Menghadapi Kejahatan Transnasional.
[-SEPUTAR INDONESIA
o
o
o
o
o
SelasaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
Rabu
Kamis
Jumat
Sabtu
•
4
7
20 5~
8
22
Minggu
11
14
15
9
10
12
13
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
23
o UTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
M a r O Apr
O M ei
O Jun
O Ags
O Jul
O Sep
O No";
O O kt
31
•
D es
Menghadapi
Kejahatan Transnasio al
s e r io u s p h ys ic a l in ju r y s u c h a s o r g a n
s ip -p rin s ip
fa i l u r e , i m p a i r m e n t
in te rn a s io n a l
tio n , o r e v e n d e a th ." M e m o b e rik u t·
Guru Besar Hukum
Pidana Universitas
Padjadjaran
B
e lu m
h ila n g
. m a sy a ra k a t
p e ris tiw a
d a ri
tio n s
under
conduct
in g a ta n
C AT (K o n ve n si
pen)
e xte n d
G e-
d u n g W T C d i N e w Y o rk , 1 1 S e p -
's h o c ks
th e
th a t c u s to m a r y
te rs e b u t
te rh a d a p
te ro ris m e "
d a ri p e m e rin ta h a n
Saddam
H u s e in
m e rin ta h a n
(w a r o n te r r o r )
B u s h k e tik a itu
d a ri ta m p u k
a d id a y a
A s ia d a n P a s ifik
n e g a ra
tin g
um at
m a n u s ia
rin ta h a n
di
s e la in d i n e g a ra -
depan
pen-
p e ra d a b a n
d itu n ju k k a n
n g a n b a g a im a n a
ngan
te rs e b u t m e -
U n i E ro p a . P e ris tiw a
di m asa
p e rla k u a n
pem ede-
P a trio t
A ct
(2 0 0 1 ).
M e ru ju k
B a s s io u n i
d a la m
b u k u n y a , T h e In s titu tio n a liza tio n o f
Is An yo n e
'd u e
p r o c e s s o f la w ', p rin s ip 'p r e s u m p tio n
of
in n o c e n c e ',
'n o n -s e lf
p rin s ip
in c r im in a tin g
e v i d e n c e ' ,d a n p r i n s i p
' e q u a l i t y b e fo r e t h e l a w ' .
la w
b y th e
c la im s
a n d s e l f- d e fe n s e '
of
a s res-
te c h n iq u e s " .
A d v is d i a ta s b e ra s a l
hukum
D e p a rte m e n
d a ri a h li
K e h a k im a n
A S . B u s h d a la m w a w a n c a ra d i te le v is iA m e rik a m e n g a ta k a n b a h w a ia
h a ru s p e rc a y a
a d v is -a d v is
la m
d a n s e tu ju
te rs e b u t
dengan
k a re n a
a h li h u k u m . B a h k a n
m em o
te rh a d a p
m engenai
ta h a n a n
d ia
di da-
p e rla k u a n
G u a n ta n a m o
d i-
a k u i p ro s e d u rin te ro g a s im u la id a ri
Paradigma
Baru
P a d a 2 0 0 4 ,P B B
m e la lu i
S e k je n
PBB
te la h m e n g u s u n g
s u a tu
k o n s e p b a ru d a la m m e n g h a d a p i a n c a m a n d a n ta n ta n g -
k a te g o ri
I s a m p a i III y a n g in tin y a
a n a b a d 2 1 y a n g d ip a n d a n g p e n tin g
a d a la h ,
" p e n y ik s a a n
k e tik a s e lu ru h b a n g s a te la h s e p a k a t
fis ik
dan
p s ik is " .
u n tu k m e m e lih a ra p e rd a m a ia n d a n
n e g a ra te rs e b u t
k a n h a l b a ru
R e s p o n s ib le ? (2 0 1 0 ), k ita
d ia k u i
p rin s ip
b e yo n d th e
a d vis e s
K e b ija k a n
T o r tu r e b yth e B u s h A d m in is tr a tio n :
M is a ln y a
p o n s e s to p o s s ib le c r im in a l p r o s e c u -
bukan
de-
A S d i G u a n ta n a m o
m enggunakan
'n e c e s s ity
pe-
lu a s k e n e g a ra -n e g a ra
and
p id a n a
te la h
th e
in te r n a tio n a l
t i o n fo r i n t e r r o g a t i o n
k e ja tu h a n
d i B a g h d a d . K e b ija k -
a n n e g a ra
nyebar
P r e s id e n t;
"p e ra n g
s e h in g g a m e n g h a s ilk a n
under
C A T a n d m a y b e o ve r r id d e n
k e m u d ia n
u n iv e rs a l.
hukum
yang
A m e n d m e n ts ;
d o e s im p o s e o b lig a tio n s
k e b ija k a n
um um
o r w h ic h
c o n s c ie n c e '
F i ft h a n d F o u r t e e n t h
a n o rg a n is a s i te ro ris m e in te rn a s io -
m e la h irk a n
to
th a t is 'c r u e l a n d u n u s u a l'
te m b e r 2 0 0 1 o le h A I Q a e d a , ja rin g -
n a l. P e ris tiw a
A n ti-
o n ly
u n d e r E ig h th A m e n d m e n t
in te rn a s io n a l
pengebom an
" T h a t U S o b lig a -
n y a m e n y a ta k a n ,
p e n yiks a a n ,
.
o f b o d i l y fu n c -
d a n p e rn a h
bu-
te rja d i
keam anan
tin g k a t
d u n ia .
tin g g i
L a p o ra n
b e n tu k a n
panel
S e k je n
k e tik a A d o lf E ic h m a n d ic u lik a g e n
P B B , K o ffi A n a n , k e tik a i tu , m e n e -
d a p a t m e n a rik p e la ja ra n
b e rh a rg a
M ossad
gaskan
b e ta p a
dan pen-
p e n g a d ila n
sangat
s tra te g is
tin g n y a
hukum
sebagai
kuasaan
n e g a ra
d a la m
a la t
ke-
m encapai
tu ju a n m e m p e rta h a n k a n k e d a u la ta n n e g a ra
te rh a d a p
s e tia p a n c a m -
bangsa
g a ra . A d v is s a rja n a
kasus
s u a tu
hukum
G u a n ta n a m o
ne-
d a la m
bahkan
Is ra e l.
m e-
A ta u
a sa s-a sa s
fu n -
d a m e n ta lh a k a s a s im a n u s ia .
M e m o d u a a h li h u k u m
te m e n K e h a k im a n
A S m e m b e n a r-
k a n c a ra -c a ra te rs e b u t
a n ta ra
la in
m e n y a ta k a n ," P h y s ic a lp a in a m o u n tin g to to r tu r e m u s t b e e q u iv a le n t
in te n s ity
(D E A )A S d a n d ia d ilid iP e n g a d ila n
in
enam ancam an
A ta s
dasar
la p o ra n
a n n e g a ra d i a ta s , o le h C h ris to p h e
lin g k u n g a n
s o s ia l, d a n p e n y a k it
p rin -
s ip : " m a le c a p tu s b e n e d e te n tu s "
dah penahanan
(p e yang
m e m b e n a r-
k a n ).
p ra k tik
te rs e b u t,
a b a d k e -2 1 , d e g ra d a si
h id u p
k e d a la m
dap keam anan
s a m p in g
ke-
dan
e k o n o m i,
m e n u la r
ancam an
(s e c u r ity)
s e n ja ta
te r-
te rh a d u n ia
di
n u k lir, ra d io lo g i,
b io lo g i, d a n k im ia . J u g a te rm a s u k
dan
pengakuan
a ta s p rin s ip b a ru te rs e b u t
m e n c e rm in k a n
ra n a n
m asuk
te rh a d a p
te rs e b u t.
P a u lu s s e n
(2 0 1 0 ) d in a m a k a n
an-
y a n g m e m e r-
p a ra d ig m a d a la m
hukum
k in i d a la m
p e n tin g
a h li h u k u m
to th e p a in a c c o m p a n y in g
D ru g
N e w Y o r k .S e m u a l a n g k a h k e b i j a k -
K e b e ra d a a n
D e p a r-
A gen
A d m in is tra tio n
nangkapan
a n y a n g m e la n g g a r
e n a m k lu s te r
penegakan
o le h
tid a k s a h , p e n g a d ila n
p e n y ik s a -
te rd a p a t
c a m a n d a n ta n ta n g a n
lu k a n p e ru b a h a n
n e g a ra n y a
tu k a n
p e ris tiw a
k e tik a
d a ri
m ilik ip e ra n a n p e n tin g d a n m e n e n te rja d i
d a n d ia d ili
N o rie g a , P re s id e n P a n a m a , d ic u lik
E n fo rc e m e n t
a n d a n ta n ta n g a n s e riu s y a n g d a p a t
m e n c e la k a k a n
d i A rg e n tin a
rin ta h a n .
b a h w a b e ta p a
d a n s tra te g is
d i d a la m
B ahkan
pep a ra
s u a tu p e m e -
a h li h u k u m
p a t " m e n ju n g k irb a lik k a n "
dap rin -
te ro ris m e
k e ja h a ta n
k o ru p s i, p e n c u c ia n
dagangan
in te rn a s io n a l
hadapi
tra n s -
a n ta ra la in ,
u a n g , d a n p e r-
o ra n g d ite m p a tk a n
b a g a i m u su h b e rsa m a
~-----------------------------------
Kllping Humas Unpad 2010
dan
n a s io n a l te ro rg a n is a s i
u n tu k
b e rsa m a
se-
m a sy a ra k a t
se g e ra
o le h
d i-
n e g a ra -
D a la m s tra te g i P e m e rin ta h
n e g a ra .
P rin s ip ta n g g u n g ja w a b n e g a ra
(state responsibility)
keenam
d a la m k o n te k s
ancam an
te rs e b u t
sudah
d a n ta n ta n g a n
d ip a n d a n g
tid a k
te ro ris m e
te n ta n g
P e m b e ra n ta s a n
P id a n a
T e ro ris m e .
e fe k tif d a n k u ra n g m a k s im a l d a n
te la h
tig a k e s e im b a n g a n ,
d ig a n ti
" ta n g g u n g
dengan
p rin s ip
ja w a b k e a m a n a n
b e r-
RI
k in i te la h
d im ilik i U U N o m o r 1 5 T a h u n 2 0 0 3
h a ru s
m enggunakan
tin g a n
n e g a ra ,
T in d a k
UU
te rs e b u t
p e n d e k a ta n
y a itu k e p e n -
k e p e n tin g a n
k o r-
(collective security responsibi/ity/CSR)" . K o n s e p i n i " m e n g g e r u s "
b a n , d a n k e p e n tin g a n
p rin s ip k e d a u la ta n
la k u k a n
s tu d i b a n d in g k e s e p u lu h
n e g a ra ,
b a ik
sam a
p e rla h a n -la h a n
tu s k a n n y a
n e g a ra se c a ra
k a re n a s e ja k d ic e -
konsep
C S R m aka se-
nyusunan
p e la k u . P e -
U U te rs e b u t
(n e g a ra
n e g a ra
m a ju ),
s e te la h
d i-
d e m o k ra tis
n e g a ra
b e rk e m -
tia p m a s a la h y a n g te rja d i b e rk a it-
b a n g k h u s u s n y a n e g a ra Is la m d a n
an dengan
A S E A N . D a la m
sebut
keenam
a d a la h
ancam an
te r-
m e n ja d i
m a s a la h
bukan
m a s a la h
in te rn a s io n a l,
n a s io n a lp e rs e .
