Module 6 – Working as a Tour Guide
The Indonesian Way
6
Module 6 – Working as a Tour Guide
George Quinn & Uli Kozok
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“The Indonesian Way” by George Quinn and Uli Kozok is licensed under a Creative Commons
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Date of Last Revision: 13 February 2015
The development of “The Indonesian Way” was sponsored by grant P017A090375-10 from the US Department of
Education, International Research and Studies Program.
The development of the print version was made possible by a grant received from the University of Tasmania.
Module 6
Working as a Tour Guide
The basic aim of Module 6 is to provide you with the vocabulary, grammatical resources and
sentence shells that will enable you to talk descriptively about the history and characteristics of
places. “Characteristics” includes weather and location, as well as the relative merits of places.
The module will also help you further consolidate the skill of stringing sentences together into extended narratives, with emphasis on simple forms of public speaking.
There is special emphasis in the Module on developing mastery of the passive-voice form of
the Indonesian verb. You will also learn how to express the superlative degree of comparison. You
will continue to get practice in expressing opinions and preferences. The Module also provides
some basic information about traditional medicines, the history of Jakarta and places of interest in
the centre of Jakarta.
You will learn how to deliver a lecture on the history of Jakarta, and in the culminating role play
you will discuss places of interest in central Jakarta and in the town where you live.
Lesson 77
77 Mata Angin
Aims
• To introduce and practise using the terms for the points of the compass.
Vocabulary Review
Here are some of the frequent words used in this lesson that have appeared in previous lessons. Make sure that you remember their meanings.
bandar udara
airport
luas
wide
barat
west
panas
hot
cuaca
weather
permisi
excuse me
daerah
region
pindah
move
di antara
between
pulau
island
di antaranya
such as
sedikit
a little
di sebelah
next to
selatan
south
hutan
forest, jungle
taman
park
lapangan
field, court
terletak
be situated
The Points of the Compass
Here are the main points of the compass (mata angin) in Indonesian. These terms can be attached to the names of
places:
Asia Tenggara
South East Asia
Amerika Selatan
South America
Jakarta Barat
West Jakarta
Laut Utara
North Sea
To say, “in the north / south / east / west of...” that is, in the
northern /southern/ eastern / western part of a region, usually
the word kawasan (region) or sometimes bagian (part) are used
followed by the term for the point of the compass. Study these
examples.
Lesson 77
Iklim cukup panas di kawasan utara Australia.
The climate is pretty hot in the north of Australia.
Di kawasan timur Kanada ada beberapa kota besar.
In the eastern region Canada there are several big cities.
Di Sumatra bagian utara masih ada hutan yang luas.
There are still extensive forests in the north of Sumatra.
Baru-baru ini di kawasan selatan Italia cuaca agak dingin.
In the southern region of Italy recently the weather has been rather cold.
To say “to the north/south/east/west of...”usually the term di sebelah... is used followed by the
term for the point of the compass. Here are a few examples.
Papua Niugini terletak di sebelah utara Australia dan di sebelah timur Indonesia.
Papua New Guinea is situated to the north of Australia and to the east of
Indonesia.
Kota Canberra terletak kira-kira 300 kilometer di sebelah barat daya Sydney.
The city of Canberra is situated about 300 kilometres to the south-west of
Sydney.
Selandia Baru terletak di sebelah tenggara Australia.
New Zealand is situated to the south-east of Australia.
Di sebelah barat daerah Banten, di antara Jawa dan Sumatera, ada beberapa
pulau kecil, di antaranya pulau Krakatau yang terkenal.
To the west of the Banten region, between Java and Sumatra, there are
several small islands, among them the famous island of Krakatoa.
Cara Indonesia: Points of the Compass in Everyday Life
In some parts of Indonesia people use the points of the compass in everyday life
to orient themselves and indicate direction. This is especially the case in the
Javanese heartland around Yogyakarta and Solo in the centre of the island of Java.
Here it is not at all unusual to hear people say things like Rumah Pak Kuncoro di sebelah barat rumah saya (Mr Kuncoro’s house is to the west of my place). In English
we would probably say something like “Mr Kuncoro’s house is just down the street
from my place” or “Mr Kuncoro’s house is to the right of my place.” If you are sitting
in a bus or bemo and someone wants you to make room so they can sit down beside you, don’t be surprised if they say something like Permisi, bisa pindah ke timur sedikit? (Excuse me, could you move east a little?). When someone really “loses the plot”, behaving inappropriately or unpredictably, Javanese say that the person tidak mengerti utara selatan (doesn’t know
where north or south is).
How do people know where north, south, east and west are if they don’t have a compass?
Well, they are closely integrated into their surrounding landscape, and there are all sorts of signs
in that landscape that tell them instantly and pretty accurately where north, south, east and west
are. For example, mosques always face due west (Muslims pray towards Mecca which is in the
west). Graves are aligned north-south so that their occupants can lie comfortably on their sides
facing Mecca. Traditional houses were (and are) aligned north-south, as were government offices
in the old centres of villages and towns. The traditional town square (alun-alun) that is still the living heart of most district towns in Java is also oriented north-south. And, of course, because Indonesia is close to the equator the sun rises pretty much due east and sets due west (it doesn’t
shift up and down the horizon in the course of the year as happens in countries in the world’s
Lesson 77
northern and southern latitudes). People grow up with these signs and are aware of them almost
unconsciously.
Exercise 77-01
Look closely at this map of Central Jakarta. Note that Jl. stands for Jalan (Street).
In good, simple Indonesian, and referring to the map above, answer these questions about the
location of places in Jakarta. Follow this pattern: first state the general area where the place is
located (use Medan Merdeka, the large square with the Monumen Nasional in the middle, as reference point, e.g. di sebelah utara Medan Merdeka, then state where the place is in relation to
another place (use di sebelah followed by a point of the compass), then give the name of a
place that is near by (use di dekat or tidak jauh dari followed by the name of a place). Study these
examples first.
Lesson 77
Pertanyaan: Di mana Rumah Sakit Bersalin Angkasa?
