S ING 0809325 Table of content
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page of Approval..............................................................................................
i
Statement ..........................................................................................................
ii
Forewords .........................................................................................................
iii
Acknowledgements ..........................................................................................
iv
Abstract ............................................................................................................
v
Table of Content ...............................................................................................
vi
List of Tables....................................................................................................
ix
List of Figures ..................................................................................................
x
Chapter 1 – Introduction ...............................................................................
1
1.1. Background of the Study...........................................................................
1
1.2. Research Questions ...................................................................................
2
1.3. Purpose of the Study .................................................................................
3
1.4. Scope of the Study ....................................................................................
3
1.5. Significance of the Study ..........................................................................
3
1.6. Research Methodology..............................................................................
4
1.7. Clarification of Terms ...............................................................................
4
1.7.1. Lesson Plan ..........................................................................................
4
1.7.2. Lesson Planning ...................................................................................
5
1.8. Organization of the Paper..........................................................................
5
Chapter 2 – Theoretical Background ...........................................................
7
2.1 Lesson Planning ........................................................................................
7
2.1.1. Definition of Lesson Plan and Lesson Planning ....................................
8
2.1.2. Significance of Lesson Planning in Teaching ........................................
10
2.1.3. Principles of Lesson Planning ................................................................
12
2.1.4. Elements of Lesson Plan ........................................................................
14
2.1.4.1.
15
Indicators ........................................................................................
Miftah Farid, 2014
Teachers difficulties in lesson planning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.1.4.2.
Objectives .......................................................................................
15
2.1.4.3.
Learning Materials ..........................................................................
16
2.1.4.4.
Teaching Methods ..........................................................................
17
2.1.4.5.
Learning Activities .........................................................................
18
2.1.4.6.
Assessment .....................................................................................
20
2.1.5. Models/Approaches of Instructional Planning .......................................
21
2.1.6. Factors Considered in Lesson Planning .................................................
24
2.2. Problems of EFL Teaching in Indonesia .................................................
27
2.3. Related Studies on Lesson Planning ........................................................
28
Chapter 3 Research Methodology ................................................................
30
3.1. Research Design ........................................................................................
30
3.2. Site and Participants ..................................................................................
30
3.3. Data Collection Method ............................................................................
31
3.3.1. Documents .............................................................................................
31
3.3.2. Interview ................................................................................................
32
3.4. Data Analysis ............................................................................................
32
3.4.1. Document Analysis ................................................................................
34
3.4.2. Interview ................................................................................................
35
Chapter 4 Findings and Discussion ..............................................................
36
4.1. Lesson Planning Procedure .......................................................................
36
4.1.1. Data from Document Analysis ...............................................................
36
4.1.1.1. Indicators .............................................................................................
36
4.1.1.2. Objectives ............................................................................................
38
4.1.1.3. Learning Materials ..............................................................................
39
4.1.1.4. Instructional Media .............................................................................
40
4.1.1.5. Instructional Activities ........................................................................
40
4.1.1.6. Assessment ..........................................................................................
42
4.1.2. Data from Interview ...............................................................................
43
Miftah Farid, 2014
Teachers difficulties in lesson planning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.1.2.1. Indicators .............................................................................................
44
4.1.2.2. Objectives ............................................................................................
45
4.1.2.3. Learning Materials ..............................................................................
46
4.1.2.4. Instructional Media .............................................................................
46
4.1.2.5. Instructional Activities ........................................................................
48
4.1.2.6. Assessment ..........................................................................................
49
4.2. Teachers’ Difficulties in Designing Lesson Plans ....................................
49
4.2.1. Data from Document Analysis ...............................................................
50
4.2.1.1. Lesson Plan 1 ......................................................................................
50
4.2.1.2. Lesson Plan 2 ......................................................................................
50
4.2.2. Data from Interview ...............................................................................
51
4.2.2.1. Interview with the First Participant .....................................................
51
4.2.2.2. Interview with the Second Participant ................................................
53
Chapter 5 Conclusion ....................................................................................
55
5.1. Conclusion ................................................................................................
55
5.2. Recommendation.......................................................................................
57
Bibliography.....................................................................................................
58
Appendices
Appendix 1 Questions for Interview ................................................................
66
Appendix 2 Analysis on Lesson Plans .............................................................
68
Appendix 3 Lesson Plans .................................................................................
71
Appendix 4 Interview Transcript .....................................................................
82
Appendix 5 Interview Transcript (Coded) .......................................................
96
Appendix 6 English Syllabus ...........................................................................
118
Miftah Farid, 2014
Teachers difficulties in lesson planning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1. Stages in Designing Instructional Systems .....................................
7
Table 2.2. Events of Instruction and Their Relations to Process of Learning .
18
Table 3.1. Checklist for Lesson Plan Analysis based on Reiser and Dick’s
(1996) Systematic Planning .............................................................
Miftah Farid, 2014
Teachers difficulties in lesson planning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
34
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1. Kemp’s Instructional Design Model ..............................................
21
Figure 2.2. PPSI Model ....................................................................................
22
Figure 2.3. Reiser and Dick’s Systematic Planning .........................................
23
Figure 3.1. Component of Data Analysis: Interactive Model by Miles and
Huberman (1994:12) .....................................................................
