Pembuatan Dan Karakterisasi Nanokomposit Karet Alam/Organobentonit Menggunakan Cetiltrimetilamonium Bromida, Polietilen Glikol Dan Sodium Dodesil Sulfat Sebagai Pemodifikasi Permukaan

  Lampiran 1 DAFTAR KONVERSI AYAKAN DARI MESH KE MIKRON

  U. S MESH

  3 0,2650 6730 6,730 4 0,1870 4760 4,760 5 0,1570 4000 4,000 6 0,1320 3360 3,360 8 0,0937 2380 2,380 10 0,0787 2000 2,000

  12 0,0661 1680 1,680 14 0,0555 1410 1,410 16 0,0469 1190 1,190 18 0,0394 1000 1,000 20 0,0331 841 0,841 25 0,0280 707 0,707 30 0,0232 595 0,595 35 0,0197 500 0,500 40 0,0165 400 0,400 45 0,0138 354 0,354 50 0,0117 297 0,297 60 0,0098 250 0,250 70 0,0083 210 0,210 80 0,0070 177 0,177

  100 0,0059 149 0,149 120 0,0049 125 0,125 140 0,0041 105 0,105 170 0,0035

  8 0,088 200 0,0029 74 0,074 230 0,0024 63 0,063 270 0,0021 53 0,053 325 0,0017 44 0,044 400 0,0015 37 0,037 625 0,0008 20 0,020 1250 0,0004 10 0,010 2500 0,0002

  5 0,005

  Lampiran 2. Hasil Pengukuran Nanopartikel Bentonit

  Lampiran 3. Data Hasil Pengukuran Viskositas Karet Alam

  Lampiran 4. Data Hasil Uji Tarik Nanokomposit Karet Alam/Bentonit

  Lampiran 5. Data Hasil Uji Tarik Nanokomposit Karet Alam/Bentonit-CTAB

  Lampiran 6. Data Hasil Uji Tarik Nanokomposit Karet Alam/Bentonit-PEG

  Lampiran 7. Data Hasil Uji Tarik Nanokomposit Karet Alam/Bentonit-SDS

  Lampiran 8. Data Hasil Analisis Uji Kestabilan Termal Nanokomposit Karet Alam/Bentonit

  Lampiran 9. Data Hasil Analisis Uji Kestabilan Termal Nanokomposit Karet Alam/Bentonit-CTAB

  Lampiran 10. Data Hasil Analisis Uji Kestabilan Termal Nanokomposit Karet Alam/Bentonit-PEG

  Lampiran 11. Data Hasil Analisis Uji Kestabilan Termal Nanokomposit Karet Alam/Bentonit-SDS

  Lampiran 12. Spektrum FT-IR Nanokomposit Karet Alam/Bentonit

  Lampiran 13. Spektrum FT-IR Bentonit-CTAB

  Lampiran 14. Spektrum FT-IR Bentonit-PEG

  Lampiran 15. Spektrum FT-IR Bentonit-SDS

  Lampiran 16. Spektrum XRD Bentonit No.

  41.58 11 47.0161 1.854272

11.58 0.6298

26.98 201

  ^Intensitas 60 80 100 _{2 theta}

  40

  20

  63.75 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

  57.98 14 51.5749 1.693229

17 0.2362

14.85 197

  59.35 13 49.8345 1.751102

15.46 0.4723

27.01 198

  43.43 12 48.4997 1.798415

15.82 0.3149

18.44 195

  39.76 9 35.7053 2.438098

30.49 0.4723

53.29 265 114.38 10 42.424 2.052797

11.09 0.9446

38.75 230

  Pos. [°2Th.] d-spacing [Å]

  94.43 8 31.6564 2.751131

10.6 0.4723

18.52 295

  7 30.4649 2.859381

25.18 0.1968

18.33 308

  

31.5 0.3149

36.7 340 118.16 5 26.8025 3.253334

27.16 0.2362

23.74 333.37 101.89

6 28.0081 3.112119 100 0.3936 145.63 327 375.08

  66.25 2 22.0416 3.963993

69.09 0.2755

70.43 335 259.14 3 23.8101 3.666463

45.12 0.2362

39.43 339 169.25 4 24.4887 3.56382

  1 10.7108 8.235

17.66 0.1181

7.72 277

  [cts*°2Th.] Backgr.[cts] Height [cts]

  [%] FWHM [°2Th.] Area

  Rel. Int.

