FRODO’S RING OF FRIENDSHIP IN PETER JACKSON’S THE LORD OF FRODO’S RING OF FRIENDSHIP IN PETER JACKSON’S THE LORD OF THE RING MOVIE (2001): AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH.
FRODO’S RING OF FRIENDSHIP IN PETER JACKSON’S THE LORD OF
THE RING MOVIE (2001):
AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for
Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by
OKTA PRAMITA SUKMA
A 320 070 154
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2011
i
APPROVAL
FRODO’S RING OF FRIENDSHIP IN PETER JACKSON’S THE LORD OF
THE RING MOVIE (2001):
AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
by
OKTA PRAMITA SUKMA
A 320 070 154
Approved to be Examined by the Consultant Team
Consultant I
Consultant II
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed.
Titis Setyabudi, S.S.M.Hum.
ii
ACCEPTANCE
FRODO’S RING OF FRIENDSHIP IN PETER JACKSON’S THE LORD OF
THE RING MOVIE (2001):
AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
by
OKTA PRAMITA SUKMA
A 320 070 154
Accepted and Approved by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Team of Examiners:
1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed.
(Chair Person)
(
)
2. Titis Setyabudi, S.S.M.Hum.
(Member I)
(
)
3. Drs. H. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum.
(Member II)
(
)
Dean of School of Teacher Training
and Education
Drs. M. Sofyan Anif, M.Si.
NIK. 547
iii
TESTIMONY
With this, I state that there is no plagiarism of the previous works which have
been made to get bachelor degree of university and as long as the writer knows that
there is also no work or opinion that ever been composed or published by other
people, except referred written in this research paper mentioned in bibliography.
Hence, if it is proved that there is mistake in the writer’s statements I will be
wholly responsible.
Surakarta,
Juni 2011
The writer
Okta Pramita Sukma
A 320 070 154
iv
MOTTO
“Wit hout passion you will not have energy,
wit hout energy you haven’t not hing”
(Donald Tr ump)
“Good j udgment s der ived f rom experience,
and exper ience of t en derived f rom bad j udgment s”
(Rit a Mae Brown)
Never give up bef ore you t ry,
and t he spirit is t he key of success.
(The Wr it er)
Ever yt hing will be t aking easy
if we can do our j ob wit h hear t and pat ience.
(The Wr it er)
v
DEDICATION
This r esear ch paper is dedicat ed t o:
Allah SWT,
Thanks f or t he best ever yt hing t hat You have given f or me and t hanks
f or Your love t hat always make me t o never give up t o do t he best .
I believe t hat You will always give me t he best f or ever yt hing.
My beloved Mom and Dad,
Thanks f or your pr ayer , love and suppor t .
You always give me happiness but of t en I made you disappoint ed.
I am sor r y and I pr omise t o give you t he best in t he f ut ur e.
My Younger Br ot her (Angga Daru Sukma),
Thanks f or your laugh.
I t is make me st r ong t o get somet hing mor e and mor e.
My Lovely (Soni N ugroho),
Thanks f or your love, suppor t , spir it , at t ent ion and car e.
You make me r ain t ast e chocolat e.
My all f amily,
Thanks f or your pr ayer , love, suppor t and ever yt hing.
All my f r iends,
Thanks f or your suppor t and love me.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamualaikum Wr.Wb
First, the writer would like to praise to Allah SWT, the Lord of universe, for
blessing and guiding the writer to accomplish the research paper as a partial
department, School of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University
of Surakarta. The writer also realizes that this amazing moment cannot come true
without the help and support of other people. In this opportunity, she would like to
express her great gratitude to:
1.
Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M.Si. as the dean of school of Teacher Training and
Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2.
Titis Setyabudi,
S.S.M.Hum.
as the Head of English Department,
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
3.
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed. as the first consultant who has guided
and advised me smartly from the beginning to the end of this research paper.
4.
Titis Setyabudi, S.S.M.Hum as the second consultant who has corrected and
given advice in the process of making this research paper.
vii
5.
All the lecturers of English Department of Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta who has given knowledge during the study. Thanks for the knowledge
you shared to her.
6. Her Mom (Ranu Murdiastuti) and Dad (Sugeng H.R) who always pray and
support the writer, for care, money, love and everything. Hopefully,the writer can
make happy and will do the best for them.
7. Her younger brother (Angga Daru Sukma), for everything. And also all her
family, ( Om mar, Tante Win, Om teguh, Tante Nur, Om Agus, Raya, Safa,
Gelsey, Eyang kakung and Eyang putri ) for pray, love and support.
8. Her beloved “Soni Nugroho”, for support, wishes, love, prayer, helpful, care,
attention, and suggestion.
