HUBUNGAN PERSEPSI GURU TERHADAP GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN KEMAMPUAN BERKOMUNIKASI DENGAN KINERJA GURU DI MADRASAH ALIYAH NEGERI (MAN) KOTA PADANGSIDEMPUAN.
ABSTRAK
Ahamad Saipuddio Harahap. NIM. 071188130026. Hubungan Persepsi Guru
Terhadap Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah Dan Kemampuan
Berkomunikasi Dengan Kinerja Guru di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) di
Kota Padangsidimpuan. Tesis: Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Medan 2009.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui; .(1) hubungan persepsi
guru terhadap gaya kepemimpinan kepaJa sekolah dengan kinelja guru, (2)
hubungan komunikasi dengan kinelja guru, (3) hubungan persepsi guru terhadap
gaya kepemirnpinan kepala sekolah dan komunikasi secaca bersama-sama dengan
kinelja guru..
Populasi penelitian ini beJjumlah l 06 guru dan diambil sampel penelitian
sebanyak 45 guru, yang berdasarkan kepada; (1) jenjang pendidikan S-1 dan S-2,
2) Status guru yang terdiri dari PNS dan Non PNS. Sebelum dilakukan penelitian
terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji coba instrumen terhadap populasi diluar sampel
yang beljumlah 30 guru guna untuk mengetahui validitas dan reliabilitas
instrumen.
Hasil uji coba angket persepsi guru terhadap gaya kepemimpinan kepaJa
sekolah diperoleh 3 butir tidak valid dengan koefisien reliabilitas 0,94, angket
Komunikasi diperoleh 5 butir tidak valid dengan koefisien reliabilitas 0,84, angket
kinelja guru 5 butir tidak valid dengan koefisien reliabilitas 0,93.
Teknik analisis yang dilakukan adalah teknik analisis korelasi dan regresi.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan; ( 1) terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signiftkan
antara persepsi guru terhadap gaya kepemirnpinan kepala sekolah dengan kinelja
guru dengan koefisien korelasi 0,70, (2) terdapat hubungan yang positif dan
signiftkan antara hubungan komunikasi dengan kinerja guru 'dengan koefisien
korelasi 0,48, (3) terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara hubungan
persepsi guru terhadap gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan komunikasi secaca
bersama-sama dengan kinelja guru dengan koefisien korelasi 0,70, pada taraf
signifikansi 0,05 = 5 %.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa variabel
persepsi guru terhadap gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan komunikasi cukup
berarti /signifikan dalam mempengaruhi kinelja guru dengan koefisien 49,48 %.
Hasil penelitian ini kiranya dapat bermanfaat bagi para guru dan kepaJa sekolah
guna peningkatan gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan komunkasi terhadap
kinelja guru.
ABSTRACT
Ahmad Saipuddin Harahap. NIM. 071188130026. A correlation of perception
of teacher to the leadership style of principal and communica tion to the
performance of teacher at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) in
Padangsidimpuan. Thesis: Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Meda n 2009.
This research aims to study (1 ) a correlation of perception of teacher to the
leadership style of principal and the performance o f teacher, (2) a correlation
between communication and performance of teacher, (3) a correlatio n of teacher
perception to the leadership style of principal and communication to the
performance of teacher simultaneously.
Population of this research are 160 teache rs and sample are 45 persons
based on (l) educational degree S l and S2, (2) status of teacher that consist o f
civil servant and non sivil servant Before study, the instrument was tested to the
population out of san1ple for 30 teachers to know the validity and reliability of
instrument.
The results of questionaire test of perception of teacher to the leadership
style of principal is 3 item are not valud with reliability coefficient 0.94,
communication questionaire with 5 items are not valid with reliability coefficient
0.84 and the quetionaire of teacher performance with 5 items are not valid with
reliability coefficient 0.93.
The applied analysis method is correlation and regression analysis. The
results of study indicates (I) there is a positive and significant correlation between
perception of teacher to the leadership style of principal with the performance of
teacher in correlation coefficient is 0.70. (2) there is a positive and significant
correlation between a communication and the performance· of teacher with
correltion coefficient is 0.48, (3) there is apositive and significant corelation
ebtween perception of teacher to the leadership style of principal and
communication simulatenously to the performance of teacher with correlation
coefficient is 0.70 on significant level 0.05 = 5 %.
