A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSLATION OF PERSONIFICATION IN THE NOVEL “THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA”.

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A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE
TRANSLATION OF PERSONIFICATION IN THE
NOVEL “THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA”

PUSPITA PALUPININGTYAS
C1310012

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LETTERS AND FINE ARTS
UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET
SURAKARTA
2013
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MOTTO

Keep fighting on whatever you do & make it
stronger by praying!

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DEDICATION

This research is whole heartedly dedicated to:

My Beloved Mother and Father

Thank you so much for your prayer and support

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
As the author of this thesis, I firstly want to give big thanks to my Lord,
Jesus Christ for His love, bless, and guidance including in the process of
composing and completing this thesis. However, this thesis will not be completed
without any support and encourage from many people. Therefore, I also would
like to give special thanks to:
1. The Dean of Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts, Drs. RiyadiSantosa, M.Ed, Ph.D for
approving this thesis.
2. The Head of English Department, Drs. Sugiyarto Budi Waskito for giving permission to
compose this thesis.
3. Ida KusumaDewi, S.S.,M.Aas my thesis supervisor, thank you very much for your
patience, guidance, and advice in completing this thesis.
4. All of lectures in English Department who have given me a lot of valuable knowledge
and lessons.
5. Sumardiono, HeriantoNababan, FentiKusumastuti, NurIndra, Haning, and my Mom as
the raters of this research, thank you for giving time, ideas, and contributions in

completing this thesis.
6. For my beloved Mother and Father as the most precious thing in my life, thank you
for always giving me the best you belong, and thanks to my sister and cousins who
used to make me cheer up.
7. A bunch of thanks also for my Chunky who is always with me and supports me every
time and everywhere. Your time has given this valuable result.
8. The rest of my big family of English Diploma ; Mamie, Ndud, Nova and Bebek for the

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hang out time.My friends in English Department; Diandra for sharing her thesis

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problems (thus it teaches me as well) and having lunch together after library
time;NugrahenyPutri and her Karaoke team for giving me the refreshing time and
providing me lots movie; Mbak Maria, Nadia and everyone who used to be with me
under the fate of the last semester student.

9. My big family Matriks 10 whom I ca t

e tio one by one, thanks for such an

impressive moment and experience together with you. Never forget to involve me in
every reunion under the name of matrikulasi and invite me in your wedding party.
Thanks.

The Researcher

PuspitaPalupiningtyas
C1310012

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TABLE OF CONTENT

Approval of the Thesis Supervisor .......................................................................... i
Approval of the Board of Examiners .................................................................... ii
Pronouncement ...................................................................................................... iii
Motto ...................................................................................................................... iv
Dedication ................................................................................................................v
Acknowledgement.................................................................................................. vi
Table of Content ................................................................................................... viii
Abstract ............................................................................................................... xiii
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Research Background .................................................................................................... 1
B. Research Problem ......................................................................................................... 5
C. Research Limitation ....................................................................................................... 5
D. Research Objectives ....................................................................................................... 5
E. Research Benefits .......................................................................................................... 6
F. Thesis Organization........................................................................................................ 7

CHAPTER II

LITERATURE REVIEW

A. Definition of Translation ................................................................................................ 8
B. Figure of Speech ............................................................................................................ 9
C. Personification ............................................................................................................. 10

C.1. Personification Recognition ......................................................................11
C.2. The Types of Personification ....................................................................12
D. Translation Techniques ............................................................................................... 16
D.1. The General Techniques to Translate figure of speech ....................................... 16
1. Enfiguration .................................................................................................... 16
2. Defiguration .................................................................................................... 17
3. Alteration of figuration texture ..................................................................... 18
a) Alteration – figuration type I ................................................................... 18
b) Alteration – figuration type II .................................................................. 20
4. Literal refiguration .......................................................................................... 20

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D.2. The Techniques to translate
Simileto(Adapted
Techniques) ......................21

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1. Literal Translation (Retention the same vehicle) ............................................ 22
2. Replacement of the vehicle with the different vehicle ................................... 23
3. Reduction of the simile, if idiomatic, to its sense ........................................... 24
4. Retention the same vehicle plus explicitation of similarity feature(s)24
5. Replacement of the vehicle with a gloss ......................................................... 25
6. Omission of the Simile ..................................................................................... 26

D.3. The techniques to translate personification ..............................................27
1. Literal translation ( Retention the same vehicle) ........................................... 27
2. Translating personification into personification by retaining human basic
sense and inserting Anthropomorphism ........................................................ 28
3. Replacement of the vehicle with a different vehicle ...................................... 30

4. Translating personification by expansion or addition ..................................... 31
5. Translating personification by reduction ........................................................ 33
6. Translating personification into non figurative language ............................... 34
E. Translation Quality Assessment................................................................................... 36
F. Previous Studies ........................................................................................................... 39

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A. Research Type and Design ........................................................................................... 41
B. Data and Source of Data .............................................................................................. 42
C. Sampling Technique ..................................................................................................... 44
D. Method of Data Collection .......................................................................................... 45
E. Technique of Data Analysis .......................................................................................... 47
F. Research Procedures ................................................................................................... 49

CHAPTER IV

DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

A. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 2
B. Data Analysis ............................................................................................................... 52
1. The types of personification ................................................................................. 52
a) Conventionalized Personification ................................................................. 53
b) Novel Personification ..................................................................................... 59
c) Default Personification .................................................................................. 63
2. The Analysis of Translation Techniques ............................................................... 68

