IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SKILLS IN WRITING PROCEDURE TEXTS BY USING PICTURE SERIES FOR THE SEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMP N 3 MERTOYUDAN IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2013/2014.

IMPROVING STUDENTS SKILLS IN WRITING PROCEDURE

TEXTS BY USING PICTURE SERIES FOR THE SEVENTH GRADE

STUDENTS OF SMP N 3 MERTOYUDAN IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF
2013/2014

A Thesis
Presented as partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the attainment of the Sarjana Pendidikan Degree
in the English Language Education

By:
Eka Febriani
07202244029

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
YOGYAKARTA STATE UNIVERSITY
2014

DEDICATIONS

This thesis is fully dedicated to my beloved parents (Mr. Minto
Wibowo and Mrs. Suhartini) for their prayers, supports, and
long lasting love.

v

MOTTOS

Therefore remember me, I will remember you, and be thankful to me, and do
not be ungrateful to me.
( Al- Baqarah 152 )
"Health, happiness and success depend upon the fighting spirit of each

person. The big thing is not what happens to us in life - but what we do
about what happens to us." ( George Allen )
It is hard to fail, but it is worse never to have tried to succeed.
( Theodore Roosevelt )

vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Alhamdulillah, praises to be Allah SWT, the Almighty, the Compassionate

and the most Merciful, who was given me blessings, so that I can finish this
thesis. Invocation also goes to Muhammad SAW, the Prophet, and his families.
May Allah bless them and give them peace.

I would like to express my greatest gratitude and appreciation to my first

supervisor Dr. Agus Widyantoro, M.Pd who is very kind-hearted man in guiding
me to finish this research. I wish he is always in good condition. The next
gratitude goes to my second supervisor Mrs. Siti Sudartini, M.A who has given

me support, helpfull feedback and patience in writing this thesis. I would also like
to express my great gratitude to B. Yuniar Diyanti, M.Hum as my academic
consultant, who has patiently guided me in studying at English Education
Department of Yogyakarta University.

I also would like to thank the headmistress of SMP N 3 Mertoyudan, Dra.

Nanik Istantri Nugrahantini, M.Pd for giving me permission to conduct my
research there. My next gratitude goes to the English teacher, Sri Hidayati, S.Pd.
I thank for her valuable suggestion and help in doing the research. Then, I would

like to thank the class of VII C in the academic year of 2013/2014 for their
cooperation during the data collection.

My sincerest gratitude goes to my dearest parents mama and papa, for

their prayers and loves to support me in finishing my research. I hope that

someday I can make them proud of me. My special thanks are also goes to my big

family ( Ibu Darmo, De Bagus, De Indah, Bude Sis, Tante Nung, Pakde Heri, Om
Taat, Mbak Nindy, De Rita, De Rian and De Ria ). My gratitude also goes to my

beloved M.Dzulkifli, thanks for your supports and loves.

I also would like to thank All my friends ( Christina, Mb Indah, Mb Ida,

Lina, Essy, Dias, Dede, Rere, Lani, Tyara, Dwi, Anyash, and to my classmates in
H class 07 ) who have given me supports and helps. Thank you friends for your
wishes, blessings, cares, loves and for the day we ve been through together.

vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER

Page

.............. i

APPROVAL

.......... ii

RATIFICATION

............iii

DEDICATION

...........v

DECLARATION

........... iv

MOTTOS

........... vi

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

............. vii

LIST OF TABLES

.............xi

LIST OF APPENDICES

............xiii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

...........viii

LIST OF FIGURES

........... xii

ABSTRACT

...........xiv

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION.................................................................... 1

A. Background of the Study..........................................................................1

B. Identification of the Study....................................................................... 5

C. Limitation of the Problem........................................................................ 7
D. Formulation of the Problem..................................................................... 7

E. Objective of the Research........................................................................ 7
F. Significances of the Research.................................................................. 8
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW AND

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK.................................................................. 9

A. LITERATURE REVIEW.........................................................................9
1. English Language Teaching and

Learning..............................................................................................9

2. Teaching and Learning Writing......................................................... 11

a. The Nature of Writing.................................................................. 11
b. Aspects of Writing Process.......................................................... 13
ix

c. Micro Skills of Writing................................................................ 14
d. Process of Writing........................................................................ 15

e. Teaching Writing..........................................................................17
f.

The Techniques of Teaching Writing................................................... 17

g. The Roles of Teacher in Teaching Writing.................................. 19
h. Approaches to Teach Writing...................................................... 21

3. Teaching Writing to Junior High School........................................... 23

a. The characteristics of the students of Junior High Schools..........23

b. Strategies to Teach Writing in Junior High School..................... 26

c. SK and KD ( Basic Competence and Standard of

Competence )............................................................................... 27

d. The Role of Media ...................................................................... 28
e. The Kinds of Media .................................................................... 29
f. Picture Series ...............................................................................33

4. Text.....................................................................................................37

a. Definition of text.......................................................................... 37
b. Text types..................................................................................... 38

5. Procedure in Teaching Writing of Procedure Text using

Pictures............................................................................................... 39

B. Relevant Studies....................................................................................... 41
C. Conceptual Framework............................................................................ 42
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD........................................................ 45

A. Type of the Research................................................................................ 45

B. The Setting of the research....................................................................... 46
C. The Subjects of the Research................................................................... 47
D. Time of the Research................................................................................47

E. Instrument of the Research.......................................................................48

F. Data Collection Techniques..................................................................... 48
G. Data Analysis Techniques........................................................................ 49

H. Data Validity and Reliability....................................................................52
x

I. Research Procedures.................................................................................55
J. Tests..........................................................................................................57
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION.................... 58

A. Research Findings.................................................................................... 58

1. Reconnaissance................................................................................ 58

2. Determining the Urgent Problems to Solve....................................... 63

3. Determining Some Actions to Overcome the Field Problems........... 64

B. Implementation of Cycle I...................................................................... 66
1. Planning............................................................................................. 66

2. Action and Observation.................................................................... 67

3. Reflection......................................................................................... 69
4. Summary........................................................................................... 74

C. Implementation of Cycle II..................................................................... 78
1. Planning............................................................................................ 79

2. Action and Observation.................................................................... 81

3. Reflection.......................................................................................... 87
4. Summary........................................................................................... 91

