A NATURALISTIC STUDY ON TEACHING WRITING AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 4 SURAKARTA A Naturalistic Study On Teaching Writing At SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta In 2015/2016 Academic Year.
A NATURALISTIC STUDY ON TEACHING WRITING AT SMP
MUHAMMADIYAH 4 SURAKARTA
IN 2015/2016 ACADEMIC YEAR
RESEARCH PAPER
by
Pandu Herwinanda Putra
A320120107
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2016
SUMMARY
Pandu Herwinanda Putra. A320120107. A NATURALISTIC STUDY ON
TEACHING WRITING AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 4 SURAKARTA IN
2015/2016 ACADEMIC YEAR. Research Paper. Muhammadiyah University
of Surakarta. 2016.
The study is aimed at observing the process of teaching writing at SMP
Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta. Specifically, it is conducted to know objectives of
the teaching for writing at eight grade students in SMP Muhammadiyaah 4
Surakarta, the materials in teaching writing, classroom procedure of teaching
writing used by the teacher, and the teacher’s and students’ roles in teaching
writing.
The researcher gets the data from event, informant, and document. The
techniques of collecting data in this research are observation in teaching writing
process and interview. To analyze the data, the researcher employs Miles and
Huberman theory of interactive method.
The result of this research are: 1) learning objective of teaching writing are
divided into two. The general learning objective is written in KTSP curriculum
that is “to develop the ability to communicate in English both in spoken and
written form to deal with the development of science and technology in facing the
globalization era”. The specific learning learning objective is found in lesson plan
that is “students are able to reveal the meaning in functional written text and the
simple short essay of recount and narrative to interact with the around
environtment”. 2) The teacher gave material about recount text. The teacher gave
explanation, examples, generic structure and tense used in recount text. Teaching
Materials is based on syllabus, but sometimes the teacher took the material from
internet, book, or other resource. The teacher used printed material for teachingg
learning writing. The printed material is textbook. The textbook is “Bahasa
Inggris Sekolah Menengah Pertama” EKSIS Modul Pintar 2015”, Practice Your
English Competence : for SMP/MTS Class VIII” written by Rubiyanto, Citra
Pustaka 2015. The teacher used some media for teaching learning writing, namely
whiteboard, LCD, and Laptop. 3) Classroom procedure used by the teacher is
devided into three steps namely Exploration, Elaboration and Confirmation. The
teacher used some techniques in the teaching learning process such as question
and answer, brainstroming, translation, instructor-initiated question and probes,
giving feedback, and summarizing, 4) the English teacher has complate role in the
teaching learning activities. Teacher’s role in teaching English are as facilitator,
manager, instructor, monitor, and evaluator. 5)The student’s role of teaching
writing in SMP Muhammdiyah 4 Surakarta ware as material receiver and
performer.
Keywords: teaching learning process, classroom procedure, writing skill.
v
RINGKASAN
Pandu Herwinanda Putra. A320120107. A NATURALISTIC STUDY ON
TEACHING WRITING AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 4 SURAKARTA IN
2015/2016 ACADEMIC YEAR. Research Paper. Muhammadiyah University
of Surakarta. 2016.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati proses mengajar menulis di
SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta. Hal ini di lakukan untuk mengetahui proses
mengajar kemampuan menulis pada siswa kelas VIII di SMP Muhammadiyah 4
Surakarta, materi mengajar menulis, prosedur kelas dalam mengajar menulis
yang digunakan oleh guru, peran guru dan peran siswa dalam belajar mengajar
menulis dalam bahasa inggris.
Peneliti mendapatkan datanya dari kegiatan, informasi dan dokumen.
Teknik pebgumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi dalam proses
mengajar menulis dan wawancara guru tentang pengajaran menulis. Untuk
menganalisis data, peneliti menggunakan teori Miles dan Huberman. Hasil
penelitian ini adalah 1) tujuan pembelajaran dalam pengajaran menulis dibagi
menjadi dua. Tujuan pembelajaran secara umum tertulis dalam kurikulum KTSP
“utuk mengembangkan kemampuan komunikasi berbahasa inggris dalam
berbicara dan menulis yang berdasarkan ilmu dan teknologi untuk menghadapi
era global”.
dan tujuan pembelajaran tertentu berdasarkan rencana
pembelajaran untuk kelas delapan “siswa mampu menyatakan makna fungsional
tertulis dan pertanyaan pendek tentang recount dan narrative teks untuik
berkomunikasi dengan lingkungan sekitar”. 2) Guru memberikan materi tentang
recount teks, Materi yang digunakan untuk mengajar berdasarkan silabus tetapi
kadang-kadang guru mengambil materi melalui internet, buku, dan sumber lain.
