Physiological Seed Performance of Local Aceh and National Release Variety of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Water Stress | Ichsan | Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter 5799 11799 1 SM
Proceedings of The 5 th Annual I nt er nat ional Conf er ence Syiah Kuala Universit y ( AI C Unsyiah) 2015
I n conj unct ion w it h The 8 th I nt ernat ional Conference of Chem ical Engineering on Science and Applicat ions ( ChESA) 2015
Sept em ber 9- 11, 2015, Banda Aceh, I ndonesia
Physiologica l Se e d Pe r for m a nce of Loca l Ace h a nd N a t iona l
Re le a se Va r ie t y of Rice ( Or yz a sa t iva L.) t o W a t e r St r e ss
1
Cut Nur I chsan, 1 Bakht iar, 1 Efendi, and
1*
Sabarudin
1
Depart m ent of Agrot echnology, Facult y of Agricult ure, Syiah Kuala Universit y, Darussalam ,
Banda Aceh 23111, I ndonesia;
* Corresponding Aut hor: [email protected]
Abst ra ct
Global warm ing causes changes in rainfall pat t erns causing lack of wat er for cult iv at ion ( I PPC,
2007) . About 50% of t he rice cult iv at ion area in t he world has wat er short ages wh ich becom es
lim it ing fact ors of product ion ( Bou m an, 20 09) , hence t he need early det ect ion for drought resist ant v ariet ies wit h seed phy siological t est . The ex perim ent carry out at Laborat ory Seed
Technology and I ndust ry of Agricult ure Facult y Sy iah Kuala Univ ersit y from April t o Ju ne 2015.
The ex perim ent in split plot design 3X10 w it h 3 replicat ion and st anding roll wet paper
germ inat ion m et hod used. Am ount of 2250 seed are used for phy siological seed perform ance
t est . Wat er st ress condit ion induced wit h PEG 6000 0% ; 12.5% ; 25% . Local genot y pe and
nat ional released v ariet y of rice used in t his experim ent are Bo Sant eut , Rom ok ot , Sanbei, Pade
m as, Aweuh, I npari 16, I R 6 4, Sit u Pat enggang, and Towut i. Con cent rat ion s of Poly et hilene
Glicol 60 00 ( PEG 6 000) hav e significant effect on all phy siological param et er. Som e local rice
Aceh genot y pes pot ent ially t o be cult iv at ed on dry lands t o cope wat er st ress condit ions.
Ke y w ords: PEG 60 00, wat er st ress, rice, germ inat ion
I nt r oduct ion
Early det ect ion of genot ype / rice variet ies that are tolerant of wat er st ress need t o be done early t o
save t im e and costs. Wat er st ress induced by osm ot ikum t reat m ent using various m aterials such as
NaCl and PEG as well as ot her com pounds that can affect water potent ial solut ion t o create water
st ress condit ion. Genot ypes / variet ies wit h good physiological response under condit ions of wat er
st ress is expect ed to grow well in water st ress land. PEG 8000 at a concent rat ion of 15% has been
able to show a different response t o water st ress resist ance in rice ( Ballo et al, 2012) . PEG 6000 at
25% is effect ive for detect ing drought resistance in rice germ inated seeds ( afa et al, 2013) . t he
physiological response of local and nat ional released variet ies are used t o determ ine the resist ancy of
genot ypes and variet ies to grow in condit ions of water st ress. so t hat it can be est im at ed for chances
of genot ype and variet ies which can grow on dry land. Genot ypes and variet ies t hat are able t o m ake
osm ot ic adj ustm ent by producing various com pat ible com pounds are resist ant t o drought condit ions
( Redillas et al, 2013) .
M a t e r ia ls a nd M e t hods
Pr ocedur e
The experim ental design used is Split Plot 3 x 10 wit h 3 replicat ions. There are 2 factors st udied which
were PEG 6000 concent rat ion with 3 levels ( 0% ; 12,5% ; 25% ) as t he m ain plot s and variet ies ( Bo
Santeut , Rom okot , Sanbei, Pade Mas, Aweuh and 5 Nat ional Variet ies t hat are : I npari 16, I R 64, Sit u
Patenggang, Margasari, Towut i) as a subplot. St anding rolled wet paper germ inated seed test use in
t his experim ent which consist of 90 unit s . every unit consists of 25 seeds. The germ inat ion m et hod
used is st anding rolled wet paper seed test.
The pa r a m e t e rs obse rv ed in this st udy ar e:
1. Potent ial Seed Growt h ( PSG)
PSG ( % ) =
%
2. Germ inat ion Percent age( GP)
GP ( % ) =
3. Seed Growt h Rate ( SGR) =
( % / et m al)
4. Growing sim ultaneit y ( GS)
GS( % ) =
170
Proceedings of The 5 th Annual I nt er nat ional Conf er ence Syiah Kuala Universit y ( AI C Unsyiah) 2015
I n conj unct ion w it h The 8 th I nt ernat ional Conference of Chem ical Engineering on Science and Applicat ions ( ChESA) 2015
Sept em ber 9- 11, 2015, Banda Aceh, I ndonesia
5. T50 ( Tim e needed for 50% germ inat ion)
T50 ( days) = t i + (
) ( t j - t i)
6. Dry Weight of Norm al germ inated seed ( DWNS)
dried in oven at tem perat ure of 60C for 3 x 24 hours. Then weighed and expressed in gram s.
D a t a Ana lysis
Analysis of variance was perform ed separately for each t reatm ent and each variet y ( ANOVA). Means
were t ested by Honest y significant difference at p = 0.05 ( HSD = 0.05) .
Results a nd D iscussion
The effect PEG 6000 concent rat ion and Variet y on potent ial seed growth, germ inat ion Percent age,
seed growth rat e, growing sim ultaneit y, t im e for 50% germ inat ion and dry weight of norm al
germ inat ed seed. honest y significant difference t est use t o see significancy between level of each
fact ors as seen in table 1 below.