Jawaban: Rumah Sakit Bersalin Angkasa di Jalan Majapahit, di sebelah Timur
Lapangan Merdeka, tidak jauh dari Milenium Hotel Sirih.
Pertanyaan: Di mana Jl. Pintu Air 4?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Jawaban: Jl. Pintu Air 4 di sebelah selatan Pintu Air 5, di dekat Stasiun Juanda.
Di mana Monumen Nasional?
Di mana Masjid Cut Mutia?
Di mana SDS Kristen II Bpk Penabur?
Di mana Museum Taman Prasasti?
Di mana Istana Merdeka?
Di mana Hotel Borobudur Jakarta?
Di mana Gereja Katedral Jakarta?
Di mana Gedung Kesenian Jakarta?
Di mana Jl. Ir. H. Juanda?
Di mana Rumah Sakit Jiwa Dharma Sakti?
Saying Where a Place is Located (Javanese Style)
Following the pattern in Exercise 77-01 and working with your teacher/tutor or a fellow student,
ask and answer questions about the location of places, streets, buildings, shops, landmarks etc.
in your own vicinity. Answers should make use of utara, selatan, timur and barat (and maybe even
tenggara, barat daya, barat laut and timur laut), so make sure you know where places in your
neighbourhood are located relative to the points of the compass. There are two main kinds of
question you can ask, di mana questions and apakah questions.
Di mana Toko David Jones?
Where is David Jones’ Store?
Apakah Gedung Shell di sebelah utara atau selatan Jalan Wattle?
Is the Shell Building to the north or south of Wattle Street?
Eh, Sarah, rumahmu di mana sih?
Hey, Sarah, where’s your place, eh?
John, kamu tinggal di kawasan barat kota apa di sebelah timur?
John, do you live in the western part of town, or to the east?
As always, your answers should be as detailed as possible and should be accompanied by follow-up questions that trigger an extended conversation.
When you feel you can do this fluently, correctly and with authentic detail, try this somewhat
stranger, more “Javanese” exercise.
If you are in a classroom, look around you. Do you know where north, south, east and west
are? Going from person to person in your class/group and using the verb duduk (to sit), have each
person say short Indonesian phrases that describe where the other people in the group are sitting.
Use points of the compass, but add other prepositions of place too: di samping, di depan, di belakang, di dekat and agak jauh dari. Your round-robin of phrases might sound something like this:
Kim duduk di sebelah utara Peter, di belakang Taeko.
Taeko duduk agak jauh dari Don, di sebelah selatan Ainun.
Lesson 77
Ainun duduk di sebelah timur Hassan, di samping Alan.
...and so on.
See how often you can repeat these sequences of phrases with variations in the names of
places, the names of people and the prepositions of place that you use.
Latihan 1—Kosa Kata Lalu
Jodohkan kata-kata di sebelah kiri dengan terjemahannya di sebelah kanan.
bandar udara
including
luas
a little bit
lapangan
forest
panas
field
cuaca
on one side of
permisi
island
daerah
airport
pindah
to shift, to move
di antara
region
pulau
hot
di antaranya
excuse me
sedikit
big, broad
di sebelah
weather
terletak
park, garden
hutan
between
taman
located, sited
Latihan 2—Menjodohkan: Mata Angin
Jodohkan kata di kolom kiri dengan artinya di kolom kanan
timur
north
timur laut
north-west
selatan
north-east
tenggara
south-west
barat daya
east
barat laut
west
utara
south
barat
south-east
Latihan 3—Menyimak
Listen to Sound File 077-01. You will hear five questions. For each of the five
questions, an answer is provided in the right column of the following table. Select
the order of the answers as they appear in the sound file.
1.
a. Kecamatan itu terletak di Jakarta.
2.
b. Perubahan iklim terjadi di beberapa kawasan Indonesia baru-baru ini.
3.
c. Pulau itu di sebelah barat daerah Banten, di antara Jawa dan Sumatra.
4.
d. Indonesia mempunyai iklim tropis.
5.
e. Saya tahu. Kecamatan itu ada di kawasan Jakarta Barat.
Lesson 77
Latihan 4—Pemahaman
Refer to the passage to answer the following questions.
Kampung Saya
S
aya tinggal di Desa Sukamaju, Kecamatan Bogor Raya. Desa ini ada di kawasan Jawa
Barat. Desa ini indah sekali. Saya mempunyai rumah yang cukup besar di sini. Di sebelah utara rumah saya ada Gunung Salak yang tinggi sekali. Setiap pagi saya bisa melihat gunung itu dari jendela kamar saya. Di sebelah barat daya, ada sawah yang luas sekali. Banyak
petani di sawah itu. Mereka bekerja hampir setiap hari. Di selatan rumah saya, ada sungai
yang cukup besar. Anak-anak kecil suka berenang di sana. Airnya dingin sekali. Waktu saya
masih kecil, saya juga suka berenang di sungai itu. Sekarang, saya hanya suka berjalan-jalan
di tepi sungai setiap sore.
1. Where does the writer live? Select all that apply
A. Bogor
B. Desa Sukamaju
C. Gunung Salak
D. Sungai Ciliwung
2. How does the writer describe his house?
A. Very small
B. Quite small
C. Not too small
D. Extremely small
3. Where is Gunung Salak located?
A. South of his house
B. South west of his house
C. North west of his house
D. North of his house
4. Where is the rice field located?
A. North of his house
B. South of his house
C. South west of his house
D. North west of his house
5. How does the writer describe the rice field?
A. It is small but many farmers work there.
B. It is big but not many farmers work there.
C. It is big and lots of farmers work there.
D. It is small and only a few farmers work there.
6. What is to the south of his house?
A. Mountain
B. River
C. Rice field
D. Street
7. Does the writer like swimming in the river?
Lesson 77
A.
B.
C.
D.
No, because he is not a child anymore.
No, because the water is so cold.
No, because the there are too many children swimming there.
No, because the water is polluted.