9. Her best and close friends (Resmi, Ririn, Dyah, Lina, Neti, Nur, Mina, Feli),
for everything, support and love.
10. Her friends in Mawar Sari boarding house (Mbak Shinta, Mbak Siti, Mbak
Lina, Tante ning, Mbak Endang, Mbak Tari, Mbak Iis, Ririn), for the
unforgettable fellowship.
11. All her beloved friends in English Department especially writer’s classmate ’07
class D, for nice friendship.
12. Those who can not to be mentioned one by one for every helping in
accomplishing this research paper. Thanks a lot for all.
The writer realizes that this research paper is far from being perfect, so the
writer welcomes any constructive comment, criticism, and suggestion from anyone.
viii
Finally, she hopes that this research paper would help the other researchers who are
interested in studying translation and enrich the reader’s knowledge.
Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb.
Surakarta,
Juni 2011
The writer
Okta Pramita Sukma
ix
SUMMARY
OKTA PRAMITA SUKMA. A 320 070 154. FRODO’S RING OF FRIENDSHIP
IN PETER JACKSON’S THE LORD OF THE RING MOVIE (2001): AN
INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH. MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2011.
This research paper elaborates Frodo’s Ring of Friendship in Peter Jackson’s
The Lord of the Ring Movie (2001) that is analyzed through individual psychological
approach. The objectives of the research are to analyze the structural elements of the
movie and to analyze the movie based on individual psychological approach.
This research belongs to a descriptive qualitative research. The data of the
research is the movie entitled The Lord of the Ring: The fellowship of the Ring
whereas the data source comes from both primary data source which is in the form of
the script of the movie being researched and secondary data source related to the
research as some books of individual psychological theories, internet and other
relevant information.
The study comes to the following conclusion. First, based on the structural
analysis, it is evident that in this movie Peter Jackson wants to convey a moral
message that friendship is one of the way to get success for a job and struggle for
better life is one effort to get a change for happiness in the life. Second, based on the
individual psychological analysis, it is evident that in this movie Frodo is as the major
character. He hopes that he can finish his job on the quest to destroy the one ring on
Mordor to save the earth from the darkness and wants to get happiness in the future of
life without the burden as the bearer of the ring again.
Keywords: Friendship, Power, Struggle, individual psychological.
Consultant I
Consultant II
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed.
Titis Setyabudi, S.S.M.Hum.
Dean of School of Teacher Training
and Education
Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M. Si.
NIK. 547
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE……………………………………………………………………...………… i
APPROVAL……………………………………………………………………...… ii
ACCEPTANCE…………………………………………………………………..... iii
TESTIMONY…………………………………………………………………...….. iv
MOTTO…………………………………………………………………………....... v
DEDICATION…………………………………………………………………...… vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT....…………………………………..………………...…. vii
SUMMARY…………………………………………………….……...……………. x
TABLE OF CONTENT…………..…………………………………….................. xi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study.……………………….……………….. 1
B. Literature Review……………….……………………………….. 7
C. Problem Statement…….……..………………….…………….… 8
D. Limitation of the Study……………….…………..…….……….. 9
E. Objectives of the Study………………………….….…….…...… 9
F. Benefits of the Study…………………………………………….. 9
G. Research Method……………………………………………..… 10
H. Research Paper Organization…………...………………..…...... 12
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Notion of Individual Psychology……………..………..…….… 13
B. Basic Assumption of Individual Psychological……..…...….... 16
xi
1. Inferiority Feeling and Compensation……….…………....... 16
2. Striving of Superiority …………………….………..……… 17
3. Fictional Finalism ……………..…...……..…………..….… 18
4. Style of Life ………………...…….......…….…………...…. 19
5. Social Interest …………………...…..…………………..…. 21
6. Creative Self ………….…………...………...…………..…. 21
C. Structural Elements of the Movie……………...…………..…... 22
1. Narrative Elements ……………………...………….…..….. 22
a. Character and Characterization …………..……..…...… 22
b. Setting ……………………………..………………...… 23
c. Point of View ………………..…………………….….. 24
d. Theme ……………………………………………......… 25
e. Plot…………………………………………….....…….. 25
2. Technical Elements .……….………………….....…………. 26
a. Casting……………………………………………..…… 26
b. Mise-en-scene…………….…………………………….. 27
1) Set Dressing and Prop................................................. 27
2) Costume and Make-Up............................................... 28
3) Lighting.……….……………...….............................. 29
c. Cinematography ……………………………………….. 29
1) Photographical Qualities of Shot……….…………... 30
2) Framing of Shot………………………….………..... 31
xii
3) Duration of Shot………………………………….… 32
d. Sound ………….………………….……………………. 32
e. Editing ………………………….…………………...…. 33
D. Theoretical Application……………….……………………...… 35
CHAPTER III: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
A. Structural Elements of the Movie………………………...……. 37
1. Narrative Elements ………..……………………………..… 37
a. Character and Characterization …………..…………..... 37
b. Setting ………………………….………………..….…. 56
c. Point of View…………………………………………... 59
d. Theme……………..……………………………………. 61
e. Plot………………………………….…………….….… 62
1) Beginning…………...………………………………. 62
2) Middle………………...………………………….…. 62
3) Ending……………...…………………………….…. 63
2. Technical Elements .…………………...………...…............. 63
a.