Ta ble 1 . Average Value of Param et ers Effect by Wat er St ress wit h PEG 6000
Tre a t m e n t
PEG 6 0 0 0
Th e pa ra m e t e rs obse r ve d
PSG ( % )
GP ( % )
SGR ( % / e t m a l)
9.88 b
9.80 c
3.75 c
Kont rol
( 97.20)
( 95.60)
( 13.60)
9.81 b
9.24 b
3.29 b
12.5%
( 96.00)
( 86.00)
( 10.59)
9.01 a
1.00 a
0.74 a
25%
( 82.93)
( 0.93)
( 0.06)
HSD 0,05
0.23
0.14
0.02
( Figures in brack et s are t he original dat a, out side t he brack et s is t he
GS
T5 0 ( D a y)
9.80 c
2.74 b
( 95.60)
( 7.00)
8.65 b
2.98 c
( 76.67)
( 8.4)
0.71 a
1.02 a
( 0)
( 1.4)
0.13
0.11
dat a t ransform at ion using t he
DW N S ( g)
0.9 a
( 0.31)
0.92 b
( 0.35)
1.00 c
( 0.51)
0.01
arc. sin√x + ½ )
Table 1 shows value of rice seed germ inat ion physiological param et ers t hat indicate t he difference due
t o t he influence of wat er st ress effect of concentrat ion of PEG 6000, affected t he physiological
perform ance of rice seed. Because of decreasing in pot ent ial water at concent rat ion of PEG 6000 0% ,
12.5% and 25% becom e -0.03, - 0,49 and - 0,99 MPa. Make lim it ing water im bibit ion in seed. these
results in accordance wit h Suardi 2010, Ballo 2012, Afa 2013 where increasing concent rat ions PEG
6000 effected lower of physiological perfom ance of rice seeds. I ncreasing concent rat ions of PEG 6000
also resulted increasing dry weight of norm al Germ inat ed seed at 12,5% PEG 6000. I n t he above table
looks at a concent rat ion of 12.5% increase in weight when com pared wit h cont rol of wit hout PEG 6000
( - 0.03 MPa). Physiological responce of wat er st ress involves several process sim ultaneously. First
response of recept ion signal st ress of water by roots or em bryos, followed by a decrease in t urgor
pressure, decreased pot ensial water and process osm ot ic adj ustm ent, it t urn t o reduce the growt h
rat e ( Lisar et al, 2013) som e of t he biochem ical process can also occur in water st ress condit ion, t he
decrease t ransien m et abolism and im port ant enzym es. act ive m et abolism of som e soluble com pound
product ion such as MDHA, Glybet, Proline and t ocoferol as well as an increase in ant i- oxidant s such as
SOD, CAT, APX, POD, GRX, MGHAR and decrease t he accum ulat ion of ROS wit h act ive ant i- oxidants.
under wat er st ress condit ion are also affected by m olecular response in t he form of gene expression –
such as a gene t hat produces ABA, LEA, DSP, RAD, Dehidrin which can affect germ inated seed
t olerance t o water st ress.
Effect of genot ype and variet y of physiological param eter of rice seed shows at table 2 below.
Table 2. Average Value of Physicological param eter of Rice Seed
Pa r a m e t e r Assist e d
Va r ie t ie s
PSG
(% )
GP
(% )
GS
( % / e t m a l)
SGR
(% )
T5 0
( Da y)
DW N S ( g)
Bo Sant eut
9.84 b
( 96.44)
6.76 c
( 63.56)
2.70 b
( 8.76)
6.64 ab
( 61.33)
2.10 a
( 4.89)
0.87 a
( 0.26)
Rom ok ot
9.91 c
( 97.78)
6.72 c
( 62.67)
2.65 b
( 8.39)
6.69 ab
( 62.22)
2.14 a
( 5.11)
0.91 b
( 0.34)
Sanbei
9.77 ab
( 95.11)
6.76 c
( 63.56)
2.66 b
( 8.53)
6.71 ab
( 62.67)
2.10 a
( 4.89)
0.94 c
( 0.38)
171
Proceedings of The 5 th Annual I nt er nat ional Conf er ence Syiah Kuala Universit y ( AI C Unsyiah) 2015
I n conj unct ion w it h The 8 th I nt ernat ional Conference of Chem ical Engineering on Science and Applicat ions ( ChESA) 2015
Sept em ber 9- 11, 2015, Banda Aceh, I ndonesia
Pade Mas
9.89 c
( 97.33)
6.59 b
( 60.44)
2.58 b
( 7.96)
6.34 ab
( 56.44)
2.14 a
( 5.11)
0.95 d
( 0.41)
Aweuh
9.84 b
( 96.44)
7.23 c
( 64.89)
2.66 b
( 8.13)
6.60 ab
( 60.44)
2.83 b
( 8.22)
0.90 b
( 0.32)
I npari 16
9.20 ab
( 85.33)
6.99 c
( 65.33)
2.77 b
( 9.13)
6.71 b
( 62.67)
2.43 a
( 6.33)
0.99 e
( 0.48)
I R 64
8.78 a
( 80.89)
6.23 ab
( 54.67)
2.50 b
( 7.54)
5.85 ab
( 48.89)
2.21 a
( 5.56)
0.96 d
( 0.42)
Sit u
Pat enggang
9.96 c
( 98.67)
6.85 c
( 62.67)
2.66 b
( 8.40)
6.66 ab
( 61.78)
2.12 a
( 5.00)
0.96 d
( 0.43)
9.57 ab
( 91.56)
8.92 ab
( 80.89)
1.01
6.89 c
( 63.56)
5.79 a
( 47.11)
0.75
2.61 b
( 8.18)
2.18 a
( 5.78)
0.30
6.40 ab
( 57.33)
5.26 a
( 40.44)
0.77
2.18 a
( 5.33)
2.21 a
( 5.56)
0.68
0.93 c
( 0.36)
0.99 e
( 0.48)
0.02
Margasari
Towut i
HSD 0.05
( Figures in brackets are t he original data, out side t he brackets is t he dat a t ransform at ion using the
arc. sin√x + ½ )
Table 3. The av erage v alue of t he pot ent ial seed grow as
effect of int eract ion bet ween t he PEG 6000 wit h
v ariet ies( % )
PEG 6 0 0 0 ( % )
Ge n ot ype / Va r ie t y
0
12,5
25
Tabel 4. The av erage v alue of t he germ inat ion
percent age due t o int eract ion bet ween t he PEG 6000
wit h v ariet ies
PEG 6 0 0 0 ( % )
Ge n ot ype / Va r ie t y
0
12.5
25
9.96 a
9.96 a
9.62 b
9.96 b
0.71 a
Bo Sant eut
( 98.67)
( 98.67)
( 92.00)
( 98.67)
( 0)
9.96 a
9.96 a
9.62 b
9.82 b
0.71 a
Rom ok ot
Rom ok ot
( 98.67)
( 98.67)
( 92.00)
( 96.00)
( 0)
9.89 a