Guru menggunakan materi cetak untuk proses belajar mengajar menulis. Materi
cetak berupa buku pelajaran “Bahasa Inggris Sekolah Menengah Pertama”
EKSIS Modul Pintar 2015”, Practice Your English Competence : for SMP/MTS
Class VIII” penulis oleh Rubiyanto, Citra Pustaka 2015. Guru juga menggunakan
beberapa media dalam proses belajar mengajar menulis, yaitu papan tulis, LCD,
dan laptop. 3) Prosedur kelas yang digunakan oleh guru mempunyai tiga tahapan
yaitu Explorasi, Elaborasi dan Konfirmasi. Guru menggunakan beberapa teknik
dalam proses belajar mengajar seperti tanya jawab, pengungkapan pendapat,
terjemahan, permulaan guru dengan pertanyaan dan penyidikan, memberika n
umpan balik, dan meringkas. 4) Guru bahasa inggris memiliki peran lengkap
dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar. Peran guru dalam mengajar bahasa inggris
adalah sebagai fasilitator, manajer,instruktor, memantau, penilai. 5) peran siswa
dari pembelajaran writing di SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta adalah sebagai
penerima materi dan pelaksana.
Keywords: teaching learning process, classroom procedure, writing skill.
vi
MOTTO
My lord! I am truly in need of whatever good that you bestow on me!
(Surah Qoshosh, Verse 24)
Be your self because it’s not point trying to be anything for else.
(The Writer)
vii
DEDICATION
I gratefully dedicate this research paper to:
My dearest father, “Haryanto Wibawa”, and mother, “Winarti”,
My beloved sister “Putri Herwinanda Anggun Tyas and Sindy Sintia
Pramesti”,
My consultants and lecturers, and
All my families, friends, and readers.
viii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb
Alhamdulillahirabil’alamin, praise and gratitude to the Most Gracious and
Most Merciful, Alloh SWT for the blessing to the researcher in accomplishing this
research paper, entitled “A Naturalistic Study on Teaching Writing at SMP
Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta in 2015/2016 Academic Year”. This is one of the
requirements for getting Bachelor degree in English Department of Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta. Praising is also given to our prophet Muhammad SAW,
peace be upon him, a glory person who gives his blessing to his masses in the next
day.
The researcher would like to express his deepest gratitude to the people who
have ever helped her in completing through this research paper by their support,
advice, guidance, and even criticism. They are:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum, Dean of School of Teacher Training
and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta who has given the
legalization towards his research paper,
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D, Head of English Education Department and as
examiner who has corrected this research paper
and complete with correct
language,
3. Aryati Prasetyarini S. Pd, M. Pd, as the consultant who has guided him with
great advice, her valuable time correcting this research paper, and useful
criticism, corrections, help to complete the research paper with a correct
language,
ix
4.
Abdillah Nugroho, Dr, M.Hum as the academic advisor of class C 2012. Her
thanks for his guidance and kindness,
5. All the lecturers of English Department of UMS. Thanks for the knowledge
and the guidance for the past four years,
6. Drs. Sukendar, M.Pd, as headmaster of SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta for
giving information and allowing the writer to take research,
7. Henny Septinawati, S.Pd, as the English teachers at SMP Muhammadiyah 4
Surakarta for giving information and allowing the writer to observe the teaching
learning process,
8. Librarians of UMS for their helps in providing the reference books,
9. His great father Mr. Haryanto Wibawa and the beloved mother Mrs. Winarti
for guarding with tremendous love, care, support, and continue prayer to finish
this research paper,
10. His beloved sister, Putri Herwinanda Anggun Tyas and Shindy Sintia
Pramesti, who always gives advice, support, and care,
11. His second family in campus, Wahyu “ The Wild One in UMS”, Tommi “The
Perfect One”, Nida “The Sweet One”, Cynthia “The Best Secret Sever”, Vitto
“The Kind Person”, Dedik “The Oldest One”, Fachruddin “The Fat One”, Surty
“The Hottest One”,
12. His forever gengs, Ria “The Fussy One”, Elsa “The Beautiful One”, Fandy “The
Smart One”, Jayadi “The Lazy One”,
13. His friends in English Education Department Students Organization ’12 and,
x
14. Those who cannot be mentioned one in favor of supporting the writer in
accomplishing the research paper,
The writer realizes that this research paper is still far for being perfect. Thank
you for unforgotten contribution during the research paper writing process.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warohmatullohi Wabarokatuh.