Casting……..………………………………………..... 63
b.
Mise-en-scene……………………………………….... 64
1) Set Dressing and Prop............................................... 64
2) Costume and Make-Up…………...……………….. 68
3) Lighting..................................................................... 70
c.
Cinematography …………………………………….... 71
xiii
1) Photographical Qualities of Shot………...………. 71
2) Framing of Shot………..……………………....… 72
3) Duration of Shot…………..…………...………… 75
d.
Sound ……...…………………….………………...…. 75
e.
Editing ………………………….……………….......... 76
B. Discussion…………………..…………………………….……. 78
CHAPTER IV: PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
A. Individual Psychology…………………….………………….… 82
1. Inferiority Feeling and Compensation………..……….….… 82
2. Striving of Superiority…………….…………...…………… 85
3. Fictional Finalism………….………………….……….…… 88
4. Style of Life……….……………………………...……….... 89
5. Social Interest………………………………...…...……...… 93
6. Creative Self………………………………………..……..... 95
B. Discussion…………………………………………..………...... 97
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion…………………..………………………………... 100
B. Suggestion………...……………………………………........... 101
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCES
APPENDIX
xiv
TABLE OF PICTURES
Picture 1. Frodo ............................................................................................ 38
Picture 2. Gundalf the Grey........................................................................... 39
Picture 3. Samwise (Sam) ............................................................................. 41
Picture 4. Aragon .......................................................................................... 42
Picture 5. Bromir .......................................................................................... 43
Picture 6. Legolas ......................................................................................... 44
Picture 7. Pippin ........................................................................................... 45
Picture 8. Merry ............................................................................................ 47
Picture 9. Gimli............................................................................................. 48
Picture 10 Sauron.......................................................................................... 49
Picture 11. Biblo Baggins ............................................................................. 50
Picture 12. Saruman the White ...................................................................... 50
Picture 13. Elrond ......................................................................................... 51
Picture 14. Lord Celebron ............................................................................. 52
Picture 15. Arwen ......................................................................................... 53
Picture 16. Galadriel ..................................................................................... 53
Picture 17. Smeagol ...................................................................................... 54
Picture 18. The Gatekeeper of Bree ............................................................... 55
Picture 19. Shire ........................................................................................... 56
Picture 20. Hobbit’s home ............................................................................. 56
Picture 21. Matamata North Island, New Zealand ......................................... 56
xv
Picture 22. Garden of Isengard ...................................................................... 57
Picture 23. Harcourt Oark, New Zealand ....................................................... 57
Picture 24. Revendell .................................................................................... 57
Picture 25. Kaitoke regional Park, Upper Hut, New Zealand ......................... 57
Picture 26. Weather Hill (Amon Sul) ............................................................ 57
Picture 27. Mounth Owen, New Zealand ....................................................... 57
Picture 28. Lothlorien ................................................................................... 58
Picture 29. Frenside Lodge, New Zealand ..................................................... 58
Picture 30. Gondor ........................................................................................ 58
Picture 31 . Ford of Bruinen .......................................................................... 58
Picture 32. Arrow River (Queenstown) ......................................................... 58
Picture 33. Fangorn Forest ............................................................................ 59
Picture 34. Wilderland, New Zealand ............................................................ 59
Picture 35. Mounth Doom (mordor) .............................................................. 59
Picture 36. Whitianga, New Zealand ............................................................. 59
Picture 37. Shot of the Characters ................................................................. 60
Picture 38. The one ring ............................................................................... 64
Picture 39. Book .......................................................................................... 65
Picture 40. Axe ............................................................................................ 65
Picture 41. Stick (Gandalf and Saruman’ Properties)……. ............................ 65
Picture 42. The Horn ..................................................................................... 65
Picture 43. Hooded robe with mesh face (the Ringwraith’s properties) .......... 66
Picture 44. Quiver with arrows and bow ........................................................ 66
xvi
Picture 45. Two majestic statue .................................................................... 66
Picture 46. Sword ......................................................................................... 66
Picture 47. Fire ............................................................................................ 67
Picture 48. A boat ........................................................................................ 67
Picture 49. A silver pitcher ........................................................................... 67
Picture 50. The light of Earendil ................................................................... 67
Picture 51. Costume and make-up of Gandalf and Saruman ........................ 68
Picture 52. Costume and make-up of Hobbits ................................................ 68
Picture 53. Costume and make-up of Orcs ..................................................... 68
Picture 54. Costume and make-up of the Nazgul ........................................... 68
Picture 55. Costume and make-up of Legolas ................................................ 69
Picture 56. Costume and make-up of Elron ................................................... 69
Picture 57. Costume and make-up of Gimli ................................................... 69
Picture 58. Costume and make-up of Aragon ................................................ 69
Picture 59.Costume and make-up Buromir ................................................... 69
