S KTP 1200845 Table of content
DAFTAR ISI
KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................... i
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ................................................................................ ii
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ iv
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ v
DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................ x
DAFTAR BAGAN ................................................................................................ xii
DAFTAR GRAFIK ............................................................................................... xiii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ...................................................................................... 1
A. Latar Belakang Masalah .............................................................................. 1
B. Rumusan Masalah Penelitian ....................................................................... 8
C. Tujuan Penelitian ......................................................................................... 8
D. Manfaat Hasil Penelitian .............................................................................. 9
E. Struktur Organisasi Skripsi ......................................................................... 10
BAB II LANDASAN TEORETIS ...................................................................... 12
A. Model Pembelajaran ................................................................................... 12
B. Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif ................................................................ 13
1. Konsep Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif ...............................................13
2. Karakteristik Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif .......................................13
3. Tujuan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif ................................................14
4. Prinsip-prinsip Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif ....................................15
5. Prosedur Pembelajaran Kooperatif .........................................................16
C. Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Keliling Kelompok (Round Club) 16
1. Konsep Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif
Tipe Keliling Kelompok
(Round Club) ..........................................................................................16
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PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND
CLUB) BERBANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2. Keunggulan dan Kelemahan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe
Keliling Kelompok (Round Club) ..........................................................18
3. Langkah-langkah Proses Pembelajaran Tipe Keliling Kelompok .........18
D. Media Pembelajaran ................................................................................... 20
1. Konsep Media Pembelajaran ................................................................. 20
2. Fungsi Media Pembelajaran ...................................................................21
3. Jenis-jenis Media Pembelajaran .............................................................21
E. Media Konkret ............................................................................................ 22
1. Konsep Media Konkret ............................................................................22
2. Manfaat Media Konkret ...........................................................................23
F. Hasil Belajar ............................................................................................... 23
1. Pengertian Hasil Belajar...........................................................................23
2. Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Hasil Belajar ....................................25
3. Klasifikasi Hasil Belajar ..........................................................................26
G. Mata Pelajaran Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) .................... 29
1. Pengertian Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) ........................ 29
2. Tujuan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK).............................. 29
3. Peranan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) ............................ 30
H. Penelitian Terdahulu................................................................................... 31
I. Kerangka Pemikiran ................................................................................... 33
J. Asumsi Hipotesis Penelitian ....................................................................... 33
1. Asumsi .................................................................................................... 33
2. Hipotesis Penelitian ................................................................................ 34
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .................................................................... 37
A. Metode dan Desain Penelitian ..................................................................... 37
1. Metode Penelitian ................................................................................... 37
vii
Carmanita, 2016
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND
CLUB) BERBANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2. Desain Penelitian .................................................................................... 38
3. Variabel Penelitian .................................................................................. 40
B. Definisi Operasional .................................................................................... 42
C. Lokasi dan Subjek Penelitian ...................................................................... 44
1. Lokasi Penelitian ..................................................................................... 44
2. Subjek Penelitian .................................................................................... 44
D. Instrumen Penelitian .................................................................................... 46
E. Teknik Pengembangan Instrumen Penelitian .............................................. 47
1. Uji Validitas Instrumen .......................................................................... 47
2. Uji Reliabilitas Instrumen ...................................................................... 50
3. Tingkat Kesukaran Soal ......................................................................... 51
4. Daya Pembeda ....................................................................................... 54
F. Prosedur Penelitian ...................................................................................... 56
G. Teknik Analisis Data ................................................................................... 56
1. Uji Normalitas ......................................................................................... 57
