Perbanyakan Phragmatoecia castaneae (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) pada pakan buatan
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Abbot, W.S., 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticides.
J. Econ. Entomol. 18:265-267.
Amer, A. E. A. dan A. A. A. El-Sayed. 2014. Effect of Different Host Plant and
Artificial Diet on Helicoverpa armigera Hubner. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Development and Growth Index. J. Acd. Entomol. 10:3923.
Alfazairy, A. A., H. A. Sadek., G. Z. Guirguis and H. H. Karam. 2012. An agarfree artificial diet: a new approach for the low cost mass rearing of the
egyptian cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera:
Noctuidae). J. Agric. Sci. Res. 2(12):639-647.
Beuzelin, J.M. 2011. Agroecological factors impacting stem borer (Lepidoptera:
Crambidae) dynamic in gulf coast sugarcane and rice. Dissertation.
Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University.
Bhavani, B. 2013. Studies on the biology of sugarcane early shoot borer, chilo
infuscatellus Snellen on artificial diet in North Coastal Region of Andhra
Pradesh, India. Int. J. Soc. Sci. & Interdis. Res. 2(9):70-89.
Blanco, C.A., A.P. Teran-Vargas, C.A. Abel, M. Portilla, M.G. Rojas, J.A.
Morales-Ramos, and G.L. Snodgrass. 2008. Plant host effect on the
development of Heliothis virescens F. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
Environm. Entomol. 37:1538-1547.
BPPP. 2007. Prospek dan Arah Pengembangan Agribisnis Tebu. Departemen
Pertanian, Jakarta.
Brewer, F. D. 1984. Ingredients for insect diets. Quality assurance, sources, and
storage and handling. Advances and challenges in insect rearing, ARS,
USDA, New Orleans, Louisiana.45-50.
Capinera, J. L. 2009. Life cycle of Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Insecta:
Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Entomology and Nematology Departement,
University of Florida.
Chen, H., M. F. Chaudhurry., A. Sagel., P. L. Phillips. dan S. R. Skoda. 2014.
Artificial diets used in mass production of the New World screwworm,
Cochliomyia hominivorax. J. Appl. Entomol.1-7.
CPS. 2015. Commodity Profile of Sugar for August 2015. Diunduh dari
http://www.agricoop.nic.in/imagedefault/.../SugarNew29.pdf (18 Agustus
2015)
BPTTD. 1979. Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman Tebu. Balai Penelitian Tanaman
Tebu dan Tembakau Deli, Medan. hlm.15-16.
Deptan. 1994. Pengendalian Hama Terpadu Tanaman Perkebunan. Pusat
Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Industri, Badan Penelitian dan
Pengembangan Pertanian, Departemen Pertanian. hlm.36.
Diyasti, F. 2013. Waspada Penggerek Batang Tebu Raksasa. Diunduh dari
http://ditjenbun.pertanian.go.id/perlindungan/berita-149-waspada. (1 Maret
2015).
Kashyap, S., S.K. Chakrabarti, D. Pattanayak, K.P. Chandran, D.C Gautam, V.K.
Chandla and P.S. Naik. 2008. A modified of artificial diet for rearing
potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller). J. Potato.
35(3-4):141-146.
Khairiyah, U. 2008. Perkawinan pada Ulat Penggerek Batang Tebu Raksasa
(P. castaneae Hub.) (Lepidoptera : Cossidae) di Laboratorium. Skripsi.
Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman. Universitas Sumatera Utara,
Medan.
Kim, S., S. Hong., H. Park., Y. Lee, K. Park, W. Choi dan N. Kim. 2014. An
artificial diet for the swallowtail butterfly, Papilio xuthus. Int. J. Indust.
Entomol. 28(1):1-4.
Kojima, W., T. Fujii, M. Suwa, M. Miyazawa, and Y. Ishikawa. 2010.
Physiological adaptation of the Asian corn borer Ostrinia furnacalis to
chemical defenses of its host plant, maize. J. Insct. Physiol. 56:1349–1355.
Mcfarlane, J. E. 1985. Nutrition and digestive organs. (ed). Blum, M.S.
Fundamentals of Insect Physiology. Department of Entomologi Macdonald
Collage of McGill University Quebec, Canada.. A Willey-Interscience
Publication. Canada. 77pp.
Naseri, B., Y. Fathipour, S.Moharramipour, V. Hosseininaveh And A. M. R.
Gatehouse. 2010. Digestive proteolytic and amylolytic activities of
Helicoverpa armigera in response to feeding on different soybean cultivars.
Pest. Mngnt. Sci. 66:1316-1323.
Nonci, N. 2004. Biologi dan musuh alami penggerek batang Ostrinia furnacalis
Guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) pada tanaman jagung. J. Lit. Pertan.
23:8-14.