Picture 60. Costume and make-up of Arwen ................................................. 69
Picture 61. Costume and make-up of Sauron ................................................. 69
Picture 62.Costume and make-up of the Lord Celeborn and Galadriel .......... 69
Picture 63. Hard Lighting ............................................................................. 70
Picture 64. Soft Lighting .............................................................................. 71
Picture 65. Qualities of Shot in Framing ........................................................ 72
Picture 66. Qualities of Shot in Lighting ....................................................... 72
Picture 67. Straight- on- Angel ...................................................................... 72
xvii
Picture 68. High- Angle ................................................................................ 73
Picture 69. Low-Angel ................................................................................. 73
Picture 70. Extreme Long Shot ..................................................................... 73
Picture 71. Long Shot ................................................................................... 74
Picture 72. Medium Long Shot ..................................................................... 74
Picture 73. Medium Shot .............................................................................. 74
Picture 74. Medium Close-up Shot ............................................................... 75
Picture 75. The Extreme Close-up Shot ........................................................ 75
Picture 76. Axis of Action ............................................................................ 76
Picture 77. Establishing Shot ........................................................................ 77
Picture 78. Eye line match ............................................................................ 77
Picture 79. Eye line match ............................................................................ 77
Picture 80. Match on Action ......................................................................... 77
Picture 81. Match on Action ......................................................................... 77
Picture 82. Cheat cut ..................................................................................... 78
Picture 83. Cross Cutting (1) ........................................................................ 78
Picture 84. Cross Cutting (2) ........................................................................ 78
Picture 85. Cross Cutting (3) ........................................................................ 78
Picture 86. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling ......................................................... 83
Picture 87. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling ......................................................... 83
Picture 88. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling ......................................................... 83
Picture 89. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling .......................................................... 83
Picture 90. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling ......................................................... 84
xviii
Picture 90. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling .......................................................... 84
Picture 91. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling .......................................................... 84
Picture 92. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling .......................................................... 84
Picture 93. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling .......................................................... 84
Picture 94. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling ......................................................... 85
Picture 95. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling .......................................................... 85
Picture 96. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling .......................................................... 85
Picture 97. Frodo’s Striving of Superiority .................................................. 86
Picture 98. Frodo’s Striving of Superiority .................................................. 86
Picture 99. Frodo’s Striving of Superiority .................................................. 87
Picture 100. Frodo’s Striving of Superiority ................................................. 87
Picture 101. Frodo’s Striving of Superiority ................................................ 87
Picture 102. Frodo’s Striving of Superiority ................................................ 87
Picture 103. Frodo’s Fictional Finalism ........................................................ 89
Picture 104. Frodo’s Fictional Finalism ........................................................ 89
Picture 105. Frodo’s Fictional Finalism ........................................................ 89
Picture 106. Frodo’s Fictional Finalism ........................................................ 89
Picture 107. Frodo’s cheerful life style ......................................................... 90
Picture 108. Frodo’s cheerful life style ......................................................... 90
Picture 109. Frodo’s wise life style ............................................................... 91
Picture 110. Frodo’s wise life style .............................................................. 91
Picture 110. Frodo’s wise life style .............................................................. 91
Picture 111. Frodo’s prepare goes to Bree .................................................... 93
xix
Picture 112. Social Interest of Frodo with Gandalf ....................................... 93
Picture 113. Social Interest of Frodo with Sam ............................................. 94
Picture 114. Social Interest of Frodo with Sam ............................................. 94
Picture 115. Social Interest of Frodo with his friends ................................... 95
Picture 116. Social Interest of Frodo with his friends ................................... 95
Picture 117. Social Interest of Frodo with Sam ............................................. 95
Picture 118. Social Interest of Frodo with Sam ............................................. 95
Picture 119. The Creative Self of Frodo ....................................................... 97
Picture 120. The Creative Self of Frodo ....................................................... 97
Picture 121. The Creative Self of Frodo ....................................................... 97
xx
THE RING MOVIE (2001):
AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for
Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by
OKTA PRAMITA SUKMA
A 320 070 154
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2011
i
APPROVAL
FRODO’S RING OF FRIENDSHIP IN PETER JACKSON’S THE LORD OF
THE RING MOVIE (2001):
AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
by
OKTA PRAMITA SUKMA
A 320 070 154
Approved to be Examined by the Consultant Team
Consultant I
Consultant II
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed.