Surakarta, July 20, 2016
Pandu Herwinanda Putra
xi
TABLE OF CONTENT
page
COVER......................................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL ................................................................................................................. ii
ACCEPTENCE............................................................................................................. iii
TESTIMONY ............................................................................................................... iv
SUMMARY .................................................................................................................. v
RINGKASAN............................................................................................................... vi
MOTTO ........................................................................................................................ vii
DEDICATION .............................................................................................................. viii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT............................................................................................... ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ............................................................................................... xii
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 1
A. Background of the Study................................................................ 1
B. Problem Statement.......................................................................... 5
C. Objective of the Study ….. ........................................................... 5
D. Scope of the Study ......................................................................... 5
E. Significance of the Study…….. ..................................................... 6
F. Research Paper Organization.......................................................... 6
CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE.......................................... 8
A. Previous Study..................................... ........................................ 8
B. Theoritical Review ....................................................................... 13
1. Notion of Writing Skill ......................................................... 13
2. Aspect of Writing Skill ......................................................... 14
xii
3. Processes of Writing ........................................................... 16
4. General Concept of Teaching Writing................................ 17
5. Classroom Procedure in Teaching Writing......................... 21
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD .................................................................... 24
A. Type of the Research ................................................................... 24
B. Subject of the Study..................................................................... 24
C. Object of the Research................................................................. 25
D. Data and Source of Data .............................................................. 25
E. Method of Collecting Data .......................................................... 26
F. Technique for Analyzing Data .................................................... 27
CHAPTER IV : RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION .................................. 29
A. Research Finding .......................................................................... 29
1. Learning Objective ............................................................... 29
2. Teaching Materials................................................................ 30
3. Classroom Procedure ............................................................ 31
4. Teacher Roles ....................................................................... 39
5. Student Roles ....................................................................... 44
B. Discussion of Research Finding ................................................... 46
1. Learning Objective ............................................................... 46
2. Teaching Materials................................................................ 48
3. Classroom Procedures .......................................................... 49
4. Teacher Roles ....................................................................... 51
5. Student Roles ........................................................................ 52
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION, PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATION, AND
SUGGESTION ................................................................................... 53
A. Conclusion.................................................................................... 53
B. Pedagogical Implication ............................................................... 54
C. Suggestion .................................................................................... 55
xiii
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xiv
MUHAMMADIYAH 4 SURAKARTA
IN 2015/2016 ACADEMIC YEAR
RESEARCH PAPER
by
Pandu Herwinanda Putra
A320120107
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2016
SUMMARY
Pandu Herwinanda Putra. A320120107. A NATURALISTIC STUDY ON
TEACHING WRITING AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 4 SURAKARTA IN
2015/2016 ACADEMIC YEAR. Research Paper. Muhammadiyah University
of Surakarta. 2016.
The study is aimed at observing the process of teaching writing at SMP
Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta. Specifically, it is conducted to know objectives of
the teaching for writing at eight grade students in SMP Muhammadiyaah 4
Surakarta, the materials in teaching writing, classroom procedure of teaching
writing used by the teacher, and the teacher’s and students’ roles in teaching
writing.
The researcher gets the data from event, informant, and document. The
techniques of collecting data in this research are observation in teaching writing
process and interview. To analyze the data, the researcher employs Miles and
Huberman theory of interactive method.
The result of this research are: 1) learning objective of teaching writing are
divided into two. The general learning objective is written in KTSP curriculum
that is “to develop the ability to communicate in English both in spoken and
written form to deal with the development of science and technology in facing the
globalization era”. The specific learning learning objective is found in lesson plan
that is “students are able to reveal the meaning in functional written text and the
simple short essay of recount and narrative to interact with the around
environtment”. 2) The teacher gave material about recount text. The teacher gave
explanation, examples, generic structure and tense used in recount text. Teaching
Materials is based on syllabus, but sometimes the teacher took the material from
internet, book, or other resource. The teacher used printed material for teachingg
learning writing. The printed material is textbook. The textbook is “Bahasa
Inggris Sekolah Menengah Pertama” EKSIS Modul Pintar 2015”, Practice Your
English Competence : for SMP/MTS Class VIII” written by Rubiyanto, Citra
Pustaka 2015. The teacher used some media for teaching learning writing, namely
whiteboard, LCD, and Laptop. 3) Classroom procedure used by the teacher is
devided into three steps namely Exploration, Elaboration and Confirmation. The
teacher used some techniques in the teaching learning process such as question
and answer, brainstroming, translation, instructor-initiated question and probes,
giving feedback, and summarizing, 4) the English teacher has complate role in the
teaching learning activities. Teacher’s role in teaching English are as facilitator,
manager, instructor, monitor, and evaluator. 5)The student’s role of teaching
writing in SMP Muhammdiyah 4 Surakarta ware as material receiver and
performer.
