Penerapan Ketentuan Fundamental Breach Berdasarkan Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) 1980 dalam Kontrak Jual Beli Barang Internasional di Indonesia.
Penerapan Ketentuan Fundamental Breach berdasarkan Convention on
Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) 1980 dalam Kontrak
Jual Beli Barang Internasional di Indonesia
ABSTRAK
Dalam hubungan dagang atau jual beli internasional, penjual dan pembeli
sebagai para pihak terikat pada suatu kontrak internasional. Pilihan hukum
dalam kontrak internasional yang sering digunakan dalam perdagangan
global ialah Convention on contracts for International Sale of Goods (CISG)
1980. CISG 1980 adalah konvesi internasional yang dibuat oleh Perserikatan
Bangsa-Banga (PBB), untuk mengatur dan melakukan penyelarasan
ketentuan-ketentuan, serta kewajiban dan hak dalam jual beli internasional.
CISG 1980 mengatur tentang wanprestasi yang dilakukan oleh para pihak,
serta terkait dengan wanprestasi yang merupakan fundamental breach. Istilah
fundamental breach belum dikenal di Indonesia, sehingga masih terdapat
pertanyaan, apakah fundamental breach berdasarkan CISG 1980 dapat
diterapkan di Indonesia dan tidak bertentangan dengan hukum perdata
tentang perjanjian di Indonesia. Selain itu, apakah dampak dari upaya hukum
fundamental breach, seperti avoidance of the contract, substitution of the
goods dan repair of the goods dapat diterapkan di Indonesia.
Skripsi ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan
spesifikasi bersifat deskriptif analitis yang mempelajari dan meneliti mengenai
unsur, dampak serta penerapan dari ketentuan fundamental breach dalam
kontrak jual beli barang internasional, serta kemungkinan penerapan
ketentuan tersebut pada kontrak internasional di Indonesia.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa ketentuan CISG
1980 khususnya mengenai Fundamental Breach dapat diterapkan di
Indonesia, berdasarkan unsur-unsur yang terdapat dalam ketentuan tersebut,
yakni substantial deprivation dan foreseeability. Selanjutnya, dampak dari
upaya-upaya hukum dari adanya fundamental breach yakni avoidance of the
contract, damages, repair of the goods dan substitution of the goods dapat
diterapkan di Indonesia menurut hukum perjanjian mengenai ganti rugi dalam
wanprestasi.
Application of Fundamental Breach Provision Based on Convention on
Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) 1980 in
International Contracts of Sale of Goods in Indonesia
ABSTRACT
In the business or international sale of goods relationships, a buyer and
seller as the parties are bound by an international contract. Choice of law that
is commonly used in an international contract is Convention on contracts for
International Sale of Goods (CISG) 1980. CISG 1980 is international
convention which was made by the United Nations (UN), to rule and
harmonize any provision, as well as the rights and obligations in international
contracts of sale of goods. CISG 1980 regulates regarding the breach of
contract which is conduted by one party in a contract, as well as the breach of
contract that amounts to a fundamental breach. The term fundamental breach
has not been known yet in Indonesia, so that there is a question mark, on
whether or not the fundamental breach based on CISG 1980 may be
applicable in Indonesia. Moreover, there is more question arises on whether
or not the impact from the remedies of fundamental breach such as avoidance
of the contract, repair of the goods and substitution of the goods may be
applicable in Indonesia. Such topic is needed to be much more analyzed so a
contract which contains a party from Indonesia may assess in applying
fundamental breach based on CISG 1980 in Indonesia.
CISG 1980 regulates that in a contract, if there is one party who does not
fulfill his contractual obligation, thus he may be convinted as breaching party.
Moreover, such party may be convicted as the party who has done a
fundaemntal breach. The Indonesian Civil Code does not clearly stipulate
regarding fundamental breach as regulated by CISG 1980, although such
provision is more often being needed to be adopted and used in international
contract relationships in Indonesia.
This mini thesis is using a judicial normative research method with the
specification of analytical descriptive, which learnt and analyzed the element,
impact and application of fundamental breach in international contracts of sale
of goods, as well as its possibilty to be applied in international contracts in
Indonesia.
The analysis results a conclusions that the provision of fundamental
breach may be applicable in Indonesia, based on its elements, which are
substantial deprivation and foreseeability. Such provision may also be
applicable in Indonesia based on its application and impacts in international
contracts. Moreover, the impact from from the remedies of fundamental
breach which are avoidance of the contract, damages, repair of the goods and
substitution of the goods can be applicable in Indonesia according to law of
contract regarding damages resulting from breach of contract.
Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) 1980 dalam Kontrak
Jual Beli Barang Internasional di Indonesia
ABSTRAK
Dalam hubungan dagang atau jual beli internasional, penjual dan pembeli
sebagai para pihak terikat pada suatu kontrak internasional. Pilihan hukum
dalam kontrak internasional yang sering digunakan dalam perdagangan
global ialah Convention on contracts for International Sale of Goods (CISG)
1980. CISG 1980 adalah konvesi internasional yang dibuat oleh Perserikatan
Bangsa-Banga (PBB), untuk mengatur dan melakukan penyelarasan
ketentuan-ketentuan, serta kewajiban dan hak dalam jual beli internasional.
CISG 1980 mengatur tentang wanprestasi yang dilakukan oleh para pihak,
serta terkait dengan wanprestasi yang merupakan fundamental breach. Istilah
fundamental breach belum dikenal di Indonesia, sehingga masih terdapat
pertanyaan, apakah fundamental breach berdasarkan CISG 1980 dapat
diterapkan di Indonesia dan tidak bertentangan dengan hukum perdata
tentang perjanjian di Indonesia. Selain itu, apakah dampak dari upaya hukum
fundamental breach, seperti avoidance of the contract, substitution of the
goods dan repair of the goods dapat diterapkan di Indonesia.
Skripsi ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan
spesifikasi bersifat deskriptif analitis yang mempelajari dan meneliti mengenai
unsur, dampak serta penerapan dari ketentuan fundamental breach dalam
kontrak jual beli barang internasional, serta kemungkinan penerapan
ketentuan tersebut pada kontrak internasional di Indonesia.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa ketentuan CISG
1980 khususnya mengenai Fundamental Breach dapat diterapkan di
Indonesia, berdasarkan unsur-unsur yang terdapat dalam ketentuan tersebut,
yakni substantial deprivation dan foreseeability. Selanjutnya, dampak dari
upaya-upaya hukum dari adanya fundamental breach yakni avoidance of the
contract, damages, repair of the goods dan substitution of the goods dapat
diterapkan di Indonesia menurut hukum perjanjian mengenai ganti rugi dalam
wanprestasi.
Application of Fundamental Breach Provision Based on Convention on
Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) 1980 in
International Contracts of Sale of Goods in Indonesia
ABSTRACT
In the business or international sale of goods relationships, a buyer and
seller as the parties are bound by an international contract. Choice of law that
is commonly used in an international contract is Convention on contracts for
International Sale of Goods (CISG) 1980. CISG 1980 is international
convention which was made by the United Nations (UN), to rule and
harmonize any provision, as well as the rights and obligations in international
contracts of sale of goods. CISG 1980 regulates regarding the breach of
contract which is conduted by one party in a contract, as well as the breach of
contract that amounts to a fundamental breach. The term fundamental breach
has not been known yet in Indonesia, so that there is a question mark, on
whether or not the fundamental breach based on CISG 1980 may be
applicable in Indonesia. Moreover, there is more question arises on whether
or not the impact from the remedies of fundamental breach such as avoidance
of the contract, repair of the goods and substitution of the goods may be
applicable in Indonesia. Such topic is needed to be much more analyzed so a
contract which contains a party from Indonesia may assess in applying
fundamental breach based on CISG 1980 in Indonesia.
CISG 1980 regulates that in a contract, if there is one party who does not
fulfill his contractual obligation, thus he may be convinted as breaching party.
Moreover, such party may be convicted as the party who has done a
fundaemntal breach. The Indonesian Civil Code does not clearly stipulate
regarding fundamental breach as regulated by CISG 1980, although such
provision is more often being needed to be adopted and used in international
contract relationships in Indonesia.
This mini thesis is using a judicial normative research method with the
specification of analytical descriptive, which learnt and analyzed the element,
impact and application of fundamental breach in international contracts of sale
of goods, as well as its possibilty to be applied in international contracts in
Indonesia.
The analysis results a conclusions that the provision of fundamental
breach may be applicable in Indonesia, based on its elements, which are
substantial deprivation and foreseeability. Such provision may also be
applicable in Indonesia based on its application and impacts in international
contracts. Moreover, the impact from from the remedies of fundamental
breach which are avoidance of the contract, damages, repair of the goods and
substitution of the goods can be applicable in Indonesia according to law of
contract regarding damages resulting from breach of contract.