Based on the resuds of this study it concluded that variable of teacher
perception to the leadership style of principal and communication is significant to
influence the teacher performance with coefficient 49.48 %. the results of this
study will useful for the teacher and principal to increase the leadership style of
principal and communication to the teacher performance.
DAFTAR lSl
ABSTRAK ................... ................................................................................... i
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... ii
KAT A PENGANTAR ..................................................................................... iii
DAFTAR lSI ..................................................................................... .............. v
DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................... vii
DAFTAR T ABEL ........... ............................................................................... viii
DAFTAR LAMPI RAN ......................................................... ...... .................... ix
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Masalah ......................................... ................ ...... .
B. ldentifikasi Masalah ...................................................................... 6
C. Pembatasan Masalah .... ................................................................. 6
D. Rumusan Masalah .......................................................... .. ............. 7
E. Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................... 7
F. Manfaat Penelitian ............................................ ............................. 8
BAB II l.ANDASAN TEORlTIS, KERANGKA BERPIKIR DAN
HIPOTESIS PENEUTIAN
A . Kinerja Guru . ....... ... .. ... ......................................... ... .......... ..... ....... I 0
B. Persepsi Guru terhadap Gaya Kepemimpinan
Kepala Sekolah ..... ................ .. .............. ...... ..... .... ... .. ... ..... ... .. ... . ... . 17
C. Komun ikasi ............................................ ....................................... 25
D. Penelitian Yang Relevan ....... ...... ........... ....................................... 30
E. Kerangk:a Berpikir ......................................................................... 32
F. Hipotesis Penelitian ....................................................................... 34
BAB lll METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
A. Jenis Penelitian ... .................................. ................ ................. ........ 35
B. Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ....................................................... 35
C. Po pulasi dan Sampel ..................................................................... 36
D. Defenisi Operasional ..................................................................... 39
v
E. Teknik Pengumpulan Oata .. .......................................................... 4 1
F. Uji Coba lnstrumen ....... ........... .................................................. ... 45
G. Tcknik Analisis Data ..................................................................... 48
BAB IV HASIL PENEUTIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Deskripsi Data Variabcl Penelitian ............................................... 5 1
B. Tingkat Kecenderungan Variabel Penditian ................................. 54
C. Pengujian Persyaratan Analisis ....... .............................................. 57
D. Pengujian Hipotesis ................. ........ .............................................. 62
E. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian ........................................................ 64
F. Keterbatasan Penelitian .................. ............................................... 67
BAB V KESIMPULAN, IMPLIKASI DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan ..................................................................................... 69
B. lmplikasi Penelitian ........................................................................ 70
C. Saran ......................................... ........................................... ........... 74
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..................................................................................... 76
LAMPIRAN .............................................. ... .. ................................................. 79
VI
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar
Halaman
3.1 Paradigma Hubungan Antar Variabel Penelitian ...................................... 34
4 .1 Histogram Skor Persepsi Guru terhadap Gaya Kepemimpinan
Kepala Sekolah ... ...... ... ... .. .... .. ... ... ....................... ....... ................. ............. 52
53
4.3 Histogram Skor Kinerja Guru .............................................. ..................... 54
vii
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel
Halaman
3.1. Skedul Penelitian ..................................................................................... 35
3.2. Keadaan Populasi penelitian berdasarkan sekolah ........... ........................ 36
3.3. Proporsi Strata ...................................................................................... .... 37
3.4. Ukuran Samel Penelitian .......................................................................... 39
