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LG/OCT 2008/BEL260/250
CONFIDENTIAL
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE
PREPARATORY COURSE FOR MUET /
MAINSTREAM ENGLISH II
COURSE CODE
:
EXAMINATION
BEL260/250
OCTOBER 2008
TIME
:
3 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
1.
This question paper consists of two (2) parts :
PART A:
PART B:
(15 Questions)
(1 Question)
2.
Answer ALL questions from all two (2) parts in the Question Paper.
3.
Fill in the details below:
UiTM STUDENT CARD NO.
PROGRAMME/CODE
PART
ENGLISH LANGUAGE GROUP
NAME OF LECTURER
4.
Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the
invigilator.
5.
Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of:
(i) the Question Paper
DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO
This examination paper consists of 15 printed pages
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PART A: READING COMPREHENSION (20 MARKS)
PASSAGE I (6 MARKS)
Read the passage and answer the questions that follow.
I
The sound is overwhelming. From every direction comes electric sounds of
insect life, a noise so significant that it seems to have a physical shape.
After a few moments, you realise that it is also multidimensional.
First,
there is a big sound, the sound of the forest as one, like an orchestra: jt is
actually composed of a million "little sounds". Close your eyes, and you will
5
hear the variety of sounds like chirps, squeaks, and flutters. Then, as your
ears adjust, you may hear other sounds like rubbings, warbles, clicks,
knocks, rattles, pop-pop and chirroop sounds, sounds that go on the whole
night.
The more you listen, the more you become convinced that the
variety of creatures singing in the night is endless.
II
10
If you had to give those entire sounds one name, it would be Taman
Negara. Malaysians simply call it "Green Heart," and it is Malaysia's oldest
national park.
It sprawls across the mountains and limestone hills of
Pahang, and within its boundaries is the world's oldest rainforest.
It is
home to more than 10,000 kinds of plants, 350 species of birds, and
15
countless other insects and animals including elephants, tapirs, mouse
deer and snakes and on a lucky day, you can even spot a shy jaguar or a
tiger. Most people who come to the park spend their days hiking the jungle
trails, river rafting, and fishing or visiting the impressive canopy walkway.
What many don't realise, however, is that Taman Negara truly comes alive
20
at night.
III
Walking through the jungle at night has often been compared to scuba
diving at night. The air is dense, the sky invisible, and the world of sight is
limited to the clumsy cut of your flashlight. Despite the "cacophony, finding
the insects and animals takes time. With 130 million years of evolution
25
behind them, the insects, plants and animals in Taman Negara have
developed highly specialised adaptations in order to survive. Many of them
© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA
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LG/OCT 2008/BEL260/250
have become masters of camouflage, especially the leaf and stick insects,
which are far more numerous than they appear.
They are virtually
indistinguishable from the plant parts their names are derived from.
30
However, by patiently probing the trees with torchlight you can usually spot
them.
IV
Far easier to see are the fireflies that flare constantly across the jungle
trails. Sometimes thousands of them congregate upon a single tree, and
light it up like a fairy city. Fireflies are not the only life forms in Taman
35
Negara that produce light. The park is also well-known for its luminous
moss and mushrooms.
After a downpour, they glow near the trails,
illuminating the night like ghostly green clouds.
V
No night walk in Taman Negara is complete without a visit to one of the
park's three hides, a place from which you can watch animals and birds
40
without being seen by them. These elevated huts are situated five minutes
away from the park headquarters, and they are perfect for viewing the
park's more dramatic creatures as they prowl out of the woods to enjoy salt
licks. The most frequent visitors to the licks are the deer and the tapir, but
elephants and tigers have also been known to surprise the die-hards who
45
stay up all nights. However, visitors need not worry since the hides are far
above the ground.
VI
Even if you see none of these wonders, the sound of the Green Heart
beating at night is more than enough reason to bring along a good
torchlight.
