kd Tasik 1004114 Table of Content
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ............................................................................ i
KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................ ii
ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................... v
DAFTAR ISI ....................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................... xi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Penelitian ................................................................ 1
B. Identifikasi Masalah Penelitian ........................................................ 4
C. Rumusan Masalah Penelitian ........................................................... 4
D. Tujuan Penelitian.............................................................................. 4
E. Manfaat Penelitian............................................................................ 5
F. Struktur Organisasi Skripsi .............................................................. 6
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA, KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN DAN HIPOTESIS
PENELITIAN
A. Kajian Pustaka .................................................................................. 8
1. Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di Sekolah Dasar .................. 8
2. Menulis Karangan Deskripsi ...................................................... 10
3. Model Pembelajaran ................................................................... 13
4. Model Pembelajaran Think-Talk-Write ...................................... 14
B. Kerangka Pemikiran ......................................................................... 17
C. Hipotesis Penelitian .......................................................................... 18
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
A. Lokasi, Populasi dan Sampel Penelitian .......................................... 20
B. Desain Penelitian .............................................................................. 21
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C. Metode Penelitian ............................................................................. 22
D. Definisi Operasional Variabel Penelitian ......................................... 23
E. Instrumen Penelitian ......................................................................... 24
F. Proses Pengembangan Instrumen ..................................................... 26
G. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ............................................................... 31
H. Teknik Analisis Data ........................................................................ 31
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Hasil Penelitian ................................................................................ 37
1. Analisis Data .............................................................................. 37
2. Uji Asumsi Dasar ....................................................................... 68
B. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian ........................................................... 74
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan....................................................................................... 82
B. Saran ................................................................................................. 83
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................... 84
LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................................ 87
RIWAYAT HIDUP
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel
Halaman
3.1 Hasil Uji Validitas Instrumen........................................................................ 27
3.2 Reliability Statistics....................................................................................... 29
3.3 Hasil Uji Reliabilitas Instrumen .................................................................... 29
3.4 Interval Kategori ........................................................................................... 32
4.1 Rambu-Rambu Interval Kategori Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Karangan
Deskripsi ....................................................................................................... 37
4.2 Interval Kategori Pre-Test dan Post-Test Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis
Karangan Deskripsi ....................................................................................... 40
4.3 Hasil Pre-Test Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Karangan Deskripsi ...... 40
4.4 Data Statistik Pre-Test .................................................................................. 42
4.5 Distribusi Frekuensi Interval Kategori Pre-Test Kemampuan Siswa dalam
Menulis Karangan Deskripsi ......................................................................... 43
4.6 Hasil Post-Test Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Karangan Deskripsi .... 44
4.7 Data Statistik Post-Test ................................................................................. 45
4.8 Distribusi Frekuensi Interval Kategori Post-Test Kemampuan Siswa dalam
Menulis Karangan Deskripsi ......................................................................... 46
4.9 Perbandingan Hasil Pre-Test dan Post-Test.................................................. 48
4.10 Perbandingan Data Statistik Pre-Test dan Post-Test .................................... 49
4.11 Perbandingan Distribusi Frekuensi Interval Kategori Pre-Test dan Post-Test
Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Karangan Deskripsi .............................. 50
4.12 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Kesesuaian dengan Tema ........... 52
4.13 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Kesesuaian dengan Judul............ 54
4.14 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Kesesuaian dengan Objek yang
Digambarkan ................................................................................................. 55
4.15 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Penciptaan Kesan Pembaca ........ 57
4.16 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Urutan Berpikir ........................... 59
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4.17 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Pemilihan Kosakata .................... 60
