SPEECH FUNCTIONS USED BY MEN AND WOMEN IN BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS IN THE TRADITIONAL MARKETS.
L.TtSI
3D 1 . 1,t.L(
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SPEECH FUNCTIONS USED BY MEN AND
WOMEN IN BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS IN
THE TRADITIONAL MARKETS
A THESIS
B:r:
SEMPA PERANGIN-ANGIN
Su6mittecf to the qradtuzte Program ofP.ng{isfi Jlpplied£inguistics
In Cl'artia( CFu(fi{fment for tile Vearee of!Magister J{umaniora
ENGLISH APPLIED LINGUIS'fiCS
GRADUT
~PROGAM
THE STATE UNIVERSIY OF MEDAN
ME DAN
2006
A THESIS
SPEECH FUNCTIONS USED BY MEN AND WOMEN
IN BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS IN THE
TRADITIONAL MARKETS
Arranged by :
SEMPA PERANGIN- ANGIN
Reg.No.045010154
English Applied Linguistics Graduate Program
State University of Medan
Has been defended before thesis Examination
Committee, on August. 23rd, 2006
And declared to have fulfilled the requirements
Approved by
Consultant commission
Consultan I
Consultan II
I~'
Prof. Dr. Jawasi Naibaho.
Prof. Amrin Saragih, MA., Ph.D.
· Head of English Applied Linguistics
Prof. Dr. Jawas1 a1
NIP. 1 3 0 0 9 5 8 9 0
Directo
Progra
I
Prof. Dr. Belferik Manullang
NIP. 1 3 0 5 1 8 7 7 8
: Sempa Perangin- angin
:August. 23rd, 2006
1. Prof. Dr. Jawasi Naibabo.
2. Prof. Amrin Saragih, MA., Ph.D.
4. Dr. Busmin Gurning, M.Pd.
Approved by
Director of Grad
Prof. Dr. Belferik Manullang
NIP. 130518778
ACKNOWLEDGEMNETS
Th1s Study is concerned with speech functions used by men and women in the
usiness transactions in traditional markets. ft is submitted to (Jraduatc Program of
nimed as one of the requirements tor the degree of Magister Humaniora in English
pplied Linguistics. The completion of1his thesis \vould have never been made \Vithout
t c help from several people.
F1rst of all, I particularly indebted to my first and second consultants: Prof Amrin
aragih, M.A, Ph.D and Prof. Dr. J. Naibaho for their generosity guidance, patience,
ncouragement motivation, and many usetul advices they have given to me during the
omplction ofthis thesis.
I would also like to acknowledge the valuable and helptul constructive
uggcstions made by the reviewers: Prof D.P. Tampubolon, M.A, Ph.D, Dr Berlin
. ibarani, M.Pd and Dr. Busmin Guming, M.Pd. Thanks are also due to the Head and the
ecreta!)· of English Applied Linguistics Program: Prof Dr. Jawasi Naibaho and Ora.
eisuri, M.A, and to all the lecturers: Prof D.P Tampubolon, M.A, Ph.D, Prof M.
utarbutar, Ph.D, Prof M. Silitonga, Ph.D, Prof Bahren Umar, Ph.D, Dr. Lince
ihombing, M.Pd, and the stair: Sudianto Manullang to gwdc and facilitate the students
f Graduate Program in English Applied Linguistics of Unimcd, And my special thanks
my brother lr. lswanto Scmbiring AMKA, \Vho always support the writer during
-
inishing her study
The sincere thanks should always be oJlered to my beloved husband, Jr. Ed1
artua Lubis
f(Jr
his support in moral and material. Thanks to my son and daughter,
izl-\i Enda Pratama and Namira nw1 \Vufan and all my friends in Applied LingUistics
I MIUK PERPUS'i A.~·£!,1\:
tt
UNIMED
·
j
.
rogram, especially to my closest ti"1ends: Ora. Hamid.ah S1dabalok, Neni Ati"1da Sari
arahap, S.Pd, M.Hum, and Drs. Wahidin Purba tor their encouragement and motivation
uring tile proce~s
Cor this study.
Medan, 14 Agustus 2006
G
Sempa Br. Perangin-Angin
II
ABSTRACT
'erangin- Angin Sempa. 2006. Speech Functions of Men and Women in Business
Transactions in the Traditional Markets. English ApJllied Linguistics,
Graduate Program of VNIMEn.
'he objectives of this study are to investigate how business transaction is
inguistically coded in the traditional markets, the types of speech functions used
raditional market, types of speeeh function used by men and women in traditional
arket and why the different type._(C of speech used in business transaction in the
raditional markets. A descriptive qualitative approach was carried out to collect
he data of this study. Men and women sellers and purchasers in Herastagi
· 'raditional market were taken as the subjects in this study randomly. The research
mdings show that (I) Linguisticalty, speech functions are realized in business
ransaction in the traditional market into the form of mood: declarative,
nterrogative and imperative, (2) There are four types of speech function used in
usiness transaction in the traditional market, namely: statement, question, offer
nd command in which they are coded in lexico rammar 3 The most domin
ype of speech function used by men is statement (48,27%), while the most dominant
ype of speech function used by women is question (55,36'X,). Question is the most
ominant type of speech function used by men and women in business transactions,
nd (4) The different types of speech function used in traditional market because
'nguistically, buyers and sellers need to exchange their experiences each other to
end the messages from one to others successfully.
TABLl: OF CONTENTS
:ontents
Ackno~·ledgmts
Pages
.................................................. .
AbNtract.... •• . •• .. •.. • .. . . ..... .. .. .. .. •. . . .. . • . . . • . . .. .. .. .. . ... .... ...
iii
able of (:ontents.. ... .. .. . . . . . .. .. .. . . .. .. .•. .. . .. ........ ...... .. .. ..