D. Students writing score............................................................................ 91
E. Discussion............................................................................................... 93
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS,

AND SUGGESTIONS................................................................................... 96

A. Conclusions.............................................................................................. 97

B. Implications.............................................................................................. 97
C. Suggestions........ ...................................................................................99

REFERENCES.............................................................................................. 100

APPENDICES ............................................................................................. 102

xi

LIST OF FIGURES
Page

Figure 1

Stages of Teaching and Learning cycle................................... 46

Figure 3

The Text Written in Cycle 2.................................................. 189

Figure 2
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9

The Text Written in Cycle 1................................................... 197
The Text Written in The Pre-Test.......................................... 199
The Text Written in The Post-Test........................................ 200
The Text Written in Cycle 1.................................................. 201
The Text Written in Cycle 2.................................................. 202
The Text Written in The Pre-Test.......................................... 203
The Text Written in The Post-Test........................................ 204

xii

LIST OF TABLE
Page

Table 1

The standard of competence and basic competence in

Table 2

Data collection techniques..................................................... 49

Table 3
Table 4
Table 5
Table 6
Table 7
Table 8
Table 9

Table 10
Table 11
Table 12
Table 13
Table 14
Table 15

writing for grade VII.............................................................. 28
The scoring rubric of students writing.................................. 50
The conversion table of students writing.............................

52

The more urgent problems found in class VII C..................

64

The field problems in class VII C.......................................... 62
The most feasible problems of the English writing..............
The differerence in writing teaching and learning process

during Cycle I and Cycle II...................................................
The Students Mean Score in The 1 Meeting in Cycle I....
st

66
95

206

The Students Mean Score in The 2nd Meeting in Cycle I.... 207
The Students Mean Score in The 1st Meeting in Cycle II.... 208
The Students Mean Score in The 2nd Meeting in Cycle II.... 209
The Students Mean Score in The Pre-Test........................... 210
The Students Mean Score in The Post-Test......................... 211

xiii

LIST OF APPENDICES

Page

A. Field Notes ........................................................................................... 103
B. Interview Guidelines ...........................................................................

119

C. Interview Transcript .............................................................................. 121
D. Course Grids .......................................................................................... 142

E. Lesson Plans .......................................................................................... 152

F. Observation Sheets ................................................................................ 193

G. Students Writing ................................................................................... 198

H. Attendance List ....................................................................................... 207
I. Students Score ....................................................................................... 209
J. Photographs ............................................................................................ 216

K. Permit Letters .......................................................................................... 220

xiv

IMPROVING STUDENTS SKILLS IN WRITING PROCEDURE TEXTS
BY USING PICTURE SERIES FOR THE SEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS
OF SMP N 3 MERTOYUDAN IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2013/2014
By: Eka Febriani
NIM 07202244029
ABSTRACT
The objective of this reserach was to improve the students' skills in writing
procedure texts by using picture series for the seventh grade of SMP N 3
Mertoyudan in the academic year of 2013/2014.
The research was action research. The members of the research consisted of
the researcher, the English teacher, and the students of Grade VIIC. The research
was carried out in two cycles. The steps involved reconnaissance, planning, action
and observation, and reflection. The data of the research were qualitative in nature
supported by quantitative data. The qualitative data obtained by observing the
teaching and learning process and interviewing the English teacher and the
students of VIIC. The qualitative data were in the form of field notes and
interview transcripts that were analyzed based on the qualitative data analysis.
The pre-test and post-test were conducted to gain the quantitative data. A gain
score of pre-test and the post-test was used to analyze the quantitative data that
were in the form of students' writing scores.
The findings showed that picture series effectively improved the students
skills in writing procedure texts. The improvements covered: 1) the students
consider writing as an easy and interesting lesson, indicated by their enthusiasm to
write, 2) students generated and organized their ideas more easily in a good order,
3) and picture series improved the students' skills in writing procedure texts in
terms of grammatical, vocabulary, and sentence structure. The researcher found
that the students writing skills were improved. It can be seen from their main
scores of pre-test and post-test. There was an improvement between the pre-test
mean (9.13) and the post-test mean (14.09). The gain score of the means was
(4.96), it can be concluded that the use of picture series could improve the
students writing skills of procedure texts.

xv


 

  

     
 
   

     
      
   !" 

 
    
 
#
.

Background of the Research

$
 %&  


&   
 % 

 %


# $

      

&   

 %    "  

    
&    &# '& 
 
(   " &   $
 
  
       
  & !  
   
 

 !


  "& "#
(   
 "   ) * +,,, -  
 
 

 $
  &  & "       

 # 
 
  $
 . )
/
  ( 
   " 0 

"      % 


" 
  " * 1234562728 928:;:;84? @AAB -# ( 

% 

 
 
  

"   
   C  

 %

    C 
   % 

$
#
(    
 

"   
    