8. What does the writer like to do every afternoon?
A. Cultivating rice
B. Swimming in the river
C. Reading a book
D. Walking around
Latihan 5—Isian
Dengarkan Rekaman 077-02 dan lengkapi teks berikut:
Saya tinggal di Desa Sukamaju, _________Bogor Raya. Desa ini ada di _________
Jawa Barat. Desa ini indah sekali. Saya _________ rumah yang cukup besar di sini. Di
sebelah _________ rumah saya ada Gunung Salak yang _________ sekali. Setiap pagi
saya bisa melihat _________ itu dari jendela kamar saya. Di sebelah _________, ada sawah yang luas sekali. Banyak petani di _________ itu. Mereka bekerja hampir setiap hari.
Di _________ rumah saya, ada sungai yang cukup besar. _________ kecil suka berenang
di sana. Airnya dingin sekali. Waktu saya _________ kecil, saya juga suka berenang di
sungai itu. _________, saya hanya suka berjalan-jalan di _________ sungai setiap sore.
Latihan 6—Jawab Singkat
Write the English equivalents of the following place/country names.
1. Korea Utara
.......................................................................................
2. Timor Timur
.......................................................................................
3. Eropa Barat
.......................................................................................
4. Asia Timur
.......................................................................................
5. Tepi Barat (Palestina)
.......................................................................................
6. Pulau Utara (Selandia Baru)
.......................................................................................
7. Afrika Selatan
.......................................................................................
8. Jawa Timur
.......................................................................................
9. Kalimantan Selatan
.......................................................................................
10. Sulawesi Tenggara
.......................................................................................
Lesson 77
Latihan 7—Rangkai Kata
Urutkan kata-kata di bawah ini menjadi kalimat yang benar sesuai dengan arti:
1. “The climate is rather hot in the eastern part of Indonesia.”
Iklim—di—cukup—panas—timur—kawasan—Indonesia.
2. “France is situated in the western Europe.”
Negara—di—ada—Eropa—Prancis—Barat.
3. “New Zealand is situated to the south-east of Australia.”
Selandia Baru—tenggara—terletak—sebelah—di—Australia.
4. “To the west of the Banten region there are several well-known islands.”
Di—yang—beberapa—daerah Banten—ada—pulau—sebelah—barat—terkenal.
5. “Do you live in the western or eastern part of town?”
Kamu—tinggal—atau—barat—timur—di—kawasan—kota?
Latihan 8—Pengetahuan Geografi Anda
If your knowledge of geography is less than perfect you may need to consult an atlas.
1. Sri Lanka terletak di ... India.
A. sebelah selatan
B. sebelah barat
2. Tasmania terletak di ... kota Melbourne.
A. sebelah selatan
B. bagian selatan
3. Di bagian ... Nepal ada gunung-gunung, di antaranya gunung Everest.
A. selatan
B. utara
4. Di ... kota Rio de Janeiro ada hutan yang luas dan indah, hutan Amazon namanya.
A. sebelah timur
B. sebelah barat
5. Moskwa terletak di kawasan ... Rusia.
A. barat
B. timur
6. Bali terletak di ... pulau Jawa.
A. sebelah timur
B. kawasan timur
7. Provinsi Papua di ... pulau Papua.
A. bagian barat
B. bagian timur
Lesson 77
8. Indonesia terletak di ...
A. Asia Tenggara
B. Asia Timur
9. Pulau Mindanao di kawasan ... Filipina.
A. Utara
B. selatan
10. Vietnam terletak di ... Republik Rakyat Cina.
A. sebelah barat
B. sebelah selatan
Latihan 9—Teka Teki Silang (TTS)
Mendatar:
5.
famous
7.
south
10. situated
11. cold
13. region
15. forest
16. east
18. west
20. island
21. weather
22. sub-district
Menurun:
1.
side
2.
several
3.
hot
4.
head of a subdistrict
6.
mountain
8.
village
9.
south-east
12. climate
14. river
17. north
19. rather
Lesson 78
78 Iklim dan Cuaca
Aims
• To practise talking about climate and weather conditions.
Vocabulary Review
Here are some of the frequent words used in this lesson that
have appeared in previous lessons. Make sure that you remember their meanings.
Sesudah Banjir. Jakarta 2007This work by Hendra
is licensed under a Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic License
agak
rather, a bit
khusus
special
bagaimana
how
iklim
climate
besok
tomorrow
kemarin
yesterday
bulan
month, moon
memang
indeed
cuaca
weather
pada
in, at
danau
lake
panas
hot
dingin
cold
para
plural marker for people
enak
delicious, comfy
pulau
island
gunung
mountain
suka
like
jelek
ugly, bad
untuk
for
katanya
it is said that
utara
north
kawasan
area, district
Seasons
The warm waters of Indonesia ensure that the land temperatures remain fairly constant with
very little variation from season to season. Indonesia hence has no summer (musim panas) and
also no winter (musim dingin). Indonesia also experiences relatively little change in the length of
daylight hours; the difference between the longest and the shortest day is less than an hour.
Therefore Indonesia also does not know either spring (musim semi) not autumn (musim gugur).
The main variable of Indonesia’s climate is not temperature or air pressure, but rainfall resulting in
a rainy season (musim hujan) which usually occurs between June and October and a dry season
(musim kemarau) between November and March. The monsoon winds are moderate and tropical
storms are extremely seldom. Especially in eastern Indonesia the differences between the rainy
Lesson 78
and the dry season is extreme while in Sumatra or Kalimantan the rainy season is just slightly wetter than the dry season.
Iklim di kota Padang (Sumatra Barat)
Bulan
Jan Feb Mar Apr Mei Jun
Jul Agu Sep Okt Nov Des Tahun
Suhu Maks °C
30
30
30
30
30
30
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
Suhu Min °C
24
24
24
24
24
23
23
23
23
24
23
24
24
Curah Hujan mm 340 250 300 370 300 270 270 320 380 480 510 460
4290
Iklim di kota Surabaya (Jawa Timur)
Bulan
Jan Feb Mar Apr Mei Jun
Jul Agu Sep Okt Nov Des Tahun
Suhu Maks °C
32
32
32
31
32
31
31
30
33
33
33
32
32
Suhu Min °C
24
24
24
25
24
24
23
23
23
24
24
24
24
Curah Hujan mm 327 275 283 181 159 101
22
15
17
47
105 219
1750
Discussing the Weather / Climate
The Indonesian word for climate is iklim. The word cuaca is usually used
like the English “weather” to talk about a particular situation on a certain day.