  Sampel_Firman Lampiran 17. Spektrum XRD Bentonit-CTAB

  File: THE-2.DI 29-May-2013 14:43 ============================================================= ================= Philips Analytical PC-APD, Diffraction software Sample identification: Sampel 2 Data measured at: 29-May-2013 12:03:00 Diffractometer type: PW1710 BASED Tube anode: Cu Generator tension [kV]: 40 Generator current [mA]: 30 Wavelength Alpha1 [• ]: 1.54060 Wavelength Alpha2 [• ]: 1.54439 Intensity ratio (alpha2/alpha1): 0.500 Divergence slit: 1ø Receiving slit: 0.45 Monochromator used: NO Start angle [ø2é]: 5.000 End angle [ø2é]: 44.980 Step size [ø2é]: 0.020 Maximum intensity: 772.8400 Time per step [s]: 0.800 Type of scan: CONTINUOUS Minimum peak tip width: 0.12 Maximum peak tip width: 1.00 Peak base width: 2.00 Minimum significance: 0.60 Number of peaks: 22 Angle d-value d-value Peak width Peak int Back. int Rel. int Signif.

  [ø2é] à1 [• ] à2 [• ] [ø2é] [counts] [counts] [%] 10.775 8.2042 8.2244 0.240 77 296 10.0 2.36 13.925 6.3546 6.3702 0.240 38 299 5.0 1.01 15.440 5.7343 5.7484 0.960 13 299 1.7 0.97 20.075 4.4196 4.4304 0.480 42 324 5.5 0.98 22.160 4.0082 4.0181 0.240 552 324 71.5 8.39 23.060 3.8538 3.8633 0.280 135 324 17.4 2.05 23.885 3.7225 3.7317 0.240 317 324 41.0 4.57 24.670 3.6058 3.6147 0.160 185 324 23.9 0.96 25.765 3.4550 3.4635 0.160 130 324 16.8 0.67

  26.845 3.3184 3.3266 0.160 237 324 30.7 1.59 27.975 3.1869 3.1947 0.280 773 328 100.0 6.19 28.245 3.1570 3.1648 0.120 552 328 71.5 1.98 28.665 3.1117 3.1194 0.120 240 328 31.1 1.21 29.765 2.9992 3.0065 0.160 114 328 14.8 0.96 30.610 2.9183 2.9255 0.120 188 328 24.3 0.70 31.690 2.8212 2.8282 0.240 123 328 15.9 2.27 33.340 2.6853 2.6919 0.320 66 328 8.5 2.58 33.875 2.6441 2.6506 0.160 29 328 3.8 0.64 35.765 2.5086 2.5148 0.160 259 328 33.5 0.84 39.425 2.2837 2.2893 0.480 26 313 3.4 1.28 42.550 2.1229 2.1282 0.640 58 299 7.5 0.89 43.415 2.0826 2.0878 0.320 38 296 5.0 0.62

  Lampiran 18. Spektrum

  XRD Bentonit-PEG File: THE-3.DI 29-May-2013 14:43 ============================================================= ================= Philips Analytical PC-APD, Diffraction software Sample identification: Sampel 3 Data measured at: 29-May-2013 12:49:00 Diffractometer type: PW1710 BASED Tube anode: Cu Generator tension [kV]: 40 Generator current [mA]: 30 Wavelength Alpha1 [• ]: 1.54060 Wavelength Alpha2 [• ]: 1.54439 Intensity ratio (alpha2/alpha1): 0.500 Divergence slit: 1ø Receiving slit: 0.45 Monochromator used: NO Start angle [ø2é]: 5.000 End angle [ø2é]: 44.980 Step size [ø2é]: 0.020 Maximum intensity: 846.8100 Time per step [s]: 0.800 Type of scan: CONTINUOUS Minimum peak tip width: 0.12 Maximum peak tip width: 1.00 Peak base width: 2.00 Minimum significance: 0.60 Number of peaks: 21 Angle d-value d-value Peak width Peak int Back. int Rel. int Signif.

