PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF ANGER EXPRESSIONS Pragmatic Analysis Of Anger Expressions On “An Enemy Of The People” Manuscript By Henrik Ibsen.

PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF ANGER EXPRESSIONS
ON “AN ENEMY OF THE PEOPLE” MANUSCRIPT
BY HENRIK IBSEN

RESEARCH PAPER

Submitted a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department

by:

SHINTA DEWI WIKANDARI
A. 320 110 217

SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
JULY, 2015
i

APPROVAI,

PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF ANGER
EXPRESSION ON "AN ENEMY OF THE
PEOPLE" MANUSCRIPT BY HENDRIK
IBSEN
RESEARCH PAPER

by:

SIIINTA DEWI WIKANDARI
4320110217

.Approvcd to be Examined by:

Dra.

MrlikrtulLril,
NIK. 409

;

D.L Siti
NIK.

2-25

ACCEPTANCE

PRACMATTC ANALYSIS OF ANOER EXPRXSSTONS
gAN
ON
ENEMY OF TEf, PEOPLE" MANIISCRI}T

BYIIf,NDIIKIBSEN

Acepted md Appoved by lh€ Boad of
School ol Te&her Training

ExmiM

ed Education

Muhammdiyah Univenilv of Su.kana
on

July,20lt

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TESIjMONY
HeEwilh, I lestify lhal in lhis reseNh paper. lbeE is no plagitrisn oflhe

tu ehich ha been oised lo oblain bauhelor desEe of
ui\€6ny, nor fier ae opinions or mosreQiees which h,s bccn who or
rtblished or orls, except those in which lhc wnlins rc rcfcrcd in thc
pErious liteEry

@6cnpl

and

ftntioned in lneEy r€view ed biblioet.phy.

Flence, later,

6rimony,

hence I

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will be lully tsponsible,

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MOTTO

“Tiada kemudahan kecuali apa yang Allah jadikan mudah. Sedang yang susah
bisa Allah jadikan mudah, apabila Allah menghendaki”
(HR. Ibnu Hibban)

Lillahi Ta’aalaa
Jika Allah bisa merubah siang menjadi malam. Yakin dan percalayah…
Allah juga bisa merubah lelah menjadi berkah…
(The researcher)

Laa tahza, innallaha ma’ana
(The researcher)

v

DEDICATION

Affectionately and wholeheartedly this research paper is
dedicated to:

1. Allah SWT
2. My beloved parents,
3. My dearest my sister and brother,
4. My inspiring English lecturer,
5. My best friend,
6. My dearest friends in Class F

vi

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamin, praise and gratitude only to Allah SWT, the Glorious,
the Lord and the All Mighty, the Merciful and the Compassionate, who has given bless and
opportunity to the researcher to finish the research paper entitled Pragmatic Analysis of
Anger Expression on “An Enemy of the People” Manuscript by Hendrik Ibsen. Greetings
and invocation are presented to the Prophet Muhammad SAW, who has guided mankind to
the right path blessed by the Lord.

The researcher realizes that it is impossible to finish the research paper without
any help, support, encouragement, and advice from others. This is because of her
limitation. Therefore, the researcher would like to express her deepest appreciation and
gratitude to the persons who have given contribution to her to finish the research
paper, among others are:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M.Hum., Dean of School of Teacher Training
and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta who has given the
legalization towards her research paper,
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph.D., Head of English Department of Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta who has given the researcher permission to conduct the
research,
3. Dra. Malikatul Laila, M.Hum., the first consultant who has kindly given her
suggestions and corrections for the research paper she writes,
4. Dra. Siti Zuhriah Ariatmi, M.Hum., the second consultant who has guided her to
improve the research paper better,
5. Agus Wijayanto, Ph.D., the examiner who has kindly given critic, suggestion, and
corrections for the research paper.
6. The lecturers of English Department Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
who has helped and guided for all of their beneficial knowledge that has taught to
the writer,

7. The librarians of UMS in welcoming and providing her with references,
8. Her beloved greatest parents “Alm. Bapak Sumarno, Bsc and Ibuk Endang
Suryanti” in the world for their prayer, and all they have done to her, for
everything and she loves them so much, ever after,
vii

9. The writer’s sister and brother or “mbk Fika and mas Wahyu”. Thanks for
being her companions through year,
10. The group of TRIO WINDI “Her self, Nurul Fadhila and Dini Kurniasari”.
Thanks for being her best friend all this time, and
11. Her dearest friends in class F “Dini, Meita, Okta, Puspa, Mona, Wulan,
Robeeah, Atin, Cindy, Jafar, Kunkun, Rendy, Wisnu and others” for
everything that makes the writer proud to be their friend.