Ojeda, T. A., H. A. Woods and R. A. Raguso. 2003. Effects of dietary variation
on growth, composition, and maturation of Manduca sexta (Sphingidae:
Lepidoptera). J. Insect Physiol. 43:293-306.
P3GI. 2014. Komposisi makanan sintetis untuk C. sacchariphagus Boj. dan
C. auricilius Dudge. Pusat Penelitian Perkebunan Gula Indonesia.
Pasuruan.
Panchal, B. M. And M. S. Kachole. 2013. Life cycle of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe)
(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on an artificial diets. Int. J. Plant. Anm. environm.
Sci. 4(3):19-22.
PDIP. 2015. Tebu. Informasi Ringkas Komoditas Perkebunan. Bidang Data
Komoditas Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian. Departemen
Pertanian, Jakarta Selatan.
Pramono, D. 2005. Seri Pengolahan Hama Tebu Secara Terpadu. Seri Pertanian 2.
Dioma, Malang.
Prasasya, A. 2009. Uji efikasi Jamur Entomopatogen Beauveria bassiana basalmo
dan Metharizium anisopliae (Metch) terhadap Mortalitas Larva
Phragmatoecia castanae di Laboratorium. Skripsi. Departemen Hama dan
Penyakit Tanaman. Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan.
Purnama, A. 2001. Pengendalian Hama Penggerek Batang Tebu (P. castaneae).
Bagian Penelitian Tembakau Deli. PT. Perkebunan Nisantara II. hlm.1-3.
PTPN II. 2009. Pengendalian Secara Hayati Penggerek Batang Raksasa
(Phragmatoecia castaneae Hubner) Pada Tanaman Tebu. Tanjung
Morawa.
Saragih, R., B. Zuraida dan Z. Abidin. 1986. Pembiakan S. inferens Towns dan
kemampuan memarasit P. castaneae Hub. Prosiding Temu Ilmiah
Entomologi Perkebunan Indonesia. Medan. 22-24 April 1986. hlm.141146.
Sastrosupadi, A. 2000. Rancangan Percobaan Praktis Bidang Pertanian. Edisi
Revisi. Kanisius, Yogyakarta.
Sidauruk, D. L., M. C. Tobing dan M. U. Tarigan. 2013. Daya parasitasi
Tetrastichus sp. (Hymenoptera : Eulophidae) Pada Pupa Phragmatoecia
castaneae (Lepidoptera : Cossidae) di laboratorium. J. Onl. Agrotek.
1(2):76-86.
Singh., Pritam and J.G. Charles. 1977. An artificial diet for the larvae of potato
tuber moth. J. NZ. Zool. 4: 449-51.
Sorour, M. A., O. Khamiss, A. S. Abd El-Wahab, M. A.K. El-Sheikh and 3S.
Abul-Ela. 2011. An Economically Modified Semi-Synthetic Diet for Mass
Rearing the Egyptian Cotton Leaf Worm Spodoptera littolaris. J. Acd.
Entomol. 4 (3):118-123.
Steel, R. G. D and J. H. Torrie. 1989. Principles and Procedures of Statisties,
A Biometrical Approach. Mc. Graw-Hill Kogakusha Ltd., Tokyo.
Stoffolano, Jr. J. G. 1995. Regulation of a Meal in dipteral, Lepidoptera, and
Hymenoptera. (ed). Chapman. R.F., and G. de Boer. Regulatory
Mechanism in Insect Feeding. Champan and Hall USA. 226pp.
Tende, R., T. Tefera and S. Mugo. 2011. Mass rearing and use of stem borers at
the Kari-Katumani Insectary. International Maize and Wheat Improvement
Centre (CIMMYT) Kenya, Nairobi.
Viedma de, M. G., J. R. Baragano., A. Notario., M. Rodero dan C. Iglesias. 1985.
Artificial raising of lignicolous lepidoptera. J. of Res. on. Lepidop.
24(4):372-374.
Wang, Z.Y., K.L. He, and S. Yan. 2005. Large-scale augmentative biological
control of Asian corn borer using Trichogramma in China: a success story.
Second International Symposium on Biological Control of Arthropods,
Davos, Switzerland, 12-16 September, 2005. pp487-494.
_________., K. L. He., F. Zhang., X. Lu and D. Babendreier. 2014. Mass rearing
and release of Trichogramma for biological control of insect pests of corn
in China. Biol. Cont. 68:136-144.
Wirioatmodjo, B. 1980. Biologi P. castaneae H. penggerek batang raksasa di
Sumatera, Indonesia. Majalah Perusahaan Gula Thn. XVI (1). Maret 1980.
hlm. 18-21.
Yilmaz, C dan H. Genc. 2013. The First Attempt to Rear Olive Leaf Moth
(Palpita unionalis Hübner. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on Artificial Diet.