Titis Setyabudi, S.S.M.Hum.
ii
ACCEPTANCE
FRODO’S RING OF FRIENDSHIP IN PETER JACKSON’S THE LORD OF
THE RING MOVIE (2001):
AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
by
OKTA PRAMITA SUKMA
A 320 070 154
Accepted and Approved by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Team of Examiners:
1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed.
(Chair Person)
(
)
2. Titis Setyabudi, S.S.M.Hum.
(Member I)
(
)
3. Drs. H. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum.
(Member II)
(
)
Dean of School of Teacher Training
and Education
Drs. M. Sofyan Anif, M.Si.
NIK. 547
iii
TESTIMONY
With this, I state that there is no plagiarism of the previous works which have
been made to get bachelor degree of university and as long as the writer knows that
there is also no work or opinion that ever been composed or published by other
people, except referred written in this research paper mentioned in bibliography.
Hence, if it is proved that there is mistake in the writer’s statements I will be
wholly responsible.
Surakarta,
Juni 2011
The writer
Okta Pramita Sukma
A 320 070 154
iv
MOTTO
“Wit hout passion you will not have energy,
wit hout energy you haven’t not hing”
(Donald Tr ump)
“Good j udgment s der ived f rom experience,
and exper ience of t en derived f rom bad j udgment s”
(Rit a Mae Brown)
Never give up bef ore you t ry,
and t he spirit is t he key of success.
(The Wr it er)
Ever yt hing will be t aking easy
if we can do our j ob wit h hear t and pat ience.
(The Wr it er)
v
DEDICATION
This r esear ch paper is dedicat ed t o:
Allah SWT,
Thanks f or t he best ever yt hing t hat You have given f or me and t hanks
f or Your love t hat always make me t o never give up t o do t he best .
I believe t hat You will always give me t he best f or ever yt hing.
My beloved Mom and Dad,
Thanks f or your pr ayer , love and suppor t .
You always give me happiness but of t en I made you disappoint ed.
I am sor r y and I pr omise t o give you t he best in t he f ut ur e.
My Younger Br ot her (Angga Daru Sukma),
Thanks f or your laugh.
I t is make me st r ong t o get somet hing mor e and mor e.
My Lovely (Soni N ugroho),
Thanks f or your love, suppor t , spir it , at t ent ion and car e.
You make me r ain t ast e chocolat e.
My all f amily,
Thanks f or your pr ayer , love, suppor t and ever yt hing.
All my f r iends,
Thanks f or your suppor t and love me.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamualaikum Wr.Wb
First, the writer would like to praise to Allah SWT, the Lord of universe, for
blessing and guiding the writer to accomplish the research paper as a partial
department, School of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University
of Surakarta. The writer also realizes that this amazing moment cannot come true
without the help and support of other people. In this opportunity, she would like to
express her great gratitude to:
1.
Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M.Si. as the dean of school of Teacher Training and
Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2.
Titis Setyabudi,
S.S.M.Hum.
as the Head of English Department,
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
3.
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed. as the first consultant who has guided
and advised me smartly from the beginning to the end of this research paper.
4.
Titis Setyabudi, S.S.M.Hum as the second consultant who has corrected and
given advice in the process of making this research paper.
vii
5.
All the lecturers of English Department of Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta who has given knowledge during the study. Thanks for the knowledge
you shared to her.
6. Her Mom (Ranu Murdiastuti) and Dad (Sugeng H.R) who always pray and
support the writer, for care, money, love and everything. Hopefully,the writer can
make happy and will do the best for them.
7. Her younger brother (Angga Daru Sukma), for everything. And also all her
family, ( Om mar, Tante Win, Om teguh, Tante Nur, Om Agus, Raya, Safa,
Gelsey, Eyang kakung and Eyang putri ) for pray, love and support.
8. Her beloved “Soni Nugroho”, for support, wishes, love, prayer, helpful, care,
attention, and suggestion.
9. Her best and close friends (Resmi, Ririn, Dyah, Lina, Neti, Nur, Mina, Feli),
for everything, support and love.
