The Objective of the Study The Scope of the Study

65 the contestants. However, “conflict” as male charactiristics and “compromise” as female characteristics were not found in this findings. 3. The reason why male commentators of Indonesian Idol used report talk whereas female commentators used rapport talk was because male treated the language as a way to give factual information, whereas females did it as a way to negotitate closeness and intimacy. 1.2 Suggestions Due to the above conclusions, it is necessary to give suggestions as the following: a. It is suggested to the readers to increase their understanding of how males and females communicate in their interaction to other people since gender differences in communication potentially create misunderstanding. b. It is suggested to other researchers especially the researchers majoring in English Applied Linguistics to conduct further research in other field of making communications, such as in daily conversation, debate, speech and so on to develop the theory of gender differences in communication and also to enrich the researchers and the readers’ knowledge on gender differences theories. c. It is suggested to the lecturers of language to introduce the theory of gender differences in communication to their students so that it can be an additional references in teaching and learning process. 66 REFERENCES Azhar, S. and Mohindra, V. 2012. Gender Communication: A Comparative Analysis of Communicational Approaches of Men and Women at Workplaces. IQSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science JHSS. Volume 2, Issue 1 Sep- Oct, 2012, PP 18-27 Climate, C. 1997. Men and Women Talking: The Differential Use of Speech and Language by Gender. Eckert, Penelope and Sally McConnell-Ginet. 2003. Language and Gender. New York: Cambridge University Press. Haas, A. 1979. Male and Female Spoken Language Differences: Stereotypes and Evidence. Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 86, No. 3, 615-626 Holmes, J. 1992. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. New York: Longman. Holmes, J. 2001. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics, 2nd ed. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited. Keith, G and Shuttleworth, J. 2000. Living Language. London: Hodder Stoughton Educational. Lakoff, Robin. 1975. Language and Woman’s Place. Language and society, 2, 45-79. Lincoln, Yuonnas Guba Egon G. 1985. Naturalistic inquiry, London: Sage Publication. Merriam, S.B. 1998. Qualitative Research and Case Studies Applications in Education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publications. Miles, M, Huberman. A.M. 1984. Qualitative Data Analysis. Beverly Hills: California Sage Publication. Mayring, P. 2000. Qualitative Content Analysis. Forum: Qualitative Social Research Maltz, D. and Borker, R. 1982. A Cultural Approach to Male-Female Miscommunication. In Marry 2003, pp.122