J. Biol. Environ. Sci. 7(19):25-32.
Abbot, W.S., 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticides.
J. Econ. Entomol. 18:265-267.
Amer, A. E. A. dan A. A. A. El-Sayed. 2014. Effect of Different Host Plant and
Artificial Diet on Helicoverpa armigera Hubner. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Development and Growth Index. J. Acd. Entomol. 10:3923.
Alfazairy, A. A., H. A. Sadek., G. Z. Guirguis and H. H. Karam. 2012. An agarfree artificial diet: a new approach for the low cost mass rearing of the
egyptian cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera:
Noctuidae). J. Agric. Sci. Res. 2(12):639-647.
Beuzelin, J.M. 2011. Agroecological factors impacting stem borer (Lepidoptera:
Crambidae) dynamic in gulf coast sugarcane and rice. Dissertation.
Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University.
Bhavani, B. 2013. Studies on the biology of sugarcane early shoot borer, chilo
infuscatellus Snellen on artificial diet in North Coastal Region of Andhra
Pradesh, India. Int. J. Soc. Sci. & Interdis. Res. 2(9):70-89.
Blanco, C.A., A.P. Teran-Vargas, C.A. Abel, M. Portilla, M.G. Rojas, J.A.
Morales-Ramos, and G.L. Snodgrass. 2008. Plant host effect on the
development of Heliothis virescens F. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
Environm. Entomol. 37:1538-1547.
BPPP. 2007. Prospek dan Arah Pengembangan Agribisnis Tebu. Departemen
Pertanian, Jakarta.
Brewer, F. D. 1984. Ingredients for insect diets. Quality assurance, sources, and
storage and handling. Advances and challenges in insect rearing, ARS,
USDA, New Orleans, Louisiana.45-50.
Capinera, J. L. 2009. Life cycle of Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Insecta:
Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Entomology and Nematology Departement,
University of Florida.
Chen, H., M. F. Chaudhurry., A. Sagel., P. L. Phillips. dan S. R. Skoda. 2014.
Artificial diets used in mass production of the New World screwworm,
Cochliomyia hominivorax. J. Appl. Entomol.1-7.
CPS. 2015. Commodity Profile of Sugar for August 2015. Diunduh dari
http://www.agricoop.nic.in/imagedefault/.../SugarNew29.pdf (18 Agustus
2015)
BPTTD. 1979. Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman Tebu. Balai Penelitian Tanaman
Tebu dan Tembakau Deli, Medan. hlm.15-16.
Deptan. 1994. Pengendalian Hama Terpadu Tanaman Perkebunan. Pusat
Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Industri, Badan Penelitian dan
Pengembangan Pertanian, Departemen Pertanian. hlm.36.
Diyasti, F. 2013. Waspada Penggerek Batang Tebu Raksasa. Diunduh dari
http://ditjenbun.pertanian.go.id/perlindungan/berita-149-waspada. (1 Maret
2015).
Kashyap, S., S.K. Chakrabarti, D. Pattanayak, K.P. Chandran, D.C Gautam, V.K.
Chandla and P.S. Naik. 2008. A modified of artificial diet for rearing
potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller). J. Potato.
35(3-4):141-146.
Khairiyah, U. 2008. Perkawinan pada Ulat Penggerek Batang Tebu Raksasa
(P. castaneae Hub.) (Lepidoptera : Cossidae) di Laboratorium. Skripsi.
Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman. Universitas Sumatera Utara,
Medan.
Kim, S., S. Hong., H. Park., Y. Lee, K. Park, W. Choi dan N. Kim. 2014. An
artificial diet for the swallowtail butterfly, Papilio xuthus. Int. J. Indust.
Entomol. 28(1):1-4.
Kojima, W., T. Fujii, M. Suwa, M. Miyazawa, and Y. Ishikawa. 2010.
Physiological adaptation of the Asian corn borer Ostrinia furnacalis to
chemical defenses of its host plant, maize. J. Insct. Physiol. 56:1349–1355.
Mcfarlane, J. E. 1985. Nutrition and digestive organs. (ed). Blum, M.S.
Fundamentals of Insect Physiology. Department of Entomologi Macdonald
Collage of McGill University Quebec, Canada.. A Willey-Interscience
Publication. Canada. 77pp.
Naseri, B., Y. Fathipour, S.Moharramipour, V. Hosseininaveh And A. M. R.
Gatehouse. 2010. Digestive proteolytic and amylolytic activities of
Helicoverpa armigera in response to feeding on different soybean cultivars.
Pest. Mngnt. Sci. 66:1316-1323.
Nonci, N. 2004. Biologi dan musuh alami penggerek batang Ostrinia furnacalis
Guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) pada tanaman jagung. J. Lit. Pertan.
23:8-14.