Like the English words “climate” and “weather”, iklim and cuaca also quite often overlap in meaning.
When you talk about the weather in English you often use the word “it”.
For example:
It is raining.
It is dry in Bangkok.
How cold is it today?
“It” in these sentences is often called an “expletive” or “false subject” because it doesn’t seem
to stand for anything semantically identifiable. Rather it serves the purely grammatical function of
“getting the sentence going” by filling a slot in the sentence where you would normally expect a
subject to be.
In Indonesian there is no false subject, so you can say:
Hujan.
It is raining.
Kering di Bangkok.
It is dry in Bangkok.
Sudah terang.
It has stopped raining (literally: “already clear”).
Kemarin panas di sini.
It was hot here yesterday.
The question word bagaimana (what is _____ like?) can be used to ask about climate and
weather. Study these examples:
Lesson 78
Bagaimana iklim di Kalimantan?
What is the climate like in Kalimantan?
Bagaimana cuaca kemarin?
What was the weather like yesterday?
Bagaimana cuaca besok?
What will the weather be like tomorrow?
Bagaimana cuaca di Tokyo pada musim dingin?
What’s the weather like in Tokyo in winter?
Bagaimana cuacanya? Panas atau hujan?
How is the weather? Is it sunny or is it raining?
Note that the word panas (hot) is often used to refer to sunny weather regardless of the actual
temperature. The official terminology used by the Badan Meteorologi dan Geofisika, the Indonesian National Weather Service, is:
Study these substitution tables and practise generating sentences from them. Although it is not
always easy to do when working with substitution tables, as you say each sentence try to imagine
a particular conversation or situation in which you might say that sentence. In other words, try to
avoid generating the sentences merely mechanically, without an imaginable context.
Bagaimana iklim di
Indonesia
Australia Barat
pulau Lombok
pulau selatan Selandia Baru ?
Timor Timur
Tasmania
Amerika Utara
Lembab.
Panas sekali.
Sering hujan.
Cukup kering.
Dingin sekali.
Cukup baik.
Agak panas.
hujan
kota Darwin
dingin
provinsi Jawa Barat
pada musim
panas
kota Ambon
kemarau
Bagaimana cuaca di pulau utara Selandia Baru ---------------------------------- ?
Indonesia
Agustus
Australia Selatan
pada bulan
Juli
Afrika Timur
Desember
Lesson 78
Bagaimana cuaca
tadi malam
hari Rabu yang lalu
kemarin
hari ini
nanti malam
besok malam
hari Sabtu yang akan datang
Mendung
Cerah
Jelek
Berawan
Dingin
Panas dan lembab
Berangin
?
Exercise 78-01
Each of the sentences in the dialogue below requires you to make choices between two or
more possibilities. Within the context of each sentence, all the choices are right choices: there are
no wrong options. But when you look at the dialogue as a whole some choices may be better
than others. To put it another way, each choice you make should follow logically from the choice
you made in the previous sentence, so that the dialogue is not just a sequence of random sentences, but hangs together and makes sense as a coherent conversation. Bearing this in mind,
write out a coherent dialogue generated from the 10 sentences below.
1
Apakah Ibu
suka
tidak suka
cuaca di
Indonesia
Canberra ?
London
2 Suka.
Tidak suka.
3.
Mengapa? Bagaimana cuaca di sana pada bulan
4.
Wah! Cuaca di sana pada bulan itu
bagus
jelek
enak
sekali.
O ya? Apakah cuaca pada bulan itu
dingin
panas
kering
?
5.
6.
Agustus
Januari
September
Indonesia
Ya. Saya lebih suka cuaca di Canberra
London
7.
O begitu. Apakah cuaca di
daripada di
Selandia Baru
Darwin
Amerika Serikat
lebih
8.
Biasanya. Tetapi kadang-kadang cuaca di sana agak
?
Indonesia
Canberra .
London
dingin
panas
kering
dingin
panas
kering
?
juga .
Lesson 78
9.
Oktober
berangin.
O begitu. Katanya cuaca di sana pada bulan Juni
juga cukup banyak hujan.
Februari
berawan.
10. Memang
Kadang-kadang .
Biasanya tidak
Dialogue
Listen to Sound File 078-01—a dialogue between Andri and Ria, discussing the city
where they live. Pay attention to the vocabulary of weather and climate which are used in
this conversation. Consult the vocabulary list if you encounter any difficulties. When you
have finished, do Latihan 3–4.
Nur
Andri
Di mana Anda tinggal?
Saya tinggal di Surabaya
Bagaimana cuaca di sana?
Di Surabaya betul-betul panas.
Cuacanya bisa mencapai lebih dari tiga
puluh enam derajat Celsius.
Wah, panas sekali!
Ya memang. Anda tinggal di mana?
Saya tinggal di Bandung.
Bagaimana cuaca di Bandung? Apakah
di sana dingin?
Ya, udaranya dingin di malam hari.
Suhunya kira-kira delapan belas derajat
Celsius. Bagaimana dengan Surabaya?
Surabaya sama sekali tidak dingin pada
malam hari. Di sana juga jarang hujan.
Saya tidak suka cuaca Surabaya.
Apa Anda ingin pindah ke Bandung?
Ya, saya rasa. Saya suka cuaca di
Bandung.
Role Play: Ramalan Cuaca di Televisi
Here is the text of a television Weather Forecast (Prakiraan Cuaca or Ramalan Cuaca). Read it
through carefully first, checking that you know all the words. (Check the vocabulary cards in this
lesson to familiarise yourself with words you don’t know.)