9.61 a
9.82 b
9.75 b
0.71 a
Sanbei
Sanbei
( 97.33)
( 92.00)
( 96.00)
( 94.67)
( 0)
9.75 a
10.02a
9.82 b
9.24 b
0.71 a
Padi Em as
Pade Mas
( 94.67)
( 100)
( 96.00)
( 85.33)
( 0)
10.02a
9.60 a
9.75 b
9.75 b
2.18 a
Aweuh
Aweuh
( 100)
( 92.00)
( 94.67)
( 94.67)
( 5.33)
9.96 a
7.68 a
9.96 b
9.82 b
1.18 a
I npari 16
I npari 16
( 98.67)
( 58.67)
( 98.67)
( 96.00)
( 1.33)
9.89 a
6.49 a
9.82 b
8.17 b
0.71 a
I R 64
I R 64
( 97.33)
( 46.67)
( 96.00)
( 68.00)
( 0)
10.02a
9.96 a
10.02 c
9.33 b
1.18 a
Sit u Pat enggang
Sit u Pat enggang
( 100)
( 98.67)
( 100)
( 86.67)
( 1.33)
9.96 b
9.55 b
1.18 a
9.75 a
8.93 a
Margasari
Margasari
( 94.67)
( 80.00)
( 98.67)
( 90.67)
( 1.33)
8.91 a
7.88 a
9.62 b
7.06 b
0.71 a
Towut i
Towut i
( 80.00)
( 64.00)
( 92.00)
( 49.33)
( 0)
HSD
0.05
2.95
HSD 0.05
3.91
( Figures in brack et s are t he original dat a, out side t he brack et s is t he dat a t ransform at ion using t he arc. sin√x + ½ )
Bo Sant eut
9.62 a
( 92.00)
9.82 a
( 96.00)
9.82 a
( 96.00)
9.89 a
( 97.33)
9.89 a
( 97.33)
9.96 a
( 98.67)
9.96 a
( 98.67)
9.89 a
( 97.33)
10.02a
( 100)
9.96 a
( 98.67)
Table 6. Av erage Values of sim ult aneous growt h rat e
( SGR) due t o t he int eract ion wit h PEG 6000 wit h
v ariet ies
PEG 6 0 0 0 ( % )
Table 5. Theav erage v alue of growt h rat e due t o t he
int eract ion bet ween t he PEG 6000 wit h v ariet ies
PEG 6 0 0 0 ( % )
Ge n ot ype / Va r ie t y
Bo Sant eut
Rom ok ot
Sanbei
Pade Mas
Aweuh
I npari 16
I R 64
0
12.5
25
3.69 c
( 13.14)
3.69 c
( 13.14)
3.77 c
( 13.69)
3.74 c
( 13.48)
3.74 c
( 13.52)
3.82 c
( 14.09)
3.69 c
( 13.14)
3.54 c
( 12.03)
3.52 c
( 11.90)
3.28 b
( 10.39)
3.31 b
( 10.49)
3.71 c
( 13.30)
0.71 a
( 0)
0.71 a
( 0)
0.71 a
( 0)
0.71 a
( 0)
0.93 a
( 0.39)
0.77 a
( 0.09)
3.79 c
3.00 b
0.71 a
Ge n ot ype / Va r ie t y
Bo Sant eut
Rom ok ot
Sanbei
Padi Em as
Aweuh
I npari 16
I R 64
172
0
12.5
9.62 c
( 92.00)
9.62 c
( 92.00)
9.82 c
( 96.00)
9.82 c
( 96.00)
9.75 c
( 94.67)
9.96 c
( 98.67)
9.61 c
( 92.00)
9.75 c
( 94.67)
9.61 c
( 92.00)
8.50 b
( 73.33)
9.33 c
( 86.67)
9.47 c
( 89.33)
0.71
( 0)
0.71
( 0)
0.71
( 0)
0.71
( 0)
0.71
( 0)
0.71
( 0)
25
9.82 c
7.02 b
0.71 a
a
a
a
a
a
a
Proceedings of The 5 th Annual I nt er nat ional Conf er ence Syiah Kuala Universit y ( AI C Unsyiah) 2015
I n conj unct ion w it h The 8 th I nt ernat ional Conference of Chem ical Engineering on Science and Applicat ions ( ChESA) 2015
Sept em ber 9- 11, 2015, Banda Aceh, I ndonesia
Sit u Pat enggang
Margasari
Towut i
( 13.84)
( 8.78)
( 0)
3.79 c
( 13.90)
3.82 c
( 14.09)
3.42 b
( 11.21)
3.30 b
( 10.44)
0.77 a
( 0.09)
0.71 a
( 0)
3.69 c
( 13.08)
2.15 b
( 4.25)
0.71 a
( 0)
Sit u Pat enggang
Margasari
Towut i
( 96.00)
( 50.67)
( 0)
10.02 c
( 100)
9.96 c
( 98.67)
9.26 c
( 85.33)
8.55 b
( 73.33)
0.71 a
( 0)
0.71 a
( 0)
9.62 c
( 92.00)
5.45b
( 29.33)
0.71 a
( 0)
H SD 0 . 0 5
4 .2 7
H SD 0 . 0 5
1 .3 8
( Figures in brack et s are t he original dat a, out side t he brack et s is t he dat a t ransform at ion using t he arc. sin√x + ½ )
Table 7. The av erage v alue of t he int eract ion bet ween t he
v ariet ies and concent rat ion of PEG t o T50
PEG 6 0 0 0 ( % )
Ge n ot ype / Va r ie t y
0
12.5
25
Table 8. The Av erage v alue of dry weight of norm al
seedling( DWNS) due t o int eract ion bet ween t he
PEG 6000 wit h Variet ies
PEG 6 0 0 0 ( % )
Ge n ot ype / Va r ie t y
Bo Sant eut
2.00 a
2.33 a
3.33 a
Bo Sant eut
Rom ok ot
2.00 a
2.00 a
3.67 a
Rom ok ot
Sanbei
2.00 a
2.00 a
3.67 a
Sanbei
Pade Mas
2.00 a
2.67 a
4.00 a
Padi Em as
Aweuh
2.00 a
3.00 a
4.33 a
Aweuh
I npari 16
2.00 a
2.00 a
5.00 a
I npari 16
I R 64
2.00 a
3.00 a
5.33 b
I R 64
Sit u Pat enggang
2.00 a
2.00 a
3.33 a
Sit u Pat enggang
Margasari
2.00 a
2.00 a
6.33 b
Margasari
Towut i
2.00 a
2.67 a
3.67 a
Towut i
0
12.5
25
0.84 a
( 0.21)
0.88 a
( 0.27)
0.90 b
( 0.32)
0.91 b
( 0.34)
0.86 a
( 0.25)
0.95 b
( 0.40)
0.89 a
( 0.30)
0.92 b
( 0.34)
0.88 a
( 0.28)
0.94 b
( 0.38)
0.84 a
( 0.21)
0.90 b
( 0.31)
0.92 b
( 0.35)
0.94 b
( 0.39)
0.89 a
( 0.29)
0.96 c
( 0.43)
0.94 b
( 0.38)
0.94 b
( 0.39)
0.91 b
( 0.32)
0.98 c
( 0.47)
0 .0 6
0.93 b
( 0.36)
0.96 c
( 0.43)
1.00 c
( 0.49)
1.01 c
( 0.51)
0.96 c
( 0.42)
1.06 d
( 0.63)
1.04 d
( 0.58)
1.03 d
( 0.57)
0.99 c
( 0.47)
1.05 d
( 0.61)
H SD 0 . 0 5
H SD 0 . 0 5
3 .2 8
( Figures in brack et s are t he original dat a, out side t he brack et s is t he dat a t ransform at ion using t he arc. sin√x + ½ )
From Table 3 t o t able 8, show t hat t he increasing of PEG 6000 concent rat ion decrease t he
physiological param eter of seed test ed. Local genot ype and nat ional release variet y has various
response in int eract ion wit h concent rat ion of PEG 6000. Local Genot ype Aweuh, Sanbei, Pade Mas and
Rom okot have alm ost t he sam e perform ance. I npari 16, Sit u Pat enggang have bett er perform ance
t han ot her genot ype and variet y.