    &     %# 
 
1

2

DEFGHEGI JKLDDJ MDEN EF LOMPQREFR QPDI SPQ JRHTIFRJ LF DIEQFLFG SPQILGF DEFGHEGIU
VQPO EDD RWI DEFGHEGI JKLDDJX YQLRLFG JIIOJ RP ZI DIJJ [PFJLTIQIT ZN JRHTIFRJ EJ LR
LJ E \IQN [POMDL[ERIT DEFGHEGI JKLDD YWL[W QI]HLQIJ WLGW EZLDLRN RP I^MQIJJ LTIEJX
RWPHGWRJX SIIDLFG EFT RWI DLKI RP MQPTH[I GPPT YQLRRIF RI^RU _WLJ LTIE LJ EDJP
JHMMPQRIT ZN `L[WEQT EFT `IFEFTNE abccbdecef YWP JRERI RWER YQLRLFG LJ RWI OPJR
TLSSL[HDR JKLDD SPQ SPQILGF DEFGHEGI DIEQFIQJU _WI TLSSL[HDRN DLIJ FPR PFDN LF
GIFIQERLFG EFT PQGEFLgLFG LTIEJ ZHR EDJP LF RQEFJDERLFG RWIJI LTIEJ LFRP QIETEZDI
RI^RU _WIQISPQIX DIEQFLFG WPY RP YQLRI YIDD EJ IEQDN EJ MPJJLZDI LJ \IQN LOMPQREFR
SPQ RWI JRHTIFRJ RP E[WLI\I ZIRRIQ HFTIQJREFTLFG EFT RP MQE[RL[I LR EDPFG RWILQ
E[ETIOL[ DLSIU
_WHJX PFI PS RWI J[PMIJ PS RWI JRHTN PS hFGDLJW LF iHFLPQ WLGW J[WPPDJ LJ RP
HFTIQJREFT EFT RP [QIERI \EQLPHJ JWPQR SHF[RLPFED RI^RJ EFT OPFPDPGHIJ EJ YIDD EJ
IJJENJ LF RWI SPQO PS TIJ[QLMRL\IX QI[PHFRX FEQQERL\IX MQP[ITHQIX EFT QIMPQR
ajIMTLKFEJd bcckfU lF RIQOJ PS YQLRLFG JKLDDX RWI JRHTIFRJ EQI I^MI[RIT RP TI\IDPM
RWILQ JKLDDJ LF I^MQIJJLFG OIEFLFG EFT QWIRPQL[ED JRQH[RHQIJ RWQPHGW JLOMDI RI^RJ
HJLFG YQLRRIF DEFGHEGI \EQLIRLIJ E[[HQERIDNX SDHIFRDNX EFT EMMQPMQLERIDN LF TELDN
DLSI [PFRI^R RP LFRIQE[R YLRW PRWIQJU lF PRWIQ YPQTJX YWIF RWI JRHTIFRJ QIE[W RWI
mnopqrsotu DI\IDX RWIN [EF SHDSLDD RWILQ FIITJ DLKI YQLRLFG RWI DIRRIQJX HJLFG RWI
MQP[ITHQI RI^RJ YIDDX EFT TIJ[QLZLFG JPOIRWLFGU
vPOI PS RWI iHFLPQ WLGW J[WPPD JRHTIFRJX WPYI\IQX WE\I FPR QIE[WIT RWI
mnopqrsotu DI\ID YIDDU _WIN JRLDD WE\I TLSSL[HDRLIJ LF RWI YQLRLFG DIJJPFU wWIF RWI
hFGDLJW RIE[WIQ EJKIT RWIO RP YQLRI E MQP[ITHQI RI^RX PFDN SIY PS RWIO HFTIQJRPPT
RWI MQP[ITHQI RI^RU _WI QIJHDR PS RWILQ EJJLGFOIFR PS MQP[ITHQI RI^R LJ FPR

3

xyz{x|y}z~€ ‚~ƒ„ ~| z…„ƒ xz{†† …y‡„ ˆ{||{}‰†z{„x {Š ‰x{Š‹ }~„}z ‹yƒƒy Œ…„€
y†x~ …yˆ †~ ‡~}yŽ‰†y€ ƒyxz„€ }}~ˆ{Š‹ z~ z…„ Š‹†{x… z„y}…„‘ z…„€ ˆ{ˆ Š~z
y}z{‡„†€ ’~{Š„ˆ z…„ z„y}…{Š‹ yŠˆ †„yŠ{Š‹ “~}„xx ”z }yŠ Ž„ }~Š}†‰ˆ„ˆ z…yz z…„
xz‰ˆ„Šzx xz{†† …y‡„ †~ yŽ{†{z€ {Š {z{Š‹ “~}„ˆ‰„ z„•zx
 “~}„ˆ‰„ z„•z {x y z„•z ˆ„x{‹Š„ˆ z~ ˆ„x}{Ž„ …~ x~ƒ„z…{Š‹ {x
y}}~ƒ“†{x…„ˆ z…~‰‹… y x„–‰„Š}„ ~| y}z{~Šx ~ xz„“x —„„‘ z…„ “~}„ˆ‰„ z„•z {x
Š~z ~Š†€ y z„•z †„yŠ„ˆ yz x}…~~† Ž‰z y†x~ z…„ ~Š„ |~‰Šˆ {Š z…„ ˆy{†€ †{|„ ‚z‰ˆ„Šzx
}yŠ |{Šˆ “~}„ˆ‰„ z„•zx {Š ‹yƒ„ ‰†„x‘ }~~˜{Š‹ „}{“„x‘ ‰x{Š‹ yzƒ ƒy}…{Š„x
Œ…~x„ y„ „•yƒ“†„x ~| z…„ y‰z…„Šz{} z„•zx ~| “~}„ˆ‰„ z„•zx z…yz xz‰ˆ„Šzx }yŠ |{Šˆ
{Š z…„ ˆy{†€ †{|„ ”z {x …„†“|‰† |~ z…„ xz‰ˆ„Šzx {Š †„yŠ{Š‹ “~}„ˆ‰„ {z{Š‹
Œ…„ xz‰ˆ„Šzx ~| ™yˆ„ š”” › yz ‚œ ž Ÿ œ„z~€‰ˆyŠ‘ œ‰Š‹˜{ˆ‘
œy‹„†yŠ‹ y†x~ „•“„{„Š}„ˆ z…„ xyƒ„ z…{Š‹ {Š …{}… z…„€ }~Šx{ˆ„„ˆ {z{Š‹ z…„
ƒ~xz ˆ{||{}‰†z x˜{†† z~ †„yŠ ”z }~‰†ˆ Ž„ x„„Š |~ƒ z…„ „x‰†z ~| z…„{ {z{Š‹ Œ…„
ƒy’~ “~Ž†„ƒ z…yz xz‰ˆ„Šzx |y}„ˆ yx z~ ‹„z {ˆ„yx yŠˆ ‹„Š„yz„ {z œ~„~‡„‘ z…„€
y†x~ ƒyˆ„ ƒyŠ€ ‹yƒƒyz{}y† ƒ{xzy˜„x Œ…„€ ˆ{ˆ Š~z ‰x„ {ƒ“„yz{‡„ ‡„Ž {Š z…„
Ž„‹{ŠŠ{Š‹ ~| z…„ x„Šz„Š}„ ‚~ƒ„ ~| z…„ƒ xz{†† ‰x{Š‹ ”Šˆ~Š„x{yŠ ~ˆ {Š z…„{
{z{Š‹ ”z {x ˆ‰„ z~ z…„€ …yˆ †~ ‡~}yŽ‰†y€ ƒyxz„€ Œ…~x„ “~Ž†„ƒ y~x„ ƒ{‹…z
Ž„ Ž„}y‰x„ ~| z„y}…{Š‹ ƒ„z…~ˆ‘ z…„ ƒyz„{y†x‘ z…„ z„}…Š{–‰„‘ z…„ ƒ„ˆ{y ~ z…„
}~ƒŽ{Šyz{~Š ~| z…„ƒ ”Š ~ˆ„ z~ ‹y{Š xz‰ˆ„Šzx  y}z{‡„†€ “yz{}{“yz„ˆ {Š }†yxx
y}z{‡{z{„x‘ z„y}…„x ƒ‰xz Ž„ }~ƒƒ‰Š{}yz{‡„ yŠˆ }„yz{‡„
¡yx„ˆ ~Š z…„ xz‰ˆ„Šzx  “~Ž†„ƒx yŽ~‡„‘ y y€ z…yz ƒy˜„x z…„ xz‰ˆ„Šzx
{Šz„„xz„ˆ {Š {z{Š‹ …yx z~ Ž„ ˆ„‡„†~“„ˆ ¢Š„ y€ z…yz }yŠ …„†“ z…„ xz‰ˆ„Šzx