3.5. Kisi-Kisi [nstrumen Kinerja Guru .... ........................................................ 42
3.6. Kisi-Kisi lnstrumen Persepsi Guru Terhadap Gaya
Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah ............................................................... 43
3.7. Kisi-Kisi lnstrumen Komunikasi ............................................................. 44
4. 1. Distribusi Frekuensi Data Persepsi G uru Terhadap Gaya
Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah ...... ....... ...... ... .. ......... ........ ...... ................ 51
4.2. Distribusi Frekuensi Komunikasi ............................................................. 52
4.3. Distribusi Frekuensi Kinetja Guru ........................................................... 53
4 .4. Statistik Dasar .......................................................................................... 54
4.5. Tingkat Kecenderungan variabel Persepsi Guru Terhadap Gaya
Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah ....... ........................................................ 55
4.6. Tingkat Kecenderungan variabel Komunikasi ......................................... 56
4.7. Tingkat Kecenderungan variabel Kinetja Guru ........................................ 56
4.8. Uji Nonr.a litas Data ......................................................................... ........ 56
4.9. Ringkasan ANA VA Untuk Regresi X 1 atas Y ......................................... 59
4.10. Ringkasan ANA VA Untuk Regresi X2 atas Y ........................................ 60
4.11 . Ringkasan ANA VA Untuk Regresi X1 dan X2 atas Y ......................... ... 60
4.12. Ringkasan Analisis Korelasi Parsial ...................................................... 64
4 .13. Sumbangan Relatifdan EfektifVariabel Bebas ..................................... 65
viii
DAFTAR LAMP IRAN
Lampi ran
Halaman
I. lnstrumen Penelitian ............... ...... .. ... ....... ........................ ..... ...................... 79
2. Perhitungan Validitas dan Reliabilitas
Hasil Uji Coba Instrumen Penelitian ........................................................... 86
3. Data lndu.k Hasil Penelitian ......... ........ .... ... ......... ......... ... ......... ....... ........ .... lO 1
4. Perhitungan Statistik Dasar dan Distrubusi Frekuensi ................................ I 03
5. Perhitungan Nonnalitas ............................................................................... 112
6. Uji Linieritas dan Keberartian Persamaan Regresi ..................................... 118
7. Perhitungan Koefisien Korelasi dan Keberartian
Antar Variabel Penelitian .......... ................................................................. 133
8. Perhitungan Koefisien Korelasi Parsial ............................ ... ............. ...... ..... 136
9. Perhitungan Koefisien Korelasi Ganda ....................................................... 138
l 0. Perhitungan Sumbangan Relatif dan Efektif ............................................ 139
IX
BAB V
KESlMPULAN, lMPLIKASI, DAN SARAN
A. Simpulao
Berdasrkan hasil analisis data dan pengujian hipotesis penelitian, mal
Ahamad Saipuddio Harahap. NIM. 071188130026. Hubungan Persepsi Guru
Terhadap Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah Dan Kemampuan
Berkomunikasi Dengan Kinerja Guru di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) di
Kota Padangsidimpuan. Tesis: Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Medan 2009.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui; .(1) hubungan persepsi
guru terhadap gaya kepemimpinan kepaJa sekolah dengan kinelja guru, (2)
hubungan komunikasi dengan kinelja guru, (3) hubungan persepsi guru terhadap
gaya kepemirnpinan kepala sekolah dan komunikasi secaca bersama-sama dengan
kinelja guru..
Populasi penelitian ini beJjumlah l 06 guru dan diambil sampel penelitian
sebanyak 45 guru, yang berdasarkan kepada; (1) jenjang pendidikan S-1 dan S-2,
2) Status guru yang terdiri dari PNS dan Non PNS. Sebelum dilakukan penelitian
terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji coba instrumen terhadap populasi diluar sampel
yang beljumlah 30 guru guna untuk mengetahui validitas dan reliabilitas
instrumen.
Hasil uji coba angket persepsi guru terhadap gaya kepemimpinan kepaJa
sekolah diperoleh 3 butir tidak valid dengan koefisien reliabilitas 0,94, angket
Komunikasi diperoleh 5 butir tidak valid dengan koefisien reliabilitas 0,84, angket
kinelja guru 5 butir tidak valid dengan koefisien reliabilitas 0,93.
Teknik analisis yang dilakukan adalah teknik analisis korelasi dan regresi.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan; ( 1) terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signiftkan
antara persepsi guru terhadap gaya kepemirnpinan kepala sekolah dengan kinelja
guru dengan koefisien korelasi 0,70, (2) terdapat hubungan yang positif dan
signiftkan antara hubungan komunikasi dengan kinerja guru 'dengan koefisien
korelasi 0,48, (3) terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara hubungan
persepsi guru terhadap gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan komunikasi secaca
bersama-sama dengan kinelja guru dengan koefisien korelasi 0,70, pada taraf
signifikansi 0,05 = 5 %.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa variabel
persepsi guru terhadap gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan komunikasi cukup
berarti /signifikan dalam mempengaruhi kinelja guru dengan koefisien 49,48 %.
Hasil penelitian ini kiranya dapat bermanfaat bagi para guru dan kepaJa sekolah
guna peningkatan gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan komunkasi terhadap
kinelja guru.
ABSTRACT
Ahmad Saipuddin Harahap. NIM. 071188130026. A correlation of perception
of teacher to the leadership style of principal and communica tion to the
performance of teacher at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) in
Padangsidimpuan. Thesis: Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Meda n 2009.
This research aims to study (1 ) a correlation of perception of teacher to the
leadership style of principal and the performance o f teacher, (2) a correlation
between communication and performance of teacher, (3) a correlatio n of teacher
perception to the leadership style of principal and communication to the
performance of teacher simultaneously.
Population of this research are 160 teache rs and sample are 45 persons
based on (l) educational degree S l and S2, (2) status of teacher that consist o f
civil servant and non sivil servant Before study, the instrument was tested to the
population out of san1ple for 30 teachers to know the validity and reliability of
instrument.
The results of questionaire test of perception of teacher to the leadership
style of principal is 3 item are not valud with reliability coefficient 0.94,
communication questionaire with 5 items are not valid with reliability coefficient
0.84 and the quetionaire of teacher performance with 5 items are not valid with
reliability coefficient 0.93.
The applied analysis method is correlation and regression analysis. The
results of study indicates (I) there is a positive and significant correlation between
perception of teacher to the leadership style of principal with the performance of
teacher in correlation coefficient is 0.70. (2) there is a positive and significant
correlation between a communication and the performance· of teacher with
correltion coefficient is 0.48, (3) there is apositive and significant corelation
ebtween perception of teacher to the leadership style of principal and
communication simulatenously to the performance of teacher with correlation
coefficient is 0.70 on significant level 0.05 = 5 %.
Based on the resuds of this study it concluded that variable of teacher
perception to the leadership style of principal and communication is significant to
influence the teacher performance with coefficient 49.48 %. the results of this
study will useful for the teacher and principal to increase the leadership style of
principal and communication to the teacher performance.
DAFTAR lSl
ABSTRAK ................... ................................................................................... i
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... ii
KAT A PENGANTAR ..................................................................................... iii
DAFTAR lSI ..................................................................................... .............. v
DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................... vii
DAFTAR T ABEL ........... ............................................................................... viii
DAFTAR LAMPI RAN ......................................................... ...... .................... ix
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Masalah ......................................... ................ ...... .
B. ldentifikasi Masalah ...................................................................... 6
C. Pembatasan Masalah .... ................................................................. 6
D. Rumusan Masalah .......................................................... .. ............. 7
E. Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................... 7
F. Manfaat Penelitian ............................................ ............................. 8
BAB II l.ANDASAN TEORlTIS, KERANGKA BERPIKIR DAN
HIPOTESIS PENEUTIAN
A . Kinerja Guru . ....... ... .. ... ......................................... ... .......... ..... ....... I 0
B. Persepsi Guru terhadap Gaya Kepemimpinan
Kepala Sekolah ..... ................ .. .............. ...... ..... .... ... .. ... ..... ... .. ... . ... . 17
C. Komun ikasi ............................................ ....................................... 25
D. Penelitian Yang Relevan ....... ...... ........... ....................................... 30
E. Kerangk:a Berpikir ......................................................................... 32
F. Hipotesis Penelitian ....................................................................... 34
BAB lll METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
A. Jenis Penelitian ... .................................. ................ ................. ........ 35
B. Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ....................................................... 35
C. Po pulasi dan Sampel ..................................................................... 36
D. Defenisi Operasional ..................................................................... 39
v
E. Teknik Pengumpulan Oata .. .......................................................... 4 1
F. Uji Coba lnstrumen ....... ........... .................................................. ... 45
G. Tcknik Analisis Data ..................................................................... 48
