THE ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL COHESION OF SENTENCES THE ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL COHESION OF SENTENCES USED IN CAMPUS ENGLISH MAGAZINE VOL. 54/ XII/ 2013.
THE ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL COHESION OF SENTENCES
USED IN CAMPUS ENGLISH MAGAZINE
VOL. 54/ XII/ 2013
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
Proposed by:
RANDY LISTIYANTO
A320110151
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2015
i
ii
iii
iv
MOTTO:
Nani mo dikinai tte itte nani mo shinakattara, motto nani mo
dekinai.
(If you don’t do something because you think you can’t do it,
you’ll never be able to do anything in the future)
-Kira YamatoDo not look backward for very long keep moving forward
opening up new doors and doing new thing
-Walt DisneySukses tanpa usaha sama tidak mungkinnya seperti hidup
tanpa dilahirkan
-Anonymous-
v
DEDICATION
Wholeheartedly, the writer dedicates this research paper to:
His God, Allah SWT who gives a chance to finish this study.
His beloved mother and father, for their prayers, loves,
affections, and never ending supports.
His friends, for their great supports.
vi
Acknowledgement
Assalamu’alaikum Warrahmatullahi Wabarakaatuh.
In the name of Allah SWT, the most merciful and guidance, peace and
blessing upon his most beloved messenger, prophet Muhammad SAW who guided
human lfe from destruction into safety.
In this opportunity he would like to express his gratitude and appreciation to:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, as Dean of Teacher of Training and Education
Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D., as the chairman of English Education
Department in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
3. Siti Fatimah S. Pd, M. Hum., as the academic consultant who gave her
permission to do this research paper.
4. Dra. Malikatul Laila, M. Hum., as the first consultant who guided to finish
this research paper.
5. Drs. Sigit Haryanto, M. Hum., as the second consultant who guided to finish
this research paper.
6. Lectures of English Education Department, for their knowlege which had
given to the writer.
7. His beloved mother Lilis Sudaryanti and his beloved father, Giyanto, for their
prayers, supports, and all they have done to him.
8. His beloved 2013 Division Leader of EDSO, Fahmi, Dina, Sari, Ardika,
Sumardi, Yama, Panggih, Bekti, Yunita, Julian, Kun-Kun, Devy, Nisa, and
Okta, for their great supports to finish this research paper.
9. His beloved 2014 Division Leader of EDSO, Rhizal, Neti, Finsa, Wawan,
Irin, Intan, Rudi, Riski, Fasih, Hutomo, Dita, Nanik, Wahyu, Aulia, and Dian,
for their supports to finish this research paper.
10. His beloved 2014 Manager of SEGA, Yafi, Deshinta, Sari, and Rezki.
11. His beloved 2014 of English Education Department Librarian friend, Heru.
vii
12. English Education Department Librarians, Arif and Hanif, for giving space to
take a rest while revicing this research paper.
13. The students who are guided by Mrs Laila and Mr. Sigit, Raih, Nurfita, Djati,
Edi, and Arum,for their helps.
14. All of his friends of D class.
15. All members of IMPBU FKIP.
16. All friends in UMS that cannot be mentioned one by one, and
17. People who have contributed greatly to completion of this research paper, yet
the writer cannot menion them entirely.
Last but not the least, the writer realizes that this research paper is not perfect.
Then, the suggestion and supportive criticism are hoped to make this research paper
to be much better.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warrahmatullahi Wabarakaatuh.
Surakarta, Maret 2015
viii
SUMMARY
Randy Listiyanto. A 320 110 151. THE ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL
COHESION OF SENTENCES USED IN CAMPUS ENGLISH MAGAZINE
VOL. 54/ XII/ 2013. Research Paper. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2015.
This research is about grammatical cohesion analysis used in Campus English
Magazine vol. 53/ XII/ 2013. The objectives are 1) to describe the variations of types
of grammatical cohesion that can be found in Campus English Magazine vol. 53/
XII/ 2013 and 2) to reveal the frequency of occurance of the type of grammatical
cohesion that can be found in Campus English Magazine vol. 53/ XII/ 2013.
In this research, the writer uses a descriptive qualitative as the type of the research.
The data are texts including grammatical cohesion that can be found in Campus
English Magazine vol. 53/ XII/ 2013. He applies observation and documentation
methods to collect the data.
