Welcome to Repositori Universitas Muria Kudus - Repositori Universitas Muria Kudus

THE ANALYSIS OF THEME IN THE BACKGROUND OF
THE RESEARCH OF SKRIPSI WRITTEN BY
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT STUDENTS OF
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY

By:
NOR KHALIM
2009-32-076

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
i

3
201
2013

ii

THE ANALYSIS OF THEME IN THE BACKGROUND OF

THE RESEARCH OF SKRIPSI WRITTEN BY
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT STUDENTS OF
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY

SKRIPSI
Presented to the University of Muria Kudus
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing Sarjana Program
in English Education

iii

By:
NOR KHALIM
2009-32-076

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS
3
201

2013
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO:
� Good things bring you into good places
� Even if everything getting worse, the only way is do the right thing
� The main purpose of live is to live rightly, think rightly, and act rightly
(Mahatma Gandhi)
� Man Jadda Wa Jaddaa
� Knowledge is love, light and vision (Helen Keller)

DEDICATION:

iv

� This Skripsi is dedicated to my beloved mother and
father (Karsih & Jono), thanks for letting me
experience the kind of love that people freely die for.
� My Lovely Brothers (Makhrus & Hanif), thanks for
always being on my side and brightening my days.
� Mrs. Fitri Budi Suryani, SS.,M.Pd & Mrs. Atik

Rokhayani, S.Pd., M.Pd, who helped me a lot in
understanding Theme- Rheme

ADVISORS
ADVISORS’’ APPROVAL

This is to certify that the skripsi of Nor Khalim has been approved by the advisors
for further approval by the examining committee.
Kudus, 04 July 2013
Advisor I

Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd
NIS. 0610701000001207
Advisor II

v

Fitri Budi Suryani, SS, M.Pd
NIS.0610701000001155
Acknowledged by

The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
Dean,

Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd.
NIP. 19621219198703 1 001
EXAMINERS
EXAMINERS’’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Nor Khalim (2009-32-076) has been approved
by the Examining Committee as a requirement for Sarjana Degree of English
Education.
Kudus, July 8th 2013

Skripsi Examining Committee:

Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd
NIS. 0610701000001207

Chairperson

Fitri Budi Suryani, SS, M.Pd

NIS.0610701000001155

Member

vi

Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd.
NIP. 196212191987031001

Member

Nuraeningsih, S.Pd., M.Pd
NIS. 0610701000001201

Member

Acknowledged by
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
Dean,

Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd.
NIP. 196212191987031001
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Alhamdulillah thanks to Allah SWT the Almighty who blesses the writer
with composure, toughness, and pure mind while accomplishing the skripsi
entitled “The Analysis of Theme in the Background of the Research of Skripsi
Written by English Education Department Students of Muria Kudus University”.
This skripsi is not merely the writer own work but has also been greatly
improved by the willing cooperation and assistance of a number of people in the
process of completion. Therefore, the writer would like to express her deep
gratitude to:

vii

1. Allah SWT the Almighty, the Most Merciful, the Most Gracious, the
Everlasting Energy Source, And Eternal Hope.
2. The writer beloved parents and brothers, for their loves and supports in
finishing this skripsi.
3. Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd., the Dean of Teacher Training and Education

Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
4. Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd, the Head of English Education Department of
Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
5. Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd, as the first advisor who guides the writer and
supports her in finishing this research with a great patience.
6. Fitri Budi Suryani, SS., M.Pd, as the second advisor who gives his
contributive criticisms and assistances during completing this research.
7. The lecturers of English Education Department of Teacher Training and
Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
8. The writer dearest friends I’malia, Karlina, Novi, Tiwi, Ani and her super
friends Santi, Lisa, Ayu, Ganish, Eni, Shofi, Indah and many others,
thanks for your patience, love, friendship, humor and willingness to eat out.
The writer is convinced that there are mistakes made elsewhere. Therefore,
she apologizes for any mistakes and opens for any constructive criticisms and

viii

suggestions. Furthermore, the writer hopes that it will be useful especially for
those in the field of English teaching and learning.
Kudus, 04 July 2013

Nor Khalim

ABSTRACT

Khalim, Nor. 2013. The Analysis of Theme in the Background of the Research of
Skripsi Written by English Education Department Students of Muria
Kudus University. Skripsi. English Education Department, Teacher
Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisors:
(1) Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd., (2) Fitri Budi Suryani, S.S, M.Pd.
Key words: Theme, background of the research, skripsi
Background of the research is a crucial part in writing skripsi; it becomes
the foundation of the research, exposes the reason of the researcher do the
research, and introduces the reader’s point of view about what will be reported in
the research. Since this part is extremely important, students are supposed to
compose it appropriately. It, at least, fulfill the characteristics of a good text; they
ix

are coherence and cohesion. Coherence plays a crucial role in making paragraph
read well, where the parts of paragraphs are unified, they are about the same main

idea and they flow from one part into another without distracting the organization
of the information in paragraphs. In order to follow the flow of information in
paragraph, we can analyze Theme choices in it. Theme is defined as the point of
departure for what the speaker is going to say.
The objectives of this research are to find out the types of Theme and the
most dominant Theme in the background of the research of skripsi written by
English Education Department students of Muria Kudus University who
graduated in April 2012.
In matter obtaining the objectives of the research, the writer used content
analysis qualitative design; whereas the data of the research is Theme and the data
source is background of the research of skripsi written by English Education
Department students of Muria Kudus University who graduated in April 2012.
The writer limits this research by only analyzing four backgrounds of the research
of skripsi.
After analyzing the data, the writer found that two out of four students
used three types of Themes suggested by Eggins (topical, textual and
interpersonal), while the rest only used topical and textual Theme. The most
dominant Theme used by students in writing background of the research is topical
Theme; it is mostly used to introduce new ideas and maintain the progression of
information.

Therefore, the writer suggests that students should enrich their
knowledge about Theme; it will benefit them in drafting and revising their
compositions. Lecturer is also highly recommended to introduce Theme to
students; it will be useful to guide students become aware of how information
develops in text.
ABSTRAK

Khalim, Nor. 2013. Analisis Theme dalam Latar Belakang Masalah Skripsi yang
ditulis oleh Mahasiswa Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Universitas Muria
Kudus. Skripsi . Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Keguruan Ilmu
Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing: (1) Atik
Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd., (2) Fitri Budi Suryani, S.S, M.Pd.
Kata- kata kunci: Theme, latar belakang masalah, skripsi
Latar belakang masalah dalam penelitian merupakan bagian yang sangat
penting dalam penulisan skripsi; hal tersebut menjadi sebuah fondasi dari sebuah
penelitian, alasan mengapa peneliti melakukan penelitian dan memperkenalkan
kepada pembaca mengenai apa yang akan dibahas dalam penelitian. Karena
bagian ini sangat penting, maka mahasiswa diharapkan mampu menyusunya
x