4

£¤¤¥¦§¨£©¦ £ª« ¬¦ ­®¥¦ ¨ª©¦¥¦¯¥©¦« ¨ª °¥¨©¨ª± ¨¯ ¤¥®²¨«¨ª± ¯³¨©£¬´¦ °¥¨©¨ª±
­£©¦¥¨£´¯ £ª« ´¦£¥ª¨ª± ­¦«¨£µ
¶®ª¯¨«¦¥¨ª± ©·£© °¥¨©¨ª± ¤¥®¸¨§¨¦ª§¹ ¨¯ ·¨±·´¹ ª¦¦«¦«º £ª« ©·¦ ¸£§© ©·£© ©·¦
¯©³«¦ª©¯» °¥¨©¨ª± £¬¨´¨©¹ ¨¯ ¯©¨´´ ´®°º ©·¦ ¥¦¯¦£¥§·¦¥ ¤¥®¤®¯¦¯ ¯¦²¦¥£´ °£¹¯ ©®
¨ª§¥¦£¯¦ ¯©³«¦ª©¯» °¥¨©¨ª± ¤¥®¸¨§¨¦ª§¹µ ¼ª¦ ®¸ ©·¦ °£¹¯ ¨ª ¨ª§¥¦£¯¨ª± ©·¦ ¯©³«¦ª©¯»
°¥¨©¨ª± ¯½¨´´¯ ¦¯¤¦§¨£´´¹ ¨ª °¥¨©¨ª± ¤¥®§¦«³¥¦ ©¦¾©¯ ¨¯ ³¯¨ª± ¤¨§©³¥¦¯µ ¿¨§©³¥¦¯ £¥¦
¥¦§®±ª¨À¦« °£¹ ®¸ ¥¦¤¥¦¯¦ª©¨ª± ¥¦£´ ¯¨©³£©¨®ª¯ £ª« ©·¦¹ §£ª ¬¦ ¯¦¥²¦ £¯ ²¨¯³£´
£¨«¯µ Áª ©·¦ §´£¯¯¥®®­º ¤¨§©³¥¦¯ §£ª ·¦´¤ ©·¦ ¯©³«¦ª©¯ ©® £¯¯®§¨£©¦ ©·¦¨¥ ¨­£±¨ª£©¨®ª
°¨©· ©·¦¨¥ ¥¦£´ ´¨¸¦ ¦¾¤¦¥¨¦ª§¦µ Áª ©·¨¯ §£¯¦º ©·¦ °¥¨©¦¥ ¨ª©¦ª«¦« ©® §·®®¯¦ ¤¨§©³¥¦
¯¦¥¨¦¯ ¬¦§£³¯¦ ¨© §£ª ·¦´¤ ©·¦ ¯©³«¦ª©¯ ©® ®¥±£ª¨À¦ ©·¦ ±¦ª¦¥¨§ ¯©¥³§©³¥¦¯ ®¸ ©¦¾©
ª£­¦´¹ ±®£´º ¯¦Â³¦ª§¦ ®¸ £§©¨®ª¯ ¨ª ±®®« §·¥®ª®´®±¨§£´ ®¥«¦¥µ ®²¦¥º ¨© §£ª
£´¯® ¦ª§®³¥£±¦ ©·¦ ¯©³«¦ª©¯» ¤£¥©¨§¨¤£©¨®ª £ª« ¨ª©¦¥¦¯© ¨ª ©¦£§·¨ª± £ª« ´¦£¥ª¨ª±
£§©¨²¨©¨¦¯µ
Ä.

Identification of the Problem

Å·¦ ¤¥®¬´¦­¯ ®¸ ©¦£§·¨ª± °¥¨©¨ª± ¯½¨´´¯ °¦¥¦ ¨«¦ª©¨¸¨¦« ©·¥®³±·
¨ª©¦¥²¨¦°¨ª± ©·¦ ƪ±´¨¯· ©¦£§·¦¥ £ª« ©·¦ ÇÁÁ ¶ ±¥£«¦ ¯©³«¦ª©¯ £© Èÿ É Ê
楩®¹³«£ª £ª« ®¬¯¦¥²¨ª± ©·¦¨¥ £§©¨²¨©¨¦¯ «³¥¨ª± ©·¦ ƪ±´¨¯· °¥¨©¨ª± ´¦¯¯®ªµ
ËÌÍÎÏ ÐÑ ÒÓÎ ÐÔÍÎÕÖÌÒ×ÐÑØ ÒÓÎÕÎ ÙÎÕÎ ÍÐÚÎ ÛÕÐÔÜÎÚÍ ÒÓÌÒ ÒÓÎ ÕÎÍÎÌÕÝÓÎÕ ÞÐßÑÏ ×Ñ ÒÓÎ
àÑáÜ×ÍÓ ÒÎÌÝÓ×ÑáâÜÎÌÕÑ×Ñá ÛÕÐÝÎÍÍ ÌÒ ÝÜÌÍÍ ãää å ÐÞ æçè é ê çÎÕÒÐëßÏÌÑì Å·¦
¤¥®¬´¦­¯ ¸®³ª« ¨ª °¥¨©¨ª± ¯½¨´´ £¥¦ ¥¦´£©¦« ©® ©·¦ ¯©³«¦ª©¯º ©¦§·ª¨Â³¦º ­£©¦¥¨£´¯
£ª« ­¦«¨£µ
Å·¦ ¸¨¥¯© ¤¥®¬´¦­ ¨¯ ¥¦´£©¦« ©® ©·¦ ¯©³«¦ª©¯µ  ¯©³«¦ª©¯ ·£« ´¦¯¯
­®©¨²£©¨®ª ¨ª ´¦£¥ª¨ª± ƪ±´¨¯·µ Å·¦¹ £¯¯³­¦« ©·£© ©·¦ ƪ±´¨¯· ´¦¯¯®ª ¨¯ «¨¸¸¨§³´©

