BusCom11.ppt 696KB Mar 29 2010 04:55:18 AM
Communicating
Information
Through Visuals
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Planning Visuals
Decide What to Say
Develop a Story Line
Save Time
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Preparing Visuals
Gain an
Advantage
Pick Points
to Visualize
Balance Words
and Visuals
Set a
Schedule
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
The Right Visual for the Job
Tables •Detailed, exact values
Line or Bar Charts •Trends over time
Pie or Area Charts •Frequencies or distributions
Bar Charts •Comparison of items
Pie Charts •Comparison of parts
Line or Dot Charts •Correlations
Maps •Geographic relationships
Flowcharts •Processes or procedures
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
The Parts of a Table
Stub head
Subhead
Subhead
Single
Column
Head
Row head
Row head
Subhead
Subhead
XXX
XXX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XXX
XXX
XX
XX
XX
XX
Total
XXX
XXX
XX
XX
Multicolumn Head*
Single
Column
Head
Source: (In the same format as a text footnote).
*Footnote (for explanation of elements in the table).
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Preparing Numerical
Tables
• Use common, clearly identified units
• Use the same units for all items in a column
• Label column headings
• Separate rows and columns
• Provide column-to-row totals or averages
• Document data sources
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Using Line Charts
and Surface Charts
Show
Changes
©
199
6
199
8
200
0
200
2
Indicate
Relationships
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Average Age of Passenger Cars and Trucks in Use
9
Average Age of Vehicle (in years)
8.5
8
7.5
7
6.5
6
5.5
5
4.5
4
1979 '81
'83
'85
'87
'89
Cars
©
'91
'93
'95
'97
'99
'01
Trucks
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Using Bar Charts
Compare Items
Show Changes
Indicate Composition
Show Relative Sizes
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Average Monthly Sales at Waldo’s
$70,000
$60,000
$50,000
$40,000
Slacks
Shirts
$30,000
J ackets
Accessories
$20,000
$10,000
$0
Store 1
©
Store 2
Store 3
Business Communicat
Store 4
Chapter 11 -
Using Pictograms
Novelty
Impact
©
Visual
Appeal
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
State
State Bank
Bank Pays
Pays More
More Interest
Interest
7
%
6
%
5%
4%
3%
2%
1%
State Bank
©
Union Bank
Trust Bank
Business Communicat
City Bank
Chapter 11 -
Timeline Charts
©
Time
Schedules
Milestones
Completed
Tasks
Uncompleted
Tasks
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Marketing Research
Timeline
Project Phase
Start
Date
End
Percent
Duration
June
Date
Done
8/3/02 8/7/02
Primary Research
5d
100%
Focus Groups
8/10/02 8/14/02
5d
100%
Interviews
8/12/02 8/16/02
5d
100%
Secondary Research
8/17/02 8/21/02
5d
0.00%
Business Plan 8/22/02 9/6/02
15d
0.00%
©
Business Communicat
July
Chapter 11 -
Using Pie Charts
Limit the Number
of Slices
Arrange Slices Clockwise
Use a Variety of Colors
Show Numbers
or Percentages
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
The French Quarter
Vintner
January Sales of Wine by Region
11%
13%
40%
California
France
Germany
Australia
Other
15%
21%
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Illustrating
Relationships
©
Organization
Charts
Flow
Charts
Positions
Processes
Units
Procedures
Functions
Sequences
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Flow
Flow Chart
Chart of
of the
the Report
Report Writing
Writing Process
Process
Yes
Keyboard
Input
First
Hard Copy
Next
Hard Copy
Edit
Edit
OK?
No
Add?
Keyboard
Input/Edit
Yes
Submit
Report
Keyboard
Input/Edit
No
Style and
Spelling
©
Style and
Spelling
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
The Chain of Command
Chief Executive
Officer
President
Vice
President
Vice
President
Vice
President
Vice
President
Vice
President
Region
1
Region
2
Region
3
Region
4
Region
5
District
A
©
Executive
Vice President
Executive
Vice President
District
B
District
C
District
D
District
E
Business Communicat
District
F
District
G
Chapter 11 -
Using Maps
Geographic
Areas
Regional
Differences
Key Markets
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Other Business Graphics
Drawings
and Diagrams
Images
and Photographs
Functions
Realism
Operations
Visual Appeal
Selected Details
Ethical Concerns
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Working With Computers
Speed
Advantages
Accuracy
Versatility
Training
Challenges
Artistic Skills
Time Requirements
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Computer
Graphics
Continuity
Contrast
Emphasis
Simplicity
Design Principles
©
Experience
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Integrating Text and Graphics
Audience
Attitudes
Production
Issues
Clear
Introductions
Careful
Placement
Effective Titles
and Legends
Overall Purpose
©
Subject Matter
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Checking Visual Aids
Typography
Typography
Honesty
Honesty
Necessity
Necessity
Coloring
Coloring
Documentation
Documentation
Accuracy
Accuracy
Alignment
Alignment
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Information
Through Visuals
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Planning Visuals
Decide What to Say
Develop a Story Line
Save Time
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Preparing Visuals
Gain an
Advantage
Pick Points
to Visualize
Balance Words
and Visuals
Set a
Schedule
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
The Right Visual for the Job
Tables •Detailed, exact values
Line or Bar Charts •Trends over time
Pie or Area Charts •Frequencies or distributions
Bar Charts •Comparison of items
Pie Charts •Comparison of parts
Line or Dot Charts •Correlations
Maps •Geographic relationships
Flowcharts •Processes or procedures
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
The Parts of a Table
Stub head
Subhead
Subhead
Single
Column
Head
Row head
Row head
Subhead
Subhead
XXX
XXX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XXX
XXX
XX
XX
XX
XX
Total
XXX
XXX
XX
XX
Multicolumn Head*
Single
Column
Head
Source: (In the same format as a text footnote).
*Footnote (for explanation of elements in the table).
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Preparing Numerical
Tables
• Use common, clearly identified units
• Use the same units for all items in a column
• Label column headings
• Separate rows and columns
• Provide column-to-row totals or averages
• Document data sources
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Using Line Charts
and Surface Charts
Show
Changes
©
199
6
199
8
200
0
200
2
Indicate
Relationships
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Average Age of Passenger Cars and Trucks in Use
9
Average Age of Vehicle (in years)
8.5
8
7.5
7
6.5
6
5.5
5
4.5
4
1979 '81
'83
'85
'87
'89
Cars
©
'91
'93
'95
'97
'99
'01
Trucks
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Using Bar Charts
Compare Items
Show Changes
Indicate Composition
Show Relative Sizes
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Average Monthly Sales at Waldo’s
$70,000
$60,000
$50,000
$40,000
Slacks
Shirts
$30,000
J ackets
Accessories
$20,000
$10,000
$0
Store 1
©
Store 2
Store 3
Business Communicat
Store 4
Chapter 11 -
Using Pictograms
Novelty
Impact
©
Visual
Appeal
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
State
State Bank
Bank Pays
Pays More
More Interest
Interest
7
%
6
%
5%
4%
3%
2%
1%
State Bank
©
Union Bank
Trust Bank
Business Communicat
City Bank
Chapter 11 -
Timeline Charts
©
Time
Schedules
Milestones
Completed
Tasks
Uncompleted
Tasks
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Marketing Research
Timeline
Project Phase
Start
Date
End
Percent
Duration
June
Date
Done
8/3/02 8/7/02
Primary Research
5d
100%
Focus Groups
8/10/02 8/14/02
5d
100%
Interviews
8/12/02 8/16/02
5d
100%
Secondary Research
8/17/02 8/21/02
5d
0.00%
Business Plan 8/22/02 9/6/02
15d
0.00%
©
Business Communicat
July
Chapter 11 -
Using Pie Charts
Limit the Number
of Slices
Arrange Slices Clockwise
Use a Variety of Colors
Show Numbers
or Percentages
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
The French Quarter
Vintner
January Sales of Wine by Region
11%
13%
40%
California
France
Germany
Australia
Other
15%
21%
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Illustrating
Relationships
©
Organization
Charts
Flow
Charts
Positions
Processes
Units
Procedures
Functions
Sequences
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Flow
Flow Chart
Chart of
of the
the Report
Report Writing
Writing Process
Process
Yes
Keyboard
Input
First
Hard Copy
Next
Hard Copy
Edit
Edit
OK?
No
Add?
Keyboard
Input/Edit
Yes
Submit
Report
Keyboard
Input/Edit
No
Style and
Spelling
©
Style and
Spelling
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
The Chain of Command
Chief Executive
Officer
President
Vice
President
Vice
President
Vice
President
Vice
President
Vice
President
Region
1
Region
2
Region
3
Region
4
Region
5
District
A
©
Executive
Vice President
Executive
Vice President
District
B
District
C
District
D
District
E
Business Communicat
District
F
District
G
Chapter 11 -
Using Maps
Geographic
Areas
Regional
Differences
Key Markets
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Other Business Graphics
Drawings
and Diagrams
Images
and Photographs
Functions
Realism
Operations
Visual Appeal
Selected Details
Ethical Concerns
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Working With Computers
Speed
Advantages
Accuracy
Versatility
Training
Challenges
Artistic Skills
Time Requirements
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Computer
Graphics
Continuity
Contrast
Emphasis
Simplicity
Design Principles
©
Experience
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Integrating Text and Graphics
Audience
Attitudes
Production
Issues
Clear
Introductions
Careful
Placement
Effective Titles
and Legends
Overall Purpose
©
Subject Matter
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -
Checking Visual Aids
Typography
Typography
Honesty
Honesty
Necessity
Necessity
Coloring
Coloring
Documentation
Documentation
Accuracy
Accuracy
Alignment
Alignment
©
Business Communicat
Chapter 11 -