4.18 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Struktur Kalimat ......................... 62
4.19 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Penggunaan Huruf Kapital ......... 64
4.20 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Penggunaan Tanda Baca............. 65
4.21 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Kerapihan Tulisan ...................... 67
4.22 Uji Normalitas Pre-Test Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Karangan
Deskripsi ....................................................................................................... 69
4.23 Uji Normalitas Post-Test Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Karangan
Deskripsi ....................................................................................................... 70
4.24 Hasil Perhitungan Uji Homogenitas Varians Kemampuan Siswa dalam
Menulis Karangan Deskripsi ......................................................................... 72
4.25 Paired Samples Correlations ........................................................................ 73
4.26 Paired Samples Test ...................................................................................... 73
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar
Halaman
2.1 Alur Kerangka Berpikir ............................................................................... 18
2.2 Hasil Pre-Test dan Post-Test ....................................................................... 18
3.1 Desain Penelitian ........................................................................................... 22
4.1 Grafik Distribusi Frekuensi Interval Kategori Pre-Test .............................. 43
4.2 Grafik Distribusi Frekuensi Interval Kategori Post-Test ............................. 47
4.3 Grafik Perbandingan Hasil Pre-Test ke Post-Test ....................................... 49
4.4 Grafik Perbandingan Distribusi Frekuensi Interval Kategori Pre-Test ke PostTest ............................................................................................................... 51
4.5 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Kesesuaian dengan Tema .................................... 53
4.6 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Kesesuaian dengan Judul ..................................... 55
4.7 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Kesesuaian dengan Objek yang Digambarkan .... 57
4.8 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Penciptaan Kesan Pembaca ................................. 58
4.9 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Urutan Berpikir .................................................... 60
4.10 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Pemilihan Kosakata ............................................ 62
4.11 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Struktur Kalimat ................................................. 63
4.12 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Penggunaan Huruf Kapital ................................. 65
4.13 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Penggunaan Tanda Baca..................................... 66
4.14 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Kerapihan Tulisan............................................... 68
4.15 Grafik Data Pre-Test Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Karangan
Deskripsi ...................................................................................................... 70
4.16 Grafik Data Post-Test Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Karangan
Deskripsi ...................................................................................................... 71
4.17 Grafik Distribusi Frekuensi Interval Kategori Pre-Test ............................. 75
4.18 Grafik Distribusi Frekuensi Interval Kategori Post-Test ............................ 76
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran
Halaman
1.1 Kriteria Penilaian ......................................................................................... 88
1.2 Data Hasil Uji Instrumen ............................................................................. 91
1.3 Data Hasil Uji Validitas ............................................................................... 92
1.4 Contoh Perhitungan Uji Validitas Aspek 1 .................................................. 93
1.5 Tabel Distribusi Nilai rtabel ........................................................................... 95
1.6 Tabel Distribusi ttabel .................................................................................... 96
1.7 Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran ............................................................ 98
2.1 Skor Pre-Test ............................................................................................... 107
2.2 Skor Post-Test .............................................................................................. 108
2.3 Karangan Hasil Pre-Test Siswa ................................................................... 109
2.4 Karangan Hasil Post-Test Siswa .................................................................. 112
3.1 SK Pengesahan Judul dan Pengangkatan Dosen Pembimbing Skripsi ........ 116
3.2 Surat Permohonan Ijin Penelitian dari Kampus UPI Tasikmalaya ke Kantor
Kesbang dan Politik ..................................................................................... 117
3.3 Surat Permohonan Ijin Penelitian dari Kampus UPI Tasikmalaya ke Dinas
Pendidikan.................................................................................................... 118
3.4 Surat Ijin Penelitian dari Kantor Kesatuan Bangsa dan Linmas .................. 119
3.5 Surat Ijin Penelitian dari Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Tasikmalaya ......... 120
3.6 Surat Ijin Penelitian dari UPTD Pendidikan Kecamatan Singaparna .......... 121
3.7 Surat Keterangan Penelitian dari SDN 2 Cintaraja ...................................... 122
4.1 Profil SDN 2 Cintaraja ................................................................................. 124
4.2 Dokumentasi Uji Instrumen di SDN 1 Cintaraja ......................................... 130
4.3 Dokumentasi Pre-Test di SDN 2 Cintaraja .................................................. 131
4.4 Dokumentasi Post-Test di SDN 2 Cintaraja ................................................ 132