konsep
C S R in i b a g i m a s a d e p a n
In d o -
n e s ia d a la m m e n g h a d a p i k e e n a m
ancam an
penyusunan
te rs e b u t
tid a k d ig u n a k a n
" tu ju a n
m e n g h a la lk a n
re n a b e rte n ta n g a n
A p a k a h im p lik a s id a ri
)
m enghadapi
dan
ta n ta n g a n
s e b u t? In d o n e s ia
ra tifik a s i
te r-
te la h m e -
tu s i
m e m b e rik a n
w ew enang
se c a ra
h a ti-h a ti
k e d a u la ta n
m e n ja d i
fu n d a m e n
b a g i In d o n e s ia te la h d ile ta k k a n k e -
P ra k tik p e rla k u a n
ju g a s u lit d ite ra p k a n
te ro ris m e
di
u n d a n g a n n a s io n a l,d a n h a lin i
k o m itm e n
bangsa
d ila k s a n a k a n
s e b a ik -b a ik n y a
o le h
Im p lik a s i
in te rn a s io n a l
penegakan
y a n g p e n tin g a d a la h
c u c ia n
ja w a b te rh a d a p
ancam an
te rs e b u t,
konvensi
d a n ta n ta n g a n
te rm a s u k
k o ru p s i, p e n -
u a n g , d a n te ro ris m e
p o p u le r
s a a t in i. D a la m
penegakan
te rh a d a p
khususnya
yang
p ra k tik ,
in i
k a re n a
te rh a d a p
y a n g a d il d a n b e rm a s ih m e n g u ra t
a k a r d i d a la m s e tia p a n a k b a n g s a
in i te rm a s u k a p a ra t p e m e rin ta h .
U n tu k m e n g a n tis ip a s i p e rk e m -
h u k u m y a n g k o n s is te n
d a n b e rta n g g u n g
keenam
k e m a n u s ia a n
d a la m k a s u s
In d o n e s ia
a d a b ta m p a k n y a
ra tifik a s i
In d o -
d i G u a n ta n a m o
v e n s i te rs e b u t m e la lu i p e ru n d a n g -
P e m e rin ta h In d o n e s ia .
m engn e g a ra
n e s ia M e rd e k a 6 5 ta h u n y a n g la lu .
w a jib a n u n tu k m e la k s a n a k a n
te la h
kepada
P rin s ip " C S R " d i a ta s p e rlu d ite ra p k a n
m a s ih
kon-
te r-
J yang
in d iv id u .
a n d a n ta n ta n g a n
te r-
P asal 28
n e g a ra u n tu k m e m b a ta s i h a k a s a s i
in g a t p rin s ip
bahw a
ka-
1 9 4 5 ) s e k a lip u n
dengan keenam ancam -
s e b u t. In i b e ra rti
c a ra "
d e n g a n K o n s ti-
d a p a t k e te n tu a n
lim a k o n v e n s i
in te rn a s io n a l b e rk a ita n
(U U D
UU
p rin s ip ,
b a n g a n te rk in i d a la m p e n c e g a h a n
d a n p e m b e ra n ta s a n
tin d a k p id a n a
tra n s n a s io n a l
in te rn a s io n a l,
P e m e rin ta h
dan
In d o n e s ia
w a jib
m e-
la k u k a n k a jia n h u k u m s e c a ra m e n -
hukum
d i In d o n e s ia
d a la m te rh a d a p
k e ja h a ta n
tra n s n a s io n a l
u n d a n g -u n d a n g d i b id a n g p e rta h a n -
k o ru p s i te rb u k ti
b a n y a k m e n ja n g k a u
le b ih
p e la k u w a rg a
an
dan
s e k to r
se m u a ra n c a n g a n
keam anan
s tra te g is
s e rta
yang
s e k to r-
m e n g a tu r
n e g a ra In d o n e s ia d a rip a d a p e la k u
h a ja t h id u p ra k y a t In d o n e s ia .
w a rg a n e g a ra a s in g a ta u k o rp o ra s i
tid a k n y a , s e tia p ra n c a n g a n
a s in g . S e b u t s a ja k a s u s M o n s a n to
u n d a n g y a n g m e ru g ik a n b a ik s e c a ra
(2 0 0 6 ), k a su s
p o litis , e k o n o m i, s o s ia l, m a u p u n b u -
ro y a lti
b a tu
b a ra
Se-
undang-
( 2 0 0 8 ) ,k a s u s I n n o s p e c ( 2 0 1 0 ) ,s e r ta
d a y a d a p a t d ic e g a h d a n d ia b a ik a n
kasus
u n tu k m e n ja d i b a g ia n d a ri s is te m
(2 0 1 0 ).