List of 'fables............................................................
ist of J
3D 1 . 1,t.L(
Pe-r$
SPEECH FUNCTIONS USED BY MEN AND
WOMEN IN BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS IN
THE TRADITIONAL MARKETS
A THESIS
B:r:
SEMPA PERANGIN-ANGIN
Su6mittecf to the qradtuzte Program ofP.ng{isfi Jlpplied£inguistics
In Cl'artia( CFu(fi{fment for tile Vearee of!Magister J{umaniora
ENGLISH APPLIED LINGUIS'fiCS
GRADUT
~PROGAM
THE STATE UNIVERSIY OF MEDAN
ME DAN
2006
A THESIS
SPEECH FUNCTIONS USED BY MEN AND WOMEN
IN BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS IN THE
TRADITIONAL MARKETS
Arranged by :
SEMPA PERANGIN- ANGIN
Reg.No.045010154
English Applied Linguistics Graduate Program
State University of Medan
Has been defended before thesis Examination
Committee, on August. 23rd, 2006
And declared to have fulfilled the requirements
Approved by
Consultant commission
Consultan I
Consultan II
I~'
Prof. Dr. Jawasi Naibaho.
Prof. Amrin Saragih, MA., Ph.D.
· Head of English Applied Linguistics
Prof. Dr. Jawas1 a1
NIP. 1 3 0 0 9 5 8 9 0
Directo
Progra
I
Prof. Dr. Belferik Manullang
NIP. 1 3 0 5 1 8 7 7 8
: Sempa Perangin- angin
:August. 23rd, 2006
1. Prof. Dr. Jawasi Naibabo.
2. Prof. Amrin Saragih, MA., Ph.D.
4. Dr. Busmin Gurning, M.Pd.
Approved by
Director of Grad
Prof. Dr. Belferik Manullang
NIP. 130518778
ACKNOWLEDGEMNETS
Th1s Study is concerned with speech functions used by men and women in the
usiness transactions in traditional markets. ft is submitted to (Jraduatc Program of
nimed as one of the requirements tor the degree of Magister Humaniora in English
pplied Linguistics. The completion of1his thesis \vould have never been made \Vithout
t c help from several people.
F1rst of all, I particularly indebted to my first and second consultants: Prof Amrin
aragih, M.A, Ph.D and Prof. Dr. J. Naibaho for their generosity guidance, patience,
ncouragement motivation, and many usetul advices they have given to me during the
omplction ofthis thesis.
I would also like to acknowledge the valuable and helptul constructive
uggcstions made by the reviewers: Prof D.P. Tampubolon, M.A, Ph.D, Dr Berlin
. ibarani, M.Pd and Dr. Busmin Guming, M.Pd. Thanks are also due to the Head and the
ecreta!)· of English Applied Linguistics Program: Prof Dr. Jawasi Naibaho and Ora.
eisuri, M.A, and to all the lecturers: Prof D.P Tampubolon, M.A, Ph.D, Prof M.
utarbutar, Ph.D, Prof M. Silitonga, Ph.D, Prof Bahren Umar, Ph.D, Dr. Lince
ihombing, M.Pd, and the stair: Sudianto Manullang to gwdc and facilitate the students
f Graduate Program in English Applied Linguistics of Unimcd, And my special thanks
my brother lr. lswanto Scmbiring AMKA, \Vho always support the writer during
-
inishing her study
The sincere thanks should always be oJlered to my beloved husband, Jr. Ed1
artua Lubis
f(Jr
his support in moral and material. Thanks to my son and daughter,
izl-\i Enda Pratama and Namira nw1 \Vufan and all my friends in Applied LingUistics
I MIUK PERPUS'i A.~·£!,1\:
tt
UNIMED
·
j
.
rogram, especially to my closest ti"1ends: Ora. Hamid.ah S1dabalok, Neni Ati"1da Sari
arahap, S.Pd, M.Hum, and Drs. Wahidin Purba tor their encouragement and motivation
uring tile proce~s
Cor this study.
Medan, 14 Agustus 2006
G
Sempa Br. Perangin-Angin
II
ABSTRACT
'erangin- Angin Sempa. 2006. Speech Functions of Men and Women in Business
Transactions in the Traditional Markets. English ApJllied Linguistics,
Graduate Program of VNIMEn.
'he objectives of this study are to investigate how business transaction is
inguistically coded in the traditional markets, the types of speech functions used
raditional market, types of speeeh function used by men and women in traditional
arket and why the different type._(C of speech used in business transaction in the
raditional markets. A descriptive qualitative approach was carried out to collect
he data of this study. Men and women sellers and purchasers in Herastagi
· 'raditional market were taken as the subjects in this study randomly. The research
mdings show that (I) Linguisticalty, speech functions are realized in business
ransaction in the traditional market into the form of mood: declarative,
nterrogative and imperative, (2) There are four types of speech function used in
usiness transaction in the traditional market, namely: statement, question, offer
nd command in which they are coded in lexico rammar 3 The most domin
ype of speech function used by men is statement (48,27%), while the most dominant
ype of speech function used by women is question (55,36'X,). Question is the most
ominant type of speech function used by men and women in business transactions,
nd (4) The different types of speech function used in traditional market because
'nguistically, buyers and sellers need to exchange their experiences each other to
end the messages from one to others successfully.
TABLl: OF CONTENTS
:ontents
Ackno~·ledgmts
Pages
.................................................. .
AbNtract.... •• . •• .. •.. • .. . . ..... .. .. .. .. •. . . .. . • . . . • . . .. .. .. .. . ... .... ...
iii
able of (:ontents.. ... .. .. . . . . . .. .. .. . . .. .. .•. .. . .. ........ ...... .. .. ..
List of 'fables............................................................
ist of J