Definition of Instructional Media

CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

This chapter consists of some theories related to instructional media, visual media, English themes, and strategies in using and developing visual media in line with English themes. A. Instructional Media

1. Definition of Instructional Media

Media is called as instructional media when it conveys messages which are related with instructional objectives, for example to facilitate communication 6 . Media is technological system for conveying messages, operating intermediately between sender s and receiver s, when they are separated in space, time, or both. 7 Geralch Elly stated that “Media adalah manusia, materi atau kejadian yang membangun kondisi dan membuat siswa mampu memperoleh pengetahuan, ketrampilan serta sikap. 8 Media are person, material or event which develops a situation and make the students to get knowledge, skills and attitude. 6 Robert Heinich , et.al ., Instructional Media and the New Technologies of Instruction, Canada: John Willy and Sons, Inc, 1993, p. 7 Rudy Bretz, Media for Interactive Communication, USA: Sage Publications, 1983, p.19 8 Prof. Dr. Azhar Asyad, M. A, Media Pembelajaran,Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, 2004, p. 3. Translated by the writer. According to Association for Education and Communication Technology AECT “Media adalah segala bentuk yang dipergunakan untuk suatu proses penyaluran infomasi.” 9 Media are of many forms which are used for information transfer process. Suleiman stated that instructional media is a media which deliver information or message from a source teacher to receiver student 10 . He added that instructional media are intended to improve the result of study. According to Gagne and Briggs 1975 that “Media pembelajaran meliputi alat yang secara fisik digunakan untuk menyampaikan isi materi pelajaran, yang terdiri dari antara lain buku, tape recorder, kaset, video kamera, video recorder, film, foto, gambar dan computer 11 . Instructional media consists of aids which are used physically to convey the content of the material that includes books, tape recorder, cassette, video, recorder, film, photo, pictures, and computer. In other words, media is a component source of study or idea physically which consists of instructional material in students environment in order to stimulate the students to study. The role of media in teaching situation, according to Heinich, as supporting aid for teaching in a class. While, Rijavec stated that a message delivered through the linguistic channel, although subject to some of the same ambiguities, tends to be more precise. 12 From the statements above, it can be concluded that instructional media is aids which are used to support teaching learning process. Media plays an important role in improving student’s ability. The using of media creatively will probably make the students improve their performance in study that suitable with the objectives of the teaching learning process.

2. Function of Instructional Media