The researcher realizes that the research paper is far from being perfect.
Therefore, she would like to send gratitude to the readers who are willing to give
input in the form of suggestion or constructive criticism to make the research
paper to be much better. The researcher expects this research paper would be
beneficial to everyone.
Wassalamu’alaikum. Wr. Wb

Surakarta, July 2015
The researcher

Shinta Dewi Wikandari

viii

LIST OF ABREVIATION

AEP

: An Enemy of the People

OW

: Old Woman

M

: Man

YW

: Young Woman

P

: Politicians

S

: Scientists

ST

: Stress

I

: Intonation

DIRTY

: Dirty Word

IRONY

: Irony

DIRECT

: Direct Expression

x
ix

SUMMARY

Shinta Dewi Wikandari. A320110217. PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF
ANGER EXPRESSION ON “AN ENEMY OF THE PEOPLE
MANUSCRIPT” BY HENDRIK IBSEN. Research Paper. School of Teacher
Training and Education. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, 2015.
This research belongs to decsriptive qualitative research. The research
purposes are to describe the causes of anger expression that appear and to explain
the differences of anger expression in stress, intonation, dirty word, irony and
direct expression between a man and a woman, old woman and young woman,
and politicians and scientists on “An Enemy of the People” manuscript by
Hendrik Ibsen. The data of this research is the expression of anger in the forms of
words, sentences and information related to anger expression on “An Enemy of
the People” manuscript by Henrik Ibsen. The data sources of this research are “An
Enemy of the People” manuscript by Henrik Ibsen. The researcher used
observation and documentation as the method of collecting data.
The results of the research show that: First, There are eight causes of anger
expression that appear in “An Enemy of the People” manuscript. There are: (1) 1
datum or 1,04% belongs to being treated unfairly and feeling powerless to change
it condition; (2) 1 datum or 1,04% belongs to losing out when money is at stake;
(3) 1 datum or 1,04% belongs to being interrupted when pursuing a goal; (4) 5
data or 5,21% belongs to being verbally or physically assaulted; (5) 10 data or
10,42% belongs to facing a threat to the selves or the loved ones; (6) 16 data or
16,67% belongs to suffering a blow to the participant or the place within a social
group ; (7) 30 data or 31,25% belongs to someone going against a principle that
the people consider important; and (8) 32 data or 33,33% belongs to feeling
disappointed by someone else or in the selves.
Second, a man and a woman, old woman and young woman, and
politicians and scientists expresses the anger on “An Enemy of the People”
manuscript, used: (1) stress; (2) intonation; (3) dirty word; (4) irony; and (5)
direct expression.
a) A man expresses his anger using stress, high intonation, dirty word, irony
and direct expression more than a woman.
b) An old woman expresses her anger using stress, high intonation, dirty
word, irony and direct expression more than an old woman.
c) Politicians expresses his anger stress, high intonation, dirty word, irony
and direct expression more than politicians.

Keyword: Pragmatic, Causes of Anger Expression, Stress, Intonation, Dirty Word,
Irony, Direct Expression.

