Keragaman Jenis Pisang (Musa spp.) di Jawa Barat Berdasarkan Dominansi Penyebaran dan Karakter Agro-Morfologi.
ABSTRAK
Ardya Rifiantara. 2013. Keragaman Jenis Pisang (Musa spp.) Di Jawa Barat Berdasarkan
Dominansi Penyebaran Dan Karakter Agro-Morfologi. Dibimbing oleh Ade Ismail dan Nono
Carsono.
Pisang merupakan komoditas penting di Indonesia. Jawa Barat adalah salah satu pusat
keragaman pisang di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi tingkat keragaman
jenis pisang di Jawa Barat. Penelitian dilakukan sejak bulan Mei hingga bulan Juli 2012 di
delapan kota/kabupaten di Jawa Barat (Bandung Barat, Sumedang, Sukabumi, Garut, Cirebon,
Kuningan, Banjar, dan Ciamis). Pengamatan menggunakan metode survey dan eksplorasi dengan
penentuan lokasi dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Dalam penelitian ditemukan 49 jenis
pisang yang tumbuh di Jawa Barat dengan tingkat keragaman tinggi. Berdasarkan Indeks Nilai
Penting (INP), pisang Nangka adalah pisang yang paling dominan (INP 50.6%) di Jawa Barat.
Di posisi kedua dan ketiga yaitu pisang Ambon Lumut (INP 28.3%) dan pisang Siem (INP
15.5%). Analisis Komponen Utama dan Analisis Klaster dilakukan pada 120 aksesi dari 37 jenis
pisang dan 37 aksesi dari 37 jenis pisang. Pada 120 aksesi pisang, karakter yang paling
berkontribusi pada keragaman adalah karakter panjang daun dan tinggi tanaman. Sedangkan
pada 37 aksesi, karakter yang paling berkontribusi pada keragaman adalah karakter panjang
daun, tinggi tanaman, jumlah buah per sisir dan bentuk daun. Melalui dendogram, jarak
disimiliaritas dari dua kelompok aksesi menunjukkan variasi yang luas. Dapat disimpulkan
berdasarkan data-data yang diperoleh dan hasil analisis, Jawa Barat memiliki keragaman jenis
pisang yang luas berdasarkan dominansi penyebaran dan karakter agro-morfologi pisang.
Keyword : keragaman, pisang, jawa barat
ABSTRACT
Ardya Rifiantara. 2013. Diversity of Banana (Musa spp.) in West Java Based on Domination
and Agro-Morphology Traits. Supervised by Ade Ismail and Nono Carsono.
Banana is an important commodity in Indonesia. West Java is one of center for diversity
of banana in Indonesia. This research was aimed to estimate the level of banana diversity in West
Java. This research was started in May to July 2012 in eight cities in West Java (West Bandung,
Sumedang, Sukabumi, Garut, Cirebon, Kuningan, Banjar and Ciamis). The methods applied
were survey and exploration which the locations were chosen by purposive sampling. The result
indicated that were founded 49 types of banana in West Java. The score level of diversity was
2.72, indicated that the diversity level was high. Based on Important Score Index (ISI), Nangka
was the most dominant cultivar (ISI 50.6 %) in West Java. On the second and third position were
Ambon Lumut (ISI 28.3 %) and Siem (ISI 15.5 %). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and
Cluster Analysis were done to 120 accessions of 37 types of banana and 37 accessions of 37
types of banana. It was indicated that the most contributing character for banana variations of
120 accessions were the length of leaf and the height of the plant. While on the 37 accessions the
most contributing character were the length of leaf, the height of plant, fruits per bunch and leaf
shape. Through the dendogram, the dissimilarity showed that in West Java banana has broad
variations. It was concluded that in West Java banana has high diversity based on domination
and agro-morphology traits.
Keywords : diversity, banana, west java
Ardya Rifiantara. 2013. Keragaman Jenis Pisang (Musa spp.) Di Jawa Barat Berdasarkan
Dominansi Penyebaran Dan Karakter Agro-Morfologi. Dibimbing oleh Ade Ismail dan Nono
Carsono.
Pisang merupakan komoditas penting di Indonesia. Jawa Barat adalah salah satu pusat
keragaman pisang di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi tingkat keragaman
jenis pisang di Jawa Barat. Penelitian dilakukan sejak bulan Mei hingga bulan Juli 2012 di
delapan kota/kabupaten di Jawa Barat (Bandung Barat, Sumedang, Sukabumi, Garut, Cirebon,
Kuningan, Banjar, dan Ciamis). Pengamatan menggunakan metode survey dan eksplorasi dengan
penentuan lokasi dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Dalam penelitian ditemukan 49 jenis
pisang yang tumbuh di Jawa Barat dengan tingkat keragaman tinggi. Berdasarkan Indeks Nilai
Penting (INP), pisang Nangka adalah pisang yang paling dominan (INP 50.6%) di Jawa Barat.
Di posisi kedua dan ketiga yaitu pisang Ambon Lumut (INP 28.3%) dan pisang Siem (INP
15.5%). Analisis Komponen Utama dan Analisis Klaster dilakukan pada 120 aksesi dari 37 jenis
pisang dan 37 aksesi dari 37 jenis pisang. Pada 120 aksesi pisang, karakter yang paling
berkontribusi pada keragaman adalah karakter panjang daun dan tinggi tanaman. Sedangkan
pada 37 aksesi, karakter yang paling berkontribusi pada keragaman adalah karakter panjang
daun, tinggi tanaman, jumlah buah per sisir dan bentuk daun. Melalui dendogram, jarak
disimiliaritas dari dua kelompok aksesi menunjukkan variasi yang luas. Dapat disimpulkan
berdasarkan data-data yang diperoleh dan hasil analisis, Jawa Barat memiliki keragaman jenis
pisang yang luas berdasarkan dominansi penyebaran dan karakter agro-morfologi pisang.
Keyword : keragaman, pisang, jawa barat
ABSTRACT
Ardya Rifiantara. 2013. Diversity of Banana (Musa spp.) in West Java Based on Domination
and Agro-Morphology Traits. Supervised by Ade Ismail and Nono Carsono.
Banana is an important commodity in Indonesia. West Java is one of center for diversity
of banana in Indonesia. This research was aimed to estimate the level of banana diversity in West
Java. This research was started in May to July 2012 in eight cities in West Java (West Bandung,
Sumedang, Sukabumi, Garut, Cirebon, Kuningan, Banjar and Ciamis). The methods applied
were survey and exploration which the locations were chosen by purposive sampling. The result
indicated that were founded 49 types of banana in West Java. The score level of diversity was
2.72, indicated that the diversity level was high. Based on Important Score Index (ISI), Nangka
was the most dominant cultivar (ISI 50.6 %) in West Java. On the second and third position were
Ambon Lumut (ISI 28.3 %) and Siem (ISI 15.5 %). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and
Cluster Analysis were done to 120 accessions of 37 types of banana and 37 accessions of 37
types of banana. It was indicated that the most contributing character for banana variations of
120 accessions were the length of leaf and the height of the plant. While on the 37 accessions the
most contributing character were the length of leaf, the height of plant, fruits per bunch and leaf
shape. Through the dendogram, the dissimilarity showed that in West Java banana has broad
variations. It was concluded that in West Java banana has high diversity based on domination
and agro-morphology traits.
Keywords : diversity, banana, west java