Miftah Farid, 2014
Teachers difficulties in lesson planning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
33
Page of Approval..............................................................................................
i
Statement ..........................................................................................................
ii
Forewords .........................................................................................................
iii
Acknowledgements ..........................................................................................
iv
Abstract ............................................................................................................
v
Table of Content ...............................................................................................
vi
List of Tables....................................................................................................
ix
List of Figures ..................................................................................................
x
Chapter 1 – Introduction ...............................................................................
1
1.1. Background of the Study...........................................................................
1
1.2. Research Questions ...................................................................................
2
1.3. Purpose of the Study .................................................................................
3
1.4. Scope of the Study ....................................................................................
3
1.5. Significance of the Study ..........................................................................
3
1.6. Research Methodology..............................................................................
4
1.7. Clarification of Terms ...............................................................................
4
1.7.1. Lesson Plan ..........................................................................................
4
1.7.2. Lesson Planning ...................................................................................
5
1.8. Organization of the Paper..........................................................................
5
Chapter 2 – Theoretical Background ...........................................................
7
2.1 Lesson Planning ........................................................................................
7
2.1.1. Definition of Lesson Plan and Lesson Planning ....................................
8
2.1.2. Significance of Lesson Planning in Teaching ........................................
10
2.1.3. Principles of Lesson Planning ................................................................
12
2.1.4. Elements of Lesson Plan ........................................................................
14
2.1.4.1.
15
Indicators ........................................................................................
Miftah Farid, 2014
Teachers difficulties in lesson planning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.1.4.2.
Objectives .......................................................................................
15
2.1.4.3.
Learning Materials ..........................................................................
16
2.1.4.4.
Teaching Methods ..........................................................................
17
2.1.4.5.
Learning Activities .........................................................................
18
2.1.4.6.
Assessment .....................................................................................
20
2.1.5. Models/Approaches of Instructional Planning .......................................
21
2.1.6. Factors Considered in Lesson Planning .................................................
24
2.2. Problems of EFL Teaching in Indonesia .................................................
27
2.3. Related Studies on Lesson Planning ........................................................
28
Chapter 3 Research Methodology ................................................................
30
3.1. Research Design ........................................................................................
30
3.2. Site and Participants ..................................................................................
30
3.3. Data Collection Method ............................................................................
31
3.3.1. Documents .............................................................................................
31
3.3.2. Interview ................................................................................................
32
3.4. Data Analysis ............................................................................................
32
3.4.1. Document Analysis ................................................................................
34
3.4.2. Interview ................................................................................................
35
Chapter 4 Findings and Discussion ..............................................................
36
4.1. Lesson Planning Procedure .......................................................................
36
4.1.1. Data from Document Analysis ...............................................................
36
4.1.1.1. Indicators .............................................................................................
36
4.1.1.2. Objectives ............................................................................................
38
4.1.1.3. Learning Materials ..............................................................................
39
4.1.1.4. Instructional Media .............................................................................
40
4.1.1.5. Instructional Activities ........................................................................
40
4.1.1.6. Assessment ..........................................................................................
42
4.1.2. Data from Interview ...............................................................................
43
Miftah Farid, 2014
Teachers difficulties in lesson planning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.1.2.1. Indicators .............................................................................................
44
4.1.2.2. Objectives ............................................................................................
45
4.1.2.3. Learning Materials ..............................................................................
46
4.1.2.4. Instructional Media .............................................................................
46
4.1.2.5. Instructional Activities ........................................................................
48
4.1.2.6. Assessment ..........................................................................................
49
4.2. Teachers’ Difficulties in Designing Lesson Plans ....................................
49
4.2.1. Data from Document Analysis ...............................................................
50
4.2.1.1. Lesson Plan 1 ......................................................................................
50
4.2.1.2. Lesson Plan 2 ......................................................................................
50
4.2.2. Data from Interview ...............................................................................
51
4.2.2.1. Interview with the First Participant .....................................................
51
4.2.2.2. Interview with the Second Participant ................................................
53
Chapter 5 Conclusion ....................................................................................
55
5.1. Conclusion ................................................................................................
55
5.2. Recommendation.......................................................................................
57
Bibliography.....................................................................................................
58
Appendices
Appendix 1 Questions for Interview ................................................................
66
Appendix 2 Analysis on Lesson Plans .............................................................
68
Appendix 3 Lesson Plans .................................................................................
71
Appendix 4 Interview Transcript .....................................................................
82
Appendix 5 Interview Transcript (Coded) .......................................................
96
Appendix 6 English Syllabus ...........................................................................
118
Miftah Farid, 2014
Teachers difficulties in lesson planning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1. Stages in Designing Instructional Systems .....................................
7
Table 2.2. Events of Instruction and Their Relations to Process of Learning .
18
Table 3.1. Checklist for Lesson Plan Analysis based on Reiser and Dick’s
(1996) Systematic Planning .............................................................
Miftah Farid, 2014
Teachers difficulties in lesson planning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
34
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1. Kemp’s Instructional Design Model ..............................................
21
Figure 2.2. PPSI Model ....................................................................................
22
Figure 2.3. Reiser and Dick’s Systematic Planning .........................................
23
Figure 3.1. Component of Data Analysis: Interactive Model by Miles and
Huberman (1994:12) .....................................................................
Miftah Farid, 2014
Teachers difficulties in lesson planning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
33