The average value of 50% germ inat ion due t o the interact ion between t he variet ies and concent rat ion
of PEG 6000. At a concent rat ion of 0% PEG 6000 all variet ies have t he sam e t im e t o reach 50%
germ inat ed seed t he sam e as at PEG 6000 25% , but at a concent rat ion of 12.5% genot ype Aweuh,
Pade m as, I R 64, Margasari, Towot i need longer t im e for T50. Genot ype Bo Sant eut , Sanbei, I npari 16
and Situ Patenggang have shorter t im e for T50. I n general, respond of Aceh local genot ype and
nat ional variet y of rice t ested have t he sam e response at 25% PEG6000. As well as incont rol. But , at
12.5 % PEG 6000. Genot ype Bo Santeut , Rom okot and Sanbei have t he sam e response which are
bet t er than ot her t wo genot ypes. For nat ional release variet y situ pat enggang inpari 16 and Margasari
have bet t er respond physiologically t o cope wat er st ress.
Variat ive responses above at genot ypes and variet y t o cope water st ress because increasing of PEG
6000 concent rat ion response different ly by genot ype and variet y depends on gene spesific response of
it s genot ype and variet y. The variet y which have gene water st ress t olerant which act ivates enzym e to
produce soluble com pound in order t o cope wat er stress ( Lisar et al, 2013). Decreasing of potent ial
water by increasing PEG 6000 increases act ivit y of NADP_ME( dependent Malic Enzym e) regulates
cellular pot ent ial hydrogen t o keep hom oeostasis ion and biosynt het ic of organic acid to keep
m em brane stabilit y and t ransport elect ron( Taiz and Zeiger, 2002)
173
Proceedings of The 5 th Annual I nt er nat ional Conf er ence Syiah Kuala Universit y ( AI C Unsyiah) 2015
I n conj unct ion w it h The 8 th I nt ernat ional Conference of Chem ical Engineering on Science and Applicat ions ( ChESA) 2015
Sept em ber 9- 11, 2015, Banda Aceh, I ndonesia
Response of concent rat ion of PEG 6000 at local genotype aceh and nat ional release variet y are sim ilar
wit h ot her research result . At oat , PEG 6000 - 0,75 MPa at 8 ° C germ inat ion cham ber increases
m edian germ inat ion t im e but decrease final germ inat ion percent age and root lengt h (Mut et al, 2010) .
PEG 6000 10% - 20% decrease m axim um germ inat ion of rice ( Yari et al, 2012) . PEG 6000 10% and
15% decrease germ inat ion percent age ( Neshad et al, 2013) . At - 1 and - 1.2 MPa decrease plum ula
lengt h and at - 1.2 m Pa germ inat ion st opped ( Toosi et al, 2014). PEG 6000 at - 1.25 for t wo days
increases MTE (Mean Tim e Germ inat ion) (Solanga et al, 2008) . PEG 6000 at 15 % decreases
germ inat ion percent age , at 30% germ inat ion of tom at o seed st opped ( li et al, 2014).
Conclusions
Aceh local genot ypes were t ested and nat ional variet ies have different responses t o water st ress.
From t he physiological response of genot ypes/ variet ies tested, there are several variet ies and
genot ypes will able t o survive in condit ions of wat er st ress. A Sanbei local genot ype and Pade Mas,
and Situ Patenggang variet ies have bet t er physiological response wit h increased wat er st ress induced
by increased concent rat ions of peg 6000.
Re fe re n ce s
Afa, L. O. Bam bang, S. Purwok o, Junaedi, A., Haridj aj a, O. Dewi I . S. 2012. Est im at ion of Dr ought Tolerance of
Hy brid Rice wit h poly et hy lene gly cols ( PEG) 6000. J. Agriv igor 11( 2) : 292 - 299, I SSN 1412- 22 86.
Afa, L. O., Purwok o, B.S., Junaedi, A., Haridj aj a, O. dan Dewi, S. I . 2013. Early det ect ion of t he Drought Toleran ce
of Hy brid Rice using PEG 6000. J. Agron. I ndonesia. 4 1 ( 1) : 9- 15.
Ballo, M., Ar N.S., Pandiangan D., Mant iri F.R., Morphological response of Som e Rice Variet ies ( Ory za sat iv a L.) t o
Drought in t he germ inat ion phase. J. BI OSLOGOS, VOL. 2 NO. 2 : 88- 95
Boum an, B.A.M., 2009. How m uch wat er does r ice use. Rice Today , 8: 29.
I ch san, M. 2013. Charact er ist ics of Seeds Viabilit y of Som e Aceh genot y pe and Nat ional Variet y of Rice.
Undergraduat e Thesis, Agricu lt ural Facult y , Sy iah Kuala Univ ersit y . Banda Aceh. 68 P.
I PPC. 2007 Clim at e Change 2007 : Sy nt hesis Report , Cont r ibut ion of Work ing Groups I , I I and I I I t o t he Fou rt h
Assessm ent Report of t he I nt ergov ernm ent al Panel on Clim at e Chang [ Core Writ ing Team , Pachauri RK,
Reisinger A ( Eds) ] . I PPC: Genev a, Swit zerland, 104p.
Lam bers, H., Ch spin F. S. I I I and Pons, T. L., 20 08. Plan Phy siological Ecology . Speinger. New York . 3 ( 4) : 599.
Lisar, S. Y. S., Mot afak k erazad, R., Hossain, M. M. and I sm ail Rahm an, M. M. 2014. Wat er St res in Plant s: Causes,
Effect s and Responses. I nt echopen, 1- 14 .
Li, H., X. Li, D. Zhang, H. Liu, K. Guan. 2013. Efeect Of Drought St ress On Seed Germ inat ion And Early
Germ inat ed seed Growt h Of The Endem ic Deser t Plant Erem ospart on songoricu m ( Fabaceae) . EXCLI
Journal: 12 : 89- 101 .
Mut , Z., H. Ak ay . 2010. Effect of seed size and drought st ress on germ inat ion and germ inat ed seed growt h of
Nak ed oat ( Av ena sat iv a L.) . Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 16: 459- 46 7.
Nawaz, J., M. Hu sein, A. Jabbar, G. A. Nadeem , M. Saj id, M. Subt ain, I . Shabbir. 2013 . Seed Prim ing A Technique.
I JACS, 6- 2 0/ 1373 - 1381
Nezhad, R. R., G. Mirzaei, S. G. Shoork aei, F. S. Shahm iri, 2013. The Effect s of Prim ing On Som e Qualit ies of Seed
Germ inat ion. I JACS : 5- 22/ 2732- 2735
Redillas, M.C.F.R., Park , S. H., Lee J. W. , Kim , Y. S., Jeong, J. S., Jung, H., Bang, S.W ., Hahn, T.R., and Kim ,
J. K. 2011. Accum ulat ion of t rehalose increases soluble sug ar cont ent s in rice plant s conferring t olerance
t o drought and salt st res, Korean Societ y for Plant Biot echnology and Springer : 10.1007/ s118 16- 01 10210- 3
Soulange, J. C., M. Lev ant ard. 2008. Com parat iv e St udies of Seed Prim ing and Pellet ing on Percen t age and
Meant im e t o Ger m inat ion of Seeds of Tom at o ( Ly coper sicon Esculent u m Mill. ) .African Ju rnal of Agricult ural
Research Vol. 3( 10) : 725- 731.
Suardi, D. 20 02. Relat ion of Rice Root ing t o Drought Toleran ce and y ield. J. I ndonesian Research And Dev elopm en t
Of Minist ry Of Agricult ure, 21 ( 3) : 10 0- 108.
Taiz, L. dan Zeiger, E. 2002. Plant Phy siology . Third Edit ion. Sinauer Associat es, in c., Publisher s. 622 p.
Toosi, A. B., B. B. Bak ar, M. Azizi. 2014 . Effect of Drought St ress by Using PEG 6000 on Germ inat ion and
Germ inat ed seed Growt h of Brassica j un cea Var. Ensabi. Scient ific Paper Series A agronom y : Vol: 57.
Yari, L., A. Zarey an, F. Hasani, H. Sadeghi, S. Sheidaie. 2012. Germ inat ion and Germ inat ed seed Grow t h as
Affect ed by Presowing PEG Seed Treat m ent in ( Ory za sat iv a L.) . TJEAS Journal : 425- 429 .
174
I n conj unct ion w it h The 8 th I nt ernat ional Conference of Chem ical Engineering on Science and Applicat ions ( ChESA) 2015
Sept em ber 9- 11, 2015, Banda Aceh, I ndonesia
Physiologica l Se e d Pe r for m a nce of Loca l Ace h a nd N a t iona l
Re le a se Va r ie t y of Rice ( Or yz a sa t iva L.) t o W a t e r St r e ss
1
Cut Nur I chsan, 1 Bakht iar, 1 Efendi, and
1*
Sabarudin
1
Depart m ent of Agrot echnology, Facult y of Agricult ure, Syiah Kuala Universit y, Darussalam ,
Banda Aceh 23111, I ndonesia;
* Corresponding Aut hor: [email protected]
Abst ra ct
Global warm ing causes changes in rainfall pat t erns causing lack of wat er for cult iv at ion ( I PPC,
2007) . About 50% of t he rice cult iv at ion area in t he world has wat er short ages wh ich becom es
lim it ing fact ors of product ion ( Bou m an, 20 09) , hence t he need early det ect ion for drought resist ant v ariet ies wit h seed phy siological t est . The ex perim ent carry out at Laborat ory Seed
Technology and I ndust ry of Agricult ure Facult y Sy iah Kuala Univ ersit y from April t o Ju ne 2015.
The ex perim ent in split plot design 3X10 w it h 3 replicat ion and st anding roll wet paper
germ inat ion m et hod used. Am ount of 2250 seed are used for phy siological seed perform ance
t est . Wat er st ress condit ion induced wit h PEG 6000 0% ; 12.5% ; 25% . Local genot y pe and
nat ional released v ariet y of rice used in t his experim ent are Bo Sant eut , Rom ok ot , Sanbei, Pade
m as, Aweuh, I npari 16, I R 6 4, Sit u Pat enggang, and Towut i. Con cent rat ion s of Poly et hilene
Glicol 60 00 ( PEG 6 000) hav e significant effect on all phy siological param et er. Som e local rice
Aceh genot y pes pot ent ially t o be cult iv at ed on dry lands t o cope wat er st ress condit ions.
Ke y w ords: PEG 60 00, wat er st ress, rice, germ inat ion
I nt r oduct ion
Early det ect ion of genot ype / rice variet ies that are tolerant of wat er st ress need t o be done early t o
save t im e and costs. Wat er st ress induced by osm ot ikum t reat m ent using various m aterials such as
NaCl and PEG as well as ot her com pounds that can affect water potent ial solut ion t o create water
st ress condit ion. Genot ypes / variet ies wit h good physiological response under condit ions of wat er
st ress is expect ed to grow well in water st ress land. PEG 8000 at a concent rat ion of 15% has been
able to show a different response t o water st ress resist ance in rice ( Ballo et al, 2012) . PEG 6000 at
25% is effect ive for detect ing drought resistance in rice germ inated seeds ( afa et al, 2013) . t he
physiological response of local and nat ional released variet ies are used t o determ ine the resist ancy of
genot ypes and variet ies to grow in condit ions of water st ress. so t hat it can be est im at ed for chances
of genot ype and variet ies which can grow on dry land. Genot ypes and variet ies t hat are able t o m ake
osm ot ic adj ustm ent by producing various com pat ible com pounds are resist ant t o drought condit ions
( Redillas et al, 2013) .
M a t e r ia ls a nd M e t hods
Pr ocedur e
The experim ental design used is Split Plot 3 x 10 wit h 3 replicat ions. There are 2 factors st udied which
were PEG 6000 concent rat ion with 3 levels ( 0% ; 12,5% ; 25% ) as t he m ain plot s and variet ies ( Bo
Santeut , Rom okot , Sanbei, Pade Mas, Aweuh and 5 Nat ional Variet ies t hat are : I npari 16, I R 64, Sit u
Patenggang, Margasari, Towut i) as a subplot. St anding rolled wet paper germ inated seed test use in
t his experim ent which consist of 90 unit s . every unit consists of 25 seeds. The germ inat ion m et hod
used is st anding rolled wet paper seed test.
