uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol, fraksi n-heksan, fraksi kloroform dan fraksi etilasetat daun jambu mete (aNACARDIUM oCCIDENTALE l.)
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri ekstrak Etanol, Fraksi n-heksan, Fraksi Kloroform
dan Fraksi Etilasetat daun Jambu Mete (Anacardium occidentale L.)
Abstrak
Masyarakat Indonesia telah lama mengenal dan menggunakan tanaman
berkhasiat obat, sebagai upaya dalam menanggulangi masalah kesehatan. Salah
satunya daun jambu mete yang biasa dikonsumsi sebagai sayur oleh masyarakat
Indonesia. Daun jambu mete mengandung flavonoid dan tanin yang berkhasiat
sebagai antibakteri.
Skrining fitokimia serbuk simplisia, ekstrak etanol, fraksi n-heksan, fraksi
kloroform dan fraksi etilasetat. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara maserasi
menggunakan pelarut alkohol 80% dan dilanjutkan dengan fraksinasi secara
berturut-turut menggunakan pelarut n-heksan, kloroform dan etilasetat. Masingmasing ekstrak dan fraksi dilakukan uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri
Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus dan
Escherichia coli dengan metode difusi agar menggunakan silinder logam.
Hasil skrining fitokimia serbuk simplisia dan ekstrak etanol daun jambu
mete menunjukkan adanya glikosida, saponin, flavonoida, tanin dan
triterpenoida/steroid. Fraksi n-heksan menunjukkan adanya triterpenoida/steroida,
fraksi kloroform mengandung senyawa alkaloid, fraksi etilasetat menunjukkan
adanya glikosida, saponin, flavonoida dan tanin. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri
menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dan fraksi etil asetat memberikan efek
terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans,
Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli dengan konsentrasi hambat minimum
(KHM) sebesar 10 mg/ml dengan diameter berturut-turut sebesar 11,66 mm;
11,10 mm; 11,13 mm; dan 10,98 mm. Fraksi etilasetat pada konsentrasi 5 mg/ml
dengan diameter sebesar 13,33 mm; 13,33 mm; 14,11 mm dan 14,10 mm. Fraksi
n-heksan dan kloroform tidak memberikan aktivitas antibakteri.
Kata kunci: daun jambu mete, antibakteri, Staphylococcus epidermidis,
Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli
Antibacterial Activity Of Ethanol Extract, n-Hexane Fraction, Chloroform
Fraction and Aethylacetate Fraction Of Cashew Nut Leaves
(Anacardium occidentale L)
Abstract
Indonesian society has rocignized and consumed medicinal plants as taking
health care. One of them is cashew nut leaves which consumed as vegetable by
Indonesian people. It contains flavonoid and tanin which use as antibacterial
activity.
The phytochemical screening of simplex powder, extract ethanol, n-hexane
fraction, chloroform fraction and aethylacetate fraction. The extration process by
maceration method using ethanol as solvent and fractionated with n-hexane,
chloroform then aethylacetate. The antibacterial activity for each extract and
fractination was measured by means of agar diffusion method using punch hole.
The phytochemical screening result of cashew nut leaves shows the
presence of glycoside, saponine, flavonoid, tanin and triterpenopida/steroid. nhexane fraction presence of triterpenoid/steroid. aethylacetate fraction presence of
glycoside, saponine, flavonoid and tanin. Chloroform fraction presence of alkaloid.
The result of antibacterial activity examination showed ethanol extract and
aethylacetate fraction gave antibacterial activity effect against Staphylococcus
epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were 10 mg/ml and inhibition
diameter were consecutively as follows 11.66 mm, 11.10 mm, 11.13 mm and
10.98 mm. For aethylacetate fraction were 5 mg/ml and inhibition diameter were
consecutively as follows 13.33 mm, 13.33 mm, 14.11 mm and 14.10 mm. The nhexane fraction and chloroform fraction has no antibacterial effect.
Keywords : cashew nut leaves, antibacterial, Staphylococcus epidermidis,
Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli
dan Fraksi Etilasetat daun Jambu Mete (Anacardium occidentale L.)
Abstrak
Masyarakat Indonesia telah lama mengenal dan menggunakan tanaman
berkhasiat obat, sebagai upaya dalam menanggulangi masalah kesehatan. Salah
satunya daun jambu mete yang biasa dikonsumsi sebagai sayur oleh masyarakat
Indonesia. Daun jambu mete mengandung flavonoid dan tanin yang berkhasiat
sebagai antibakteri.
Skrining fitokimia serbuk simplisia, ekstrak etanol, fraksi n-heksan, fraksi
kloroform dan fraksi etilasetat. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara maserasi
menggunakan pelarut alkohol 80% dan dilanjutkan dengan fraksinasi secara
berturut-turut menggunakan pelarut n-heksan, kloroform dan etilasetat. Masingmasing ekstrak dan fraksi dilakukan uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri
Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus dan
Escherichia coli dengan metode difusi agar menggunakan silinder logam.
Hasil skrining fitokimia serbuk simplisia dan ekstrak etanol daun jambu
mete menunjukkan adanya glikosida, saponin, flavonoida, tanin dan
triterpenoida/steroid. Fraksi n-heksan menunjukkan adanya triterpenoida/steroida,
fraksi kloroform mengandung senyawa alkaloid, fraksi etilasetat menunjukkan
adanya glikosida, saponin, flavonoida dan tanin. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri
menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dan fraksi etil asetat memberikan efek
terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans,
Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli dengan konsentrasi hambat minimum
(KHM) sebesar 10 mg/ml dengan diameter berturut-turut sebesar 11,66 mm;
11,10 mm; 11,13 mm; dan 10,98 mm. Fraksi etilasetat pada konsentrasi 5 mg/ml
dengan diameter sebesar 13,33 mm; 13,33 mm; 14,11 mm dan 14,10 mm. Fraksi
n-heksan dan kloroform tidak memberikan aktivitas antibakteri.
Kata kunci: daun jambu mete, antibakteri, Staphylococcus epidermidis,
Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli
Antibacterial Activity Of Ethanol Extract, n-Hexane Fraction, Chloroform
Fraction and Aethylacetate Fraction Of Cashew Nut Leaves
(Anacardium occidentale L)
Abstract
Indonesian society has rocignized and consumed medicinal plants as taking
health care. One of them is cashew nut leaves which consumed as vegetable by
Indonesian people. It contains flavonoid and tanin which use as antibacterial
activity.
The phytochemical screening of simplex powder, extract ethanol, n-hexane
fraction, chloroform fraction and aethylacetate fraction. The extration process by
maceration method using ethanol as solvent and fractionated with n-hexane,
chloroform then aethylacetate. The antibacterial activity for each extract and
fractination was measured by means of agar diffusion method using punch hole.
The phytochemical screening result of cashew nut leaves shows the
presence of glycoside, saponine, flavonoid, tanin and triterpenopida/steroid. nhexane fraction presence of triterpenoid/steroid. aethylacetate fraction presence of
glycoside, saponine, flavonoid and tanin. Chloroform fraction presence of alkaloid.
The result of antibacterial activity examination showed ethanol extract and
aethylacetate fraction gave antibacterial activity effect against Staphylococcus
epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were 10 mg/ml and inhibition
diameter were consecutively as follows 11.66 mm, 11.10 mm, 11.13 mm and
10.98 mm. For aethylacetate fraction were 5 mg/ml and inhibition diameter were
consecutively as follows 13.33 mm, 13.33 mm, 14.11 mm and 14.10 mm. The nhexane fraction and chloroform fraction has no antibacterial effect.
Keywords : cashew nut leaves, antibacterial, Staphylococcus epidermidis,
Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli