36 subjects. Next, the researcher prepared a multiple choice test before being taught and
then the researcher taught the subject of elliptical in front of the class. And after that, did the test again after being taught . And the last, the researcher used descriptive
method to describe all the point that involved by each learners. Then the researcher made the result test of the learners. The researcher combined the result of learners
test before and after being taught.
3.2 Population and Sample
The word “population” might mean differently in different situation or context. Based on The Oxford Advance Learner’s Dictionary 1974 : 649, it
explains that, “ population is the member of the people living in a place, country, etc or a special section of them.” According the quotation above, the population of a
country is people, but the population of a research can be people, social phenomena, language, and any other things, which may be relevant to the study. In this case,
population is a group of individual or item to be studied. Sample was used as an object to represent the population. It was impossible
for the researcher to take all population to be the object of this thesis. Therefore, the researcher took some learners as samples and informants. The sample of this thesis is
grade IX of “Bimbel Medica” learners on Jl.Iskandar Muda no 19A Medan.
3.3 The Techniques of Collecting Data
In order to collect the data, the researcher did some steps. first, researcher collected the data by using observation and test. These two steps have their own
advantages. By doing observation the researcher knew about the learners problems in elliptical sentences. By giving the test, the researcher got the data based on their
37 ability in mastering English elliptical construction. In fact, if someone do a research
without using any technique of collecting the data, it will be impossible to complete the analysis.
3.4 Data Collection Procedure
According to Wikipedia, “Data is a set of values of qualitative or quantitative variables; restated, pieces of data are individual pieces of information. Data is
measured, collected and reported, and analyzed, where upon it can be visualized using graphs or images.” It means that data is instrument for researcher to measure,
reported and analyzed to be information in answering questions of problem and making conclusion and suggestion.
Based on the explanation above, library research was done to find the theory of ability and grammar in compiling information of data related of literature. Then,
field research was done when collecting data from “Bimbel Medica” for analyzing the learners’ ability.
In analyzing the problem, some baseline data was needed that represent learner’s ability by giving them a grammar test. It was done by the grade IX of
“Bimbel Medica” learners by giving them 30 questions of multiple choice. In scoring the test, it was given one point for one question. So, there are 30 questions which are
conducted in 60 minutes. It was enough because Lado 1961:20 says, “We must test in one hour what has been learned in a month or a year or five years”.
Then, the researcher arranged the test as follows : 1. Test on the use of positive elliptical, number 1-10 in multiple choice
2. Test on the use of negative elliptical , number 11-20 in multiple choice
38 3. Test on the use of opposite ellipitical, number 21-30 in multiple choice
In this research, the test had been given to them which should be filled by thirty learners who were selected at random. After doing the test, the answer-sheets
were collected.
3.5 Technique of Data Analysis