  [ø2é] à1 [• ] à2 [• ] [ø2é] [counts] [counts] [%] 10.715 8.2500 8.2703 0.120 59 272 7.0 0.66 13.920 6.3568 6.3725 0.480 25 279 3.0 0.98 20.865 4.2540 4.2645 0.240 86 353 10.2 0.86 22.065 4.0253 4.0352 0.180 650 350 76.8 7.16 22.960 3.8704 3.8799 0.200 161 350 19.0 1.17 23.800 3.7356 3.7448 0.160 372 346 44.0 2.20 24.565 3.6210 3.6299 0.240 199 346 23.5 2.27 25.705 3.4629 3.4714 0.200 132 342 15.6 0.97 26.765 3.3281 3.3363 0.160 266 339 31.4 1.32

  27.905 3.1947 3.2026 0.240 847 339 100.0 6.58 28.145 3.1680 3.1758 0.120 625 339 73.8 1.34 28.575 3.1213 3.1290 0.160 225 335 26.6 1.00 29.665 3.0091 3.0165 0.120 110 335 13.0 0.61 30.475 2.9309 2.9381 0.200 188 331 22.2 1.66 31.615 2.8278 2.8347 0.280 98 331 11.6 2.20 33.245 2.6927 2.6994 0.280 83 328 9.8 2.48 33.870 2.6445 2.6510 0.240 30 324 3.6 0.88 35.900 2.4995 2.5056 0.320 172 320 20.3 2.61 39.625 2.2727 2.2782 0.480 22 299 2.6 1.18 40.730 2.2135 2.2190 0.240 20 292 2.4 0.65 42.590 2.1210 2.1263 0.320 64 286 7.6 0.67 Lampiran 19.

  Spektrum XRD Bentonit-SDS

  File: THE-1.DI 29-May-2013 14:43 ============================================================= ================= Philips Analytical PC-APD, Diffraction software Sample identification: Sampel 1

  Data measured at: 29-May-2013 11:30:00 Diffractometer type: PW1710 BASED Tube anode: Cu Generator tension [kV]: 40 Generator current [mA]: 30 Wavelength Alpha1 [• ]: 1.54060 Wavelength Alpha2 [• ]: 1.54439 Intensity ratio (alpha2/alpha1): 0.500 Divergence slit: 1ø Receiving slit: 0.45 Monochromator used: NO Start angle [ø2é]: 5.000 End angle [ø2é]: 44.980 Step size [ø2é]: 0.020 Maximum intensity: 707.5600 Time per step [s]: 0.800 Type of scan: CONTINUOUS Minimum peak tip width: 0.12 Maximum peak tip width: 1.00 Peak base width: 2.00 Minimum significance: 0.60 Number of peaks: 18 Angle d-value d-value Peak width Peak int Back. int Rel. int Signif.

  [ø2é] à1 [• ] à2 [• ] [ø2é] [counts] [counts] [%] 7.700 11.4723 11.5005 0.120 26 310 3.7 0.86 10.710 8.2538 8.2741 0.200 88 276 12.5 1.55 13.875 6.3774 6.3931 0.480 26 272 3.7 0.97 22.145 4.0109 4.0208 0.220 462 339 65.3 8.49 22.965 3.8695 3.8790 0.200 77 339 10.9 0.90 23.875 3.7241 3.7332 0.160 276 335 38.9 1.87 24.660 3.6073 3.6161 0.280 139 335 19.7 2.54 25.840 3.4451 3.4536 0.120 94 331 13.3 0.80 26.830 3.3202 3.3284 0.200 207 331 29.3 2.34 27.965 3.1880 3.1958 0.240 708 328 100.0 4.46 28.255 3.1559 3.1637 0.120 484 328 68.4 0.78 28.625 3.1160 3.1236 0.120 177 328 25.0 1.14 29.760 2.9997 3.0070 0.240 94 324 13.3 1.76 30.505 2.9281 2.9353 0.160 169 324 23.9 1.23 31.635 2.8260 2.8330 0.200 86 320 12.2 0.91

  33.295 2.6888 2.6954 0.240 71 317 10.0 0.66 35.800 2.5062 2.5124 0.280 222 320 31.4 3.07 39.705 2.2683 2.2738 0.640 18 299 2.5 0.70 Lampiran 20.