x

TABLE OF CONTENT

COVER ............................................................................................................ i
APPROVAL .................................................................................................... ii
ACCEPTANCE .............................................................................................. iii
TESTIMONY ……………………………………………………………….. vi
MOTTO …………………………………………………………….………... v
DEDICATION ……………………………………………………………… vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT............................................................................... vii
LIST OF ABREVIATION.............................................................................. ix
SUMMARY ………………………………………………………...……… x
TABLE OF CONTENT .................................................................................. xi
LIST OF THE TABLE ................................................................................... xiii
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 1
A. Background of the Study .................................................... 1
B. Limitation of the Study ....................................................... 4
C. Problem Statements ................................................ ........... 5
D. Objectives of the Study ...................................................... 5
E. Benefit of the Study ............................................................ 5
F. Research Paper Organization .............................................. 6
CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY ................................................... 7
A. Previous Study .................................................................... 7
B. Notion of Pragmatics .......................................................... 9
C. Principle of Pragmatic......................................................... 10
D. Speech Act ......................................................................... 11
E. Speech Act Classification................................................... 12
F. Expressive .......................................................................... 13
G. Expression of Anger........................................................... 15
H. Gender and Anger ............................................................. 17
I. Suprasegmental Phonology ................................................ 19
J. Dirty Word ......................................................................... 19
K. Irony ................................................................................. 19

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L. Direct Expression ............................................................. 20
M. Ascpects of Speech Situations ........................................ 20
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD ...................................................... 22
A. Type of Research .............................................................. 22
B. Object of the Research ...................................................... 22
C. Data and Data Source ........................................................ 22
D. Techniques of Collecting Data .......................................... 22
E. Techniques of Analyzing Data .......................................... 23
CHAPTER IV : RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION ................... 24
A. Research Finding .............................................................. 24
1.The Causes of Anger Expression that appear in “An Enemy
of the People” Manuscript ............................................. 24
2. The Differences of Anger Expression in Stress, Intonation,
Dirty Word, Irony, Direct Expression between a Man and
a Woman, Old Woman and Young Woman, and
Politicians and Scientists on “An Enemy of
the People” Manuscript ................................................ 47
B. Discussion ......................................................................... 96
1.The Causes of Anger Expression that appear in “An Enemy
of the People” Manuscript ............................................. 96
2. The Differences of Anger Expression in Stress, Intonation,
Dirty Word, Irony, Direct Expression between a Man and
a Woman, Old Woman and Young Woman, and
Politicians and Scientists on “An Enemy of
the People” Manuscript ............................................... 99
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION .............................. 106
A. Conclusion ...................................................................... 106
B. Suggestion ...................................................................... 107
BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................................................................................... 108
VIRTUAL REFERENCES ......................................................................... 110
APPENDIX ……………………………………......……….…………….. 111

xii

LIST OF THE TABLE

Table 4.1

Anger Expression Cause by Suffering a Blow to the
Self-Esteem ................................................................................ 36

Table 4.2

Anger Expression Cause by Someone Going Against
a Principle that the People Consider Important ....................... 40

Table 4.3

Anger Expression Cause by Feeling Disappointed
by Someone Else ........................................................................ 45

Table 4.4

A Man Expresses His Anger Using Stress……...............…...... 49

Table 4.5

A Woman Expresses Her Anger Using Stress .......................... 52

Table 4.6

Politicians Expresses His Anger Using Stress .......................... 56

Table 4.7

Scientists Expresses His Anger Using Stress ............................ 58

Table 4.8

A Man Expresses His Anger Using High Intonation ................ 61

Table 4.9

A Woman Expresses Her Anger Using High Intonation .......... 65

Table 4.10

Politicians Expresses His Anger Using High Intonation .......... 70

Table 4.11

Scientists Expresses His Anger Using High Intonation ............ 72

Table 4.12

A Man Expresses His Anger Using Dirty Word ....................... 75

Table 4.13

Scientists Expresses His Anger Using Dirty Word ................... 82

Table 4.14

A Man Expresses His Anger Using Direct Expression ............. 91

Table 4.15

The Causes of Anger Expression that Appear .......................... 98

Table 4.16

Stress and High Intonation Used to Express
the Anger between a Man and a Woman ................................. 101

Table 4.17

Dirty Word, Irony and Direct Expression Used to
Express the Anger between a Man and a Woman .................... 101

Table 4.18

Stress and High Intonation Used to Express
the Anger between Old Woman and Young Woman .............. 102

Table 4.19

Dirty Word, Irony and Direct Expression Used
to Express the Anger Old Woman and Young Woman .......... 103

Table 4.20

Stress and High Intonation Used to Express
the Anger between Politicinas and a Scientists ....................... 104

Table 4.21

Dirty Word, Irony and Direct Expression Used to
Express the Anger between Politicians and Scientists ............ 104

xiii