Based on the result of the analysis, the writer describes 960 grammatical cohesion in
Campus English Magazine vol. 53/ XII/ 2013. Based on the result of the analysis, the
dominant types of cohesion that occured is reference. The use of reference as the
dominant type of cohesion because the data sources of research are the articles that
basically bring the some information to the reader. So that there, will be an object
that informed within the article that uses pronoun and determiner to refer that object.
Besides, there are also identified substitution, ellipsis, and conjunction.
Keywords: grammatical cohesion, reference, substitution, ellispsis, conjunction.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE...................................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL........................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE....................................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY.......................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO................................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION.....................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT....................................................................................
vii
SUMMARY..........................................................................................................
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT........................................................................................
x
THE LIST OF TABLE..........................................................................................
xii
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study.......................................................
1
B. Limitation of the Study...........................................................
7
C. Problem Statement..................................................................
8
D. Objective of the Study...........................................................
8
E. Benefit of the Study...............................................................
9
F. Research Paper Organization.................................................
9
CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Previous Study.......................................................................
12
B. Notion of Discourse...............................................................
15
1. Definition of Discourse................................................
15
2. Context of Discourse....................................................
16
3. Discourse Analysis.......................................................
16
C. The Notion of Cohesion.........................................................
17
1. Definition of Cohesion.................................................
17
2. Types of Cohesion........................................................
18
D. Mathematics Formula of Calculating Percentage..................
22
E. Campus English Magazine vol. 54/ XII/ 2013......................
22
x
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD
A. Type of Research......................................................................................
23
B. Object of the Research..............................................................................
23
C. Data and Data Source...............................................................................
23
D. Method of Collecting Data.......................................................................
24
E. Technique of Analyzing Data...................................................................
24
CHAPTER IV : ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
A. Analysis....................................................................................................
26
B. Discussion.................................................................................................
231
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion.................................................................................................
233
B. Suggesion...................................................................................................
234
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xi
THE LIST OF TABLE
Table 1. The List of Personal Reference
Table 2. The List of Demonstrative Reference
Table 3. The List of Comparative Reference
Table 4. The List of Nominal Substitution
Table 5. The List of Verbal Substitution
Table 6. The List of Nominal Ellipsis
Table 7. The List of Verbal Ellipsis
Table 8. The List of Clausal Ellipsis
Table 9. The List of Additive Conjunction
Table 10. The List of Adversative Conjunction
Table 11. The List of Causal Conjunction
Table 12. The List of Temporal Conjunction
xii
USED IN CAMPUS ENGLISH MAGAZINE
VOL. 54/ XII/ 2013
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
Proposed by:
RANDY LISTIYANTO
A320110151
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2015
i
ii
iii
iv
MOTTO:
Nani mo dikinai tte itte nani mo shinakattara, motto nani mo
dekinai.
(If you don’t do something because you think you can’t do it,
you’ll never be able to do anything in the future)
-Kira YamatoDo not look backward for very long keep moving forward
opening up new doors and doing new thing
-Walt DisneySukses tanpa usaha sama tidak mungkinnya seperti hidup
tanpa dilahirkan
-Anonymous-
v
DEDICATION
Wholeheartedly, the writer dedicates this research paper to:
His God, Allah SWT who gives a chance to finish this study.
His beloved mother and father, for their prayers, loves,
affections, and never ending supports.
His friends, for their great supports.
vi
Acknowledgement
Assalamu’alaikum Warrahmatullahi Wabarakaatuh.
In the name of Allah SWT, the most merciful and guidance, peace and
blessing upon his most beloved messenger, prophet Muhammad SAW who guided
human lfe from destruction into safety.
In this opportunity he would like to express his gratitude and appreciation to:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, as Dean of Teacher of Training and Education
Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D., as the chairman of English Education
Department in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
3. Siti Fatimah S. Pd, M. Hum., as the academic consultant who gave her
permission to do this research paper.
4. Dra. Malikatul Laila, M. Hum., as the first consultant who guided to finish
this research paper.
5. Drs. Sigit Haryanto, M. Hum., as the second consultant who guided to finish
this research paper.
6. Lectures of English Education Department, for their knowlege which had
given to the writer.
7. His beloved mother Lilis Sudaryanti and his beloved father, Giyanto, for their
prayers, supports, and all they have done to him.
8. His beloved 2013 Division Leader of EDSO, Fahmi, Dina, Sari, Ardika,
Sumardi, Yama, Panggih, Bekti, Yunita, Julian, Kun-Kun, Devy, Nisa, and
Okta, for their great supports to finish this research paper.