Keywords: teaching learning process, classroom procedure, writing skill.
v
RINGKASAN
Pandu Herwinanda Putra. A320120107. A NATURALISTIC STUDY ON
TEACHING WRITING AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 4 SURAKARTA IN
2015/2016 ACADEMIC YEAR. Research Paper. Muhammadiyah University
of Surakarta. 2016.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati proses mengajar menulis di
SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta. Hal ini di lakukan untuk mengetahui proses
mengajar kemampuan menulis pada siswa kelas VIII di SMP Muhammadiyah 4
Surakarta, materi mengajar menulis, prosedur kelas dalam mengajar menulis
yang digunakan oleh guru, peran guru dan peran siswa dalam belajar mengajar
menulis dalam bahasa inggris.
Peneliti mendapatkan datanya dari kegiatan, informasi dan dokumen.
Teknik pebgumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi dalam proses
mengajar menulis dan wawancara guru tentang pengajaran menulis. Untuk
menganalisis data, peneliti menggunakan teori Miles dan Huberman. Hasil
penelitian ini adalah 1) tujuan pembelajaran dalam pengajaran menulis dibagi
menjadi dua. Tujuan pembelajaran secara umum tertulis dalam kurikulum KTSP
“utuk mengembangkan kemampuan komunikasi berbahasa inggris dalam
berbicara dan menulis yang berdasarkan ilmu dan teknologi untuk menghadapi
era global”.
dan tujuan pembelajaran tertentu berdasarkan rencana
pembelajaran untuk kelas delapan “siswa mampu menyatakan makna fungsional
tertulis dan pertanyaan pendek tentang recount dan narrative teks untuik
berkomunikasi dengan lingkungan sekitar”. 2) Guru memberikan materi tentang
recount teks, Materi yang digunakan untuk mengajar berdasarkan silabus tetapi
kadang-kadang guru mengambil materi melalui internet, buku, dan sumber lain.
Guru menggunakan materi cetak untuk proses belajar mengajar menulis. Materi
cetak berupa buku pelajaran “Bahasa Inggris Sekolah Menengah Pertama”
EKSIS Modul Pintar 2015”, Practice Your English Competence : for SMP/MTS
Class VIII” penulis oleh Rubiyanto, Citra Pustaka 2015. Guru juga menggunakan
beberapa media dalam proses belajar mengajar menulis, yaitu papan tulis, LCD,
dan laptop. 3) Prosedur kelas yang digunakan oleh guru mempunyai tiga tahapan
yaitu Explorasi, Elaborasi dan Konfirmasi. Guru menggunakan beberapa teknik
dalam proses belajar mengajar seperti tanya jawab, pengungkapan pendapat,
terjemahan, permulaan guru dengan pertanyaan dan penyidikan, memberika n
umpan balik, dan meringkas. 4) Guru bahasa inggris memiliki peran lengkap
dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar. Peran guru dalam mengajar bahasa inggris
adalah sebagai fasilitator, manajer,instruktor, memantau, penilai. 5) peran siswa
dari pembelajaran writing di SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta adalah sebagai
penerima materi dan pelaksana.
Keywords: teaching learning process, classroom procedure, writing skill.
vi
MOTTO
My lord! I am truly in need of whatever good that you bestow on me!
(Surah Qoshosh, Verse 24)
Be your self because it’s not point trying to be anything for else.
(The Writer)
vii
DEDICATION
I gratefully dedicate this research paper to:
My dearest father, “Haryanto Wibawa”, and mother, “Winarti”,
My beloved sister “Putri Herwinanda Anggun Tyas and Sindy Sintia
Pramesti”,
My consultants and lecturers, and
All my families, friends, and readers.
viii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb
Alhamdulillahirabil’alamin, praise and gratitude to the Most Gracious and
Most Merciful, Alloh SWT for the blessing to the researcher in accomplishing this
research paper, entitled “A Naturalistic Study on Teaching Writing at SMP
Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta in 2015/2016 Academic Year”. This is one of the
requirements for getting Bachelor degree in English Department of Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta. Praising is also given to our prophet Muhammad SAW,
peace be upon him, a glory person who gives his blessing to his masses in the next
day.