10. Her friends in Mawar Sari boarding house (Mbak Shinta, Mbak Siti, Mbak
Lina, Tante ning, Mbak Endang, Mbak Tari, Mbak Iis, Ririn), for the
unforgettable fellowship.
11. All her beloved friends in English Department especially writer’s classmate ’07
class D, for nice friendship.
12. Those who can not to be mentioned one by one for every helping in
accomplishing this research paper. Thanks a lot for all.
The writer realizes that this research paper is far from being perfect, so the
writer welcomes any constructive comment, criticism, and suggestion from anyone.
viii
Finally, she hopes that this research paper would help the other researchers who are
interested in studying translation and enrich the reader’s knowledge.
Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb.
Surakarta,
Juni 2011
The writer
Okta Pramita Sukma
ix
SUMMARY
OKTA PRAMITA SUKMA. A 320 070 154. FRODO’S RING OF FRIENDSHIP
IN PETER JACKSON’S THE LORD OF THE RING MOVIE (2001): AN
INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH. MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2011.
This research paper elaborates Frodo’s Ring of Friendship in Peter Jackson’s
The Lord of the Ring Movie (2001) that is analyzed through individual psychological
approach. The objectives of the research are to analyze the structural elements of the
movie and to analyze the movie based on individual psychological approach.
This research belongs to a descriptive qualitative research. The data of the
research is the movie entitled The Lord of the Ring: The fellowship of the Ring
whereas the data source comes from both primary data source which is in the form of
the script of the movie being researched and secondary data source related to the
research as some books of individual psychological theories, internet and other
relevant information.
The study comes to the following conclusion. First, based on the structural
analysis, it is evident that in this movie Peter Jackson wants to convey a moral
message that friendship is one of the way to get success for a job and struggle for
better life is one effort to get a change for happiness in the life. Second, based on the
individual psychological analysis, it is evident that in this movie Frodo is as the major
character. He hopes that he can finish his job on the quest to destroy the one ring on
Mordor to save the earth from the darkness and wants to get happiness in the future of
life without the burden as the bearer of the ring again.
Keywords: Friendship, Power, Struggle, individual psychological.
Consultant I
Consultant II
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed.
Titis Setyabudi, S.S.M.Hum.
Dean of School of Teacher Training
and Education
Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M. Si.
NIK. 547
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE……………………………………………………………………...………… i
APPROVAL……………………………………………………………………...… ii
ACCEPTANCE…………………………………………………………………..... iii
TESTIMONY…………………………………………………………………...….. iv
MOTTO…………………………………………………………………………....... v
DEDICATION…………………………………………………………………...… vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT....…………………………………..………………...…. vii
SUMMARY…………………………………………………….……...……………. x
TABLE OF CONTENT…………..…………………………………….................. xi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study.……………………….……………….. 1
B. Literature Review……………….……………………………….. 7
C. Problem Statement…….……..………………….…………….… 8
D. Limitation of the Study……………….…………..…….……….. 9
E. Objectives of the Study………………………….….…….…...… 9
F. Benefits of the Study…………………………………………….. 9
G. Research Method……………………………………………..… 10
H. Research Paper Organization…………...………………..…...... 12
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Notion of Individual Psychology……………..………..…….… 13
B. Basic Assumption of Individual Psychological……..…...….... 16
xi
1. Inferiority Feeling and Compensation……….…………....... 16
2. Striving of Superiority …………………….………..……… 17
3. Fictional Finalism ……………..…...……..…………..….… 18
4. Style of Life ………………...…….......…….…………...…. 19
5. Social Interest …………………...…..…………………..…. 21
6. Creative Self ………….…………...………...…………..…. 21
C. Structural Elements of the Movie……………...…………..…... 22
1. Narrative Elements ……………………...………….…..….. 22
a. Character and Characterization …………..……..…...… 22
b. Setting ……………………………..………………...… 23
c. Point of View ………………..…………………….….. 24
d. Theme ……………………………………………......… 25
e. Plot…………………………………………….....…….. 25
2. Technical Elements .……….………………….....…………. 26
a. Casting……………………………………………..…… 26
b. Mise-en-scene…………….…………………………….. 27
1) Set Dressing and Prop................................................. 27
2) Costume and Make-Up............................................... 28
3) Lighting.……….……………...….............................. 29
c. Cinematography ……………………………………….. 29
1) Photographical Qualities of Shot……….…………... 30
2) Framing of Shot………………………….………..... 31
xii
3) Duration of Shot………………………………….… 32
d. Sound ………….………………….……………………. 32
e. Editing ………………………….…………………...…. 33
D. Theoretical Application……………….……………………...… 35
CHAPTER III: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
A. Structural Elements of the Movie………………………...……. 37
1. Narrative Elements ………..……………………………..… 37
a. Character and Characterization …………..…………..... 37
b. Setting ………………………….………………..….…. 56
c. Point of View…………………………………………... 59
d. Theme……………..……………………………………. 61
e. Plot………………………………….…………….….… 62
1) Beginning…………...………………………………. 62
2) Middle………………...………………………….…. 62
3) Ending……………...…………………………….…. 63
2. Technical Elements .…………………...………...…............. 63
a.