2. Uji Homogenitas..................................................................................... 57
3. Uji Hipotesis ........................................................................................... 58
BAB IV TEMUAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ....................................................... 61
A. Deskripsi Data Hasil Penelitian .................................................................... 61
1. Hasil Penelitian Berdasarkan Skor Pretest, Posttest dan Gain .................61
2. Hasil Penelitian Berdasarkan Permasalahan ............................................65
B. Analisis Data Hasil Penelitian ................................................................... 70
1. Uji Normalitas Data .................................................................................70
2. Uji Homogenitas ......................................................................................72
3. Uji Hipotesis ............................................................................................75
C. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian...................................................................... 84
viii
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PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND
CLUB) BERBANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
1. Pembahasan Hipotesis Umum .................................................................83
2. Pembahasan Hipotesis Khusus.................................................................89
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI ................................................... 94
A. Simpulan ...................................................................................................... 94
B. Rekomendasi ............................................................................................... 94
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .......................................................................................... 97
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN
CV PENULIS
ix
Carmanita, 2016
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND
CLUB) BERBANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Tahapan Kegiatan Pembelajaran Keliling
Kelompok ............................................................................................................ 19
Tabel 3.1 Desain Penelitian................................................................................. 40
Tabel 3.2 Hubungan Antar Variabel ................................................................... 41
Tabel 3.3 Populasi Penelitian .............................................................................. 44
Tabel 3.4 Sampel Penelitian................................................................................ 45
Tabel 3.5 Kriterian Acuan Validitas Soal ........................................................... 48
Tabel 3.6 Hasil Perhitungan Validitas Instrumen ............................................... 49
Tabel 3.7 Klasifikasi Soal Berdasarkan Ranah Kognitif .................................... 50
Tabel 3.8 Hasil Uji Reliabilitas Instrumen.......................................................... 51
Tabel 3.9 Klasifikasi Tingkat Kesukaran Uji Coba
Instrumen ............................................................................................................ 53
Tabel 3.10 Klasifikasi Tingkat Kesukaran Instrumen
Valid .................................................................................................................... 53
Tabel 3.11 Kriteria Koefisien Daya Pembeda..................................................... 54
x
Carmanita, 2016
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND
CLUB) BERBANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Tabel 3.12 Hasil Daya Pembeda Soal Uji Instrumen ......................................... 55
Tabel 4.1 Skor Rata-Rata Pretest Posttest Keseluruhan ..................................... 64
Tabel 4.2 Skor Rata-Rata Aspek Mengingat....................................................... 66
Tabel 4.3 Skor Rata-Rata Aspek Memahami ...................................................... 68
Tabel 4.4 Skor Rata-Rata Aspek Menerapkan .................................................... 69
Tabel 4.5 Uji Normalitas Data Kelompok Eksperimen ...................................... 72
Tabel 4.6 Uji Normalitas Data Kelompok Kontrol ............................................ 72
Tabel 4.7 Uji Homogenitas Kedua Kelompok .................................................... 73
Tabel 4.8 Uji Homogenitas Aspek Mengingat .................................................... 73
Tabel 4.9 Uji Homogenitas Aspek Memahami ................................................... 74
Tabel 4.10 Uji Homogenitas Aspek Menerapkan ............................................... 75
Tabel 4.11 Uji Hipotesis Umum ......................................................................... 77
Tabel 4.12 Uji Hipotesis Khusus C1 ................................................................... 79
Tabel 4.13 Uji Hipotesis Khusus C2 ................................................................... 81
Tabel 4.14 Uji Hipotesis Khusus C3 ................................................................... 83
xi
Carmanita, 2016
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND
CLUB) BERBANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR BAGAN
Bagan 2.1 Kerangka Berpikir ............................................................................. 35
Bagan 3.1 Prosedur Penelitian ........................................................................... 56
xii
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PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND
CLUB) BERBANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR GRAFIK
Grafik 4.1 Skor Rata-Rata Pretest ...................................................................... 63
Grafik 4.2 Skor Rata-Rata Posttest ..................................................................... 64
Grafik 4.3 Skor Rata-Rata Pretest dan Posttest .................................................. 65
Grafik 4.4 Skor Rata-Rata Aspek Mengingat ..................................................... 67
Grafik 4.5 Skor Rata-Rata Aspek Memahami .................................................... 68
Grafik 4.6 Skor Rata-Rata Aspek Menerapkan................................................... 70
Grafik 4.7 Uji Hipotesis Umum .......................................................................... 78
Grafik 4.8 Uji Hipotesis Khusus C1 ................................................................... 80
Grafik 4.9 Uji Hipotesis Khusus C2 ................................................................... 82
Grafik 4.10 Uji Hipotesis Khusus C3 ................................................................. 84
xiii
Carmanita, 2016
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND
CLUB) BERBANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
xiv
Carmanita, 2016
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND
CLUB) BERBANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................... i
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ................................................................................ ii
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ iv
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ v
DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................ x
DAFTAR BAGAN ................................................................................................ xii
DAFTAR GRAFIK ............................................................................................... xiii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ...................................................................................... 1
A. Latar Belakang Masalah .............................................................................. 1
B. Rumusan Masalah Penelitian ....................................................................... 8
C. Tujuan Penelitian ......................................................................................... 8
D. Manfaat Hasil Penelitian .............................................................................. 9
E. Struktur Organisasi Skripsi ......................................................................... 10
BAB II LANDASAN TEORETIS ...................................................................... 12
A. Model Pembelajaran ................................................................................... 12
B. Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif ................................................................ 13
1. Konsep Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif ...............................................13
2. Karakteristik Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif .......................................13
3. Tujuan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif ................................................14
4. Prinsip-prinsip Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif ....................................15
5. Prosedur Pembelajaran Kooperatif .........................................................16
C. Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Keliling Kelompok (Round Club) 16
1. Konsep Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif
Tipe Keliling Kelompok
(Round Club) ..........................................................................................16
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Carmanita, 2016
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND
CLUB) BERBANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2. Keunggulan dan Kelemahan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe
Keliling Kelompok (Round Club) ..........................................................18
3. Langkah-langkah Proses Pembelajaran Tipe Keliling Kelompok .........18
D. Media Pembelajaran ................................................................................... 20
1. Konsep Media Pembelajaran ................................................................. 20
2. Fungsi Media Pembelajaran ...................................................................21
3. Jenis-jenis Media Pembelajaran .............................................................21
E. Media Konkret ............................................................................................ 22
1. Konsep Media Konkret ............................................................................22
2. Manfaat Media Konkret ...........................................................................23
F. Hasil Belajar ............................................................................................... 23
1. Pengertian Hasil Belajar...........................................................................23
2. Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Hasil Belajar ....................................25
3. Klasifikasi Hasil Belajar ..........................................................................26
G. Mata Pelajaran Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) .................... 29
1. Pengertian Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) ........................ 29
2. Tujuan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK).............................. 29
3. Peranan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) ............................ 30
H. Penelitian Terdahulu................................................................................... 31
I. Kerangka Pemikiran ................................................................................... 33
J. Asumsi Hipotesis Penelitian ....................................................................... 33
1. Asumsi .................................................................................................... 33
2. Hipotesis Penelitian ................................................................................ 34
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .................................................................... 37
A. Metode dan Desain Penelitian ..................................................................... 37
1. Metode Penelitian ................................................................................... 37
vii
Carmanita, 2016
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND
CLUB) BERBANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2. Desain Penelitian .................................................................................... 38
3. Variabel Penelitian .................................................................................. 40
B. Definisi Operasional .................................................................................... 42
C. Lokasi dan Subjek Penelitian ...................................................................... 44
1. Lokasi Penelitian ..................................................................................... 44
2. Subjek Penelitian .................................................................................... 44
D. Instrumen Penelitian .................................................................................... 46
E. Teknik Pengembangan Instrumen Penelitian .............................................. 47
1. Uji Validitas Instrumen .......................................................................... 47
2. Uji Reliabilitas Instrumen ...................................................................... 50
3. Tingkat Kesukaran Soal ......................................................................... 51
4. Daya Pembeda ....................................................................................... 54
F. Prosedur Penelitian ...................................................................................... 56
G. Teknik Analisis Data ................................................................................... 56
1. Uji Normalitas ......................................................................................... 57