S
elamat malam para pemirsa. Inilah ramalan cuaca untuk pulau Sulawesi untuk besok
tanggal tiga puluh Agustus tahun dua ribu sepuluh. Di kawasan Sulawesi Utara cerah
dengan suhu 24 sampai 30 derajat Celsius. Untuk kawasan Sulawesi Selatan cuaca lembab
dan berawan dengan suhu 25 sampai 31 derajat Celsius. Khusus untuk kota Makassar hujan deras dengan petir dan suhu antara 26 sampai 33 derajat Celsius. Sekian ramalan cuaca
untuk besok. Selamat malam.
Lesson 78
This weather forecast can be tailored to different places, dates and weather conditions. Here it
is again, with the things that can be changed highlighted in italics.
S
elamat malam para pemirsa. Inilah ramalan cuaca untuk Pulau Sulawesi untuk besok
tanggal tiga puluh Agustus tahun dua ribu sepuluh. Di kawasan Sulawesi Utara cerah dengan suhu 24 sampai 30 derajat Celsius. Untuk kawasan Sulawesi Selatan cuaca lembab dan
berawan dengan suhu 25 sampai 31 derajat Celsius. Khusus untuk kota Makassar hujan deras dengan petir dan suhu antara 26 sampai 33 derajat Celsius. Sekian ramalan cuaca untuk
besok. Selamat malam.
Practise saying this weather forecast out loud replacing the highlighted parts of it so that the
forecast fits with the weather where you are now.
Using a computer or felt-tip pen, write out the forecast on a big prompt card. Get a large wall
map that shows the area where you live. Standing in front of the wall map (maybe holding a pointer), pretend that you are a glitzy TV personality and present the weather forecast “on camera”.
Run through the forecast several times until you can present it fluently and correctly without referring too much to the “prompt card” you have prepared.
Flesh out the forecast you have been practising with one or two items of comment on people
and/or places. With a video camera, record weather forecasts with your teacher/tutor or classmates. The prompt card can be held up next to the camera, but remember that a good TV
presenter looks straight into the camera as he/she talks and does not glance shiftily back and
forth between prompt card and camera. Replay the recordings to judge who has the best television presence (and whose Indonesian is most correct, smooth and authentic).
Minta Perhatian!!
Three nations have not officially adopted the International System of Units as their
primary or sole system of measurement: Burma, Liberia, and the United States. If
you are from one of those countries you need to familiarise yourself with the
International System of Units (SI) because nobody in Indonesia, and in fact
anywhere outside those three countries, will understand you if you tell someone that
the temperature is 84 degrees Fahrenheit. Likewise, don’t expect people to
understand what an ounce, a yard, or a gallon is. You may need to use a metric converter.
Lesson 78
Latihan 1—Kosa Kata Lalu
Jodohkan kata-kata di sebelah kiri dengan terjemahannya di sebelah kanan.
agak
bad, ugly
khusus
climate
bagaimana
clear
kemarin
dry
besok
cloudy
memang
dry season
danau
cold
suka
for
dingin
good, pleasant
musim dingin
hot
bulan
how
para
indeed
cuaca
humid
musim panas
island
enak
lake
pada
like, enjoy
gunung
month, moon
untuk
north
jelek
mountain
utara
on, at, in
katanya
people say that...
iklim
plural marker
kawasan
rainy season
musim kemarau
rain,rainy
lembab
rather
hujan
special, in particular
terang
region, district
pulau
summer
musim hujan
tomorrow
panas
winter
berawan
weather
kering
yesterday
Latihan 2—Menyimak
Listen to Sound File 078-01. You will hear ten questions. For each of the ten questions, an
answer is provided in the right column of the following table. Select the order of the answers
as they appear in the sound file.
1.
a. Kemarin di gunung-gunung cuacanya hujan deras disertai petir.
2.
b. Di Singapura biasanya cuacanya berawan pada bulan Januari.
3.
c. Pada musim hujan iklimnya kadang-kadang lembab.
4.
d. Iklim di Australia Utara panas.
5.
e. Pada bulan Januari biasanya dingin sekali.
6.
f. Biasanya cuacanya berawan pada bulan Februari.
7.
g. Tidak, saya tidak suka karena selalu hujan.
8.
h. Sebaiknya jangan pergi besok karena besok akan hujan deras dengan
petir.
9.
i. Besok saya kira cuacanya akan berawan dan hujan.
10.
j. Iklim di Selandia Baru biasanya berawan.
Lesson 78
Latihan 3—Pemahaman
Jawablah pertanyaan berikut sesuai dengan Rekaman 078-02.
1. In what city does the woman live?
A. Singapore
B. Surabaya
C. Semarang
D. Surakarta
2. How does the woman describe the city where she lives?
A. Very cold
B. Rather hot
C. A little bit cold
D. Extremely hot
3. How hot does it get there?
A. The average daily mean is 36 degrees Celcius.
B. It is usually above 36 degrees Celcius.
C. It never reaches above 36 degrees Celcius.
D. It is usually below 36 degrees Celcius.
4. Where does the man live?
..............................................................
5. How does he describe the weather?
A. It is always cold, night and day.
B. It is always cold at daylight.
C. It is cold at night.
D. It is very hot at daylight.
6. It’s rather hot at night time.
A. True
B. False
7. What is the night temperature in Bandung? (Answer in Indonesian!)
.......................................................................................................................................
8. What is the expression for “rarely” in Indonesian?
.....................................................
9. Does the woman want to move to Bandung?
A. No, because she does not like cold weather.
B. Yes, because she likes cool weather.
C. No, because she loves the weather in Surabaya.
D. Yes, because she loves the rain.
Lesson 78
Latihan 4—Isian
Lengkapi teks berikut dengan memilih kata yang tepat: bagaimana—betul-betul—Celcius—
cuaca—derajat—jarang—memang—pindah—rasa—sama sekali—sekali—suhu—tinggal
Nur
Andri
Di mana Anda tinggal?
Saya _________ di Surabaya.
Bagaimana __________ di sana?
Di Surabaya __________ panas!
Cuacanya bisa mencapai lebih dari tiga
puluh enam __________ Celcius.
Wah, panas ____________!