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Halaman
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ............................................................................ i
KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................ ii
ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................... v
DAFTAR ISI ....................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................... xi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Penelitian ................................................................ 1
B. Identifikasi Masalah Penelitian ........................................................ 4
C. Rumusan Masalah Penelitian ........................................................... 4
D. Tujuan Penelitian.............................................................................. 4
E. Manfaat Penelitian............................................................................ 5
F. Struktur Organisasi Skripsi .............................................................. 6
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA, KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN DAN HIPOTESIS
PENELITIAN
A. Kajian Pustaka .................................................................................. 8
1. Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di Sekolah Dasar .................. 8
2. Menulis Karangan Deskripsi ...................................................... 10
3. Model Pembelajaran ................................................................... 13
4. Model Pembelajaran Think-Talk-Write ...................................... 14
B. Kerangka Pemikiran ......................................................................... 17
C. Hipotesis Penelitian .......................................................................... 18
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
A. Lokasi, Populasi dan Sampel Penelitian .......................................... 20
B. Desain Penelitian .............................................................................. 21
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C. Metode Penelitian ............................................................................. 22
D. Definisi Operasional Variabel Penelitian ......................................... 23
E. Instrumen Penelitian ......................................................................... 24
F. Proses Pengembangan Instrumen ..................................................... 26
G. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ............................................................... 31
H. Teknik Analisis Data ........................................................................ 31
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Hasil Penelitian ................................................................................ 37
1. Analisis Data .............................................................................. 37
2. Uji Asumsi Dasar ....................................................................... 68
B. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian ........................................................... 74
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan....................................................................................... 82
B. Saran ................................................................................................. 83
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................... 84
LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................................ 87
RIWAYAT HIDUP
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel
Halaman
3.1 Hasil Uji Validitas Instrumen........................................................................ 27
3.2 Reliability Statistics....................................................................................... 29
3.3 Hasil Uji Reliabilitas Instrumen .................................................................... 29
3.4 Interval Kategori ........................................................................................... 32
4.1 Rambu-Rambu Interval Kategori Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Karangan
Deskripsi ....................................................................................................... 37
4.2 Interval Kategori Pre-Test dan Post-Test Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis
Karangan Deskripsi ....................................................................................... 40
4.3 Hasil Pre-Test Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Karangan Deskripsi ...... 40
4.4 Data Statistik Pre-Test .................................................................................. 42
4.5 Distribusi Frekuensi Interval Kategori Pre-Test Kemampuan Siswa dalam
Menulis Karangan Deskripsi ......................................................................... 43
4.6 Hasil Post-Test Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Karangan Deskripsi .... 44
4.7 Data Statistik Post-Test ................................................................................. 45
4.8 Distribusi Frekuensi Interval Kategori Post-Test Kemampuan Siswa dalam
Menulis Karangan Deskripsi ......................................................................... 46
4.9 Perbandingan Hasil Pre-Test dan Post-Test.................................................. 48
4.10 Perbandingan Data Statistik Pre-Test dan Post-Test .................................... 49
4.11 Perbandingan Distribusi Frekuensi Interval Kategori Pre-Test dan Post-Test
Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Karangan Deskripsi .............................. 50
4.12 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Kesesuaian dengan Tema ........... 52
4.13 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Kesesuaian dengan Judul............ 54
4.14 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Kesesuaian dengan Objek yang
Digambarkan ................................................................................................. 55
4.15 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Penciptaan Kesan Pembaca ........ 57
4.16 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Urutan Berpikir ........................... 59
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4.17 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Pemilihan Kosakata .................... 60
