Pelaksanaan Eksekusi Harta Pailit Melalui Lelang dan Penjualan Di Bawah Tangan (Studi Pada Kantor Pelayanan Kekayaan Negara dan Lelang Medan)

ABSTRAK
Proses pemberesan harta pailit yang dilakukan oleh Balai Harta Peninggalan
sebagai Kurator diantaranya adalah penjualan seluruh harta pailit melalui penjualan di
muka umum (lelang), apabila tidak berhasil maka Kurator dapat melakukan penjualan
di bawah tangan dengan izin Hakim Pengawas. Penjualan harta pailit di muka umum
(lelang) dilakukan oleh Kantor Pelayanan Kekayaan Negara dan Lelang (KPKNL)
Medan atas permohonan lelang dari Balai Harta Peninggalan Medan selaku Kurator.
Dalam praktiknya, penjualan harta pailit melalui lelang sering tidak optimal sehingga
Balai Harta Peninggalan Medan selaku Kurator melakukan penjualan di bawah
tangan dengan meminta izin Hakim Pengawas terlebih dahulu. Masalah dalam
penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pelaksanaan lelang eksekusi harta pailit pada
KPKNL Medan dan mengapa eksekusi harta pailit melalui penjualan di muka umum
(lelang) pada KPKNL Medan kurang optimal serta apakah pelaksanaan penjualan di
bawah tangan terhadap harta pailit oleh Kurator telah melindungi kepentingan
kreditor dan debitor.
Penelitian ini adalah hukum normatif yang bersifat deskriptif analitis dengan
menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan didukung data empiris.
Sumber data penelitian yaitu dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tertier.
Pengumpulan data melalui data primer dengan studi lapangan (field research) yaitu
melakukan wawancara kepada Pejabat Lelang dan Kepala KPKNL Medan serta pihak
Balai Harta Peninggalan Medan selaku Kurator, dan data sekunder melalui studi

kepustakaan (library research).
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan lelang eksekusi harta pailit
pada KPKNL Medan telah peraturan dan ketentuan yang berlaku serta memenuhi
asas-asas lelang. Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan kurang optimalnya pelaksanaan
lelang eksekusi harta pailit pada KPKNL Medan yaitu tingginya nilai limit harta pailit
yang dilelang, kreditor separatis tidak kooperatif, debitor pailit tidak kooperatif dan
besarnya biaya persiapan lelang. Penjualan di bawah tangan yang dilakukan oleh
Balai Harta Peninggalan Medan selaku Kurator dapat memberikan perlindungan
hukum terhadap kreditor dan debitor.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, disarankan agar Balai Harta
Peninggalan Medan selaku Kurator dan KPKNL Medan selaku pihak yang
berwenang dalam pelaksanaan lelang menjalankan fungsi dan tanggung jawabnya
masing-masing sehingga pelaksanaan lelang eksekusi harta pailit dapat optimal serta
perlunya dibuatkan Standart Operating Procedure (SOP) mekanisme penjualan di
bawah tangan harta pailit yang dilakukan oleh Kurator.
Kata Kunci : Pemberesan Harta Pailit, Lelang, Penjualan di Bawah Tangan

Universitas Sumatera Utara

ABSTRACT

The process of bankruptcy estate settlement done by the Probate Court as the
Curator is by selling the whole bankruptcy estate in the public sale (auction). If the
Curator fails to do it, it can be sold underhandedly with the permission of the
Supervisory Judge. Selling bankruptcy estate in the public sale (auction) is done by
KPKNL (State Assets and Auction Service Office), Medan, with the request of auction
from the Probate Court, Medan, as the Curator. In practice, the sale of bankruptcy
estate is not optimal; therefore, the Probate Court, Medan, as the Curator does it
underhandedly with the permission of the Supervisory Judge. The problems in this
research were as follows: how was the implementation of the public auction of
bankruptcy estate at KPKNL, Medan, why the execution of bankruptcy estate through
the public auction at KPKNL is not optimal, and whether the implementation of the
public sale of bankruptcy estate underhandedly by the Curator has protected the
interest of creditors and debtors.
The research used judicial normative approach with descriptive analytic
analysis, supported by empirical data. The data comprised primary, secondary, and
tertiary data. They were gathered through the primary data by performing field
research through interviews with the Auction officials, the Head of KPKNL, Medan,
and the officials of the Probate Court, Medan as the Curator. The secondary data
were gathered by performing library research.
The result of the research showed that the implementation of the execution

auction of bankruptcy estate at the KPKNL, Medan, had fulfilled the legal provisions
and the principles of auction. Some factors which caused the implementation of the
execution auction of bankruptcy estate at the KPKNL, Medan, were not optimal were
as follows: the limiting value of the bankruptcy estate which was auctioned was high,
the separated creditors were not cooperative, the debtors who went bankrupt were
not cooperative, and the preparation cost of the auction was high. Selling
underhandedly by the Probate Court, Medan, as the Curator could give legal
protection to creditors and debtors.
It is recommended that the Probate Court, Medan, as the Curator and the
KPKNL, Medan, that has the authority as the executor of the auction should do their
job and take the responsibility in order that the execution of the auction of
bankruptcy estate can be optimal. It is also recommended that Standard Operating
Procedure (SOP) of the mechanism in selling bankruptcy estate underhandedly by the
Curator should be made.
Keywords: Settlement of Bankruptcy Estate, Auction, Selling Underhandedly

Universitas Sumatera Utara