Definition of Teaching Aid

The abbreviation of CALL stands for Computer-Assisted Language Learning. It is a term used to describe the use of computer as a vehicle for delivering instruction. As stated by Fotos Browne 33 , CALL is not a method but a tool for learning using computer. Further, Young 34 added that CALL is an aid for teacher to present, reinforce and assess materials to be learned using computer and usually includes substantial interactive elements. In brief, CALL is a term which is used to describe the use of computers as a part of language course. The term of CALL has many acronyms such as computer-assisted language instruction CAI, intelligent computer-assisted language learning ICALL, computer enhanced language learning CELL, technology enhanced language learning TELL, and web enhanced language learning WELL. The main difference between the acronyms is the focus given to the computer as a part of the language learning process. For instance, CAI refers to the use of the computer for instruction, regardless of what is being taught. ICALL refers to the integration of techniques from the fields of Artificial Intelligence and Computational Linguistics to enhance CALL applications. CELL effectively means the same thing as CALL. TELL is an acronym that is mainly used in North America that covers the same domain as CALL. WELL refers specifically to the use of the web or Internet in the language learning process. Then, CALL in this study is used as a general term to cover all of the acronyms. CALL has two concepts i.e. CALL as a tutor versus CALL as a tool 35 . CALL as tutor refers to the use of computer as a substitute for teacher in presenting and evaluating students‘ work. It may replace the function of teacher or textbook in the language teaching. The concern of this instructional strategy is the students learn in isolation, with less rapport and less personal teaching from the teacher. 33 S. Fotos and C. Browne, ―New Perspectives on CALL for second language classrooms,‖ in Toni Yuliyanto Ed, Developing Students’ grammar through Computer-Assissted Language Learning CALL a research published in UNJ University, 2010, p. 16. 34 B. Young, ―Exergaming Definitions‖, in Dalia Omar Abu Shagga Ed., The Effectiveness of Using Computerized Educational Games on Developing Aspects of English Grammar for Deaf Ninth Graders in Gaza Governorates a thesis Published in Al-Azhar University Gaza, 2012, p. 19. 35 M. Levy, ―Computer-assisted language learning: Context and conceptualization‖, in Sue E. K. Otto and James P. Pusack Eds., Computer-Assisted Language Learning Authoring Issues The Modern Language Journal, Vol. 93, p. 784.