5

íî ïðñòóô õí öñó ÷ð øððó ùúðó íúðû ñòð üóýîíþÿñíð þó
îþóþó íðñöúþó ñó
ïðñòóþó òîöðøøô úðû íðó ð íî ÷ð ÷üøû ùþíú íúðþò ñöíþÿþíþðø øüöú ñø öúñííþó ùþíú
íúðþò òþðó ø òñùþó ñó îþó ñóîíúðò ïðøøîóô ø ñ òðøüïí ùúðó íúð íðñöúðò
ñøð íúðý íî î øîýð ñöíþÿþíþðø

  
    


  

   
     
 
      
    !

"


   #
 
    #   $

íúðû

ñïøî ïñöð î %óïþøú ÿîöñ÷üïñòû øî íúðû þ óîí óîù íúð ýðñóþó î %óïþøú
ùîò ø ñó øðóíðóöðøô &úðó íúðû ùðòð ñøð íî ùòþíð ñ íð'í íúðû ùðòð öîóüøð
ñó îí øíüö ÷ðöñüøð íúðû þ óîí óîù íúð ùîò ô #  $ 
  
   

  
óîíúðò òî÷ïðý

þø òðïñíð íî íúð íðñöúþó íðöúóþ(üð íúñí íðñöúðò üøð þó

íðñöúþó ñó ïðñòóþó òîöðøøô ðñöúþó ùòþíþó þó

)*+ , - *ðòíîûü

ñó þø

ýîøíïû îýþóñíð ùþíú îþó íñøø þó íð'í ÷îî îò ./)ô úðòðîòð íúð øíü ðóíø
ððï

÷îòð íî ðí þóÿîïÿð þó íðñöúþó ñó ïðñòóþó ñöíþÿþíþðøô

0  


    
        1
 
   
 2"     
$  
  
" 
        
3    

 4ðøþ
üþ

ðø íðñöúðò þ óîí þÿð öïðñò

ñóöð ùúðó íúð øíü ðóíø ðí øíüö þó þó þó ñó

5îóøð(üðóíïû

ðóðòñíþó

þ ðñøô

þí ñÿð þýñöí îó íúð îîò ùòþíþó íðñöúþó6ïðñòóþó òîöðøø ñó

öîóíòþ÷üíð íî íúð øíü ðóíø7 ïîù ýîíþÿñíþîó ñó þóíðòðøí þó íúð ùòþíþó ïðñòóþó
òîöðøøô

6

89:;9?; @A>;:BACD E;F9@; G;H> I:9EC;@ BG J8K L M 8;:>9NOPAGQ
R?; @A>;:BACD S;:; 9G; 9T B@I9:>AG> IA:>D BG >?; >;AF?BGU AGP C;A:GBGU I:9F;DDQ
R?; >;AF?;: ?AP >9 I:9?;G>BF= BG>;:;D>BGU= AGP AII:9I:BA>; @A>;:BACD >9
>;AF? D>OP;G>DV S:B>BGUQ WG TAF>= >?; >;AF?;: @9D>CN OD;P >;H> E99X 9: YZJ BG
P;CB;:BACDQ J?; PBP G9> I:9;:;D>BGU AGP BG>;:AF>B;:BACD >9 UABG D>OP;G>DV BG?; >;AF?BGU AGP C;A:GBGU I:9F;DDQ J?;
9GCN ADX;P D>OP;G>D >9 P9 D9@; ;H;:FBD;D BG >?; >;H> E99X 9: YZJQ R?OD= >?;
D>OP;G>D S;:; G9> BG>;:;D>;P >9 U;> BG;AF?BGU AGP C;A:GBGU I:9F;DDQ
R?; CAD> I:9EC;@ BD :;CA>;P >9 >?; @;PBAQ 8;PBA A:; 9G; 9T TAF>9:D >?A> FAG
P;>;:@BG; >?; DOFF;DD 9T >?; >;AF?BGU AGP C;A:GBGU I:9F;DDQ 8;PBA ACD9 ?;CI
>;AF?;:D >9 F9GABG T9:@= AGP >?; F?9BF; 9T >?A> T9:@ @AN
E; P;>;:@BG; ?9S @;DDAU; :;F;B?; C;A:G;:DQ R?; OD; 9T @;PBA F9OCP
B@I:9?; D>OP;G>DV BG>;:;D> BG C;A:GBGU [GUCBD?Q WG :;ACB>N= >?; >;AF?;: :A:;CN
OD;P @;PBA S?BF? FAG ?;CI D>OP;G>D >9 UABG >?;B: BG>;:;D> S?;G D?; P;CB?;
@A>;:BACDQ J?; @9D>CN OD;P YZJ 9: D>OP;G>DV S9:XD?;;>Q R?;:;T9:;= >?; D>OP;G>D
9T>;G U9> E9:;P PO:BGU >?; >;AF?BGU AGP C;A:GBGU I:9F;DDQ
\. Delimitation of the Problem
]AD;P 9G >?; BP;G>BTBFA>B9G 9T >?; I:9EC;@D AE9?;:; A:; D9@; TAF>9:D
>?A> BGTCO;GF; >?; D>OP;G>DV S:B>BGU DXBCCDQ R?; C9S D>OP;G>DV BG>;:;D> AGP DXBCCD= >?;
OD; 9T @;PBA BG >?; >;AF?BGU AGP C;A:GBGU I:9F;DD= AGP ACD9 >?; @9G9>9G9OD
@A>;:BACD E;F9@; >?; I:9EC;@D >?A> @AP; >?; D>OP;G>D S:B>BGU S;:; G9>
DA>BDTAF>9:NQ