*cacophony - loud unpleasant mixture of sounds
Adapted from http//www.geographia.com/malavsia/nightforest.htm
© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA
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LG/OCT 2008/BEL260/250
QUESTION 1
What do the following words refer to?
i)
it (line 4)
:
ii)
They (line 29)
:
(1 mark)
QUESTION 2
Why are finding insects and animals in Taman Negara difficult at night? Give two reasons.
i)
ii)
(1 mark)
QUESTION 3
Write T in the spaces provided if the statement is TRUE and F if the statement is FALSE.
i)
The multidimensional sound in Taman Negara is overwhelming
and never ending.
ii)
Jaguars and tigers can be easily spotted in
the Green Heart.
iii)
All life forms in Taman Negara are masters of camouflage.
iv)
Fireflies, moss and mushrooms illuminate the night at Taman Negara
(2 marks)
QUESTION 4
What does the sentence "Despite the cacophony, finding the insects and animals takes time"
(line 24) mean?
(2 marks)
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5
PASSAGE II (7 MARKS)
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
I
No one is taking the issue of price increases lightly and no country can
escape the global rise in the prices of food and other products. As for
Malaysians, they have no choice but have to find means to cope with this
situation. Consumers are beginning to change their lifestyle to adapt to the
changing environment.
Kamsiah Mansor has to rush home from her
5
RM1.000 paying administrative job to cook dinner for her lorry driver
husband and three school-going children. She has no other choice. Eating
out or food catering is too expensive now. As prices of food items such as
fish and vegetables have gone up, she has to make do with cheaper
alternatives such as chicken, kangkong and cucumber as opposed to fish,
10
cauliflower and kai Ian.
II
Other concerned consumers have also started to adopt a similar action to
tackle the price increase. They eat out less frequently as prices have gone
up by 30%. They are also concerned that the quality of food served at
restaurants might go down.
III
15
Universiti Putra Malaysia Associate Professor Dr Mirnalini Kandiah says
that eating at home has added benefits, even if it is a simple meal. Instead
of eating nasi lemak and nasi minyak which have added fats, Malaysians
should opt for simpler meals prepared at home, even if it is just rice,
sambal ikan bilis and stir-fried kangkong.
Energy-dense food like nasi
20
lemak and roti canai are generally unhealthy as they lack the necessary
nutrients.
Moreover, these foods are high in fat.
As such, she
recommends that families eat out less and instead prepare meals at home
with the right nutrient content. Malaysians should increase their intake of
vegetables and fruits and cheaper sources of protein such as soy-based
25
food and beans, to sustain energy levels and meet their energy needs.
They should cut down on rice meals because prices of rice could increase
© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA
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LG/OCT 2008/BEL260/250
6
due to current rice shortage. This can have serious implications for the
nutritional status of the poor population, whose main source of energy
comes from rice.
IV
30
Mirnalini also stresses that while rice consumption is not linked to being
overweight, reducing one's rice intake will help a person lose weight. This
is because the main source of energy in one's diet is reduced and
therefore, the body has less to store. It is important for people to make the
right choices as obesity in Malaysia is on an uptrend, similar to what is
35
happening in the rest of the world.
V
According to a survey conducted by the Malaysian Adults Nutrition Society,
obesity among adults is between 12 and 13 per cent. Subsequent reports
by the Health Ministry have shown similar results. One of the main causes
of obesity is the lack of physical activity. Over-consumption of food and
40
lack of physical activities result in obesity. Obesity can lead to various
other health problems and complications like high blood pressure,
diabetes, high cholesterol, heart related diseases and colon cancer.
Mirnalini suggests that families take a stroll around their neighbourhood
after a nutritious meal instead of sitting in front of their television.
50
Adapted from New Straits Times, April 2008
QUESTION 5
Give the meaning of the following words as used in passage II.
i)
adapt
(line 4)
ii) tackle
(line 13)
:
iii) sustain
(line 26)
:
iv) uptrend (line 35)
(2 marks)
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QUESTION 6
Circle the correct answer.
Kamsiah Mansor has to rush home to cook dinner for her family because
a) her husband asks her to do so.
b) she wants to control her family's food budget.
c) the children do not like eating out.
d) vegetables are becoming more expensive.
i)
a) and b)
ii)
a) and d)
iii)
b) and d)
iv)
all of the above
(1 mark)
QUESTION 7
The following statements are true according to Dr Mirnalini Kandiah except
i)
Meals prepared at home are cheaper and more nutritious,
ii) Energy-dense food lacks the necessary nutrients,
iii) Malaysians should prepare their favorite meals at home,
iv) Soy-based food is more nutritious than nasi lemak.
(1 mark)
QUESTION 8
Dr Mirnalini Kandiah suggests that families take a stroll after a meal. We can infer from her
suggestion that most families
i)
are afraid to go for strolls.
ii) have no time to exercise.
iii) spend too much time watching television.
iv) do not exercise after a meal.
(1 mark)
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LG/OCT 2008/BEL260/250
QUESTION 9
"....while rice consumption is not linked to being overweight...." (line 30) means
i)
Eating rice is not the main cause of obesity,
ii) Rice consumption can increase calorie intake,
iii) Eating rice can make someone gain weight,
iv) Rice intake determines an increase in weight.
(1 mark)
QUESTION 10
The following statements are false except
i)
Physical exercises are important to overcome weight problems,
ii)
Living in urban areas makes people exercise more,
iii)
Obesity does not lead to serious health problems,
iv)
Families do workouts after a nutritious meal.
(1 mark)
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LG/OCT 2008/BEL260/250
9
PASSAGE III (7 MARKS)
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
I
Today violent influences surround children. What can adults do to ensure
that children do not become bullies, nor become victims of bullies
themselves?
II
Research, first undertaken in 1980 in Norway by Dan Olweus has shown
that the traditional disciplinary approach does not deter bullying behaviour.
5
During the past two decades great success is being achieved with nonreactionary approaches to bullying. Studies since the first undertaken in
1980 by Olweus and furthered by Susan Limber show that if a child's
resiliency is increased, the likelihood of that child engaging in anti-social
behaviours,
such
as
bullying, is greatly
decreased.
Anti-bullying
10
programmes today are based on character and confidence building for all
children.
III
The purpose of pro-active resiliency training is to challenge children at a
deeper level.
Each child's natural strengths are developed in order to
increase core confidence.
A confident child is less likely to bully or be
15
victimised by a bully. Anti-bullying programmes also stress the importance
of positive relationships with adults in relation to a child's healthy social
development. Spending purposeful quality time connecting with a child is
the best way to build a child's social skills and resilience.
IV
Children are modellers. They mimic what they see, rather than what they
20
hear. If a child does not have an adult to mimic, the child will mimic the
behaviour of other children and youth. Bullies are looking for attention,
acceptance and quite often love. They manifest their need for affection by
mimicking how they see themselves as being treated, especially by the
adults in their lives. There are several things parents can do to demonstrate
25
their affection. Firstly, despite their busy schedules they should block off
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time to be a parent or mentor. Next, it is advisable for them to turn off their
mobile phones. Children need to know that they are important in their
parents' lives. In addition, the human connection needs to be kept strong.
All adults, especially parents, are encouraged to pay attention to online
30
activities of youths, get to know their friends, sit down and watch TV with
them. Children obtain their value systems from their parents and other
adults in their lives. Children who have a strong sense of who they are
backed by a strong set of human values do not become bullies.
V
Under the guidance of a trained facilitator, anti-bullying programmes provide 35
children with the tools, skills and confidence to diffuse bullying. As noted by
Olweus and Limber, a large percentage of bullying occurs with an audience.
There are usually two or three children who cheer the bully on, but there is
also a much larger group of bystanders who watch. A bully interprets the
audience's silence as encouragement and approval. Though the silent
40
bystanders are most likely appalled by what is happening; their silence is
interpreted by the bully as acceptance. A resilient child has the confidence
to stand up and say, 'No. Bullying is wrong.' Quite often that is all it takes to
discourage a potential bully.
VI
There are several school bullying prevention programmes that can be 45
adapted to meet the needs of individual communities. Heroes Among Us
and Virtues are two such programmes. The success of these programmes
requires the strong support of the entire school community and parents.
Adapted from 'Bully Proofing Children: Successful Bullying Prevention Based On Resilience
Building' by Laurie Hodges Humble, April 2008
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QUESTION 11
Give the meanings of the words as used in the passage.
i) engaging
(line 9)
ii) mimic
(line 21)
iii) backed by
(line 34)
iv) interpreted
(line 42)
(2 marks)
QUESTION 12
The following statements are true except
i)
The first study on bullying behaviour found that the traditional disciplinary approach does
not discourage bullying behaviour,
ii)
Pro-active resiliency training programmes stress the importance of positive relationships
with adults in relation to a child's healthy social development,
iii) Parents should pay attention to their children's activities, and provide them with the skills
and confidence to diffuse bullying,
iv) The school community and parents should organise school bullying prevention
programmes.
(1 mark)
QUESTION 13
Based on the passage, we can infer all of the following except
i)
lack of attention given by parents is one of the main reasons of bullying among youths.
ii) bullies need attention, acceptance and quite often love.
iii) children learn their value systems from their parents, teachers and other adults in their
lives,
iv) Heroes Among Us and Virtues are the only two school bullying prevention programmes
that can be adapted to meet the need of individual communities.
(1 mark)
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LG/OCT 2008/BEL260/250
QUESTION 14
To prevent bullying, parents should
i)
spend their time by being a mentor to their children.
ii) know that they are important in someone's life.
iii) sit down and watch TV with their children and their children's friends.
iv) provide children with the tools, skills and confidence to prevent.
(1 mark)
QUESTION 15
"... if a child's resiliency is increased, the likelihood of that child engaging in anti-social
behaviour, such as bullying, is greatly decreased " in line 8 means:
(2 marks)
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PART B: WRITING (20 MARKS)
QUESTION 1
Students nowadays have become better learners with the help of technology. Give your
opinion. You should write at least 350 words.
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LG/OCT 2008/BEL260/250
(20 marks)
END OF QUESTION PAPER
© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA
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CONFIDENTIAL
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE
PREPARATORY COURSE FOR MUET /
MAINSTREAM ENGLISH II
COURSE CODE
:
EXAMINATION
BEL260/250
OCTOBER 2008
TIME
:
3 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
1.
This question paper consists of two (2) parts :
PART A:
PART B:
(15 Questions)
(1 Question)
2.
Answer ALL questions from all two (2) parts in the Question Paper.
3.
Fill in the details below:
UiTM STUDENT CARD NO.
PROGRAMME/CODE
PART
ENGLISH LANGUAGE GROUP
NAME OF LECTURER
4.
Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the
invigilator.
5.
Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of:
(i) the Question Paper
DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO
This examination paper consists of 15 printed pages
© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA
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COFIDENTIAL
2
LG/OCT 2008/BEL260/250
PART A: READING COMPREHENSION (20 MARKS)
PASSAGE I (6 MARKS)
Read the passage and answer the questions that follow.
I
The sound is overwhelming. From every direction comes electric sounds of
insect life, a noise so significant that it seems to have a physical shape.
After a few moments, you realise that it is also multidimensional.
First,
there is a big sound, the sound of the forest as one, like an orchestra: jt is
actually composed of a million "little sounds". Close your eyes, and you will
5
hear the variety of sounds like chirps, squeaks, and flutters. Then, as your
ears adjust, you may hear other sounds like rubbings, warbles, clicks,
knocks, rattles, pop-pop and chirroop sounds, sounds that go on the whole
night.
The more you listen, the more you become convinced that the
variety of creatures singing in the night is endless.
II
10
If you had to give those entire sounds one name, it would be Taman
Negara. Malaysians simply call it "Green Heart," and it is Malaysia's oldest
national park.
It sprawls across the mountains and limestone hills of
Pahang, and within its boundaries is the world's oldest rainforest.
It is
home to more than 10,000 kinds of plants, 350 species of birds, and
15
countless other insects and animals including elephants, tapirs, mouse
deer and snakes and on a lucky day, you can even spot a shy jaguar or a
tiger. Most people who come to the park spend their days hiking the jungle
trails, river rafting, and fishing or visiting the impressive canopy walkway.
What many don't realise, however, is that Taman Negara truly comes alive
20
at night.
III
Walking through the jungle at night has often been compared to scuba
diving at night. The air is dense, the sky invisible, and the world of sight is
limited to the clumsy cut of your flashlight. Despite the "cacophony, finding
the insects and animals takes time. With 130 million years of evolution
25
behind them, the insects, plants and animals in Taman Negara have
developed highly specialised adaptations in order to survive. Many of them
© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA
CONFIDENTIAL
COFIDENTIAL
3
LG/OCT 2008/BEL260/250
have become masters of camouflage, especially the leaf and stick insects,
which are far more numerous than they appear.
They are virtually
indistinguishable from the plant parts their names are derived from.
30
However, by patiently probing the trees with torchlight you can usually spot
them.
IV
Far easier to see are the fireflies that flare constantly across the jungle
trails. Sometimes thousands of them congregate upon a single tree, and
light it up like a fairy city. Fireflies are not the only life forms in Taman
35
Negara that produce light. The park is also well-known for its luminous
moss and mushrooms.
After a downpour, they glow near the trails,
illuminating the night like ghostly green clouds.
V
No night walk in Taman Negara is complete without a visit to one of the
park's three hides, a place from which you can watch animals and birds
40
without being seen by them. These elevated huts are situated five minutes
away from the park headquarters, and they are perfect for viewing the
park's more dramatic creatures as they prowl out of the woods to enjoy salt
licks. The most frequent visitors to the licks are the deer and the tapir, but
elephants and tigers have also been known to surprise the die-hards who
45
stay up all nights. However, visitors need not worry since the hides are far
above the ground.
VI
Even if you see none of these wonders, the sound of the Green Heart
beating at night is more than enough reason to bring along a good
torchlight.
*cacophony - loud unpleasant mixture of sounds
Adapted from http//www.geographia.com/malavsia/nightforest.htm
© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA
CONFIDENTIAL
COFIDENTIAL
4
LG/OCT 2008/BEL260/250
QUESTION 1
What do the following words refer to?
i)
it (line 4)
:
ii)
They (line 29)
:
(1 mark)
QUESTION 2
Why are finding insects and animals in Taman Negara difficult at night? Give two reasons.
i)
ii)
(1 mark)
QUESTION 3
Write T in the spaces provided if the statement is TRUE and F if the statement is FALSE.
i)
The multidimensional sound in Taman Negara is overwhelming
and never ending.
ii)
Jaguars and tigers can be easily spotted in
the Green Heart.
iii)
All life forms in Taman Negara are masters of camouflage.
iv)
Fireflies, moss and mushrooms illuminate the night at Taman Negara
(2 marks)
QUESTION 4
What does the sentence "Despite the cacophony, finding the insects and animals takes time"
(line 24) mean?
(2 marks)
© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA
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LG/OCT 2008/BEL260/250
5
PASSAGE II (7 MARKS)
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
I
No one is taking the issue of price increases lightly and no country can
escape the global rise in the prices of food and other products. As for
Malaysians, they have no choice but have to find means to cope with this
situation. Consumers are beginning to change their lifestyle to adapt to the
changing environment.
Kamsiah Mansor has to rush home from her
5
RM1.000 paying administrative job to cook dinner for her lorry driver
husband and three school-going children. She has no other choice. Eating
out or food catering is too expensive now. As prices of food items such as
fish and vegetables have gone up, she has to make do with cheaper
alternatives such as chicken, kangkong and cucumber as opposed to fish,
10
cauliflower and kai Ian.
II
Other concerned consumers have also started to adopt a similar action to
tackle the price increase. They eat out less frequently as prices have gone
up by 30%. They are also concerned that the quality of food served at
restaurants might go down.
III
15
Universiti Putra Malaysia Associate Professor Dr Mirnalini Kandiah says
that eating at home has added benefits, even if it is a simple meal. Instead
of eating nasi lemak and nasi minyak which have added fats, Malaysians
should opt for simpler meals prepared at home, even if it is just rice,
sambal ikan bilis and stir-fried kangkong.
Energy-dense food like nasi
20
lemak and roti canai are generally unhealthy as they lack the necessary
nutrients.
Moreover, these foods are high in fat.
As such, she
recommends that families eat out less and instead prepare meals at home
with the right nutrient content. Malaysians should increase their intake of
vegetables and fruits and cheaper sources of protein such as soy-based
25
food and beans, to sustain energy levels and meet their energy needs.
They should cut down on rice meals because prices of rice could increase
© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA
CONFIDENTIAL
COFIDENTIAL
LG/OCT 2008/BEL260/250
6
due to current rice shortage. This can have serious implications for the
nutritional status of the poor population, whose main source of energy
comes from rice.
IV
30
Mirnalini also stresses that while rice consumption is not linked to being
overweight, reducing one's rice intake will help a person lose weight. This
is because the main source of energy in one's diet is reduced and
therefore, the body has less to store. It is important for people to make the
right choices as obesity in Malaysia is on an uptrend, similar to what is
35
happening in the rest of the world.
V
According to a survey conducted by the Malaysian Adults Nutrition Society,
obesity among adults is between 12 and 13 per cent. Subsequent reports
by the Health Ministry have shown similar results. One of the main causes
of obesity is the lack of physical activity. Over-consumption of food and
40
lack of physical activities result in obesity. Obesity can lead to various
other health problems and complications like high blood pressure,
diabetes, high cholesterol, heart related diseases and colon cancer.
Mirnalini suggests that families take a stroll around their neighbourhood
after a nutritious meal instead of sitting in front of their television.
50
Adapted from New Straits Times, April 2008
QUESTION 5
Give the meaning of the following words as used in passage II.
i)
adapt
(line 4)
ii) tackle
(line 13)
:
iii) sustain
(line 26)
:
iv) uptrend (line 35)
(2 marks)
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COFIDENTIAL
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LG/OCT 2008/BEL260/250
QUESTION 6
Circle the correct answer.
Kamsiah Mansor has to rush home to cook dinner for her family because
a) her husband asks her to do so.
b) she wants to control her family's food budget.
c) the children do not like eating out.
d) vegetables are becoming more expensive.
i)
a) and b)
ii)
a) and d)
iii)
b) and d)
iv)
all of the above
(1 mark)
QUESTION 7
The following statements are true according to Dr Mirnalini Kandiah except
i)
Meals prepared at home are cheaper and more nutritious,
ii) Energy-dense food lacks the necessary nutrients,
iii) Malaysians should prepare their favorite meals at home,
iv) Soy-based food is more nutritious than nasi lemak.
(1 mark)
QUESTION 8
Dr Mirnalini Kandiah suggests that families take a stroll after a meal. We can infer from her
suggestion that most families
i)
are afraid to go for strolls.
ii) have no time to exercise.
iii) spend too much time watching television.
iv) do not exercise after a meal.
(1 mark)
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COFIDENTIAL
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LG/OCT 2008/BEL260/250
QUESTION 9
"....while rice consumption is not linked to being overweight...." (line 30) means
i)
Eating rice is not the main cause of obesity,
ii) Rice consumption can increase calorie intake,
iii) Eating rice can make someone gain weight,
iv) Rice intake determines an increase in weight.
(1 mark)
QUESTION 10
The following statements are false except
i)
Physical exercises are important to overcome weight problems,
ii)
Living in urban areas makes people exercise more,
iii)
Obesity does not lead to serious health problems,
iv)
Families do workouts after a nutritious meal.
(1 mark)
© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA
CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
LG/OCT 2008/BEL260/250
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PASSAGE III (7 MARKS)
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
I
Today violent influences surround children. What can adults do to ensure
that children do not become bullies, nor become victims of bullies
themselves?
II
Research, first undertaken in 1980 in Norway by Dan Olweus has shown
that the traditional disciplinary approach does not deter bullying behaviour.
5
During the past two decades great success is being achieved with nonreactionary approaches to bullying. Studies since the first undertaken in
1980 by Olweus and furthered by Susan Limber show that if a child's
resiliency is increased, the likelihood of that child engaging in anti-social
behaviours,
such
as
bullying, is greatly
decreased.
Anti-bullying
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programmes today are based on character and confidence building for all
children.
III
The purpose of pro-active resiliency training is to challenge children at a
deeper level.
Each child's natural strengths are developed in order to
increase core confidence.
A confident child is less likely to bully or be
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victimised by a bully. Anti-bullying programmes also stress the importance
of positive relationships with adults in relation to a child's healthy social
development. Spending purposeful quality time connecting with a child is
the best way to build a child's social skills and resilience.
IV
Children are modellers. They mimic what they see, rather than what they
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hear. If a child does not have an adult to mimic, the child will mimic the
behaviour of other children and youth. Bullies are looking for attention,
acceptance and quite often love. They manifest their need for affection by
mimicking how they see themselves as being treated, especially by the
adults in their lives. There are several things parents can do to demonstrate
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their affection. Firstly, despite their busy schedules they should block off
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time to be a parent or mentor. Next, it is advisable for them to turn off their
mobile phones. Children need to know that they are important in their
parents' lives. In addition, the human connection needs to be kept strong.
All adults, especially parents, are encouraged to pay attention to online
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activities of youths, get to know their friends, sit down and watch TV with
them. Children obtain their value systems from their parents and other
adults in their lives. Children who have a strong sense of who they are
backed by a strong set of human values do not become bullies.
V
Under the guidance of a trained facilitator, anti-bullying programmes provide 35
children with the tools, skills and confidence to diffuse bullying. As noted by
Olweus and Limber, a large percentage of bullying occurs with an audience.
There are usually two or three children who cheer the bully on, but there is
also a much larger group of bystanders who watch. A bully interprets the
audience's silence as encouragement and approval. Though the silent
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bystanders are most likely appalled by what is happening; their silence is
interpreted by the bully as acceptance. A resilient child has the confidence
to stand up and say, 'No. Bullying is wrong.' Quite often that is all it takes to
discourage a potential bully.
VI
There are several school bullying prevention programmes that can be 45
adapted to meet the needs of individual communities. Heroes Among Us
and Virtues are two such programmes. The success of these programmes
requires the strong support of the entire school community and parents.
Adapted from 'Bully Proofing Children: Successful Bullying Prevention Based On Resilience
Building' by Laurie Hodges Humble, April 2008
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QUESTION 11
Give the meanings of the words as used in the passage.
i) engaging
(line 9)
ii) mimic
(line 21)
iii) backed by
(line 34)
iv) interpreted
(line 42)
(2 marks)
QUESTION 12
The following statements are true except
i)
The first study on bullying behaviour found that the traditional disciplinary approach does
not discourage bullying behaviour,
ii)
Pro-active resiliency training programmes stress the importance of positive relationships
with adults in relation to a child's healthy social development,
iii) Parents should pay attention to their children's activities, and provide them with the skills
and confidence to diffuse bullying,
iv) The school community and parents should organise school bullying prevention
programmes.
(1 mark)
QUESTION 13
Based on the passage, we can infer all of the following except
i)
lack of attention given by parents is one of the main reasons of bullying among youths.
ii) bullies need attention, acceptance and quite often love.
iii) children learn their value systems from their parents, teachers and other adults in their
lives,
iv) Heroes Among Us and Virtues are the only two school bullying prevention programmes
that can be adapted to meet the need of individual communities.
(1 mark)
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QUESTION 14
To prevent bullying, parents should
i)
spend their time by being a mentor to their children.
ii) know that they are important in someone's life.
iii) sit down and watch TV with their children and their children's friends.
iv) provide children with the tools, skills and confidence to prevent.
(1 mark)
QUESTION 15
"... if a child's resiliency is increased, the likelihood of that child engaging in anti-social
behaviour, such as bullying, is greatly decreased " in line 8 means:
(2 marks)
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PART B: WRITING (20 MARKS)
QUESTION 1
Students nowadays have become better learners with the help of technology. Give your
opinion. You should write at least 350 words.
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(20 marks)
END OF QUESTION PAPER
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