4.18 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Struktur Kalimat ......................... 62
4.19 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Penggunaan Huruf Kapital ......... 64
4.20 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Penggunaan Tanda Baca............. 65
4.21 Nilai Gain Pre-Test dan Post-Test Aspek Kerapihan Tulisan ...................... 67
4.22 Uji Normalitas Pre-Test Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Karangan
Deskripsi ....................................................................................................... 69
4.23 Uji Normalitas Post-Test Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Karangan
Deskripsi ....................................................................................................... 70
4.24 Hasil Perhitungan Uji Homogenitas Varians Kemampuan Siswa dalam
Menulis Karangan Deskripsi ......................................................................... 72
4.25 Paired Samples Correlations ........................................................................ 73
4.26 Paired Samples Test ...................................................................................... 73
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar
Halaman
2.1 Alur Kerangka Berpikir ............................................................................... 18
2.2 Hasil Pre-Test dan Post-Test ....................................................................... 18
3.1 Desain Penelitian ........................................................................................... 22
4.1 Grafik Distribusi Frekuensi Interval Kategori Pre-Test .............................. 43
4.2 Grafik Distribusi Frekuensi Interval Kategori Post-Test ............................. 47
4.3 Grafik Perbandingan Hasil Pre-Test ke Post-Test ....................................... 49
4.4 Grafik Perbandingan Distribusi Frekuensi Interval Kategori Pre-Test ke PostTest ............................................................................................................... 51
4.5 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Kesesuaian dengan Tema .................................... 53
4.6 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Kesesuaian dengan Judul ..................................... 55
4.7 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Kesesuaian dengan Objek yang Digambarkan .... 57
4.8 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Penciptaan Kesan Pembaca ................................. 58
4.9 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Urutan Berpikir .................................................... 60
4.10 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Pemilihan Kosakata ............................................ 62
4.11 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Struktur Kalimat ................................................. 63
4.12 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Penggunaan Huruf Kapital ................................. 65
4.13 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Penggunaan Tanda Baca..................................... 66
4.14 Grafik Nilai Gain Aspek Kerapihan Tulisan............................................... 68
4.15 Grafik Data Pre-Test Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Karangan
Deskripsi ...................................................................................................... 70
4.16 Grafik Data Post-Test Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Karangan
Deskripsi ...................................................................................................... 71
4.17 Grafik Distribusi Frekuensi Interval Kategori Pre-Test ............................. 75
4.18 Grafik Distribusi Frekuensi Interval Kategori Post-Test ............................ 76
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran
Halaman
1.1 Kriteria Penilaian ......................................................................................... 88
1.2 Data Hasil Uji Instrumen ............................................................................. 91
1.3 Data Hasil Uji Validitas ............................................................................... 92
1.4 Contoh Perhitungan Uji Validitas Aspek 1 .................................................. 93
1.5 Tabel Distribusi Nilai rtabel ........................................................................... 95
1.6 Tabel Distribusi ttabel .................................................................................... 96
1.7 Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran ............................................................ 98
2.1 Skor Pre-Test ............................................................................................... 107
2.2 Skor Post-Test .............................................................................................. 108
2.3 Karangan Hasil Pre-Test Siswa ................................................................... 109
2.4 Karangan Hasil Post-Test Siswa .................................................................. 112
3.1 SK Pengesahan Judul dan Pengangkatan Dosen Pembimbing Skripsi ........ 116
3.2 Surat Permohonan Ijin Penelitian dari Kampus UPI Tasikmalaya ke Kantor
Kesbang dan Politik ..................................................................................... 117
3.3 Surat Permohonan Ijin Penelitian dari Kampus UPI Tasikmalaya ke Dinas
Pendidikan.................................................................................................... 118
3.4 Surat Ijin Penelitian dari Kantor Kesatuan Bangsa dan Linmas .................. 119
3.5 Surat Ijin Penelitian dari Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Tasikmalaya ......... 120
3.6 Surat Ijin Penelitian dari UPTD Pendidikan Kecamatan Singaparna .......... 121
3.7 Surat Keterangan Penelitian dari SDN 2 Cintaraja ...................................... 122
4.1 Profil SDN 2 Cintaraja ................................................................................. 124
4.2 Dokumentasi Uji Instrumen di SDN 1 Cintaraja ......................................... 130
4.3 Dokumentasi Pre-Test di SDN 2 Cintaraja .................................................. 131
4.4 Dokumentasi Post-Test di SDN 2 Cintaraja ................................................ 132
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