Casting……..………………………………………..... 63
b.
Mise-en-scene……………………………………….... 64
1) Set Dressing and Prop............................................... 64
2) Costume and Make-Up…………...……………….. 68
3) Lighting..................................................................... 70
c.
Cinematography …………………………………….... 71
xiii
1) Photographical Qualities of Shot………...………. 71
2) Framing of Shot………..……………………....… 72
3) Duration of Shot…………..…………...………… 75
d.
Sound ……...…………………….………………...…. 75
e.
Editing ………………………….……………….......... 76
B. Discussion…………………..…………………………….……. 78
CHAPTER IV: PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
A. Individual Psychology…………………….………………….… 82
1. Inferiority Feeling and Compensation………..……….….… 82
2. Striving of Superiority…………….…………...…………… 85
3. Fictional Finalism………….………………….……….…… 88
4. Style of Life……….……………………………...……….... 89
5. Social Interest………………………………...…...……...… 93
6. Creative Self………………………………………..……..... 95
B. Discussion…………………………………………..………...... 97
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion…………………..………………………………... 100
B. Suggestion………...……………………………………........... 101
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCES
APPENDIX
xiv
TABLE OF PICTURES
Picture 1. Frodo ............................................................................................ 38
Picture 2. Gundalf the Grey........................................................................... 39
Picture 3. Samwise (Sam) ............................................................................. 41
Picture 4. Aragon .......................................................................................... 42
Picture 5. Bromir .......................................................................................... 43
Picture 6. Legolas ......................................................................................... 44
Picture 7. Pippin ........................................................................................... 45
Picture 8. Merry ............................................................................................ 47
Picture 9. Gimli............................................................................................. 48
Picture 10 Sauron.......................................................................................... 49
Picture 11. Biblo Baggins ............................................................................. 50
Picture 12. Saruman the White ...................................................................... 50
Picture 13. Elrond ......................................................................................... 51
Picture 14. Lord Celebron ............................................................................. 52
Picture 15. Arwen ......................................................................................... 53
Picture 16. Galadriel ..................................................................................... 53
Picture 17. Smeagol ...................................................................................... 54
Picture 18. The Gatekeeper of Bree ............................................................... 55
Picture 19. Shire ........................................................................................... 56
Picture 20. Hobbit’s home ............................................................................. 56
Picture 21. Matamata North Island, New Zealand ......................................... 56
xv
Picture 22. Garden of Isengard ...................................................................... 57
Picture 23. Harcourt Oark, New Zealand ....................................................... 57
Picture 24. Revendell .................................................................................... 57
Picture 25. Kaitoke regional Park, Upper Hut, New Zealand ......................... 57
Picture 26. Weather Hill (Amon Sul) ............................................................ 57
Picture 27. Mounth Owen, New Zealand ....................................................... 57
Picture 28. Lothlorien ................................................................................... 58
Picture 29. Frenside Lodge, New Zealand ..................................................... 58
Picture 30. Gondor ........................................................................................ 58
Picture 31 . Ford of Bruinen .......................................................................... 58
Picture 32. Arrow River (Queenstown) ......................................................... 58
Picture 33. Fangorn Forest ............................................................................ 59
Picture 34. Wilderland, New Zealand ............................................................ 59
Picture 35. Mounth Doom (mordor) .............................................................. 59
Picture 36. Whitianga, New Zealand ............................................................. 59
Picture 37. Shot of the Characters ................................................................. 60
Picture 38. The one ring ............................................................................... 64
Picture 39. Book .......................................................................................... 65
Picture 40. Axe ............................................................................................ 65
Picture 41. Stick (Gandalf and Saruman’ Properties)……. ............................ 65
Picture 42. The Horn ..................................................................................... 65
Picture 43. Hooded robe with mesh face (the Ringwraith’s properties) .......... 66
Picture 44. Quiver with arrows and bow ........................................................ 66
xvi
Picture 45. Two majestic statue .................................................................... 66
Picture 46. Sword ......................................................................................... 66
Picture 47. Fire ............................................................................................ 67
Picture 48. A boat ........................................................................................ 67
Picture 49. A silver pitcher ........................................................................... 67
Picture 50. The light of Earendil ................................................................... 67
Picture 51. Costume and make-up of Gandalf and Saruman ........................ 68
Picture 52. Costume and make-up of Hobbits ................................................ 68
Picture 53. Costume and make-up of Orcs ..................................................... 68
Picture 54. Costume and make-up of the Nazgul ........................................... 68
Picture 55. Costume and make-up of Legolas ................................................ 69
Picture 56. Costume and make-up of Elron ................................................... 69
