xx Have Been” episode of “Friends, under the title of “An Analysis Of Humor
Types And Grice’s Maxim In The Situation Comedy Friends Episode of The One With That Could Have Been.”
B. PROBLEM STATEMENT
Stimulated by the background as clarified above, the researcher proposed the problem as follows:
1. What kinds of humors are employed by the characters in their
conversation in the situation comedy Friends in the episode of “The One With That Could Have Been?’ based on the theory of
humor by Anthony L. Audrieth? 2.
How are the Grice’s Maxims applied in each type of those humors in the film?
C. RESEARCH LIMITATION
The researcher employs pragmatic approach to analyze what kinds of humor used in this film. From pragmatics perspective, humor can be seen as the
deviation of the Cooperative Principle, Politeness Principle in communication, the use of Irony Principle, hyperbole, and litotes, and also the contradiction between
acts of speech acts. However, this research is only focused on humors as the deviation of the Cooperative Principle and its maxims.
xxi The researcher will interpret the verbal humor expression used by the
characters with the four maxims of the Cooperative Principle and combine it with the theory of humor by Anthony L. Audrieth.
D. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
The aims of this research are: 1.
To describe kinds of humor expressed by the characters in the situation comedy FRIENDS in the episode of ‘The One with
That Could Have Been’ based on the theory of humor by Anthony L. Audrieth.
2. To describe the application of Grice’s maxims in each types of
humor in the film.
E. RESEARCH BENEFIT
The researcher expects that this research will give input to the students and lecturers of English Department in their attempts of learning and developing the
language communication principles concerning with Grice’s maxims which are combined with the type of humor based on the theory of humor of Anthony L.
Audrieth.
F. RESEARCH METODOLOGY
xxii This research is a descriptive qualitative research since it takes some steps
such as collecting data as they are, analyzing the data, and drawing the conclusion. Bogdan and Taylor argue that a qualitative methodology refers to the
research procedure which brings about descriptive data both in written or spoken forms available to be examined Moleong, 1990:3.
This research uses a descriptive method, which means that the activities in this research are collecting data, analyzing data and drawing conclusion. It is
conducted by collecting data, classifying data, and analyzing data and drawing conclusion Surakhmad, 1990:147.
This research also applies a purposive sampling technique to obtain the data needed. Sutopo 2002:56 gives an explanation about the purposive
sampling: “purposive sampling adalah pengambilan data yang didasarkan atas pertimbangan tertentu.” In the purposive sampling, the data are taken based on the
certain criterion. So the data of the research are all humor utterances expressed by the characters in FRIENDS in the episode of “The One With That Could Have
Been” which have the same characteristics with the types of humor classified by Anthony L. Audrieth. This research will describe the types of humor used in each
data and then combine it with the Grice’s maxims to determine what maxims are obeyed or disobeyed to create the humor situation. The detail explanation of the
research methodology will be in the different chapter which is chapter three in which the research methodology resides within.
xxiii
CHAPTER II LITERARY REVIEW
