Table 4.1 Result of students’ mastery No Percentage Category Frequency 1
CHAPTER IV RESULT AND DISCUSSION A. Result of the research The data of the research was collected from the first grade students of SMP N 5 Purbalingga in academic year 2015/2016. The data was analyzed by using the following steps; 1. Analyzing the individual mastery in personal pronoun To know mastery in the personal pronoun. The writer uses this formula: Notes: P = the percentage of the correct answer F = the frequency of the correct answer N = the total of the items For example students no.
28 P
= = 48%
Based on the that result, the students number 28 who got 48% which belongs to fair category.
The complete result of percentage score, could be seen in following table:
Table 4.1 Result of students’ mastery
No Percentage Category Frequency
1
81 Very Good
1
- – 100
2
61 Good
8
- – 80 %
41 Fair
25
3
- – 60 %
4
21 Bad
19
- – 40 %
5 Poor
2
- – 20 %
Total
55 Based on the table above, not all students have standard mastery of
personal pronoun. It was found that 2 students belonged to “poor” category, it is because they only answered 0-20% of the question. There were 19 students who belonged to bad category, 25 students belonged to fair category. Then, there were 8 students who belonged to good category, and only 1 student who belonged to very good category. So, it can be concluded that most of the students were in fair category.
2. Measuring the mean of students mastery in personal pronoun.
In measuring the mean, the writer uses the formula below;
∑ ̅
Where, ̅ ∑X = the sum of all scores N = The number of respondent
∑ ̅ ̅
The mean of students mastery of personal pronoun is 48.2 . It can be concluded that the students‟ mastery of SMP N 5 Purbalingga belongs to fair category.
3. Finding out the students’ error.
In analyzing students‟ error, the writer uses formula below: Notes: P = the percentage of the incorrect answer F = the frequency of the incorrect answer N = the total of respondents For example item no. 18
= = 43.6 %
The precentage of item number 18 belongs to medium category.
25
19
55 47.2 medium
26
21
55 80 high
44
20
55 34.5 medium
19
55 43.6 medium
39
24
18
55 40 medium
22
17
55 47.2 medium
26
16
55 54.5 medium
22
55 70.9 high
15
65
6 Total
1,2,5,10,14,24
Low
12 16,17,18,19,21,23
3,7,9,12,13,15,
35
7 Medium
4,6,8,11,20,22,25
High
23
Table 4.3 The category of number of items Categories Interval Number of Items Frequency55 67.2 high
37
25
55 23.6 low
13
24
55 60 medium
33
30
55 21.8 low
Table below provides the result of students‟ error:
55 43.6 medium
39
6
55 25.4 low
14
5
55 85.4 high
47
4
24
7
3
55 23.6 low
13
2
55 30.9 low
17
1
Number of item F N P (%) Category
Table 4.2 Result of students’ error55 70.9 high
34
12
36
14
55 61.8 medium
34
13
55 60 medium
33
12
55 65.4 high
11
55 61.8 medium
55 30.9 low
17
10
55 58.1 medium
32
9
55 74.5 high
41
8
- – 100 %
- – 64 %
- – 34 %
B. Discussion
In this part, the writer will only discusses items which have high precentage of error, those are; 4,6,8,11,20,22,25.
Table 4.3 Error analysis (Item 4)Variants of error Number Rina saw .......... in the F N % of Item mirror.
The correct answer : C
a. myself
31
55
56.36
4
b. themselves
13
55
23.63
c. herself
8
55
14.54
d. itself
3 55 5.454 Based on the table above, there are 8 students or 14.54 % students who know the right answer. This type of error belongs to ignorance rule
It is because most of them fail in oserving the item which requires restriction. students to find reflexive pronoun of Rina. They fail in observing that pronoun of “Rina” is “she”. So, the reflexive pronoun of Rina it should be “herself”, it is because in Bahasa Indonesia there is no difference between third singular person.
Table 4.4 Error analysis (Item 6)55
8
a. me
14
55
25.45
b. my
18
32.72
I have good parents. My parents always treat ....... very well.
c. mine
10
55
18.18
d. myself
13
55
The correct answer : A
Table 4.5 Error analysis (Item 8) Number of Item Variants of error F N %Number of Item Variants of error F N %
b. we
We get good scores. ... scores are A .
The correct answer : A
6
a. our
16
55
29.09
17
2 55 3.636 Based on the table above, there are 16 students or 29.09 % who know the right answer. This type of error belongs to false concept hypothesized, it is because they could not differentiate when they use posssessive with noun and without noun, and they have incorrect understanding on the differenciation of word meaning in target language.
55
30.90
c. ours
20
55
36.36
d. itself
23.63 Based on the table above, there are 14 students or 25.45 % who know the right answer. Error in this number belongs to false concept hypothesized, it is because students have incorrect understanding of word meaning in target language, so they cannot distinguish between pronoun as object “me” and possessive “my”.
Table 4.6 Error analysis (Item 11) Variants of error Number Toni didn’t study last night,so ... F N % of Item doesn’t pass the test. The correct answer : B11
a. him
12
55
21.81
b. he
19
55
34.54
c. his
20
55
36.36
d. himself
3 55 5.454 no answer 1 55 1.818
Based on the table above, there are 19 students or 34.54 % who know the right answer. This type of error belongs to ignorance of rule restriction, it is because they fail to observe the existing structure of this item which requires them to find pronoun as subject that replaces Toni. It is because in Bahasa indonesia, there is no difference of gender as subject.
Table 4.7
Error analysis (Item 20)
Variants of errorNumber of They always talk anything about ..... F N %
Item The correct answer : A
20
a. him
11
55
20.00
b. he
16
55
29.09
c. his
8
55
14.54
d. himself
16
55
29.09 no answer
4
55
7.27 Based on the table, there are 11 students or 20 % students who know the right answer. This error belongs to false concept hypothesized, it is because most of them have incorrect understanding of personal pronoun as object, and they think the correct answer is “he” and “himself”. They still did not know that personal pronoun as object in this item is “him”. It is because in their first language there is no specific pronoun of third person.
Table 4.8 Error analysis (Item 22)Variants of error Number
I have a sister. Her name is Yuni. I
F N % of Item really love ..... The correct answer : B
a. herself
8
55
14.54
22
b. her
17
55
30.90
c. she
14
55
25.45
d. hers
16
55
29.09 Based on the table above, there are 17 students or 30.90 % students who know the right answer, and other students answer A, C, and D. This type of error belongs to false concept hypothesized, it is because most of them have wrong concept understanding of pronoun, and in Bahasa indonesia there is no specific object pronoun of third person so the students cannot differentiate object pronoun of “Yuni”.
Table 4.9
Error analysis (Item 25)
Variants of errorNumber Rinocheros is scarce animal. A lot of F N % of Item people try to protect ...
The correct answer : B
25
a. its
23
55
14.81
b. it
15
55
27.27
c. self
14
55
25.45
d. itself
3
55
5.45 Based on the table above, there are 15 students or 27.27 % students who know the right answer. This type belongs to false concept hypothesized, it is because most of students have wrong concept of “it” for “Rinocheros”. It is because in bahasa indonesia there is no specific pronoun for noun, in this case “Rinocheros (noun)”
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion. The aims of this research are to know how well students master
personal pronoun at the first grade students of SMP N 5 Purbalingga, and find out the kind of error in personal pronoun.
From the analysis discussed in chapter IV, it was found that 1 student belonged to very good category, 8 students belonged to good category, 25 students belonged to fair category, 19 students were bad category, and 2 students belonged to poor category. So, it can be concluded that students‟ mastery in personal pronoun was in fair category.
The problem were students did not understand personal pronoun well. Then, students were still confused in using pronoun as subject, object, possessive with or without noun, and reflexive.
Based on the analysis, the most error which is done by students in items number 4,6,8,11,20,22,25 were ignorance of rule restriction and false concept hypothesized. For total errors which is done by students are 56% false concept hypothesized, and 44% ignore of rule restriction. It is because they fail in observing the existing structure and they also could not distinguish the differences in the target language. They could not differentiate personal pronoun as subject, and object. Then, they also could not differentiate between possessive with or without noun, and reflexive pronoun.
B. Suggestion
Based on the result of this research, the writer gives some suggestion below:
1. To the teacher The teacher should explain more about pronoun, especially personal pronoun. Then, they should explain the function of its pronoun, so students will know and be able to apply the personal pronoun well.
2. To the students The students should learn more about personal pronoun, so they will use personal pronoun correctly.