suap
G ayus
T am bunan
h u k u m p id a n a n a s io n a l. (* )
o
o
o
o
o
SelasaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
Rabu
Kamis
Jumat
Sabtu
•
4
7
20 5~
8
22
Minggu
11
14
15
9
10
12
13
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
23
o UTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
M a r O Apr
O M ei
O Jun
O Ags
O Jul
O Sep
O No";
O O kt
31
•
D es
Menghadapi
Kejahatan Transnasio al
s e r io u s p h ys ic a l in ju r y s u c h a s o r g a n
s ip -p rin s ip
fa i l u r e , i m p a i r m e n t
in te rn a s io n a l
tio n , o r e v e n d e a th ." M e m o b e rik u t·
Guru Besar Hukum
Pidana Universitas
Padjadjaran
B
e lu m
h ila n g
. m a sy a ra k a t
p e ris tiw a
d a ri
tio n s
under
conduct
in g a ta n
C AT (K o n ve n si
pen)
e xte n d
G e-
d u n g W T C d i N e w Y o rk , 1 1 S e p -
's h o c ks
th e
th a t c u s to m a r y
te rs e b u t
te rh a d a p
te ro ris m e "
d a ri p e m e rin ta h a n
Saddam
H u s e in
m e rin ta h a n
(w a r o n te r r o r )
B u s h k e tik a itu
d a ri ta m p u k
a d id a y a
A s ia d a n P a s ifik
n e g a ra
tin g
um at
m a n u s ia
rin ta h a n
di
s e la in d i n e g a ra -
depan
pen-
p e ra d a b a n
d itu n ju k k a n
n g a n b a g a im a n a
ngan
te rs e b u t m e -
U n i E ro p a . P e ris tiw a
di m asa
p e rla k u a n
pem ede-
P a trio t
A ct
(2 0 0 1 ).
M e ru ju k
B a s s io u n i
d a la m
b u k u n y a , T h e In s titu tio n a liza tio n o f
Is An yo n e
'd u e
p r o c e s s o f la w ', p rin s ip 'p r e s u m p tio n
of
in n o c e n c e ',
'n o n -s e lf
p rin s ip
in c r im in a tin g
e v i d e n c e ' ,d a n p r i n s i p
' e q u a l i t y b e fo r e t h e l a w ' .
la w
b y th e
c la im s
a n d s e l f- d e fe n s e '
of
a s res-
te c h n iq u e s " .
A d v is d i a ta s b e ra s a l
hukum
D e p a rte m e n
d a ri a h li
K e h a k im a n
A S . B u s h d a la m w a w a n c a ra d i te le v is iA m e rik a m e n g a ta k a n b a h w a ia
h a ru s p e rc a y a
a d v is -a d v is
la m
d a n s e tu ju
te rs e b u t
dengan
k a re n a
a h li h u k u m . B a h k a n
m em o
te rh a d a p
m engenai
ta h a n a n
d ia
di da-
p e rla k u a n
G u a n ta n a m o
d i-
a k u i p ro s e d u rin te ro g a s im u la id a ri
Paradigma
Baru
P a d a 2 0 0 4 ,P B B
m e la lu i
S e k je n
PBB
te la h m e n g u s u n g
s u a tu
k o n s e p b a ru d a la m m e n g h a d a p i a n c a m a n d a n ta n ta n g -
k a te g o ri
I s a m p a i III y a n g in tin y a
a n a b a d 2 1 y a n g d ip a n d a n g p e n tin g
a d a la h ,
" p e n y ik s a a n
k e tik a s e lu ru h b a n g s a te la h s e p a k a t
fis ik
dan
p s ik is " .
u n tu k m e m e lih a ra p e rd a m a ia n d a n
n e g a ra te rs e b u t
k a n h a l b a ru
R e s p o n s ib le ? (2 0 1 0 ), k ita
d ia k u i
p rin s ip
b e yo n d th e
a d vis e s
K e b ija k a n
T o r tu r e b yth e B u s h A d m in is tr a tio n :
M is a ln y a
p o n s e s to p o s s ib le c r im in a l p r o s e c u -
bukan
de-
A S d i G u a n ta n a m o
m enggunakan
'n e c e s s ity
pe-
lu a s k e n e g a ra -n e g a ra
and
p id a n a
te la h
th e
in te r n a tio n a l
t i o n fo r i n t e r r o g a t i o n
k e ja tu h a n
d i B a g h d a d . K e b ija k -
a n n e g a ra
nyebar
P r e s id e n t;
"p e ra n g
s e h in g g a m e n g h a s ilk a n
under
C A T a n d m a y b e o ve r r id d e n
k e m u d ia n
u n iv e rs a l.
hukum
yang
A m e n d m e n ts ;
d o e s im p o s e o b lig a tio n s
k e b ija k a n
um um
o r w h ic h
c o n s c ie n c e '
F i ft h a n d F o u r t e e n t h
a n o rg a n is a s i te ro ris m e in te rn a s io -
m e la h irk a n
to
th a t is 'c r u e l a n d u n u s u a l'
te m b e r 2 0 0 1 o le h A I Q a e d a , ja rin g -
n a l. P e ris tiw a
A n ti-
o n ly
u n d e r E ig h th A m e n d m e n t
in te rn a s io n a l
pengebom an
" T h a t U S o b lig a -
n y a m e n y a ta k a n ,
p e n yiks a a n ,
.
o f b o d i l y fu n c -
d a n p e rn a h
bu-
te rja d i
keam anan
tin g k a t
d u n ia .
tin g g i
L a p o ra n
b e n tu k a n
panel
S e k je n
k e tik a A d o lf E ic h m a n d ic u lik a g e n
P B B , K o ffi A n a n , k e tik a i tu , m e n e -
d a p a t m e n a rik p e la ja ra n
b e rh a rg a
M ossad
gaskan
b e ta p a
dan pen-
p e n g a d ila n
sangat
s tra te g is
tin g n y a
hukum
sebagai
kuasaan
n e g a ra
d a la m
a la t
ke-
m encapai
tu ju a n m e m p e rta h a n k a n k e d a u la ta n n e g a ra
te rh a d a p
s e tia p a n c a m -
bangsa
g a ra . A d v is s a rja n a
kasus
s u a tu
hukum
G u a n ta n a m o
ne-
d a la m
bahkan
Is ra e l.
m e-
A ta u
a sa s-a sa s
fu n -
d a m e n ta lh a k a s a s im a n u s ia .
M e m o d u a a h li h u k u m
te m e n K e h a k im a n
A S m e m b e n a r-
k a n c a ra -c a ra te rs e b u t
a n ta ra
la in
m e n y a ta k a n ," P h y s ic a lp a in a m o u n tin g to to r tu r e m u s t b e e q u iv a le n t
in te n s ity
(D E A )A S d a n d ia d ilid iP e n g a d ila n
in
enam ancam an
A ta s
dasar
la p o ra n
a n n e g a ra d i a ta s , o le h C h ris to p h e
lin g k u n g a n
s o s ia l, d a n p e n y a k it
p rin -
s ip : " m a le c a p tu s b e n e d e te n tu s "
dah penahanan
(p e yang
m e m b e n a r-
k a n ).
p ra k tik
te rs e b u t,
a b a d k e -2 1 , d e g ra d a si
h id u p
k e d a la m
dap keam anan
s a m p in g
ke-
dan
e k o n o m i,
m e n u la r
ancam an
(s e c u r ity)
s e n ja ta
te r-
te rh a d u n ia
di
n u k lir, ra d io lo g i,
b io lo g i, d a n k im ia . J u g a te rm a s u k
dan
pengakuan
a ta s p rin s ip b a ru te rs e b u t
m e n c e rm in k a n
ra n a n
m asuk
te rh a d a p
te rs e b u t.
