The Efforts Of Jonas To Restore His Community Become A Real Life From Fantasy Life By Lawry, L. The Giver
2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Roberts and Jacobs (1995:49) say that novel is a fictional long prose
work. In English, novel is adopted from French and Italy to describe these works
and differentiate them from middle century and classical romance as a something
new. In their books, they also said that there are four fiction aspects, fictional
works consist of common elements, they are character, plot, structure and theme.
The novel is a fictitious prose narrative of considerable length in which
characters and action respresentative of real life are portrayed in a plot of more or
less complexity. Usually defined as a series of events described in a sequence.
The novel come from the italian “Novella” and “Novelle” by German. The
meaning is a new thing but now meant as a short story in prose. At this time,
novel has the same meaning in Italian and Germani. The Novella generally not as
formally experimental as the long story and the novel generally retains something
of unity of impresson that is a hallmark of the short story.
From the above statement, Novel is a fictional long prose work that
adopted from french and Italy to describe these works and differentiante them
from middle century and clasiccal romance as something new.
Roberts and Jacobs ( 1995- 88) say that plot is all the actions or incidents,
speeches, thoughts, and observations are linked together to make up an entirety,
sometimes called an organic unity. The essence of this unity is the development
and resolution of a conflict in hich protagonist, or central character. The plot is
interactions of causes and effects as they develop sequentially or chronologically.
Plot is stories are made up mostly of actions or incidents that follow each other
5
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sequentially. Finding a sequential or narrative order, however, is only the first step
toward the more inportant consideration. The plot is the controls governing the
development of the actions. In a well-plotted story, things precede or follow each
other not simply because time ticks away, but more importantly because effects
follow causes.
From the above statement, plot is the parts that the conflict raising is
climax in a story, but in this paper explained that the plot has mixed time. The
novel story in future time, then flashback and repeat again until finally the plot
finished in climax.
Roberts and Jacobs (1995 : 51) say that character is natural facsimile
from the human with all good and bad characteristics. A story is usually related to
big conflict of the character. It is probable to involve interaction with another
character in
complicated situation, or with idea or ordinary condition. The
character may win, lose, or relevant. He or she can learn and become better for
experience or maybe lose point and no change. Furthermore, according to Roberts
and Jacobs, character is the verbal realization from human, personality which
determines thoughts interview, action, and also comments.
The characters in fiction novel maybe defined as a verbal representation
of a human being. Through action, speech, description and commentary authors
portray character that are worth caring about, rooting for, and even loving,
although there are also characters you many laugh at, dislike, or even hate.
6
Universitas Sumatera Utara
The characters is revealed by how character respons to conflict, by his or
her dialogue and through descriptions. The character in a story are the characters
involve from the beginning until the ending part of the story ( plot ).
From the above statement, character is any representation of an
individual being presented in draatic or narrative work through extended dramatic
or verbal representation. Through action, speech, description, and commentary,
authors portray characters who are worth caring about, rooting for, and even
loving, although there are also characters you may laugh at, dislike, or even hate.
Rene and Austin (1982:131) say that setting is concerned with the places
where story take a place. Setting refers to geographical location of the story, time
period, daily lifestyle of the character and climate of the story. Back ground
elements can be devided into three main elements, namely a place, time, and
social. Backgrounds on the location of the place suggest the occurrence of the
events recounted in a work of fiction. The setting is important to give ealistic
impression to the readers, created a certain situation at a glanced is really
happened.
From the above statement, setting is a place in a story. It means to make
readers now where and how the place is. It is important because it will give
realistic impression to the reader.
7
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Roberts and Jacobs (1995:49) say that novel is a fictional long prose
work. In English, novel is adopted from French and Italy to describe these works
and differentiate them from middle century and classical romance as a something
new. In their books, they also said that there are four fiction aspects, fictional
works consist of common elements, they are character, plot, structure and theme.
The novel is a fictitious prose narrative of considerable length in which
characters and action respresentative of real life are portrayed in a plot of more or
less complexity. Usually defined as a series of events described in a sequence.
The novel come from the italian “Novella” and “Novelle” by German. The
meaning is a new thing but now meant as a short story in prose. At this time,
novel has the same meaning in Italian and Germani. The Novella generally not as
formally experimental as the long story and the novel generally retains something
of unity of impresson that is a hallmark of the short story.
From the above statement, Novel is a fictional long prose work that
adopted from french and Italy to describe these works and differentiante them
from middle century and clasiccal romance as something new.
Roberts and Jacobs ( 1995- 88) say that plot is all the actions or incidents,
speeches, thoughts, and observations are linked together to make up an entirety,
sometimes called an organic unity. The essence of this unity is the development
and resolution of a conflict in hich protagonist, or central character. The plot is
interactions of causes and effects as they develop sequentially or chronologically.
Plot is stories are made up mostly of actions or incidents that follow each other
5
Universitas Sumatera Utara
sequentially. Finding a sequential or narrative order, however, is only the first step
toward the more inportant consideration. The plot is the controls governing the
development of the actions. In a well-plotted story, things precede or follow each
other not simply because time ticks away, but more importantly because effects
follow causes.
From the above statement, plot is the parts that the conflict raising is
climax in a story, but in this paper explained that the plot has mixed time. The
novel story in future time, then flashback and repeat again until finally the plot
finished in climax.
Roberts and Jacobs (1995 : 51) say that character is natural facsimile
from the human with all good and bad characteristics. A story is usually related to
big conflict of the character. It is probable to involve interaction with another
character in
complicated situation, or with idea or ordinary condition. The
character may win, lose, or relevant. He or she can learn and become better for
experience or maybe lose point and no change. Furthermore, according to Roberts
and Jacobs, character is the verbal realization from human, personality which
determines thoughts interview, action, and also comments.
The characters in fiction novel maybe defined as a verbal representation
of a human being. Through action, speech, description and commentary authors
portray character that are worth caring about, rooting for, and even loving,
although there are also characters you many laugh at, dislike, or even hate.
6
Universitas Sumatera Utara
The characters is revealed by how character respons to conflict, by his or
her dialogue and through descriptions. The character in a story are the characters
involve from the beginning until the ending part of the story ( plot ).
From the above statement, character is any representation of an
individual being presented in draatic or narrative work through extended dramatic
or verbal representation. Through action, speech, description, and commentary,
authors portray characters who are worth caring about, rooting for, and even
loving, although there are also characters you may laugh at, dislike, or even hate.
Rene and Austin (1982:131) say that setting is concerned with the places
where story take a place. Setting refers to geographical location of the story, time
period, daily lifestyle of the character and climate of the story. Back ground
elements can be devided into three main elements, namely a place, time, and
social. Backgrounds on the location of the place suggest the occurrence of the
events recounted in a work of fiction. The setting is important to give ealistic
impression to the readers, created a certain situation at a glanced is really
happened.
From the above statement, setting is a place in a story. It means to make
readers now where and how the place is. It is important because it will give
realistic impression to the reader.
7
Universitas Sumatera Utara