dengan baik; setidaknya mereka mampu menyusun latar belakang yang memenuhi
kriteria teks yang baik; yakni teks yang koheren dan kohesif. Koheren berperan
penting dalam membuat sebuah paragraf mudah dipahami, dimana bagianbagianya menyatu, memiliki ide pokok yang sama dan mengalir dari satu bagian
kebagian lainya tanpa mengganggu susunan informasi dalam paragraf. Untuk
mengikuti susunan informasi dalam paragraf, kita dapat menganalisa pilihan
Theme dalam paragraf tersebut. Theme diartikan sebagai poin awal yang hendak
dikatakan oleh si penutur.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis Theme dan
Theme yang paling dominan dalam latar belakang masalah di skripsi yang ditulis
oleh mahasiswa Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Universitas Muria Kudus yang lulus
pada April 2012.
Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, penulis menggunakan design kualitatif
berupa analisis isi; dimana data dari penelitian ini adalah Theme, sementara data
source berupa latar belakang masalah dalam skripsi yang ditulis oleh mahasiswa
Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris yang lulus pada April 2012. Peneliti membatasi
penelitian ini dengan hanya meneliti empat latar belakang skripsi.
Setelah menganalisa data, penulis menemukan bahwa dua dari empat
skripsi menggunakan ketiga jenis Theme yang dikemukakan oleh Eggins (topical,
textual, interpersonal), sementara sisanya hanya menggunakan Theme topical dan
textual. Theme yang paling dominan dalam latar belakang masalah adalah jenis
Topical; Theme ini seringkali digunakan untuk memperkenalkan topik baru dan
menjaga progress susunan informasi.
Demikian, penulis menyarankan kepada mahasiswa untuk mempelajari
tentang Theme lebih dalam, hal ini akan bermanaat pada waktu mereka membuat
draft dan merevisi tulisan mereka. Dosen juga disarankan untuk memperkenalkan
Theme kepada siswanya, hal ini bermanfaat untuk membantu siswa dalam
mengembangkan informasi dalam teks yang mereka buat.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
COVER ……………………………………………………………………
LOGO ……………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………..
TITLE ……………………………………………………………………
...
MOTTO AND DEDICATION …………………………………………
…………………………………………...
ADVISORS
ADVISORS’’ APPROVAL ………………………………………………
………………………………………………..
EXAMINERS
EXAMINERS’’ APPROVAL ……………………………………………
……………………………………………....
ACKNOWLEDGMENT …………………………………………………
…………………………………………………..
ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………..
ABTRAKSI ………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………....
xi

i
ii
iii
iv
v
vi
vii
ix
x

TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………………………………………
LIST OF TABLES ………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………....
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

………………………………………

1.1.

xii
xv
1

B
ackground of the Research

……………………………………

1.2.

1

S
tatements of the Problem

………………………………….……..

1.3.

7
O

bjective of the Research

………………………………………

1.4.

7

Signifi
cance of the Research

………………………………………

1.5.

8

Scope
of the Research

………………………………………….

1.6.

8
Operat

ional Definition

……………………………………………

9

........................
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
LITERATURE........................

10

2.1.................................................................................................................Metafu
nction..................................................................................................

10

2.2.................................................................................................................Rank
Scale....................................................................................................

12

2.3.................................................................................................................Clause
........................................................................................................ 13

xii

2.4.................................................................................................................The
System of Theme and Rheme.............................................................

14

2.4.1 Theme.............................................................................................

15

2.4.2 Theme Types..................................................................................

16

2.4.2.1 Ideational or Topical Theme.....................................................

17

2.4.2.1.1 Marked and Unmarked Theme..........................................

19

2.4.2.2 Textual Theme..........................................................................

23

2.4.2.3 Interpersonal Theme.................................................................

24

2.4.3 Multiple Themes..........................................................................

26

2.4.4 Theme and Mood.........................................................................

29

2.4.5.......................................................................................................Predic
ated Theme..................................................................................

35

2.4.6.......................................................................................................Other
Characteristic of Themes.............................................................

36

2.5 Rheme....................................................................................................

38

2.5.................................................................................................................Skripsi
...........................................................................................................39
2.6.................................................................................................................Backgr
ound of the Research of Skripsi............................................................

39

2.7.................................................................................................................Previo
us Study.................................................................................................

40

.....................
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY OF THE RESEARCH
RESEARCH.....................

41

xiii

3.1.................................................................................................................Design
of the Research......................................................................................

41

3.2.................................................................................................................Data
and Data Source....................................................................................

42

3.3.................................................................................................................Data
Collection..............................................................................................

43

3.4.................................................................................................................Data
Analysis.................................................................................................

44

.............................................
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS OF RESEARCH
RESEARCH.............................................

48

4.1.................................................................................................................Data
Findings.................................................................................................