The researcher would like to express his deepest gratitude to the people who
have ever helped her in completing through this research paper by their support,
advice, guidance, and even criticism. They are:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum, Dean of School of Teacher Training
and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta who has given the
legalization towards his research paper,
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D, Head of English Education Department and as
examiner who has corrected this research paper
and complete with correct
language,
3. Aryati Prasetyarini S. Pd, M. Pd, as the consultant who has guided him with
great advice, her valuable time correcting this research paper, and useful
criticism, corrections, help to complete the research paper with a correct
language,
ix
4.
Abdillah Nugroho, Dr, M.Hum as the academic advisor of class C 2012. Her
thanks for his guidance and kindness,
5. All the lecturers of English Department of UMS. Thanks for the knowledge
and the guidance for the past four years,
6. Drs. Sukendar, M.Pd, as headmaster of SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta for
giving information and allowing the writer to take research,
7. Henny Septinawati, S.Pd, as the English teachers at SMP Muhammadiyah 4
Surakarta for giving information and allowing the writer to observe the teaching
learning process,
8. Librarians of UMS for their helps in providing the reference books,
9. His great father Mr. Haryanto Wibawa and the beloved mother Mrs. Winarti
for guarding with tremendous love, care, support, and continue prayer to finish
this research paper,
10. His beloved sister, Putri Herwinanda Anggun Tyas and Shindy Sintia
Pramesti, who always gives advice, support, and care,
11. His second family in campus, Wahyu “ The Wild One in UMS”, Tommi “The
Perfect One”, Nida “The Sweet One”, Cynthia “The Best Secret Sever”, Vitto
“The Kind Person”, Dedik “The Oldest One”, Fachruddin “The Fat One”, Surty
“The Hottest One”,
12. His forever gengs, Ria “The Fussy One”, Elsa “The Beautiful One”, Fandy “The
Smart One”, Jayadi “The Lazy One”,
13. His friends in English Education Department Students Organization ’12 and,
x
14. Those who cannot be mentioned one in favor of supporting the writer in
accomplishing the research paper,
The writer realizes that this research paper is still far for being perfect. Thank
you for unforgotten contribution during the research paper writing process.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warohmatullohi Wabarokatuh.
Surakarta, July 20, 2016
Pandu Herwinanda Putra
xi
TABLE OF CONTENT
page
COVER......................................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL ................................................................................................................. ii
ACCEPTENCE............................................................................................................. iii
TESTIMONY ............................................................................................................... iv
SUMMARY .................................................................................................................. v
RINGKASAN............................................................................................................... vi
MOTTO ........................................................................................................................ vii
DEDICATION .............................................................................................................. viii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT............................................................................................... ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ............................................................................................... xii
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 1
A. Background of the Study................................................................ 1
B. Problem Statement.......................................................................... 5
C. Objective of the Study ….. ........................................................... 5
D. Scope of the Study ......................................................................... 5
E. Significance of the Study…….. ..................................................... 6
F. Research Paper Organization.......................................................... 6
CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE.......................................... 8
A. Previous Study..................................... ........................................ 8
B. Theoritical Review ....................................................................... 13
1. Notion of Writing Skill ......................................................... 13
2. Aspect of Writing Skill ......................................................... 14
xii
3. Processes of Writing ........................................................... 16
4. General Concept of Teaching Writing................................ 17
5. Classroom Procedure in Teaching Writing......................... 21
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD .................................................................... 24
A. Type of the Research ................................................................... 24
B. Subject of the Study..................................................................... 24
C. Object of the Research................................................................. 25
D. Data and Source of Data .............................................................. 25
E. Method of Collecting Data .......................................................... 26
F. Technique for Analyzing Data .................................................... 27
CHAPTER IV : RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION .................................. 29
A. Research Finding .......................................................................... 29
1. Learning Objective ............................................................... 29
2. Teaching Materials................................................................ 30
3. Classroom Procedure ............................................................ 31
4. Teacher Roles ....................................................................... 39
5. Student Roles ....................................................................... 44
B. Discussion of Research Finding ................................................... 46
1. Learning Objective ............................................................... 46
2. Teaching Materials................................................................ 48
3. Classroom Procedures .......................................................... 49
4. Teacher Roles ....................................................................... 51
5. Student Roles ........................................................................ 52
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION, PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATION, AND
SUGGESTION ................................................................................... 53
A. Conclusion.................................................................................... 53
B. Pedagogical Implication ............................................................... 54
C. Suggestion .................................................................................... 55
xiii
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xiv