7

^_ `a `bcdaa`efg hdi _jg igagkiljgi _d adfmg kff _jg cidefgba igfk_gn _d _jg
hkl_diao pjgighdigq ajg f`b`_a _jg cidefgba igfk_gn _d a_rngs_at ui`_`sv aw`ffao xrg
_d _jg f`b`_k_`ds dh _`bgq gsgivyq bdsgyq ksn hkl`f`_`gaq ajg u`ff dmgildbg adbg
cidefgbao zjg f`b`_a _jg a_rny ey dsfy hdlra`sv ds _jg _gklj`sv ksn fgkis`sv
cidlgaa `s ui`_`sv cidlgnrig _g{_ao ^_ bgksa _jk_ ajg `s_gsna _d `bcidmg _jg
a_rngs_at aw`ffa `s ui`_`sv cidlgnrig _g{_a _jidrvj c`l_rig agi`gao |`l_rig agi`ga ka
bgn`k lks eg raghrf _d v`mg vr`nkslg hdi a_rngs_a `s a_`brfk_`sv ksn vgsgik_`sv
a_rngs_at `ngka _d ui`_g bdigo }ga`ngaq c`l_riga lks `bcidmg a_rngs_at `s_giga_ _d
vg_ `smdfmgn `s _gklj`sv ksn fgkis`sv cidlgaao
~. Formulation of the Problem
}kagn ds _jg ngf`b`_k_`ds dh _jg cidefgb kedmgq _jg cidefgb dh _j`a a_rny
lks eg hdibrfk_gn ka hdffdua €du lks c`l_rig agi`ga eg ragn _d `bcidmg a_rngs_at
aw`ffa `s ui`_`sv cidlgnrig _g{_a hdi _jg agmgs_j vikng dh z| ‚ ƒ gi_dyrnks `s
_jg klkngb`l ygki „…†ƒ‡„…†ˆ?
E. Objectives of the Research
In accordance with the problem formulated above, the objective of the
research is to improve students skills in writing procedure texts for the seventh
grade of SMP N 3 Mertoyudan in the academic year 2013/2014.
F. Significance of the Research
There are some expected benefits to achieve from this research. The result
of this research is expected to give contributions. Considering all the explanation
above, the following are the significance of the research:

8

1.

For the seventh grade students of SMP N 3 Mertoyudan
The findings of this research are expected to become a source of
information about the way to improve students writing skill through
picture series. The use of picture series can stimulate students idea and
develop it in good organization.

2.

For the English teachers of SMP N 3 Mertoyudan
The findings of this research are expected to become a source of
information about the way to improve the quality of teaching writing to the
students using interesting media.

3.

For the future researchers
This study can be a source to conduct further research relevant to
the problem in different kind of texts.

4.

The researcher herself
This study is expected to increase her awareness of using media
such as picture series to improve the students writing skills in teaching
and learning process.

‰Š‹ŒŽ 
‘Ž‹’Ž Ž“Ž”
•–—˜ ˜™š›—œ ž—˜šŸ˜˜—œ˜  —›™¡¢›Ÿ¡™ ¡™£—™wšœ˜—˜›˜ œ¤

˜œ¥™ ¡™ ™£¢› ›–™œ¡—™˜

¢¥™ y¦§ —˜–  ¢§Ÿ¢§™ ¢ž ›™¢š–—§¨ ›™¢š–—§ ¢ž  ™¢¡—§ ¡w—›—§¨
¢ž ›œ ©Ÿ—œ¡ H—§– ªš–œœ ¨ ›™x›˜ ›y
«™ — ¦§ —˜– ¢ž

›™¢š–—§

«¡œš™žŸ¡™ — ›™¢š–—§ w
¡—›—§

¢¡™ «¡™˜™›™ž¬ •–™ ž—˜šŸ˜˜—œ œ¤ ™¢š– «¢¡› —˜ «¡™˜™›™ž ­™ œ®¬
erew
vie
‹¯ ‘i°ret ±u
²¯

h
glis‘°³g
u
in
g°³d‘e°·n
in
g
Žn
°´µ e°¶h
¦§ —˜–  ¢§Ÿ¢§™ ›™¢š–—§ (¦¸•¹ –¢˜ ¡™š™› y˜–—¤›™ž ›œ ¢ šœš™¡ —w›–

ž™£™ œ«—§ ž—˜šœŸ¡˜™ ˜º—  ˜¬ •–™ ¢—¥ œ¤ ¦¸• —˜ œ® ˜™™ ¢˜ ™¢­ —§  ™¢¡™¡˜ ›œ
ž™£™ œ« ›–™ ºœ® ™ž§™ ¢ž ˜º—  ˜ –w—š– —w   ¢  œ® ›–™¥ ›œ ™§¢§™ —w›– –wœ ™
› ¢««¡œ«¡—¢›™ ›œ ˜œš—¢  šœ›™x
›˜¬
›™x
•–™ ›™¢š–—§ œ¤ ¦§ —˜– –¢˜ §œ™ ›–¡œŸ§– ¥¢y«–¢˜™˜ œ£™¡ ›–™ ™y¢¡˜¨
—w›– £¢¡—œŸ˜ ¥™›–œž˜ ­™—§ ¢šºœ® ™ž§™ž ¢˜ › –™ ˜œ Ÿ›—œ ›œ —¥«¡œ£™  —›™¡¢šy
 ™£™ ˜¬ H™š™¨ »¡›˜—y
¢›— (¼½½¼¹ ˜›¢›™˜ ›–¢› — ¾žœ™˜—¢¨ ›–™ ¿Ÿ¢ —›yœ¤ ¦§ —˜–
›™¢š–—§ ¢› ˜š–œœ ˜ —˜ œ› ¡™¢  y§œœž¬ •–™ ˜›¢›™¥™› «¡œ£™ž ›–¢› ˜œ ¥¢y¦§ —˜–
˜š–œœ  —˜›—›Ÿ›—œ˜ — ¾žœ™˜—¢ œ¤¤™¡ º—ž˜ œ¤ ˜º—  ˜ ›–¢› ¢¡™ ¢—¥™ž ›œ —¥«¡œ£™ ›–™
˜›Ÿž™› ˜ ˜º—  ˜ — ¦§ —˜–  ™¢¡—§¬ ¾› š¢ ­™ šœš Ÿž™ž ›–¢› ›–™ ¥™›–œž˜ œ¤ ›–™
¦§ —˜– ›™¢š–—§ ¢› ˜š–œœ ˜ ¢¡™ Ÿ˜¢›—˜¤—™ž ¤œ¡ ›–™ ˜›Ÿž™›˜¬ ªœ¥™ ˜š–œœ ˜ ˜›—   Ÿ˜™
—™¤¤™š›—£™ ¥™›–œž˜ — ›–™ ¦§ —˜– ›™¢š–—§ «¡œš™˜˜¬ •–™ ¦§ —˜– ›™¢š–—§ —˜ œ y
­¢˜™ž œ ›–™ ›™x›­œœº œ¡ ›–™ ˜›Ÿž™›˜