48

4.1.1........................................................................................................... T
he Types of Theme in the Background of the Research of Skripsi
Written by English Education Department Student......................... 49
4.1.1.1......................................................................................................... T
he Types of Theme in the Background of the Research of Skripsi
Written by Student A......................................................................
50
4.1.1.2......................................................................................................... T
he Types of Theme in the Background of the Research of Skripsi
Written by Student B......................................................................
53
4.1.1.3......................................................................................................... T
he Types of Theme in the Background of the Research of Skripsi
Written by Student C......................................................................
57
4.1.1.4......................................................................................................... T
he Types of Theme in the Background of the Research of Skripsi
Written by Student D......................................................................
62
4.1.2..............................................................................................................T
he Percentages of Theme in the Background of the Research of
Skrips Written by English Education Department Student.............. 67
xiv

4.1.2.1......................................................................................................... T
he Percentages of Theme in the Background of the Research of
Skrips Written by Student A........................................................... 67
4.1.2.2......................................................................................................... T
he Percentages of Theme in the Background of the Research of
Skrips Written by Student B...........................................................
69
4.1.2.3......................................................................................................... T
he Percentages of Theme in the Background of the Research of
Skrips Written by Student C...........................................................
71
4.1.2.4......................................................................................................... T
he Percentages of Theme in the Background of the Research of
Skrips Written by Student D........................................................... 73
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION

77

5.1.................................................................................................................T
hemes in the Background of the Research of Skripsi Written by
English Education Department Students..............................................
77
5.2.................................................................................................................I
deational or Topical Theme..................................................................

77

5.2.1 Ideational or Topical Theme Used in the Background of the
Research of Skripsi Written by Student A..................................

78

5.2.2 Ideational or Topical Theme Used in the Background of the
Research of Skripsi Written by Student B...................................

82

5.2.3 Ideational or Topical Theme Used in the Background of the
Research of Skripsi Written by Student C...................................

87

5.2.4 Ideational or Topical Theme Used in the Background of the
Research of Skripsi Written by Student D..................................

91

5.3.................................................................................................................T
extual Theme.........................................................................................

97

5.3.1 Textual Theme Used by Student A..............................................

98

xv

5.3.2 Textual Theme Used by Student B..............................................

100

5.3.3 Textual Theme Used by Student C..............................................

101

5.3.4 Textual Theme Used by Student D.............................................. 103
5.4.................................................................................................................I
nterpersonal Theme............................................................................... 104
5.5.................................................................................................................F
requencies of Theme Used in the Background of the Research...........

106

.........................
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
SUGGESTIONS.........................

108

6.1 Conclusions............................................................................................ 108
6.2 Suggestions............................................................................................

109

...........................................................................................
REFFERENCES
REFFERENCES...........................................................................................
..............................................................................................
APPENDICES
APPENDICES..............................................................................................
..............................................................................
CURRICULUM VITAE
VITAE..............................................................................
STATEMENT SHEET
.................................................................................
SHEET.................................................................................

110
114
124
125

xvi

LIST OF TABLES
Table

Page

2.1........................................................................................................................T
he Example of Active Sentence Employing Liz as Theme......................16
2.2........................................................................................................................T
he Example of Passive Verb Phrase Employing Emily as Theme...........16
2.3........................................................................................................................T
he Conflates of Theme on the Mood Structure........................................ 20
2.4........................................................................................................................T
he First Example of Multiple Theme....................................................... 27
2.5........................................................................................................................T
he Second Examples of Multiple Theme................................................. 27
2.6........................................................................................................................C
omponent of Theme................................................................................ 28
2.7........................................................................................................................T
ypical Theme in the Choice of Mood.......................................................34
2.8........................................................................................................................C
onjunction.................................................................................................37
2.10. Relatives.................................................................................................37
3.1. The Example of Data Analysis................................................................ 45
4.1. The Analysis of Background of the Research Written by Student A...... 50

xvii

4.5. The Analysis of Background of the Research Written by Student B.......54
4.9. The Analysis of Background of the Research Written by Student C.......58
4.14. The Analysis of Background of the Research Written by Student D.... 62
4.19. The Percentages of Themes................................................................... 76

xviii