Ojeda, T. A., H. A. Woods and R. A. Raguso. 2003. Effects of dietary variation
on growth, composition, and maturation of Manduca sexta (Sphingidae:
Lepidoptera). J. Insect Physiol. 43:293-306.
P3GI. 2014. Komposisi makanan sintetis untuk C. sacchariphagus Boj. dan
C. auricilius Dudge. Pusat Penelitian Perkebunan Gula Indonesia.
Pasuruan.
Panchal, B. M. And M. S. Kachole. 2013. Life cycle of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe)
(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on an artificial diets. Int. J. Plant. Anm. environm.
Sci. 4(3):19-22.
PDIP. 2015. Tebu. Informasi Ringkas Komoditas Perkebunan. Bidang Data
Komoditas Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian. Departemen
Pertanian, Jakarta Selatan.
Pramono, D. 2005. Seri Pengolahan Hama Tebu Secara Terpadu. Seri Pertanian 2.
Dioma, Malang.
Prasasya, A. 2009. Uji efikasi Jamur Entomopatogen Beauveria bassiana basalmo
dan Metharizium anisopliae (Metch) terhadap Mortalitas Larva
Phragmatoecia castanae di Laboratorium. Skripsi. Departemen Hama dan
Penyakit Tanaman. Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan.
Purnama, A. 2001. Pengendalian Hama Penggerek Batang Tebu (P. castaneae).
Bagian Penelitian Tembakau Deli. PT. Perkebunan Nisantara II. hlm.1-3.
PTPN II. 2009. Pengendalian Secara Hayati Penggerek Batang Raksasa
(Phragmatoecia castaneae Hubner) Pada Tanaman Tebu. Tanjung
Morawa.
Saragih, R., B. Zuraida dan Z. Abidin. 1986. Pembiakan S. inferens Towns dan
kemampuan memarasit P. castaneae Hub. Prosiding Temu Ilmiah
Entomologi Perkebunan Indonesia. Medan. 22-24 April 1986. hlm.141146.
Sastrosupadi, A. 2000. Rancangan Percobaan Praktis Bidang Pertanian. Edisi
Revisi. Kanisius, Yogyakarta.
Sidauruk, D. L., M. C. Tobing dan M. U. Tarigan. 2013. Daya parasitasi
Tetrastichus sp. (Hymenoptera : Eulophidae) Pada Pupa Phragmatoecia
castaneae (Lepidoptera : Cossidae) di laboratorium. J. Onl. Agrotek.
1(2):76-86.
Singh., Pritam and J.G. Charles. 1977. An artificial diet for the larvae of potato
tuber moth. J. NZ. Zool. 4: 449-51.
Sorour, M. A., O. Khamiss, A. S. Abd El-Wahab, M. A.K. El-Sheikh and 3S.
Abul-Ela. 2011. An Economically Modified Semi-Synthetic Diet for Mass
Rearing the Egyptian Cotton Leaf Worm Spodoptera littolaris. J. Acd.
Entomol. 4 (3):118-123.
Steel, R. G. D and J. H. Torrie. 1989. Principles and Procedures of Statisties,
A Biometrical Approach. Mc. Graw-Hill Kogakusha Ltd., Tokyo.
Stoffolano, Jr. J. G. 1995. Regulation of a Meal in dipteral, Lepidoptera, and
Hymenoptera. (ed). Chapman. R.F., and G. de Boer. Regulatory
Mechanism in Insect Feeding. Champan and Hall USA. 226pp.
Tende, R., T. Tefera and S. Mugo. 2011. Mass rearing and use of stem borers at
the Kari-Katumani Insectary. International Maize and Wheat Improvement
Centre (CIMMYT) Kenya, Nairobi.
Viedma de, M. G., J. R. Baragano., A. Notario., M. Rodero dan C. Iglesias. 1985.
Artificial raising of lignicolous lepidoptera. J. of Res. on. Lepidop.
24(4):372-374.
Wang, Z.Y., K.L. He, and S. Yan. 2005. Large-scale augmentative biological
control of Asian corn borer using Trichogramma in China: a success story.
Second International Symposium on Biological Control of Arthropods,
Davos, Switzerland, 12-16 September, 2005. pp487-494.
_________., K. L. He., F. Zhang., X. Lu and D. Babendreier. 2014. Mass rearing
and release of Trichogramma for biological control of insect pests of corn
in China. Biol. Cont. 68:136-144.
Wirioatmodjo, B. 1980. Biologi P. castaneae H. penggerek batang raksasa di
Sumatera, Indonesia. Majalah Perusahaan Gula Thn. XVI (1). Maret 1980.
hlm. 18-21.
Yilmaz, C dan H. Genc. 2013. The First Attempt to Rear Olive Leaf Moth
(Palpita unionalis Hübner. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on Artificial Diet.
J. Biol. Environ. Sci. 7(19):25-32.