Ya, _________. Anda tinggal di mana?
Saya tinggal di Bandung.
___________ cuaca di Bandung?
Ya, udaranya dingin di malam hari.
_________nya kira-kira delapan belas
derajat _________. Bagaimana dengan
Surabaya?
Surabaya ______ tidak dingin pada
malam hari. Di sana juga _________
hujan. Saya tidak suka cuaca di
Surabaya.
Apa Anda ingin _________ ke Bandung?
Ya, saya _________. Saya suka cuaca di
Bandung.
Latihan 5—Iklim dan Cuaca
Choose the correct translation.
1. Too bad it will be raining tomorrow. We won’t be able to go to the park.
A. cerah
B. mendung
C. hujan
D. berawan
2. It’s very dry here in the mountain.
A. hujan
B. panas
C. kering
A. basah
3. Look! The sun is shining! Let’s dry the clothes!
A. mendung
B. terang
C. berawan
D. kering
Lesson 78
4. It is very hot in Arizona!
A. panas
B. hujan
C. kering
D. basah
5. It’s overcast. Don’t forget to bring your umbrella, just in case.
A. hujan
B. mendung
C. berawan
D. panas
6. It’s very bright outside! I better get my sunglasses.
A. panas
B. berawan
C. kering
D. cerah
7. It’s cloudy today so I think I will just stay at home.
A. mendung
B. hujan
C. basah
D. berawan
Latihan 6—Rangkai Kata
Urutkan kata-kata di bawah ini menjadi kalimat yang benar sesuai dengan arti:
1. “What was the weather like in Manado yesterday?”
Bagaimana—cuaca—Manado—di—kemarin?
2. “What is the temperature like in East Timor in August?”
Bagaimana—Timor Timur—pada—di—bulan—suhu—Agustus?
3. “People say that Bogor is rather cloudy in December.”
Katanya—bulan—berawan—agak—pada—Bogor—Desember.
4. “I think the weather tonight will be rather cold.”
Saya—ini—agak—kira—malam—cuaca—dingin.
5. “I do not like the weather in Jakarta because it is very hot and humid.”
Saya—udara—di—sangat—karena—dan—tidak—panas—suka—Jakarta—
lembab.
Lesson 78
Latihan 7—Teka Teki Silang (TTS)
Mendatar:
1.
temperature
4.
season
5.
climate
8.
yesterday
10. bright
13. humid
15. that’s all
16. this is..., here is...
Menurun:
1.
to like, enjoy
2.
rain
3.
normally, usually
6.
indeed
7.
plural marker (for
humans)
9.
dry
11. cloudy
12. very (not sangat)
14. tomorrow
Lesson 79
79 Yang Mana Yang Lebih... ?
Aims
• To provide practice using the interrogative pronoun yang mana.
• To practise forming noun phrases with yang.
Vocabulary Review
Here are some of the frequent words used in this lesson that have appeared in previous lessons. Make sure that you remember their meanings.
atau
or
luas
wide, broad
bilang
to say
mata kuliah
university course
menjawab
to answer
membosankan
boring
keren
fashionable, cool
memilih
to choose
kok
how come?
memperbaiki
to repair
kompor
stove
mengambil
to take, fetch
kuat
strong
menjual
to sell
kuning
yellow
mewah
luxurious
lho
wow
tempat
place
Asking and Answering Yang Mana Questions
The phrase yang mana is the equivalent of the English “which” meaning “which one” when you
want to ask about a choice between two or more things. When you are asking about things and
places (and sometimes people) yang mana follows the noun it is asking about.
Rumah yang mana?
Which house?
Dosen yang mana?
Which lecturer?
Anda lebih suka hotel yang mana?
Which hotel do you prefer?
If you are speaking informally, you can drop the yang.
Denny, kamu senang warung mana?
Denny, which eatery do you like?
Lesson 79
Kamu pilih mana? Heh? Ayo, jawab!
Which do you choose. Eh? C’mon, answer!
In some contexts where the thing you are asking about is already clear and understood, you
can simply say:
Yang mana?
Which?
Ibu Astuti memilih yang mana?
Which did Ibu Astuti choose?
Now look at this fragment of scintillating English dialogue.
I want to buy a shirt.
Which shirt do you want to buy?
I want the red shirt.
Okay. The red shirt is certainly a nicer shirt than the blue shirt.
Although these are all correct sentences, when we look at the sequence as a whole there’s
something a bit strange about them. The word “shirt” is repeated too often. In actual conversation
we might say something more like this:
I want to buy a shirt.
Which one do you want to buy?
I want the red one.
Okay. The red one is certainly a nicer one than the blue one.
In this dialogue the word one functions as a pronoun—it is a kind of shorthand substitute for
the noun shirt. Using one means you don’t have to repeat shirt over and over. And one can be
part of a noun phrase like “the red one” that begins with the, a, an, some and various other determiners that mark nouns in English.
In Indonesian yang can be used to create similar noun phrases. Check the occurrences of yang
in this Indonesian rendering of the above dialogue.
Saya mau membeli baju.
I want to buy a shirt.
Anda mau membeli yang mana?
Which one do you want to buy?
Saya mau membeli yang merah.
I want to buy the red one.
Baik. Memang yang merah lebih bagus daripada yang biru.
Okay. The red one is certainly nicer than the blue one.
Yang can also form noun phrases with ini, itu, di sini, di situ and di sana.
Anda minta yang ini atau yang itu?
Do you want this one or that one?
Saya minta yang di sana saja.
I’d like the one just over there.
Exercise 79-01
Answer these questions without repeating the underlined word, and using yang plus an
adjective (like murah, besar etc.), or a demonstrative pronoun (ini or itu) or an adverb of place (di
Lesson 79
sini, di situ or di sana) to refer back to the thing asked about in the question. Begin your answer
with saya as if each question were directed at you personally. Study the examples first before doing the exercise. If you need to, you can scan the words and phrases below to see if any of them
fit. Remember, you can double the number of adjectives at your disposal by negating them with
tidak.
baru—lama—murah—mahal—bagus—biru—putih—hitam—merah—kuning—hijau—cepat—
mudah—sukar—keren—kecil—besar—dingin—panas—dekat—menarik—biasa—kasar—
cantik—efisien—kuat—enak—menyapu—mewah—modern—populer—manis—
menyenangkan—ini—itu—di sini—di situ—di sana
Pertanyaan: Ibu mau membeli kompor yang mana?