2. Uji Homogenitas..................................................................................... 57
3. Uji Hipotesis ........................................................................................... 58
BAB IV TEMUAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ....................................................... 61
A. Deskripsi Data Hasil Penelitian .................................................................... 61
1. Hasil Penelitian Berdasarkan Skor Pretest, Posttest dan Gain .................61
2. Hasil Penelitian Berdasarkan Permasalahan ............................................65
B. Analisis Data Hasil Penelitian ................................................................... 70
1. Uji Normalitas Data .................................................................................70
2. Uji Homogenitas ......................................................................................72
3. Uji Hipotesis ............................................................................................75
C. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian...................................................................... 84
viii
Carmanita, 2016
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND
CLUB) BERBANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
1. Pembahasan Hipotesis Umum .................................................................83
2. Pembahasan Hipotesis Khusus.................................................................89
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI ................................................... 94
A. Simpulan ...................................................................................................... 94
B. Rekomendasi ............................................................................................... 94
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .......................................................................................... 97
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN
CV PENULIS
ix
Carmanita, 2016
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND
CLUB) BERBANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Tahapan Kegiatan Pembelajaran Keliling
Kelompok ............................................................................................................ 19
Tabel 3.1 Desain Penelitian................................................................................. 40
Tabel 3.2 Hubungan Antar Variabel ................................................................... 41
Tabel 3.3 Populasi Penelitian .............................................................................. 44
Tabel 3.4 Sampel Penelitian................................................................................ 45
Tabel 3.5 Kriterian Acuan Validitas Soal ........................................................... 48
Tabel 3.6 Hasil Perhitungan Validitas Instrumen ............................................... 49
Tabel 3.7 Klasifikasi Soal Berdasarkan Ranah Kognitif .................................... 50
Tabel 3.8 Hasil Uji Reliabilitas Instrumen.......................................................... 51
Tabel 3.9 Klasifikasi Tingkat Kesukaran Uji Coba
Instrumen ............................................................................................................ 53
Tabel 3.10 Klasifikasi Tingkat Kesukaran Instrumen
Valid .................................................................................................................... 53
Tabel 3.11 Kriteria Koefisien Daya Pembeda..................................................... 54
x
Carmanita, 2016
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND
CLUB) BERBANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Tabel 3.12 Hasil Daya Pembeda Soal Uji Instrumen ......................................... 55
Tabel 4.1 Skor Rata-Rata Pretest Posttest Keseluruhan ..................................... 64
Tabel 4.2 Skor Rata-Rata Aspek Mengingat....................................................... 66
Tabel 4.3 Skor Rata-Rata Aspek Memahami ...................................................... 68
Tabel 4.4 Skor Rata-Rata Aspek Menerapkan .................................................... 69
Tabel 4.5 Uji Normalitas Data Kelompok Eksperimen ...................................... 72
Tabel 4.6 Uji Normalitas Data Kelompok Kontrol ............................................ 72
Tabel 4.7 Uji Homogenitas Kedua Kelompok .................................................... 73
Tabel 4.8 Uji Homogenitas Aspek Mengingat .................................................... 73
Tabel 4.9 Uji Homogenitas Aspek Memahami ................................................... 74
Tabel 4.10 Uji Homogenitas Aspek Menerapkan ............................................... 75
Tabel 4.11 Uji Hipotesis Umum ......................................................................... 77
Tabel 4.12 Uji Hipotesis Khusus C1 ................................................................... 79
Tabel 4.13 Uji Hipotesis Khusus C2 ................................................................... 81
Tabel 4.14 Uji Hipotesis Khusus C3 ................................................................... 83
xi
Carmanita, 2016
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND
CLUB) BERBANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR BAGAN
Bagan 2.1 Kerangka Berpikir ............................................................................. 35
Bagan 3.1 Prosedur Penelitian ........................................................................... 56
xii
Carmanita, 2016
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND
CLUB) BERBANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR GRAFIK
Grafik 4.1 Skor Rata-Rata Pretest ...................................................................... 63
Grafik 4.2 Skor Rata-Rata Posttest ..................................................................... 64
Grafik 4.3 Skor Rata-Rata Pretest dan Posttest .................................................. 65
Grafik 4.4 Skor Rata-Rata Aspek Mengingat ..................................................... 67
Grafik 4.5 Skor Rata-Rata Aspek Memahami .................................................... 68
Grafik 4.6 Skor Rata-Rata Aspek Menerapkan................................................... 70
Grafik 4.7 Uji Hipotesis Umum .......................................................................... 78
Grafik 4.8 Uji Hipotesis Khusus C1 ................................................................... 80
Grafik 4.9 Uji Hipotesis Khusus C2 ................................................................... 82
Grafik 4.10 Uji Hipotesis Khusus C3 ................................................................. 84
xiii
Carmanita, 2016
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND
CLUB) BERBANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
xiv
Carmanita, 2016
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND
CLUB) BERBANTUAN MEDIA KONKRET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu