Manajemen Pendidikan Karakter di Sekolah
Manajemen Pendidikan Karakter di Sekolah Dasar (Studi Multikasus di SD
Cita Hati West Campus, SD Gloria Pacar Surabaya, SD Petra Kediri).
(Disertasi)
Ninik Ratnawati
Abstrak
Ratnawati, Ninik. 2011. Manajemen Pendidikan Karakter di Sekolah Dasar (Studi
Multikasus di SD Cita Hati West Campus, SD Gloria Pacar Surabaya, SD Petra Kediri)
Disertasi, Program Studi Manajemen Pendidikan. Program Pasca Sarjana, Universitas Negeri
Malang. Pembimbing : (I) Prof. H. Ahmad Sonhadji K.H., M.A., Ph.D., (II) Prof. Dr.
Marthen Pali, M.Psi, (III) Prof. Dr. H. Ibrahim Bafadal, M.Pd.
Kata kunci: manajemen pendidikan karakter, penanaman nilai-nilai, sekolah dasar
Indonesia dewasa ini sedang dihadapkan pada persoalan dekadensi moral dan karakter yang
sangat serius. Pergeseran orientasi kepribadian yang mengarah pada berbagai perilaku amoral
sudah demikian jelas dan nampak terjadi ditengah-tengah kehidupan bermasyarakat. Atas
dasar keadaan dilapangan pemerintah tergerak untuk menata kembali pola pendidikan
Indonesia dengan menghadirkan program pendidikan karakter. SD Cita Hati West Campus
Surabaya, SD Gloria Pacar Surabaya dan SD Petra Kediri, merupakan sekolah yang telah
melaksanakan pendidikan karakter.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang : (1) perencanaan pendidikan karakter
di SD Cita Hati West Surabaya, SD Gloria Pacar Surabaya, SD Petra Kediri, (2) sosialisasi
pendidikan karakter, (3) penanaman nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter, (4) pengawasan dan
evaluasi pelaksanaan pendidikan karakter.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif analisis melalui
rancangan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan (1) wawancara
mendalam, (2) observasi partisipatif, dan (3) studi dokumen. Informan diambil dari teknik
purposive. Wujud data adalah kata-kata, catatan, laporan dan dokumen yang diperoleh dari
kepala sekolah, wakil kepala sekolah, guru dan peserta didik SD Cita Hati West Campus
Surabaya, SD Gloria Pacar Surabaya dan SD Petra Kediri. Teknik analisis data dilakukan
dengan cara: reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Sedangkan
pemeriksaan keabsahan data dilakukan dengan derajat kepercayaan, derajat keteralihan,
derajat ketergantungan dan derajat kepastian.
Temuan penelitian yang dilakukan pada tiga Sekolah Dasar menunjukkan bahwa (1) kegiatan
perencanaan pendidikan karakter di sekolah dilandasi oleh visi yayasan, dan melibatkan
pengurus yayasan dan guru sehingga menjadi program pendidikan karakter; (2) sosialisasi
dilakukan oleh kepala sekolah kepada orang tua siswa dan selanjutnya guru
mensosialisasikan kepada siswa melalui berbagai kegiatan intra dan ekstra sekolah; (3)
penanaman nilai-nilai karakter, diawali dengan penetapan prioritas nilai-nilai inti (core
values) bagi sekolah, dan metode yang digunakan untuk penyemaian nilai-nilai pendidikan
karakter adalah dengan menggunakan pendekatan komprehensif yaitu: (a) melalui kegiatan
pengintegrasian semua mata pelajaran (integrated subject), (b) sebagai program yang berdiri
sendiri (separated subject), (c) program ekstra-kurikuler dan (4) pengawasan dan evaluasi
pelaksanaan pendidikan karakter dilaksanakan dalam dua cara yaitu : (a) sistem manajemen
partisipasi (melibatkan semua komponen sekolah), (b) melalui penilaian akademik (raport).
Hasil penelitian ini merekomendasikan bahwa peranan manajemen pendidikan dalam
program pendidikan karakter di sekolah sangat diperlukan, agar pelaksanaan pendidikan
karakter di sekolah dapat mencapai tujuan seperti yang direncanakan. Oleh karena itu
diperlukan kreativitas pimpinan untuk program pengembangan pendidikan karakter sehingga
tidak terjebak pada kegiatan rutinitas, pemberdayaan sarana dan prasarana, etos kerja budaya
sekolah, keluarga akan mendukung keberhasilan pendidikan karakter.
ABSTRACT
Ratnawati, Ninik. 2011. Management of Character Education in Elementary Schools (Multicase study at Cita Hati West Campus Elementari School Surabaya,Gloria Pacar Elementary
School Surabaya, Petra Elementary School Kediri) Dissertation, Management of Education.
Postgraduate program, State University of Malang. Supervisor: (I) Prof. H. Ahmad Sonhadji
K.H., M.A., Ph.D., (II) Prof. Dr. Marthen Pali, M.Psi, (III) Prof. Dr. H. Ibrahim Bafadal,
M.Pd.
Keywords: management of character education, value implementation, elementary school
Indonesia has recently been facing a serious decadence in moral and character. The
degeneration in character value manifested by amoral behavior is palpable in society.
Reflecting to such an obvious matter, the government is triggered to rearrange the education
system in Indonesia by providing character education program. This program has been
conducted in some schools in Indonesia such as Cita Hati West Campus Elementary School
Surabaya, Gloria Pacar Elementary School Surabaya, and Petra Elementary School Kediri.
This research was aimed at describing: (1) character education planning at Cita Hati West
Elementary School Surabaya, Gloria Pacar Elementary School Surabaya, and Petra
Elementary School Kediri; (2) promotion of character education; (3) value implementation of
character education; (4) control and evaluation during the implementation of character
education.
Qualitative approach using descriptive analysis method through case study scheme was
applied in this research. Data collection was supported by (1) in-depth interview where the
informants were determined by purposive technique, (2) participative observation, and (3)
documents. The data were obtained in the form of words, notes, report and document from
the headmasters, the vice-headmasters, the teachers and students at the schools mentioned.
The technique of data analysis was conducted by reducing data, providing data and drawing
conclusion, while data validation was done using the degree of trust, degree of diversion,
degree of dependence, and degree of certainty.
The findings of this research revealed that (1) the planning of character education was based
on the vision of the foundation involving people responsible for the foundation and the
teachers; (2) the promotion of character education was delivered by the headmasters to
students' parents, and by the teachers to the students via intra and extracurricular activities;
(3) the implementation of character values was preceded by the determination of core value
priority for schools, and the method implemented for the setting of character education values
was comprehensive approach through (a) subject integration, (b) subject separation, (c)
extracurricular programs, and (4) control and evaluation of character education
implementation which were conducted in two ways: (a) management participation system
(involving the whole school components), and (b) academic performance (based on students'
report).
The result of this research suggested that the role of management in education was highly
required in character education at schools. Therefore, the creativeness of the school leaders
was needed to support the development of this program and to keep a balance between this
program and other activities such as school routines, infrastructure empowerment and work
ethic at school.
Cita Hati West Campus, SD Gloria Pacar Surabaya, SD Petra Kediri).
(Disertasi)
Ninik Ratnawati
Abstrak
Ratnawati, Ninik. 2011. Manajemen Pendidikan Karakter di Sekolah Dasar (Studi
Multikasus di SD Cita Hati West Campus, SD Gloria Pacar Surabaya, SD Petra Kediri)
Disertasi, Program Studi Manajemen Pendidikan. Program Pasca Sarjana, Universitas Negeri
Malang. Pembimbing : (I) Prof. H. Ahmad Sonhadji K.H., M.A., Ph.D., (II) Prof. Dr.
Marthen Pali, M.Psi, (III) Prof. Dr. H. Ibrahim Bafadal, M.Pd.
Kata kunci: manajemen pendidikan karakter, penanaman nilai-nilai, sekolah dasar
Indonesia dewasa ini sedang dihadapkan pada persoalan dekadensi moral dan karakter yang
sangat serius. Pergeseran orientasi kepribadian yang mengarah pada berbagai perilaku amoral
sudah demikian jelas dan nampak terjadi ditengah-tengah kehidupan bermasyarakat. Atas
dasar keadaan dilapangan pemerintah tergerak untuk menata kembali pola pendidikan
Indonesia dengan menghadirkan program pendidikan karakter. SD Cita Hati West Campus
Surabaya, SD Gloria Pacar Surabaya dan SD Petra Kediri, merupakan sekolah yang telah
melaksanakan pendidikan karakter.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang : (1) perencanaan pendidikan karakter
di SD Cita Hati West Surabaya, SD Gloria Pacar Surabaya, SD Petra Kediri, (2) sosialisasi
pendidikan karakter, (3) penanaman nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter, (4) pengawasan dan
evaluasi pelaksanaan pendidikan karakter.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif analisis melalui
rancangan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan (1) wawancara
mendalam, (2) observasi partisipatif, dan (3) studi dokumen. Informan diambil dari teknik
purposive. Wujud data adalah kata-kata, catatan, laporan dan dokumen yang diperoleh dari
kepala sekolah, wakil kepala sekolah, guru dan peserta didik SD Cita Hati West Campus
Surabaya, SD Gloria Pacar Surabaya dan SD Petra Kediri. Teknik analisis data dilakukan
dengan cara: reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Sedangkan
pemeriksaan keabsahan data dilakukan dengan derajat kepercayaan, derajat keteralihan,
derajat ketergantungan dan derajat kepastian.
Temuan penelitian yang dilakukan pada tiga Sekolah Dasar menunjukkan bahwa (1) kegiatan
perencanaan pendidikan karakter di sekolah dilandasi oleh visi yayasan, dan melibatkan
pengurus yayasan dan guru sehingga menjadi program pendidikan karakter; (2) sosialisasi
dilakukan oleh kepala sekolah kepada orang tua siswa dan selanjutnya guru
mensosialisasikan kepada siswa melalui berbagai kegiatan intra dan ekstra sekolah; (3)
penanaman nilai-nilai karakter, diawali dengan penetapan prioritas nilai-nilai inti (core
values) bagi sekolah, dan metode yang digunakan untuk penyemaian nilai-nilai pendidikan
karakter adalah dengan menggunakan pendekatan komprehensif yaitu: (a) melalui kegiatan
pengintegrasian semua mata pelajaran (integrated subject), (b) sebagai program yang berdiri
sendiri (separated subject), (c) program ekstra-kurikuler dan (4) pengawasan dan evaluasi
pelaksanaan pendidikan karakter dilaksanakan dalam dua cara yaitu : (a) sistem manajemen
partisipasi (melibatkan semua komponen sekolah), (b) melalui penilaian akademik (raport).
Hasil penelitian ini merekomendasikan bahwa peranan manajemen pendidikan dalam
program pendidikan karakter di sekolah sangat diperlukan, agar pelaksanaan pendidikan
karakter di sekolah dapat mencapai tujuan seperti yang direncanakan. Oleh karena itu
diperlukan kreativitas pimpinan untuk program pengembangan pendidikan karakter sehingga
tidak terjebak pada kegiatan rutinitas, pemberdayaan sarana dan prasarana, etos kerja budaya
sekolah, keluarga akan mendukung keberhasilan pendidikan karakter.
ABSTRACT
Ratnawati, Ninik. 2011. Management of Character Education in Elementary Schools (Multicase study at Cita Hati West Campus Elementari School Surabaya,Gloria Pacar Elementary
School Surabaya, Petra Elementary School Kediri) Dissertation, Management of Education.
Postgraduate program, State University of Malang. Supervisor: (I) Prof. H. Ahmad Sonhadji
K.H., M.A., Ph.D., (II) Prof. Dr. Marthen Pali, M.Psi, (III) Prof. Dr. H. Ibrahim Bafadal,
M.Pd.
Keywords: management of character education, value implementation, elementary school
Indonesia has recently been facing a serious decadence in moral and character. The
degeneration in character value manifested by amoral behavior is palpable in society.
Reflecting to such an obvious matter, the government is triggered to rearrange the education
system in Indonesia by providing character education program. This program has been
conducted in some schools in Indonesia such as Cita Hati West Campus Elementary School
Surabaya, Gloria Pacar Elementary School Surabaya, and Petra Elementary School Kediri.
This research was aimed at describing: (1) character education planning at Cita Hati West
Elementary School Surabaya, Gloria Pacar Elementary School Surabaya, and Petra
Elementary School Kediri; (2) promotion of character education; (3) value implementation of
character education; (4) control and evaluation during the implementation of character
education.
Qualitative approach using descriptive analysis method through case study scheme was
applied in this research. Data collection was supported by (1) in-depth interview where the
informants were determined by purposive technique, (2) participative observation, and (3)
documents. The data were obtained in the form of words, notes, report and document from
the headmasters, the vice-headmasters, the teachers and students at the schools mentioned.
The technique of data analysis was conducted by reducing data, providing data and drawing
conclusion, while data validation was done using the degree of trust, degree of diversion,
degree of dependence, and degree of certainty.
The findings of this research revealed that (1) the planning of character education was based
on the vision of the foundation involving people responsible for the foundation and the
teachers; (2) the promotion of character education was delivered by the headmasters to
students' parents, and by the teachers to the students via intra and extracurricular activities;
(3) the implementation of character values was preceded by the determination of core value
priority for schools, and the method implemented for the setting of character education values
was comprehensive approach through (a) subject integration, (b) subject separation, (c)
extracurricular programs, and (4) control and evaluation of character education
implementation which were conducted in two ways: (a) management participation system
(involving the whole school components), and (b) academic performance (based on students'
report).
The result of this research suggested that the role of management in education was highly
required in character education at schools. Therefore, the creativeness of the school leaders
was needed to support the development of this program and to keep a balance between this
program and other activities such as school routines, infrastructure empowerment and work
ethic at school.