The pa r a m e t e rs obse rv ed in this st udy ar e:
1. Potent ial Seed Growt h ( PSG)
PSG ( % ) =
%
2. Germ inat ion Percent age( GP)
GP ( % ) =
3. Seed Growt h Rate ( SGR) =
( % / et m al)
4. Growing sim ultaneit y ( GS)
GS( % ) =
170
Proceedings of The 5 th Annual I nt er nat ional Conf er ence Syiah Kuala Universit y ( AI C Unsyiah) 2015
I n conj unct ion w it h The 8 th I nt ernat ional Conference of Chem ical Engineering on Science and Applicat ions ( ChESA) 2015
Sept em ber 9- 11, 2015, Banda Aceh, I ndonesia
5. T50 ( Tim e needed for 50% germ inat ion)
T50 ( days) = t i + (
) ( t j - t i)
6. Dry Weight of Norm al germ inated seed ( DWNS)
dried in oven at tem perat ure of 60C for 3 x 24 hours. Then weighed and expressed in gram s.
D a t a Ana lysis
Analysis of variance was perform ed separately for each t reatm ent and each variet y ( ANOVA). Means
were t ested by Honest y significant difference at p = 0.05 ( HSD = 0.05) .
Results a nd D iscussion
The effect PEG 6000 concent rat ion and Variet y on potent ial seed growth, germ inat ion Percent age,
seed growth rat e, growing sim ultaneit y, t im e for 50% germ inat ion and dry weight of norm al
germ inat ed seed. honest y significant difference t est use t o see significancy between level of each
fact ors as seen in table 1 below.
Ta ble 1 . Average Value of Param et ers Effect by Wat er St ress wit h PEG 6000
Tre a t m e n t
PEG 6 0 0 0
Th e pa ra m e t e rs obse r ve d
PSG ( % )
GP ( % )
SGR ( % / e t m a l)
9.88 b
9.80 c
3.75 c
Kont rol
( 97.20)
( 95.60)
( 13.60)
9.81 b
9.24 b
3.29 b
12.5%
( 96.00)
( 86.00)
( 10.59)
9.01 a
1.00 a
0.74 a
25%
( 82.93)
( 0.93)
( 0.06)
HSD 0,05
0.23
0.14
0.02
( Figures in brack et s are t he original dat a, out side t he brack et s is t he
GS
T5 0 ( D a y)
9.80 c
2.74 b
( 95.60)
( 7.00)
8.65 b
2.98 c
( 76.67)
( 8.4)
0.71 a
1.02 a
( 0)
( 1.4)
0.13
0.11
dat a t ransform at ion using t he
DW N S ( g)
0.9 a
( 0.31)
0.92 b
( 0.35)
1.00 c
( 0.51)
0.01
arc. sin√x + ½ )
Table 1 shows value of rice seed germ inat ion physiological param et ers t hat indicate t he difference due
t o t he influence of wat er st ress effect of concentrat ion of PEG 6000, affected t he physiological
perform ance of rice seed. Because of decreasing in pot ent ial water at concent rat ion of PEG 6000 0% ,
12.5% and 25% becom e -0.03, - 0,49 and - 0,99 MPa. Make lim it ing water im bibit ion in seed. these
results in accordance wit h Suardi 2010, Ballo 2012, Afa 2013 where increasing concent rat ions PEG
6000 effected lower of physiological perfom ance of rice seeds. I ncreasing concent rat ions of PEG 6000
also resulted increasing dry weight of norm al Germ inat ed seed at 12,5% PEG 6000. I n t he above table
looks at a concent rat ion of 12.5% increase in weight when com pared wit h cont rol of wit hout PEG 6000
( - 0.03 MPa). Physiological responce of wat er st ress involves several process sim ultaneously. First
response of recept ion signal st ress of water by roots or em bryos, followed by a decrease in t urgor
pressure, decreased pot ensial water and process osm ot ic adj ustm ent, it t urn t o reduce the growt h
rat e ( Lisar et al, 2013) som e of t he biochem ical process can also occur in water st ress condit ion, t he
decrease t ransien m et abolism and im port ant enzym es. act ive m et abolism of som e soluble com pound
product ion such as MDHA, Glybet, Proline and t ocoferol as well as an increase in ant i- oxidant s such as
SOD, CAT, APX, POD, GRX, MGHAR and decrease t he accum ulat ion of ROS wit h act ive ant i- oxidants.
under wat er st ress condit ion are also affected by m olecular response in t he form of gene expression –
such as a gene t hat produces ABA, LEA, DSP, RAD, Dehidrin which can affect germ inated seed
t olerance t o water st ress.
Effect of genot ype and variet y of physiological param eter of rice seed shows at table 2 below.
Table 2. Average Value of Physicological param eter of Rice Seed
Pa r a m e t e r Assist e d
Va r ie t ie s
PSG
(% )
GP
(% )
GS
( % / e t m a l)
SGR
(% )
T5 0
( Da y)
DW N S ( g)
Bo Sant eut
9.84 b
( 96.44)
6.76 c
( 63.56)
2.70 b
( 8.76)
6.64 ab
( 61.33)
2.10 a
( 4.89)
0.87 a
( 0.26)
Rom ok ot
9.91 c
( 97.78)
6.72 c
( 62.67)
2.65 b
( 8.39)
6.69 ab
( 62.22)
2.14 a
( 5.11)
0.91 b
( 0.34)
Sanbei
9.77 ab
( 95.11)
6.76 c
( 63.56)
2.66 b
( 8.53)
6.71 ab
( 62.67)
2.10 a
( 4.89)
0.94 c
( 0.38)
171
Proceedings of The 5 th Annual I nt er nat ional Conf er ence Syiah Kuala Universit y ( AI C Unsyiah) 2015
I n conj unct ion w it h The 8 th I nt ernat ional Conference of Chem ical Engineering on Science and Applicat ions ( ChESA) 2015
Sept em ber 9- 11, 2015, Banda Aceh, I ndonesia
Pade Mas
9.89 c
( 97.33)
6.59 b
( 60.44)
