D. Theoretical Framework
The writer uses some theories to find the answers of the questions that have been formulated in the chapter I. Those theories and reviews are needed in
this study in order to help the writer analyzes the novel. The first problem will be answered by using the theory of character by M.H. Abrams and Geoffrey Galt
Harpham and Richard Gill. The writer uses the theory of characterization by M.J.
Murphy. Thus, the theory will help the writer to be able for portraying the characteristics of Ruth Young.
To answer the second question in the problem formulation, theory of
conflict by Edward J. Gordon and another theory by Frank Madden will be
applied by the writer. The theory of conflict is applicable to find out the cultural conflicts that are experienced by Ruth Young. The internal and external conflicts
that are experienced by Ruth Young can be analyzed by using the theory of conflicts.
In the order to reveal the reconciliation of Ruth Young, what process of acculturation that she chooses to reconcile and how it helps her reconcile herself
with the cultural conflicts, the writer uses the theory of acculturation strategies. With the theory of acculturation strategies, the writer will be able to give the
a nalysis of Ruth Young’s way to reconcile with the society and how she
negotiates herself with those cultural differences. The review of related background enriches and completes the theories that
are needed in this study. The historical review of the Chinese immigrants in the
United States and the social context within the immigrants will be used in the analysis of second and third questions in the problem formulation. The review on
cultural context, review on values, and review on Chinese parenting system will also be applied when answering the second and third questions in the problem
formulation. Those reviews are relevant and will help the writer to understand this study and also give the background knowledge to understand this topic. All of the
reviews will be used to give a clear explanation in the analysis. The last review will be applied in the last question in the problem formulation. By looking at the
review on reconcile cultural differences, the writer can conclude the way Ruth Young reconciles herself with the cultural differences.
27
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
A. Object of the Study
The Bonesetter’s Daughter is one of Amy Tan’s best-selling works. Tan is known as the writer of the New York Bestseller The Joy Luck Club 1989 and
The Kitchen God’s Wife 1991. Tan also has several books, such as The Hundred Secret Senses
1998, The Opposite of Fate 2003, and Saving Fish From Drowning
2005. The Bonesetter’s Daughter is first published in Great Britain by
Flamingo in 2001. The work was brought into an opera based on the novel. It is premiered on
13 September 2008 at the War Memorial Opera House of San Francisco Opera. Amy Tan wrote the libretto for the opera. There were one prologue and two acts
that both of the acts consist of two scenes. This study used the novel that is published by Harper Perennial in 2004.
The Bonesetter’s Daughter consists of 339 pages and it is divided into prologue, three chapters, and epilogue. The prologue in the novel entitled Truth. It is the
introduction from LuLing Liu Young as the woman major character. The first chapter takes setting in the present day in San Francisco, introduces Ruth Young,
a Chinese American woman and her Chinese Immigrant mother, LuLing. LuLing suffers from a dementia and
Ruth becomes aware of the effect of her mother’s memory loss.
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