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writing activities to lead students to the topic being written or to generate ideas related to the topic. By answering questions, the students develop their thinking
skills and express their ideas. Questions are also used in drafting .stage in which the students answers questions and arrange their answers into a paragraph.
Questioning Technique help the students construct sentences. By answering questions, the students are expected to be able to use correct pronouns
and verbs since they have to use pronouns similar to the questions. Moreover, teacher’s questioning is a useful means to evoke classroom
interactional between the teacher to the student and the student to other students. For the students questioning is a way to generate their ideas into a good
paragraph. It also leads students toward the development of a concept.
7. Media
a. The meaning of media
Smaldino, et al. 2005: 209 said that media is a means of communication and source of information; additionally they said that a variety
of media can make students learning more realistic and engaging. Moreover, media in communication is tools used to store and deliver data or information. In
line with the statement above, Norgist 2008:1 said that media is materials that hold data in any forms or that allow data to pass through them, including paper,
transparencies, multipart forms, hard, floppy and optical disc, magnetic tape, wire, cable and fiber Therefore, using media in teaching writing are good to
stimulate students to be actively involved during teaching and learning process.
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Based on the theories above, it can be concluded that media is tools or means of communication and source of information not only digital form but
also traditional forms in a system.
b. Information and Communication Technology
ICT Information and Communication Technology is the combination of computer technology including hardware and software and communication
technology. It has been the media of transforming information in the 20
th
century. The combination of those technology has developed very significantly, much more significant than other types of technology. In the global scale the
development of ICT interferes the whole aspects of human life. The intrusion of ICT to other technology is so dominant that all of them will, inevitably, involve
ICT during the development process. Education sector, in charge of providing the human resources in line with
the development of technology, has also been influenced by the development of ICT. ICT possesses a significant role in education sector described the
following: a.
ICT is the object of learning mostly organized by special courses. What materials being discussed is depended on the form of education and the level of
the students. Such kind of education involving ICT in the process of education, the future skills for future and social life.
b. ICT is a tool that used to prepare the assignment, collect data and documentation and do the research.
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c. ICT is the learning media that can be optimized by the teacher and the
students. Shortly, ICT is very beneficial for students, teacher and the source of
learning materials. For students, ICT will be very useful for them if they need to find more various learning materials, interactive learning and high technology
oriented learning process. ICT could be the second teacher for the students. On the other hand, ICT has valuable role for the teachers. The professional
development of the teacher can be done, possibly, by means of ICT, such as : accessing the newest trend of education curriculum, exchanging idea to other
teachers, downloading the policy of the government dealing with education, taking part in scientific events and many others. The learning materials and
media can also be obtained by means of ICT. The new learning material can be accessed and adjusted to the need of the teacher considering whether the
learning material is suitable to the students. ICT for learning media gives assistance to the teacher and the students to have more effective way of learning.
The positive effect of the ICT use in education is undoubted for both the teacher and the students. The role of ICT is helpful to improve the quality of the
education. The process of learning is more effective and enjoyable. But one big question that may arise is what the teacher suppose to do to provide the materials
that is effective and enjoyable in the EFL teaching and learning process by means of ICT so that the quality of language learning will improve well.
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This paper will propose two kinds of alternatives to involve ICT in the EFL to optimized teaching and learning process that will be discussed more
technically rather than theoretically. The guidance in the QCA Schemes of Work for ICT defines that
information and communication technologies ICT are the computing and communication facilities and features that variously support teaching, learning
and a range of activities in education. Such ICT-related activities include, for example, the use of:
1. Broadcast material or CR-ROM as sources of information in history. 2. Micro-computers with appropriate keyboards and other devices to teach
literacy and writing. 3. Keyboards, effects and sequencer in music teaching.
4. Devices to facilitate communication for pupils with special needs. 5. Electronic toys to develop spatial awareness and psycho-motor control.
6. Email to support collaborative writing and sharing resources. 7. Video-conferencing to support the teaching of modern foreign languages.
8. Internet-based research to support geographical enquiry. 9. Integrated learning system ILS to teach basic numeracy.
10. Communication technology to exchange administrative and assessment data. ICT has become, within a very short time, one of the basic building
blocks of modern society. Many countries now regard understanding ICT and
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mastering the basic skills and concepts of ICT as part of the core of education, alongside reading, writing and numeracy.
As ICT becomes more widely used in classrooms and schools, attention is being focused on how ICT can make teaching and learning more effective. In
more specific point of view related to the use of ICT in learning, Oliver 2003 states that the C in ICT was introduced because it has become obvious that the
technology is at least as important as a means of communication as a device for handling information. Seen as communication tools, computers have an obvious
place in language teaching and learning. The C in ICT can help us to remember a number of key points to bear in mind when using computers in English
classrooms.
8. Face book for learning Writing