  Spektrum XRD Nanokomposit Karet Alam/Bentonit

  File: THE-9.DI 29-May-2013 14:44 ============================================================= =================

  Philips Analytical PC-APD, Diffraction software Sample identification: Sampel 9 Data measured at: 28-May-2013 13:38:00 Diffractometer type: PW1710 BASED Tube anode: Cu Generator tension [kV]: 40 Generator current [mA]: 30 Wavelength Alpha1 [• ]: 1.54060 Wavelength Alpha2 [• ]: 1.54439 Intensity ratio (alpha2/alpha1): 0.500 Divergence slit: 1ø Receiving slit: 0.45 Monochromator used: NO Start angle [ø2é]: 5.000 End angle [ø2é]: 44.980 Step size [ø2é]: 0.020 Maximum intensity: 1324.960 Time per step [s]: 0.800 Type of scan: CONTINUOUS Minimum peak tip width: 0.12 Maximum peak tip width: 1.00 Peak base width: 2.00 Minimum significance: 0.60 Number of peaks: 10 Angle d-value d-value Peak width Peak int Back. int Rel. int Signif.

  [ø2é] à1 [• ] à2 [• ] [ø2é] [counts] [counts] [%] 6.645 13.2911 13.3238 0.240 38 420 2.9 0.63 10.815 8.1739 8.1940 0.480 30 538 2.3 0.97 19.650 4.5142 4.5253 0.640 166 1253 12.6 0.67 22.130 4.0136 4.0235 0.480 79 1069 6.0 1.71 24.010 3.7034 3.7125 0.560 21 930 1.6 0.88 26.825 3.3208 3.3290 0.240 67 756 5.1 0.77 28.065 3.1769 3.1847 0.480 112 708 8.5 2.03 31.945 2.7993 2.8062 0.360 1011 600 76.3 14.79 34.565 2.5929 2.5993 0.320 400 557 30.2 7.19

  36.340 2.4702 2.4763 0.440 1325 543 100.0 34.43 Lampiran 21.

  Spektrum XRD Nanokomposit Karet Alam/Bentonit-CTAB

  File: THE-5.DI 29-May-2013 14:43 ============================================================= ================= Philips Analytical PC-APD, Diffraction software Sample identification: Sampel 5 Data measured at: 28-May-2013 15:28:00 Diffractometer type: PW1710 BASED Tube anode: Cu Generator tension [kV]: 40 Generator current [mA]: 30 Wavelength Alpha1 [• ]: 1.54060 Wavelength Alpha2 [• ]: 1.54439 Intensity ratio (alpha2/alpha1): 0.500 Divergence slit: 1ø Receiving slit: 0.45 Monochromator used: NO Start angle [ø2é]: 5.000 End angle [ø2é]: 44.980 Step size [ø2é]: 0.020 Maximum intensity: 1576.090 Time per step [s]: 0.800 Type of scan: CONTINUOUS Minimum peak tip width: 0.12 Maximum peak tip width: 1.00 Peak base width: 2.00 Minimum significance: 0.60 Number of peaks: 11

  Angle d-value d-value Peak width Peak int Back. int Rel. int Signif. [ø2é] à1 [• ] à2 [• ] [ø2é] [counts] [counts] [%] 6.290 14.0404 14.0750 0.240 69 586 4.4 1.62 9.470 9.3316 9.3546 0.160 119 676 7.5 1.02 10.610 8.3314 8.3519 0.120 130 740 8.2 0.66 17.675 5.0139 5.0262 0.640 253 1296 16.0 0.69 18.840 4.7064 4.7180 0.240 292 1310 18.6 0.66 21.945 4.0470 4.0570 0.240 49 1109 3.1 0.82 27.605 3.2287 3.2367 0.240 79 745 5.0 1.04 28.555 3.1234 3.1311 0.320 71 718 4.5 0.96 31.745 2.8165 2.8234 0.180 1260 600 80.0 13.34 34.435 2.6024 2.6088 0.120 449 552 28.5 2.01 36.240 2.4768 2.4829 0.200 1576 543 100.0 19.81 Lampiran 22.