Jawaban: Saya mau membeli yang di sana. (I want to buy the one over there.)
Pertanyaan: Anda akan mengambil mobil yang mana?
Jawaban: Saya akan mengambil yang baru. (I’m going to take the new one.)
1. Anda akan mengambil mata kuliah yang mana?
2. Ibu akan memakai baju yang mana?
3. Bapak akan naik bus yang mana?
4. Ibu mau memilih lemari es yang mana?
5. Anda akan mencoba rumah makan yang mana?
6. Bapak ingin membaca majalah yang mana?
7. Anda akan menanam bunga yang mana?
8. Bapak akan memperbaiki televisi yang mana dulu?
9. Anda akan menyapu kamar yang mana dulu?
10. Ibu mau menjual sepeda yang mana?
Which is the bigger/better/higher/faster?
To ask which of two choices is better you can say:
Yang mana yang lebih baik?
Which is better?
Slightly more informally you can drop the lebih without changing the meaning:
Yang mana yang baik?
Which is better?
And even more informally, you can drop the yang:
Mana yang baik?
Which is better?
Your answer to these kinds of questions usually (but not always) echoes the pattern of the
question.
Universitas yang mana yang lebih baik?
Which university is the better one?
Universitas Widya Buana yang lebih baik.
Widya Buana University is the better one.
Lesson 79
Yang mana yang lebih mahal?
Which is more expensive? (or: Which one is the more expensive one?)
Yang biru yang lebih mahal.
The blue one is more expensive. (or: It is the blue one that is more
expensive.)
Tempat yang mana yang lebih enak?
Which place is nicer?
Menurut pendapat saya, Brisbane jauh lebih enak.
In my opinion, Brisbane is far nicer.
Yang mana is often used to ask about the differences between two things or places using the
adverb lebih and the conjunction atau (or).
Kota yang mana yang lebih luas: Los Angeles atau New York?
Which city is larger: Los Angeles or New York?
Hmmm, saya kira Los Angeles yang lebih luas.
Hmmm, I think Los Angeles is larger.
Pulau yang mana yang lebih indah: Sulawesi atau Jawa?
Which island is more beautiful: Sulawesi or Java?
Yang mana ya? Barangkali pulau Sulawesi yang lebih indah.
Which one, I wonder. Probably Sulawesi is more beautiful.
Kompor yang mana yang lebih mahal: kompor minyak atau kompor gas?
Which stove is more expensive: a kerosene or a gas stove?
Katanya, kompor gas yang lebih mahal.
They say that gas stoves are more expensive.
Exercise 79-02
Imitating the pattern in the model sentences above, write some questions comparing two alternatives. Each question should begin with the word given. Study the examples below before
starting to write.
Gedung Gedung yang mana yang lebih indah: Gedung Pena atau Menara Imperium?
Dosen Dosen yang mana yang lebih membosankan: Pak Hassan atau Bu Sudibyo?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Negara
Tugas
SMA
Mata kuliah
5.
6.
7.
8.
Pekerjaan
Daerah
Cerita
Tempat
9. Desa
10. Toko
11. Seri TV
Dialogue: Which Is Better?
Look at the questions you have written in Exercise 79-01. With your teacher/tutor, or with a fellow student, use these questions as the beginning point for a dialogue. Preface your question with
one of these phrases:
Menurut pendapat Anda…
Menurut Anda…
Saya mau bertanya, menurut Anda…
Aku mau tanya, kalo menurut kamu…
Lesson 79
Preface the answer with one of these phrases:
Menurut pendapat saya,…
Saya kira,…
Kalo aku,…
When you have heard the answer, ask a follow-up question or make a follow-up comment that
presents a different opinion. If you are speaking formally you might say:
O begitu. Tetapi maaf, saya kurang setuju. Menurut pendapat saya…
If you are speaking informally you might say…
Lho, kamu kok bisa bilang gitu! Kamu salah… salah banget! Kalo aku,…
Try to create momentum in the dialogue by calling on every resource that you have studied so
far. When eventually you exhaust the possibilities of the topic, choose another question from Exercise 79-01 and re-boot the conversation. See how long you can keep going in fluent, clear Indonesian.
Latihan 1—Kosa Kata Lalu
Jodohkan kata-kata di sebelah kiri dengan terjemahannya di sebelah kanan.
atau
cool, stylish
menjawab
to sell
bilang
course at university
membosankan
boring
keren
or
memilih
luxurious
kok
stove
memperbaiki
place
kompor
strong
mengambil
to answer
kuat
to say
menjual
to choose
kuning
why?, how come?
mewah
to go and get sth.
luas
wide, broad
tempat
to repair
mata kuliah
yellow
Latihan 2—Pertanyaan dan Jawaban
Jodohkan pertanyaan di kolom kiri dengan jawabannya di kolom kanan.
1. Kamu suka ikan goreng yang mana?
a. Yang kebunnya besar.
2. Anda mencari restoran yang mana?
b. Yang tidak pedas.
3. Rumahmu yang mana?
c. Yang tidak membosankan.
4. Mobilnya yang mana?
d. Yang cepat.
5. Mau ambil mata kuliah yang mana?
e. Yang makanannya enak.
Lesson 79
Latihan 3—Menyimak:Pertanyaan dan Jawaban
Listen to Sound File 079-01. You will hear ten questions. For each of the ten
questions, an answer is provided in the right column of the following table. Select the
order of the answers as they appear in the sound file.
1.
a. Yang kuning saja.
2.
b. Yang menulis tentang berita politik.
3.
c. Yang baru dibeli di Toko Baju Keren kemarin.
4.
d. Yang warnanya putih dan dijual di Toko Elektronik Jaya.