2.58 b
( 7.96)
6.34 ab
( 56.44)
2.14 a
( 5.11)
0.95 d
( 0.41)
Aweuh
9.84 b
( 96.44)
7.23 c
( 64.89)
2.66 b
( 8.13)
6.60 ab
( 60.44)
2.83 b
( 8.22)
0.90 b
( 0.32)
I npari 16
9.20 ab
( 85.33)
6.99 c
( 65.33)
2.77 b
( 9.13)
6.71 b
( 62.67)
2.43 a
( 6.33)
0.99 e
( 0.48)
I R 64
8.78 a
( 80.89)
6.23 ab
( 54.67)
2.50 b
( 7.54)
5.85 ab
( 48.89)
2.21 a
( 5.56)
0.96 d
( 0.42)
Sit u
Pat enggang
9.96 c
( 98.67)
6.85 c
( 62.67)
2.66 b
( 8.40)
6.66 ab
( 61.78)
2.12 a
( 5.00)
0.96 d
( 0.43)
9.57 ab
( 91.56)
8.92 ab
( 80.89)
1.01
6.89 c
( 63.56)
5.79 a
( 47.11)
0.75
2.61 b
( 8.18)
2.18 a
( 5.78)
0.30
6.40 ab
( 57.33)
5.26 a
( 40.44)
0.77
2.18 a
( 5.33)
2.21 a
( 5.56)
0.68
0.93 c
( 0.36)
0.99 e
( 0.48)
0.02
Margasari
Towut i
HSD 0.05
( Figures in brackets are t he original data, out side t he brackets is t he dat a t ransform at ion using the
arc. sin√x + ½ )
Table 3. The av erage v alue of t he pot ent ial seed grow as
effect of int eract ion bet ween t he PEG 6000 wit h
v ariet ies( % )
PEG 6 0 0 0 ( % )
Ge n ot ype / Va r ie t y
0
12,5
25
Tabel 4. The av erage v alue of t he germ inat ion
percent age due t o int eract ion bet ween t he PEG 6000
wit h v ariet ies
PEG 6 0 0 0 ( % )
Ge n ot ype / Va r ie t y
0
12.5
25
9.96 a
9.96 a
9.62 b
9.96 b
0.71 a
Bo Sant eut
( 98.67)
( 98.67)
( 92.00)
( 98.67)
( 0)
9.96 a
9.96 a
9.62 b
9.82 b
0.71 a
Rom ok ot
Rom ok ot
( 98.67)
( 98.67)
( 92.00)
( 96.00)
( 0)
9.89 a
9.61 a
9.82 b
9.75 b
0.71 a
Sanbei
Sanbei
( 97.33)
( 92.00)
( 96.00)
( 94.67)
( 0)
9.75 a
10.02a
9.82 b
9.24 b
0.71 a
Padi Em as
Pade Mas
( 94.67)
( 100)
( 96.00)
( 85.33)
( 0)
10.02a
9.60 a
9.75 b
9.75 b
2.18 a
Aweuh
Aweuh
( 100)
( 92.00)
( 94.67)
( 94.67)
( 5.33)
9.96 a
7.68 a
9.96 b
9.82 b
1.18 a
I npari 16
I npari 16
( 98.67)
( 58.67)
( 98.67)
( 96.00)
( 1.33)
9.89 a
6.49 a
9.82 b
8.17 b
0.71 a
I R 64
I R 64
( 97.33)
( 46.67)
( 96.00)
( 68.00)
( 0)
10.02a
9.96 a
10.02 c
9.33 b
1.18 a
Sit u Pat enggang
Sit u Pat enggang
( 100)
( 98.67)
( 100)
( 86.67)
( 1.33)
9.96 b
9.55 b
1.18 a
9.75 a
8.93 a
Margasari
Margasari
( 94.67)
( 80.00)
( 98.67)
( 90.67)
( 1.33)
8.91 a
7.88 a
9.62 b
7.06 b
0.71 a
Towut i
Towut i
( 80.00)
( 64.00)
( 92.00)
( 49.33)
( 0)
HSD
0.05
2.95
HSD 0.05
3.91
( Figures in brack et s are t he original dat a, out side t he brack et s is t he dat a t ransform at ion using t he arc. sin√x + ½ )
Bo Sant eut
9.62 a
( 92.00)
9.82 a
( 96.00)
9.82 a
( 96.00)
9.89 a
( 97.33)
9.89 a
( 97.33)
9.96 a
( 98.67)
9.96 a
( 98.67)
9.89 a
( 97.33)
10.02a
( 100)
9.96 a
( 98.67)
Table 6. Av erage Values of sim ult aneous growt h rat e
( SGR) due t o t he int eract ion wit h PEG 6000 wit h
v ariet ies
PEG 6 0 0 0 ( % )
Table 5. Theav erage v alue of growt h rat e due t o t he
int eract ion bet ween t he PEG 6000 wit h v ariet ies
PEG 6 0 0 0 ( % )
Ge n ot ype / Va r ie t y
Bo Sant eut
Rom ok ot
Sanbei
Pade Mas
Aweuh
I npari 16
I R 64
0
12.5
25
3.69 c
( 13.14)
3.69 c
( 13.14)
3.77 c
( 13.69)
3.74 c
( 13.48)
3.74 c
( 13.52)
3.82 c
( 14.09)
3.69 c
( 13.14)
3.54 c
( 12.03)
3.52 c
( 11.90)
3.28 b
( 10.39)
3.31 b
( 10.49)
3.71 c
( 13.30)
0.71 a
( 0)
0.71 a
( 0)
0.71 a
( 0)
0.71 a
( 0)
0.93 a
( 0.39)
0.77 a
( 0.09)
3.79 c
3.00 b
0.71 a
Ge n ot ype / Va r ie t y
Bo Sant eut
Rom ok ot
Sanbei
Padi Em as
Aweuh
I npari 16
I R 64
172
0
12.5
9.62 c
( 92.00)
9.62 c
( 92.00)
9.82 c
( 96.00)
9.82 c
( 96.00)
9.75 c
( 94.67)
9.96 c
( 98.67)
9.61 c
( 92.00)
9.75 c
( 94.67)
9.61 c
( 92.00)
8.50 b
( 73.33)
9.33 c
( 86.67)
9.47 c
( 89.33)
0.71
( 0)
0.71
( 0)
0.71
( 0)
0.71
( 0)
0.71
( 0)
0.71
( 0)
25
9.82 c
7.02 b
0.71 a
a
a
a
a
a
a
Proceedings of The 5 th Annual I nt er nat ional Conf er ence Syiah Kuala Universit y ( AI C Unsyiah) 2015
I n conj unct ion w it h The 8 th I nt ernat ional Conference of Chem ical Engineering on Science and Applicat ions ( ChESA) 2015
Sept em ber 9- 11, 2015, Banda Aceh, I ndonesia
Sit u Pat enggang
Margasari
Towut i
( 13.84)
( 8.78)
( 0)
3.79 c
( 13.90)
3.82 c
( 14.09)
3.42 b
( 11.21)
3.30 b
( 10.44)
0.77 a
( 0.09)
0.71 a
( 0)
3.69 c
( 13.08)
2.15 b
( 4.25)
0.71 a
( 0)
Sit u Pat enggang
Margasari
Towut i
( 96.00)
( 50.67)
( 0)
10.02 c
( 100)
9.96 c
( 98.67)
9.26 c
( 85.33)
8.55 b
( 73.33)
0.71 a
( 0)
0.71 a
( 0)
9.62 c
( 92.00)
5.45b
( 29.33)
0.71 a
( 0)
H SD 0 . 0 5
4 .2 7
H SD 0 . 0 5
1 .3 8
( Figures in brack et s are t he original dat a, out side t he brack et s is t he dat a t ransform at ion using t he arc. sin√x + ½ )
Table 7. The av erage v alue of t he int eract ion bet ween t he
v ariet ies and concent rat ion of PEG t o T50
PEG 6 0 0 0 ( % )
Ge n ot ype / Va r ie t y
0
12.5
25
Table 8. The Av erage v alue of dry weight of norm al
seedling( DWNS) due t o int eract ion bet ween t he
PEG 6000 wit h Variet ies
PEG 6 0 0 0 ( % )