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A. The Analysis of the Translation Techniques employed by Serambi Publisher .... 68

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A.I. Literal translation ( Retention the same vehicle) .......................................... 75

A.2. Translating personification into personification by retaining human

basic sense and inserting Anthropomorphism ....................................78
A.3. Replacement of the vehicle with a different vehicle .........................81
A.4. Translating personification by addition .............................................88
A.5. Translating personification by reduction ...........................................95
A.6. Translating personification into non figurative language ..................97
B. The Analysis of the Translation Techniques employed by Liris

Publisher .... 104

A.I. Literal translation ( Retention the same vehicle) ..............................104
A.3. Replacement of the vehicle with a different vehicle ........................112
A.4. Translating personification by addition ............................................119
A.5. Translating personification by reduction ..........................................123
A.6. Translating personification into non figurative language .................126
C. The analysis of Translation Quality ........................................................................... 132
C.1. Accuracy Analysis .......................................................................................... 132
C.1.1. The Accuracy Analysis of Serambi Publisher ........................................... 133
C.1.2. The Accuracy Analysis of Serambi Publisher ........................................... 141

C.2. Acceptability Analysis .......................................................................149
C.2.1. TheAcceptability Analysis of Serambi Publisher ..................................... 150
C.2.2. TheAcceptability Analysis of LirisPublisher ............................................. 141
C.3. Readability analysis ....................................................................................... 163
C.3.3. The Readability Analysis of Serambi Publisher ....................................... 163

C.2.2. The Readability Analysis of Liris Publisher ................................170
D. Discussion .................................................................................................................. 175

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

A. Conclusion.................................................................................................................. 202
B. Recommendation ...................................................................................................... 204

Appendices
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1 ...............................................................................................................46
Table 3.2 ...............................................................................................................46
Table 3.3 ...............................................................................................................47
Table 4.1 ...............................................................................................................57
Table 4.2 ...............................................................................................................62
Table 4.3 ...............................................................................................................67
Table 4.4 ...............................................................................................................75
Table 4.5 ...............................................................................................................81
Table 4.6 ...............................................................................................................87
Table 4.7 ...............................................................................................................94
Table 4.8 ...............................................................................................................97
Table 4.9 .............................................................................................................103
Table 4.10 ...........................................................................................................109
Table 4.11 ...........................................................................................................117
Table 4.12 ...........................................................................................................122
Table 4.13 ...........................................................................................................125
Table 4.14 ...........................................................................................................131
Table 4.15 ...........................................................................................................141
Table 4.16 ...........................................................................................................149
Table 4.17 ...........................................................................................................155
Table 4.18 ...........................................................................................................162
Table 4.19 ...........................................................................................................169
Table 4.20 ...........................................................................................................175
Table 4.21.a ........................................................................................................177
Table 4.21.b ........................................................................................................182
Table 4.21.c ........................................................................................................187
Table 4.22 ...........................................................................................................191
Table 4.23 ...........................................................................................................194
Table 4.24 ...........................................................................................................197
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ABSTRACT
PuspitaPalupiningtyas. A Comparative Study of the translation of
Personification in the Novel entitled “The Old man and the Sea” into
Indonesian.Thesis: English Department. Faculty of Letters and Fine
Arts.SebelasMaret University.
This research aims at analyzing the translation of the personification in the novel
“The Old man and the Sea” written by Ernest Hemmingway into Indonesian. Two
different translations are chosen from Serambi Publisher and Liris Publisher. The
objectives of this research are 1) to classify the type of the personification in the
novel “The Old man and the Sea, 2) To find out and to compare the technique
used to translate personification in the novel “The Old man and the Sea” and 3) to
find out and to compare the effect of the techniques to the translation quality of
the novel “The Old man and the Sea”.
It is a descriptive qualitative research. Purposive sampling technique is employed
in this research. The data are the personification taken from the novel “The Old
man and the Sea” and its translation into Indonesian in two different versions;
they are Serambi Publisher and Liris Publisher. The other data are gained from the
questionnaires and interview which were assessed and obtained by Raters and
Target readers.
The research findings show that there are 45 personifications in the novel. There
are three types of personification, they are; conventionalized personification (22
data or 49%), default personification (16 data or 35.5%) and novel personification
(7 data or 15.5%). There are six techniques to translate personification, they are;
literal translation (21 data or 46.2% belonging to Serambi and 25 data or 55.5%
belonging to Liris), replacement of the vehicle (10 data or 22.2% belonging to
Serambi and 9 data or 20% belonging to Liris), translating personification into
non figurative language (6 data or 13.2% belonging to Serambi and 7 data or
15.5% belonging to Liris), translating personification by addition (5 data or 11%
belonging to Serambi and 2 data or 4.4% belonging to Liris), translating
personification by anthropomorphism (2 data or 4.4% belonging to Serambi) and
translating personification by reduction (1 data or 2.2% belonging to Serambi and
Liris). As a result of employing those technique, Serambi’s translation is 89%
accurate, 84.4% acceptable and 91.2% readable. Meanwhile Liris’s translation is
84.4% accurate, 86.6% acceptable and 88.8% readable.
In conclusion, the translation resulted by the two translators are accurate,
acceptable and readable. Most of the technique applied is literal translation and
the most dominant type found in the novel is conventionalized personification.

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