P a u lu s s e n
(2 0 1 0 ) d in a m a k a n
an-
y a n g m e m e r-
p a ra d ig m a d a la m
hukum
k in i d a la m
p e n tin g
a h li h u k u m
to th e p a in a c c o m p a n y in g
D ru g
N e w Y o r k .S e m u a l a n g k a h k e b i j a k -
K e b e ra d a a n
D e p a r-
A gen
A d m in is tra tio n
nangkapan
a n y a n g m e la n g g a r
e n a m k lu s te r
penegakan
o le h
tid a k s a h , p e n g a d ila n
p e n y ik s a -
te rd a p a t
c a m a n d a n ta n ta n g a n
lu k a n p e ru b a h a n
n e g a ra n y a
tu k a n
p e ris tiw a
k e tik a
d a ri
m ilik ip e ra n a n p e n tin g d a n m e n e n te rja d i
d a n d ia d ili
N o rie g a , P re s id e n P a n a m a , d ic u lik
E n fo rc e m e n t
a n d a n ta n ta n g a n s e riu s y a n g d a p a t
m e n c e la k a k a n
d i A rg e n tin a
rin ta h a n .
b a h w a b e ta p a
d a n s tra te g is
d i d a la m
B ahkan
pep a ra
s u a tu p e m e -
a h li h u k u m
p a t " m e n ju n g k irb a lik k a n "
dap rin -
te ro ris m e
k e ja h a ta n
k o ru p s i, p e n c u c ia n
dagangan
in te rn a s io n a l
hadapi
tra n s -
a n ta ra la in ,
u a n g , d a n p e r-
o ra n g d ite m p a tk a n
b a g a i m u su h b e rsa m a
~-----------------------------------
Kllping Humas Unpad 2010
dan
n a s io n a l te ro rg a n is a s i
u n tu k
b e rsa m a
se-
m a sy a ra k a t
se g e ra
o le h
d i-
n e g a ra -
D a la m s tra te g i P e m e rin ta h
n e g a ra .
P rin s ip ta n g g u n g ja w a b n e g a ra
(state responsibility)
keenam
d a la m k o n te k s
ancam an
te rs e b u t
sudah
d a n ta n ta n g a n
d ip a n d a n g
tid a k
te ro ris m e
te n ta n g
P e m b e ra n ta s a n
P id a n a
T e ro ris m e .
e fe k tif d a n k u ra n g m a k s im a l d a n
te la h
tig a k e s e im b a n g a n ,
d ig a n ti
" ta n g g u n g
dengan
p rin s ip
ja w a b k e a m a n a n
b e r-
RI
k in i te la h
d im ilik i U U N o m o r 1 5 T a h u n 2 0 0 3
h a ru s
m enggunakan
tin g a n
n e g a ra ,
T in d a k
UU
te rs e b u t
p e n d e k a ta n
y a itu k e p e n -
k e p e n tin g a n
k o r-
(collective security responsibi/ity/CSR)" . K o n s e p i n i " m e n g g e r u s "
b a n , d a n k e p e n tin g a n
p rin s ip k e d a u la ta n
la k u k a n
s tu d i b a n d in g k e s e p u lu h
n e g a ra ,
b a ik
sam a
p e rla h a n -la h a n
tu s k a n n y a
n e g a ra se c a ra
k a re n a s e ja k d ic e -
konsep
C S R m aka se-
nyusunan
p e la k u . P e -
U U te rs e b u t
(n e g a ra
n e g a ra
m a ju ),
s e te la h
d i-
d e m o k ra tis
n e g a ra
b e rk e m -
tia p m a s a la h y a n g te rja d i b e rk a it-
b a n g k h u s u s n y a n e g a ra Is la m d a n
an dengan
A S E A N . D a la m
sebut
keenam
a d a la h
ancam an
te r-
m e n ja d i
m a s a la h
bukan
m a s a la h
in te rn a s io n a l,
n a s io n a lp e rs e .
konsep
C S R in i b a g i m a s a d e p a n
In d o -
n e s ia d a la m m e n g h a d a p i k e e n a m
ancam an
penyusunan
te rs e b u t
tid a k d ig u n a k a n
" tu ju a n
m e n g h a la lk a n
re n a b e rte n ta n g a n
A p a k a h im p lik a s id a ri
)
m enghadapi
dan
ta n ta n g a n
s e b u t? In d o n e s ia
ra tifik a s i
te r-
te la h m e -
tu s i
m e m b e rik a n
w ew enang
se c a ra
h a ti-h a ti
k e d a u la ta n
m e n ja d i
fu n d a m e n
b a g i In d o n e s ia te la h d ile ta k k a n k e -
P ra k tik p e rla k u a n
ju g a s u lit d ite ra p k a n
te ro ris m e
di
u n d a n g a n n a s io n a l,d a n h a lin i
k o m itm e n
bangsa
d ila k s a n a k a n
s e b a ik -b a ik n y a
o le h
Im p lik a s i
in te rn a s io n a l
penegakan
y a n g p e n tin g a d a la h
c u c ia n
ja w a b te rh a d a p
ancam an
te rs e b u t,
konvensi
d a n ta n ta n g a n
te rm a s u k
k o ru p s i, p e n -
u a n g , d a n te ro ris m e
p o p u le r
s a a t in i. D a la m
penegakan
te rh a d a p
khususnya
yang
p ra k tik ,
in i
k a re n a
te rh a d a p
y a n g a d il d a n b e rm a s ih m e n g u ra t
a k a r d i d a la m s e tia p a n a k b a n g s a
in i te rm a s u k a p a ra t p e m e rin ta h .
U n tu k m e n g a n tis ip a s i p e rk e m -
h u k u m y a n g k o n s is te n
d a n b e rta n g g u n g
keenam
k e m a n u s ia a n
d a la m k a s u s
In d o n e s ia
a d a b ta m p a k n y a
ra tifik a s i
In d o -
d i G u a n ta n a m o
v e n s i te rs e b u t m e la lu i p e ru n d a n g -
P e m e rin ta h In d o n e s ia .
m engn e g a ra
n e s ia M e rd e k a 6 5 ta h u n y a n g la lu .
w a jib a n u n tu k m e la k s a n a k a n
te la h
kepada
P rin s ip " C S R " d i a ta s p e rlu d ite ra p k a n
m a s ih
kon-
te r-
J yang
in d iv id u .
a n d a n ta n ta n g a n
te r-
P asal 28
n e g a ra u n tu k m e m b a ta s i h a k a s a s i
in g a t p rin s ip
bahw a
ka-
1 9 4 5 ) s e k a lip u n
dengan keenam ancam -
s e b u t. In i b e ra rti
c a ra "
d e n g a n K o n s ti-
d a p a t k e te n tu a n
lim a k o n v e n s i
in te rn a s io n a l b e rk a ita n
(U U D
UU
p rin s ip ,
b a n g a n te rk in i d a la m p e n c e g a h a n
d a n p e m b e ra n ta s a n
tin d a k p id a n a
tra n s n a s io n a l
in te rn a s io n a l,
P e m e rin ta h
dan
In d o n e s ia
w a jib
m e-
la k u k a n k a jia n h u k u m s e c a ra m e n -
hukum
d i In d o n e s ia
d a la m te rh a d a p
k e ja h a ta n
tra n s n a s io n a l
u n d a n g -u n d a n g d i b id a n g p e rta h a n -
k o ru p s i te rb u k ti
b a n y a k m e n ja n g k a u
le b ih
p e la k u w a rg a
an
dan
s e k to r
se m u a ra n c a n g a n
keam anan
s tra te g is
s e rta
yang
s e k to r-
m e n g a tu r
n e g a ra In d o n e s ia d a rip a d a p e la k u
h a ja t h id u p ra k y a t In d o n e s ia .
w a rg a n e g a ra a s in g a ta u k o rp o ra s i
tid a k n y a , s e tia p ra n c a n g a n
a s in g . S e b u t s a ja k a s u s M o n s a n to
u n d a n g y a n g m e ru g ik a n b a ik s e c a ra
(2 0 0 6 ), k a su s
p o litis , e k o n o m i, s o s ia l, m a u p u n b u -
ro y a lti
b a tu
b a ra
Se-
undang-
( 2 0 0 8 ) ,k a s u s I n n o s p e c ( 2 0 1 0 ) ,s e r ta
d a y a d a p a t d ic e g a h d a n d ia b a ik a n
kasus
u n tu k m e n ja d i b a g ia n d a ri s is te m
(2 0 1 0 ).
suap
G ayus
T am bunan
h u k u m p id a n a n a s io n a l. (* )