Ge n ot ype / Va r ie t y
Bo Sant eut
2.00 a
2.33 a
3.33 a
Bo Sant eut
Rom ok ot
2.00 a
2.00 a
3.67 a
Rom ok ot
Sanbei
2.00 a
2.00 a
3.67 a
Sanbei
Pade Mas
2.00 a
2.67 a
4.00 a
Padi Em as
Aweuh
2.00 a
3.00 a
4.33 a
Aweuh
I npari 16
2.00 a
2.00 a
5.00 a
I npari 16
I R 64
2.00 a
3.00 a
5.33 b
I R 64
Sit u Pat enggang
2.00 a
2.00 a
3.33 a
Sit u Pat enggang
Margasari
2.00 a
2.00 a
6.33 b
Margasari
Towut i
2.00 a
2.67 a
3.67 a
Towut i
0
12.5
25
0.84 a
( 0.21)
0.88 a
( 0.27)
0.90 b
( 0.32)
0.91 b
( 0.34)
0.86 a
( 0.25)
0.95 b
( 0.40)
0.89 a
( 0.30)
0.92 b
( 0.34)
0.88 a
( 0.28)
0.94 b
( 0.38)
0.84 a
( 0.21)
0.90 b
( 0.31)
0.92 b
( 0.35)
0.94 b
( 0.39)
0.89 a
( 0.29)
0.96 c
( 0.43)
0.94 b
( 0.38)
0.94 b
( 0.39)
0.91 b
( 0.32)
0.98 c
( 0.47)
0 .0 6
0.93 b
( 0.36)
0.96 c
( 0.43)
1.00 c
( 0.49)
1.01 c
( 0.51)
0.96 c
( 0.42)
1.06 d
( 0.63)
1.04 d
( 0.58)
1.03 d
( 0.57)
0.99 c
( 0.47)
1.05 d
( 0.61)
H SD 0 . 0 5
H SD 0 . 0 5
3 .2 8
( Figures in brack et s are t he original dat a, out side t he brack et s is t he dat a t ransform at ion using t he arc. sin√x + ½ )
From Table 3 t o t able 8, show t hat t he increasing of PEG 6000 concent rat ion decrease t he
physiological param eter of seed test ed. Local genot ype and nat ional release variet y has various
response in int eract ion wit h concent rat ion of PEG 6000. Local Genot ype Aweuh, Sanbei, Pade Mas and
Rom okot have alm ost t he sam e perform ance. I npari 16, Sit u Pat enggang have bett er perform ance
t han ot her genot ype and variet y.
The average value of 50% germ inat ion due t o the interact ion between t he variet ies and concent rat ion
of PEG 6000. At a concent rat ion of 0% PEG 6000 all variet ies have t he sam e t im e t o reach 50%
germ inat ed seed t he sam e as at PEG 6000 25% , but at a concent rat ion of 12.5% genot ype Aweuh,
Pade m as, I R 64, Margasari, Towot i need longer t im e for T50. Genot ype Bo Sant eut , Sanbei, I npari 16
and Situ Patenggang have shorter t im e for T50. I n general, respond of Aceh local genot ype and
nat ional variet y of rice t ested have t he sam e response at 25% PEG6000. As well as incont rol. But , at
12.5 % PEG 6000. Genot ype Bo Santeut , Rom okot and Sanbei have t he sam e response which are
bet t er than ot her t wo genot ypes. For nat ional release variet y situ pat enggang inpari 16 and Margasari
have bet t er respond physiologically t o cope wat er st ress.
Variat ive responses above at genot ypes and variet y t o cope water st ress because increasing of PEG
6000 concent rat ion response different ly by genot ype and variet y depends on gene spesific response of
it s genot ype and variet y. The variet y which have gene water st ress t olerant which act ivates enzym e to
produce soluble com pound in order t o cope wat er stress ( Lisar et al, 2013). Decreasing of potent ial
water by increasing PEG 6000 increases act ivit y of NADP_ME( dependent Malic Enzym e) regulates
cellular pot ent ial hydrogen t o keep hom oeostasis ion and biosynt het ic of organic acid to keep
m em brane stabilit y and t ransport elect ron( Taiz and Zeiger, 2002)
173
Proceedings of The 5 th Annual I nt er nat ional Conf er ence Syiah Kuala Universit y ( AI C Unsyiah) 2015
I n conj unct ion w it h The 8 th I nt ernat ional Conference of Chem ical Engineering on Science and Applicat ions ( ChESA) 2015
Sept em ber 9- 11, 2015, Banda Aceh, I ndonesia
Response of concent rat ion of PEG 6000 at local genotype aceh and nat ional release variet y are sim ilar
wit h ot her research result . At oat , PEG 6000 - 0,75 MPa at 8 ° C germ inat ion cham ber increases
m edian germ inat ion t im e but decrease final germ inat ion percent age and root lengt h (Mut et al, 2010) .
PEG 6000 10% - 20% decrease m axim um germ inat ion of rice ( Yari et al, 2012) . PEG 6000 10% and
15% decrease germ inat ion percent age ( Neshad et al, 2013) . At - 1 and - 1.2 MPa decrease plum ula
lengt h and at - 1.2 m Pa germ inat ion st opped ( Toosi et al, 2014). PEG 6000 at - 1.25 for t wo days
increases MTE (Mean Tim e Germ inat ion) (Solanga et al, 2008) . PEG 6000 at 15 % decreases
germ inat ion percent age , at 30% germ inat ion of tom at o seed st opped ( li et al, 2014).
Conclusions
Aceh local genot ypes were t ested and nat ional variet ies have different responses t o water st ress.
From t he physiological response of genot ypes/ variet ies tested, there are several variet ies and
genot ypes will able t o survive in condit ions of wat er st ress. A Sanbei local genot ype and Pade Mas,
and Situ Patenggang variet ies have bet t er physiological response wit h increased wat er st ress induced
by increased concent rat ions of peg 6000.
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