œw¡º˜–™™›¬

¾› —˜ œ› ™¤¤™š›—£™ ¤œ¡ —¥«¡œ£—§ ›–™ ˜›Ÿž™›˜ ˜º—  ˜¬ ¾›  —¥—›˜ ›–™ ˜›Ÿž™›˜
š¡™¢›—£—›y—  ™¢¡—§ ¦§ —˜–¬ •–™¡™¤œ¡™¨ —› —w   ­™ ­™››™¡ —¤ ›–™ ¥™›–œž˜ ¢ž ›–™

9

10

ÀÁÂÃÄ ÅÆÁÂ ÃÇ ÈÉÁ ÊÇËÌÃÆÉ ÈÁÄÍÉÃÇË ÎÏÐÍÁÆÆ ÀÐÏÁ ÑÄÏÃÁÂ ÃÇ ÐÏÂÁÏ ÈÐ ÀÄÒÁ ÁÓÓÁÍÈÃvÁ
ÈÉÁ ÎÏÐÍÁÆÆ ÐÓ ÈÉÁ ÊÇËÌÃÆÉ ÈÁÄÍÉÃÇËÔÌÁÄÏÇÃÇË ÃÇ ÍÌÄÆÆÕ
ÖÉÁ GÐÑÁÏÇÀÁÇÈ RÁËÅÌÄÈÃÐÇ ×ÐÕ ØÙÚÛÜÜÝÞ ÄßÐÅÈ ×ÄÈÃÐÇÄÌ ÊÂÅÍÄÈÃÐÇ
àÈÄÇÂÄÏÂÞ áÏÈÃÍÌÁ 5 ÆÈÄÈÁÆ ÈÉÄÈ ÈÉÁ àÈÄÇÂÄÏ ÐÓ âÐÇÈÁÇÈ ÃÇÍÌÅÂÁÆ ÈÉÁ ÀÄÈÁÏÃÄÌ ÃÇ ÈÉÁ
ÍÐÀÎÁÈÁÇÍyÌÁÑÁÌ ÈÐ ÏÁÄÍÉ ÈÉÁ ËÏÄÂÅÄÈÁ ÍÐÀÎÁÈÁÇÍyÃÇ Ä ÍÁÏÈÄÃÇ Èy
ÎÁ ÄÇÂ ÌÁÑÁÌ ÐÓ
Õ äÈ ÃÆ Ä
ÈÉÁ ÁÂÅÍÄÈÃÐÇÕ ãÅÏÈÉÁÏÀÐÏÁÞ ÈÉÁÏÁ ÃÆ ÄÌÆÐ àÈÄÇÂÄÏ ÐÓ GÏÄÂÅÄÈÁ âÐÀÎÁÈÁÇÍy
åÅÄÌÃÓÃÍÄÈÃÐÇ ÐÓ ÄßÃÌÃÈyÐÓ ËÏÄÂÅÄÈÁÆ ÃÇÍÌÅÂÃÇË ÈÉÁ ÄÈÈÃÈÅÂÁÞ ÒÇÐæÌÁÂËÁ ÄÇ ÆÒÃÌÌÆÕ
ÖÉÁ Sçèéêèë Kìíîíîïèé (àKðñ ÃÆ ÂÁÍÌÄÏÁ ßy Kìòóìéêôõéèï ×ÐÕ ÛöÚÛÜÜ÷ ÉwÃÍÉ ÃÆ
ÓÅÏÈÉÁÏ ÆÈÃÎÅÌÄÈÁ ßyÈÉÁ GÐÑÁÏÇÀÁÇÈ RÁËÅÌÄÈÃÐÇ (øøñ ×ÐÕ ØÙÚÛÜÜÝ ÃÇ ÎÄÏÈ 5
(áÏÈÃÍÌÁ ÛÝ