  Spektrum XRD Nanokomposit Karet Alam/Bentonit PEG

  File: THE-4.DI 29-May-2013 14:43 ============================================================= =================

  Philips Analytical PC-APD, Diffraction software Sample identification: Sampel 4 Data measured at: 28-May-2013 15:57:00 Diffractometer type: PW1710 BASED Tube anode: Cu Generator tension [kV]: 40 Generator current [mA]: 30 Wavelength Alpha1 [• ]: 1.54060 Wavelength Alpha2 [• ]: 1.54439 Intensity ratio (alpha2/alpha1): 0.500 Divergence slit: 1ø Receiving slit: 0.45 Monochromator used: NO Start angle [ø2é]: 5.000 End angle [ø2é]: 44.980 Step size [ø2é]: 0.020 Maximum intensity: 1239.040 Time per step [s]: 0.800 Type of scan: CONTINUOUS Minimum peak tip width: 0.12 Maximum peak tip width: 1.00 Peak base width: 2.00 Minimum significance: 0.60 Number of peaks: 10 Angle d-value d-value Peak width Peak int Back. int Rel. int Signif.

  [ø2é] à1 [• ] à2 [• ] [ø2é] [counts] [counts] [%] 10.300 8.5814 8.6026 0.320 18 475 1.4 0.73 19.150 4.6309 4.6423 0.800 125 918 10.1 1.36 21.865 4.0616 4.0716 0.480 44 762 3.5 1.23 22.965 3.8695 3.8790 0.200 207 702 16.7 2.08 26.635 3.3441 3.3523 0.160 86 520 7.0 0.69 27.575 3.2322 3.2401 0.240 130 488 10.5 1.65 31.620 2.8273 2.8343 0.140 1043 392 84.2 4.24 34.305 2.6119 2.6184 0.280 335 361 27.0 8.03 36.085 2.4871 2.4932 0.120 1239 353 100.0 3.24 42.785 2.1118 2.1170 0.120 66 313 5.3 1.16

  Lampiran 23. Spektrum XRD Nanokomposit Karet Alam/Bentonit-SDS

  File: THE-8.DI 29-May-2013 14:44 ============================================================= ================= Philips Analytical PC-APD, Diffraction software Sample identification: Sampel 8 Data measured at: 28-May-2013 14:49:00 Diffractometer type: PW1710 BASED Tube anode: Cu Generator tension [kV]: 40 Generator current [mA]: 30 Wavelength Alpha1 [• ]: 1.54060 Wavelength Alpha2 [• ]: 1.54439 Intensity ratio (alpha2/alpha1): 0.500 Divergence slit: 1ø Receiving slit: 0.45 Monochromator used: NO Start angle [ø2é]: 5.000 End angle [ø2é]: 44.980 Step size [ø2é]: 0.020 Maximum intensity: 1849.000 Time per step [s]: 0.800 Type of scan: CONTINUOUS Minimum peak tip width: 0.12 Maximum peak tip width: 1.00 Peak base width: 2.00 Minimum significance: 0.60 Number of peaks: 16 Angle d-value d-value Peak width Peak int Back. int Rel. int Signif.

  [ø2é] à1 [• ] à2 [• ] [ø2é] [counts] [counts] [%]

  10.540 8.3866 8.4072 0.240 45 655 2.4 0.73 11.465 7.7119 7.7309 0.200 114 708 6.2 2.09 16.685 5.3091 5.3222 0.800 119 1176 6.4 0.64 17.780 4.9845 4.9968 0.640 196 1267 10.6 0.91 21.885 4.0580 4.0680 0.160 243 1109 13.2 1.77 23.025 3.8596 3.8691 0.160 1436 992 77.7 14.33 25.815 3.4484 3.4569 0.120 79 795 4.3 0.92 26.495 3.3614 3.3697 0.480 77 767 4.2 2.30 27.705 3.2173 3.2252 0.160 225 724 12.2 1.19 27.975 3.1869 3.1947 0.120 154 713 8.3 0.68 28.560 3.1229 3.1306 0.240 72 692 3.9 0.68 31.760 2.8152 2.8221 0.200 1537 590 83.1 21.62 34.375 2.6068 2.6132 0.240 515 552 27.9 8.46 36.250 2.4761 2.4822 0.160 1849 538 100.0 13.05 37.800 2.3781 2.3839 0.480 24 529 1.3 1.16 42.435 2.1284 2.1337 0.800 27 493 1.5 0.93