omission of
for viruses
in the sentence. Hence, the answer is incorrect because the sentence of causative should have
our computer
after
have
causative.
e. The Combinations of Some Errors
The researcher also found some combination of errors in several answers in Part B. The combinations of errors in Table 4.6 are the combination of misformation
and misordering, misformation and omission, omission and misordering, omission and misformation, addition and misformation, addition and omission, and addition
and misordering. One example is student’s answer in question 8. Question 8
: Where did you get someone to repair your car? We’re looking for a good mechanic.
SA : Where did your car is repaired?
In this example, there are two errors in the student’s answer. First is the
omission of the phrase ‘We’re looking for a good mechanic’. This omission may be
caused by the instruction that the students are asked to change the active causative sentence only. Therefore, heshe only changed the active causative sentence into
passive structure. The other missing things in the answer are
you
and
get
. You is omitted because the student transfered the sentence into Indonesian as
“Dimana mobilmu diperbaiki?”. In the other hand, it seemed that the student acknowledged
that the verb for the passive sentence should only be one verb, so heshe omitted
get
and decided
repaired
as the verb for the passive sentence. Second, the sentence pattern shows two kinds of be:
did
and
is
.
Did
refers to the subject
your car
while
is
refers to the past participle
repaired
. The use of
is
in the answer is an addition error. Furthermore, it may relate to the form of passive sentence
in Indonesian. The passive form in Indonesian is marked by the presence of {
di-
} before the verb Moeliono, 1987: 280. Due to the transfer of language
diperbaiki
in Indonesian, the student finally decided to put
is
before
repaired
. Moreover, Table 4.6 shows that the mixing of addition and misformation has
the highest number compared to other combinations in total errors. This can be observed from student’s answer in question 9.
Question 9 : We need to have someone check out our computer for viruses.
SA : Someone is had to be needed to check out our computer.
Student’s answer above has four types of mistakes. First, the student changed the sentence into regular passive voice. It can be observed from be
is
in the sentence. The researcher tried to observe all the answers done by the student who wrote the
sentence above. The result was the student changed the entire question into regular passive voice. It shows that the student did not acknowledge the passive form of
causative. In the other hand, the student only changed the sentence into what heshe only knew about that was the form of regular passive voice.
Second, the student misunderstood
have
causative in the sentence and considered it as modal form of
have to
. It is probably because the word
to have
in the question that had tricked the student to think it as modal of
have to
. As the result, the student changed it into the passive form of
have to
as modal:
had to be needed
. Third, the student put double be in the sentence:
is
and
had
. This kind of error is called double marking which can be categorized as addition error Dulay, Burt, and