BAB IV HASIL PENEUTIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Deskripsi Data Variabcl Penelitian ............................................... 5 1
B. Tingkat Kecenderungan Variabel Penditian ................................. 54
C. Pengujian Persyaratan Analisis ....... .............................................. 57
D. Pengujian Hipotesis ................. ........ .............................................. 62
E. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian ........................................................ 64
F. Keterbatasan Penelitian .................. ............................................... 67
BAB V KESIMPULAN, IMPLIKASI DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan ..................................................................................... 69
B. lmplikasi Penelitian ........................................................................ 70
C. Saran ......................................... ........................................... ........... 74
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..................................................................................... 76
LAMPIRAN .............................................. ... .. ................................................. 79
VI
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar
Halaman
3.1 Paradigma Hubungan Antar Variabel Penelitian ...................................... 34
4 .1 Histogram Skor Persepsi Guru terhadap Gaya Kepemimpinan
Kepala Sekolah ... ...... ... ... .. .... .. ... ... ....................... ....... ................. ............. 52
53
4.3 Histogram Skor Kinerja Guru .............................................. ..................... 54
vii
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel
Halaman
3.1. Skedul Penelitian ..................................................................................... 35
3.2. Keadaan Populasi penelitian berdasarkan sekolah ........... ........................ 36
3.3. Proporsi Strata ...................................................................................... .... 37
3.4. Ukuran Samel Penelitian .......................................................................... 39
3.5. Kisi-Kisi [nstrumen Kinerja Guru .... ........................................................ 42
3.6. Kisi-Kisi lnstrumen Persepsi Guru Terhadap Gaya
Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah ............................................................... 43
3.7. Kisi-Kisi lnstrumen Komunikasi ............................................................. 44
4. 1. Distribusi Frekuensi Data Persepsi G uru Terhadap Gaya
Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah ...... ....... ...... ... .. ......... ........ ...... ................ 51
4.2. Distribusi Frekuensi Komunikasi ............................................................. 52
4.3. Distribusi Frekuensi Kinetja Guru ........................................................... 53
4 .4. Statistik Dasar .......................................................................................... 54
4.5. Tingkat Kecenderungan variabel Persepsi Guru Terhadap Gaya
Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah ....... ........................................................ 55
4.6. Tingkat Kecenderungan variabel Komunikasi ......................................... 56
4.7. Tingkat Kecenderungan variabel Kinetja Guru ........................................ 56
4.8. Uji Nonr.a litas Data ......................................................................... ........ 56
4.9. Ringkasan ANA VA Untuk Regresi X 1 atas Y ......................................... 59
4.10. Ringkasan ANA VA Untuk Regresi X2 atas Y ........................................ 60
4.11 . Ringkasan ANA VA Untuk Regresi X1 dan X2 atas Y ......................... ... 60
4.12. Ringkasan Analisis Korelasi Parsial ...................................................... 64
4 .13. Sumbangan Relatifdan EfektifVariabel Bebas ..................................... 65
viii
DAFTAR LAMP IRAN
Lampi ran
Halaman
I. lnstrumen Penelitian ............... ...... .. ... ....... ........................ ..... ...................... 79
2. Perhitungan Validitas dan Reliabilitas
Hasil Uji Coba Instrumen Penelitian ........................................................... 86
3. Data lndu.k Hasil Penelitian ......... ........ .... ... ......... ......... ... ......... ....... ........ .... lO 1
4. Perhitungan Statistik Dasar dan Distrubusi Frekuensi ................................ I 03
5. Perhitungan Nonnalitas ............................................................................... 112
6. Uji Linieritas dan Keberartian Persamaan Regresi ..................................... 118
7. Perhitungan Koefisien Korelasi dan Keberartian
Antar Variabel Penelitian .......... ................................................................. 133
8. Perhitungan Koefisien Korelasi Parsial ............................ ... ............. ...... ..... 136
9. Perhitungan Koefisien Korelasi Ganda ....................................................... 138
l 0. Perhitungan Sumbangan Relatif dan Efektif ............................................ 139
IX
BAB V
KESlMPULAN, lMPLIKASI, DAN SARAN
A. Simpulao
Berdasrkan hasil analisis data dan pengujian hipotesis penelitian, mal