ÛùñÕ ÖÉÁ àÈÄÇÂÄÏ ÐÓ GÏÄÂÅÄÈÁ âÐÀÎÁÈÁÇÍyÃÇÍÌÅÂÁÆ ÈÉÁ ÏÁËÅÌÄÈÃÐÇ

ÐÓ ÆÈÄÇÂÄÏÂ ÐÓ ËÏÄÂÅÄÈÁ ÍÐÀÎÁÈÁÇÍyÃÇ ÁÑÁÏyÌÁÑÁÌ ÐÓ ÁÂÅÍÄÈÃÐÇÞ ÓÐÏ ÁxÄÀÎÌÁú
ßÄÆÃÍ ÁÂÅÍÄÈÃÐÇÞ ÆÁÍÐÇÂÄÏy ÁÂÅÍÄÈÃÐÇÞ ÄÇ ÉÃËÉÁÏ ÁÂÅÍÄÈÃÐÇÕ ãÐÏ ÈÉÁ ËÁÇÁÏÄÌ
ÆÁÍÐÇÂÄÏyÁÂÅÍÄÈÃÐÇÞ ÈÉÁ ÆÈÄÇÂÄÏÂ ÐÓ ËÏÄÂÅÄÈÁ ÍÐÀÎÁÈÁÇÍyÃÆ ÄÃÀÁÂ ÈÐ ÂÁÑÁÌÐÎ ÈÉÁ
ÃÇÈÁÌÌÃËÁÇÍÁÆÞ ÒÇÐæÌÁÂËÁÞ ÎÁÏÆÐÇÄÌÃÈÃÁÆÞ ÌÐÓÈy ÀÐÏÄÌÞ ÄÇ ÆÒÃÌÌÆ ÈÐ ßÁ ÄÅÈÐÇÐÀÐÅÆ
ÄÇÂ ÄÈ ûÐÃÇÃÇË ÈÉÁ ÄÂÑÄÇÍÁÂ ÁÂÅÍÄÈÃÐÇÕ
äÇ GÐÑÁÏÇÀÁÇÈ RÁËÅÌÄÈÃÐÇ ×ÐÕ ØÙÚÛÜÜÝÞ áÏÈÃÍÌÁ Û÷Þ ÈÉÁ ÍÐÀÎÁÈÁÇÍyÃÆ
ÁÀÎÉÄÆÃzÁÂ ÐÇ ÈÉÁ ÏÁÄÂÃÇË ÄÇÂ ÏwÃÈÃÇË ÆÒÃÌÌÆ ÉwÃÍÉ ÄÎÎÏÐÎÏÃÄÈÁ w
ÃÈÉ ÈÉÁ ÌÁÑÁÌ ÐÓ
ÁÂÅÍÄÈÃÐÇÕ ãÅÏÈÉÁÏÞ ÈÉÁ ÆÈÄÇÂÄÏ ÐÓ ÍÐÀÎÁÈÁÇÍyÃÆ ÅÆÁ ÄÆ ÈÉÁ ÐÏÃÁÇÈ ÄÈÃÐÇ ÃÇ
ÂÁÍÃÂÃÇË ÈÉÁ ÌÁÄÏÇÁÏÆ ÎÄÆÆÃÇË ÓÏÐÀ ÄÇ ÁÂÅÍÄÈÃÐÇÄÌ ÅÇÃÈÕ äÈ ÍÐÇÆÃÆÈÆ ÐÓ ÈÉÁ
ÍÐÀÎÁÈÁÇÍyÓÐÏ ÄÌÌ ÐÓ ÈÉÁ ÍÐÅÏÆÁÆ ÐÏ ÄÌÌ ÐÓ ÈÉÁ ÍÐÅÏÆÁ ÍÄÈÁËÐÏÃÁÆÕ
ÖÉÁ ÂÁÓÃÇÃÈÃÐÇ ÐÓ àÈÄÇÂÄÏ ÐÓ GÏÄÂÅÄÈÁ âÐÀÎÁÈÁÇÍyÄßÐÑÁ ÂÁÆÍÏÃßÁÆ È ÉÄÈ
ÈÉÁ ÆÈÅÂÁÇÈÆ ËÏÄÂÅÄÈÃÐÇ ÃÆ ÃÇÓÌÅÁÇÍÁ ßyÈÉÏÁÁ ÓÄÍÈÐÏÆú ÈÉÁ ÄÈÈÃÈÅÂÁÞ ÒÇÐæÌÁÂËÁ ÄÇÂ
ÆÒÃÌÌÆÕ ÖÉÐÆÁ ÓÄÍÈÐÏÆ ÄÏÁ ÅÆÁÂ ÄÆ Ä ÀÄÃÇ ÍÐÅÏÆÁ ÈÐ ÃÂÁÇÈÃÓyÉwÁÈÉÁÏ ÈÉÁ ÆÈÅÂÁÇÈÆ

11


 ÿ üÿ ýý
ý
ýÿ  
ÿÿy    üÿÿ ÿ üÿ ýý

üýþÿ


Gý
ýÿ  
ÿÿy ÿÿÿ  üÿ 
ÿ
 üÿ ýý


ý
ý 

 
ÿÿ yý ý  
ÿÿ y

   ýÿ üý üÿ ÿý

ü ü
 ÿ ÿþÿ
ÿ
ý

ý w
ÿ

 
ý  üÿ 




üÿ 
ü ÿ 

 
 

ü
ü






ÿ
ýy   ü

ý ýÿ üý üÿ

ü  
ÿ   ýÿ üÿ

ý 

ý

üýv
ÿ ÿý

ýÿ  
Dÿþÿ
üÿ



 
ýþÿ  
ÿÿÿ  ü w
ÿ

ý

ý 

ýüÿþÿ

üÿ
 ýÿý yÿ
ÿÿ 

Hýþÿ ÿÿ ý
 üÿ



 
ÿþÿ


ü  ÿýÿ üÿ ý 

ýy
 ý  ÿy

Dÿþÿ
üÿ




ýÿ


ÿý


ý
 üÿ ÿý ü
ÿÿwÿ ý

ý
ÿ ý



ÿ
üÿ

ý



ÿýÿ üÿ 
ÿ
üý üÿ 
ÿ

üÿ ÿ
 

üÿ 
ü ÿ 

ýy üÿ 
ü ÿýü


 

ü
ü

ü 

ýÿ ýÿ

ý þÿ ýÿ üÿ

ÿý

 ÿ  


ÿü üÿ

ÿ
 

ÿx
ÿÿ

 !ÿ
ÿ

ý


 þÿ üÿ   üÿ 
ü ÿý


"#
1)

$%&'()*+ &*, -%&.*)*+ /.)0)*+

e
$h

u
rof/.
2&0e

itin
g

 
y

ü

ý ý

ÿ
 ý

ý
ÿ w

 ÿ

ý

ý
ÿ    ÿ 
ÿý
 üÿ 

üÿ
 
þÿ

ÿÿÿ ÿÿwÿ w
ý

ýyÿ  üÿ
 
  
ÿý
 üÿ
 
 
   

ÿ  ý

ÿ 3 üÿ üÿ


ÿý


ý 
ÿ ÿx ýyÿ  üÿ

üý  w
 üÿ ý
 
 

12

4 5w
67789 78x
7:

;?@A8598B= C6@@64DB

(EFFGHEIJ

B7478B 7K47 5w
6769L 6B M98 MN

w6PK O84@B 6w7K PM9A86y9L D8BB4L8B 6w7K 7K8 ?B8
7K8