Picture 57. Costume and make-up of Gimli ................................................... 69
Picture 58. Costume and make-up of Aragon ................................................ 69
Picture 59.Costume and make-up Buromir ................................................... 69
Picture 60. Costume and make-up of Arwen ................................................. 69
Picture 61. Costume and make-up of Sauron ................................................. 69
Picture 62.Costume and make-up of the Lord Celeborn and Galadriel .......... 69
Picture 63. Hard Lighting ............................................................................. 70
Picture 64. Soft Lighting .............................................................................. 71
Picture 65. Qualities of Shot in Framing ........................................................ 72
Picture 66. Qualities of Shot in Lighting ....................................................... 72
Picture 67. Straight- on- Angel ...................................................................... 72
xvii
Picture 68. High- Angle ................................................................................ 73
Picture 69. Low-Angel ................................................................................. 73
Picture 70. Extreme Long Shot ..................................................................... 73
Picture 71. Long Shot ................................................................................... 74
Picture 72. Medium Long Shot ..................................................................... 74
Picture 73. Medium Shot .............................................................................. 74
Picture 74. Medium Close-up Shot ............................................................... 75
Picture 75. The Extreme Close-up Shot ........................................................ 75
Picture 76. Axis of Action ............................................................................ 76
Picture 77. Establishing Shot ........................................................................ 77
Picture 78. Eye line match ............................................................................ 77
Picture 79. Eye line match ............................................................................ 77
Picture 80. Match on Action ......................................................................... 77
Picture 81. Match on Action ......................................................................... 77
Picture 82. Cheat cut ..................................................................................... 78
Picture 83. Cross Cutting (1) ........................................................................ 78
Picture 84. Cross Cutting (2) ........................................................................ 78
Picture 85. Cross Cutting (3) ........................................................................ 78
Picture 86. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling ......................................................... 83
Picture 87. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling ......................................................... 83
Picture 88. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling ......................................................... 83
Picture 89. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling .......................................................... 83
Picture 90. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling ......................................................... 84
xviii
Picture 90. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling .......................................................... 84
Picture 91. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling .......................................................... 84
Picture 92. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling .......................................................... 84
Picture 93. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling .......................................................... 84
Picture 94. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling ......................................................... 85
Picture 95. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling .......................................................... 85
Picture 96. Frodo’s Inferiority Feeling .......................................................... 85
Picture 97. Frodo’s Striving of Superiority .................................................. 86
Picture 98. Frodo’s Striving of Superiority .................................................. 86
Picture 99. Frodo’s Striving of Superiority .................................................. 87
Picture 100. Frodo’s Striving of Superiority ................................................. 87
Picture 101. Frodo’s Striving of Superiority ................................................ 87
Picture 102. Frodo’s Striving of Superiority ................................................ 87
Picture 103. Frodo’s Fictional Finalism ........................................................ 89
Picture 104. Frodo’s Fictional Finalism ........................................................ 89
Picture 105. Frodo’s Fictional Finalism ........................................................ 89
Picture 106. Frodo’s Fictional Finalism ........................................................ 89
Picture 107. Frodo’s cheerful life style ......................................................... 90
Picture 108. Frodo’s cheerful life style ......................................................... 90
Picture 109. Frodo’s wise life style ............................................................... 91
Picture 110. Frodo’s wise life style .............................................................. 91
Picture 110. Frodo’s wise life style .............................................................. 91
Picture 111. Frodo’s prepare goes to Bree .................................................... 93
xix
Picture 112. Social Interest of Frodo with Gandalf ....................................... 93
Picture 113. Social Interest of Frodo with Sam ............................................. 94
Picture 114. Social Interest of Frodo with Sam ............................................. 94
Picture 115. Social Interest of Frodo with his friends ................................... 95
Picture 116. Social Interest of Frodo with his friends ................................... 95
Picture 117. Social Interest of Frodo with Sam ............................................. 95
Picture 118. Social Interest of Frodo with Sam ............................................. 95
Picture 119. The Creative Self of Frodo ....................................................... 97
Picture 120. The Creative Self of Frodo ....................................................... 97
Picture 121. The Creative Self of Frodo ....................................................... 97
xx