9. His beloved 2014 Division Leader of EDSO, Rhizal, Neti, Finsa, Wawan,
Irin, Intan, Rudi, Riski, Fasih, Hutomo, Dita, Nanik, Wahyu, Aulia, and Dian,
for their supports to finish this research paper.
10. His beloved 2014 Manager of SEGA, Yafi, Deshinta, Sari, and Rezki.
11. His beloved 2014 of English Education Department Librarian friend, Heru.
vii
12. English Education Department Librarians, Arif and Hanif, for giving space to
take a rest while revicing this research paper.
13. The students who are guided by Mrs Laila and Mr. Sigit, Raih, Nurfita, Djati,
Edi, and Arum,for their helps.
14. All of his friends of D class.
15. All members of IMPBU FKIP.
16. All friends in UMS that cannot be mentioned one by one, and
17. People who have contributed greatly to completion of this research paper, yet
the writer cannot menion them entirely.
Last but not the least, the writer realizes that this research paper is not perfect.
Then, the suggestion and supportive criticism are hoped to make this research paper
to be much better.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warrahmatullahi Wabarakaatuh.
Surakarta, Maret 2015
viii
SUMMARY
Randy Listiyanto. A 320 110 151. THE ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL
COHESION OF SENTENCES USED IN CAMPUS ENGLISH MAGAZINE
VOL. 54/ XII/ 2013. Research Paper. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2015.
This research is about grammatical cohesion analysis used in Campus English
Magazine vol. 53/ XII/ 2013. The objectives are 1) to describe the variations of types
of grammatical cohesion that can be found in Campus English Magazine vol. 53/
XII/ 2013 and 2) to reveal the frequency of occurance of the type of grammatical
cohesion that can be found in Campus English Magazine vol. 53/ XII/ 2013.
In this research, the writer uses a descriptive qualitative as the type of the research.
The data are texts including grammatical cohesion that can be found in Campus
English Magazine vol. 53/ XII/ 2013. He applies observation and documentation
methods to collect the data.
Based on the result of the analysis, the writer describes 960 grammatical cohesion in
Campus English Magazine vol. 53/ XII/ 2013. Based on the result of the analysis, the
dominant types of cohesion that occured is reference. The use of reference as the
dominant type of cohesion because the data sources of research are the articles that
basically bring the some information to the reader. So that there, will be an object
that informed within the article that uses pronoun and determiner to refer that object.
Besides, there are also identified substitution, ellipsis, and conjunction.
Keywords: grammatical cohesion, reference, substitution, ellispsis, conjunction.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE...................................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL........................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE....................................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY.......................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO................................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION.....................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT....................................................................................
vii
SUMMARY..........................................................................................................
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT........................................................................................
x
THE LIST OF TABLE..........................................................................................
xii
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study.......................................................
1
B. Limitation of the Study...........................................................
7
C. Problem Statement..................................................................
8
D. Objective of the Study...........................................................
8
E. Benefit of the Study...............................................................
9
F. Research Paper Organization.................................................
9
CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Previous Study.......................................................................
12
B. Notion of Discourse...............................................................
15
1. Definition of Discourse................................................
15
2. Context of Discourse....................................................
16
3. Discourse Analysis.......................................................
16
C. The Notion of Cohesion.........................................................
17
1. Definition of Cohesion.................................................
17
2. Types of Cohesion........................................................
18
D. Mathematics Formula of Calculating Percentage..................
22
E. Campus English Magazine vol. 54/ XII/ 2013......................
22
x
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD
A. Type of Research......................................................................................
23
B. Object of the Research..............................................................................
23
C. Data and Data Source...............................................................................
23
D. Method of Collecting Data.......................................................................
24
E. Technique of Analyzing Data...................................................................
24
CHAPTER IV : ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
A. Analysis....................................................................................................
26
B. Discussion.................................................................................................
231
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion.................................................................................................
233
B. Suggesion...................................................................................................
234
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xi
THE LIST OF TABLE
Table 1. The List of Personal Reference
Table 2. The List of Demonstrative Reference
Table 3. The List of Comparative Reference
Table 4. The List of Nominal Substitution
Table 5. The List of Verbal Substitution
Table 6. The List of Nominal Ellipsis
Table 7. The List of Verbal Ellipsis
Table 8. The List of Clausal Ellipsis
Table 9. The List of Additive Conjunction
Table 10. The List of Adversative Conjunction
Table 11. The List of Causal Conjunction
Table 12. The List of Temporal Conjunction
xii