5.
e. Yang dosennya tidak membosankan.
6.
f. Yang memasak masakan Indonesia.
7.
g. Yang harga tiketnya murah.
8.
h. Kamar saya dulu.
9.
i. Saya rasa saya akan memperbaiki yang kecil dulu.
10.
j. Saya rasa sepeda kakak karena miliknya sudah rusak.
Latihan 4—Pemahaman
Jawablah pertanyaan-pertanyaan berikut sesuai dengan bacaannya.
Baju yang Mana?
H
ari ini saya, Tika, dan Andin pergi ke pusat perbelanjaan. Kami pergi ke Pacific Place.
Di dekat Pacific Place ada Plaza Senayan, Plaza Semanggi, dan Plaza Indonesia yang
juga pusat perbelanjaan. Namun kami memilih Pacific Place karena tempatnya lebih mewah dan enak. Pertama-tama, kami pergi ke toko baju karena Andin ingin membeli baju
baru. Banyak sekali jenis baju di sana.“Kamu mau beli baju yang mana, Andin?” tanya
Tika.“Saya mau beli baju yang berwarna merah dan kuning karena saya suka dua warna
itu.” “Saya rasa baju yang di sana itu bagus,” kata saya sambil mengambil baju berwarna
merah.“Betul.” Andin mengambil baju itu. “Tapi saya kurang suka warnanya,” kata
Tika.“Bagaimana kalau yang ini?” tanya saya sambil mengambil baju warna kuning.“Ya,
yang ini bagus juga tapi saya lebih suka baju yang itu.”
Akhirnya Andin membeli baju warna merah itu. Sesudah dari toko baju kami makan di
Restoran Indonesia. Kami makan banyak sekali karena makanan di situ betul-betul enak.
Sesudah makan kami pergi ke toko buku. Saya ingin membeli buku cerita dan Tika ingin
membeli majalah. Saya suka membaca. Di rumah saya punya banyak sekali buku cerita.
Akhirnya saya membeli dua buku cerita dan Tika membeli tiga majalah. Sesudah dari toko
buku kami pulang ke rumah naik bus.
Lesson 79
1. On what day do they go to the department store?
A. Yesterday
B. Tomorrow
C. Today
D. The day after tomorrow
2. What department store do they go to?
A. Pacific Place
B. Plaza Senayan
C. Plaza Indonesia
D. Plaza Semanggi
3. Why do they choose that department store?
A. Because it is the nearest department store from their house.
B. Because the prices there are much cheaper.
C. Because the place is more convenient and luxurious.
D. Because they usually meet their friends there.
4. What colour of t-shirt does the writer first suggest to Andin?
A. Red
B. Yellow
C. Blue
D. Orange
5. Why does Tika disagree with Andin and the writer about the t-shirt?
A. Because she wants Andin to choose another t-shirt.
B. Because she wants to buy the t-shirt for herself.
C. Because she wants Andin to choose another colour.
D. Because she thinks the price is too expensive.
6. Andin finally bought a t-shirt in what colour?
A. Red
B. Blue
C. Orange
D. Yellow
7. Why do they eat a lot in the restaurant?
A. Because the price is extremely cheap.
B. Because they get a discount for the food.
C. Because the food is really delicious.
D. Because the food is really delicious and the price is affordable.
8. Why does the writer want to buy some books?
A. Because she has read all her books at home.
B. Because she is assigned to read some books by her professor.
C. Because she enjoys reading.
D. Because she often has nothing to do at home.
Lesson 79
Latihan 5—Isian
Lengkapi teks berikut dengan memilih kata yang tepat: akhirnya—betul-betul—cerita—enak
—juga—kurang—majalah—membaca—membeli—memilih—mengambil—pulang—pusat
perbelanjaan—sesudah—toko buku—yang di sana—yang ini—yang itu—yang mana
Hari ini saya, Tika, dan Andin pergi ke __________. Kami pergi ke Pacific Place. Di dekat
Pacific Place ada Plaza Senayan, Plaza Semanggi, dan Plaza Indonesia yang __________
pusat perbelanjaan. Namun kami __________ Pacific Place karena tempatnya lebih mewah dan __________. Pertama-tama, kami pergi ke toko baju karena Andin ingin
__________ baju baru. Banyak sekali jenis baju di sana.
“Kamu mau beli baju __________, Andin?” tanya Tika.
“Saya mau beli baju yang berwarna merah dan kuning karena saya suka dua warna itu.”
“Saya rasa baju __________ itu bagus,” kata saya sambil mengambil baju berwarna merah.
“Betul.” Andin __________ baju itu.
“Tapi saya __________ suka warnanya,” kata Tika.
“Bagaimana kalau __________?” tanya saya.
“Ya, yang ini bagus juga tapi saya lebih suka baju __________.”
Akhirnya Andin membeli baju warna merah itu. __________ dari toko baju kami makan di
Restoran Indonesia. Kami makan banyak sekali karena makanan di situ __________
enak. Sesudah makan kami pergi ke __________. Saya ingin membeli buku __________
dan Tika ingin membeli majalah. Saya suka __________. Di rumah saya punya banyak
sekali buku cerita. __________ saya membeli dua buku cerita dan Tika membeli tiga
__________. Sesudah dari toko buku kami __________ ke rumah naik bus.
Latihan 6—Rangkai Kata
Urutkan kata-kata di bawah ini menjadi kalimat yang benar sesuai dengan arti:
1. “Which lectures are you going to take?”
Kamu—kuliah—mata—yang—mau—mengambil—mana?
2. “Which university is more expensive?”
Universitas—yang—lebih—mana—mahal?
Lesson 79
3. “My car is much faster than yours."
Mobil—jauh—saya—cepat—daripada—lebih—mobilmu.
4. “Which city is bigger: Jakarta or Surabaya?”
Kota—besar:—lebih—atau—Jakarta—mana—yang—Surabaya?
5. “According to you, which place is nicer?”
Menurut—lebih—mana—kamu,—yang—yang—tempat—enak?
Latihan 7—Teka Teki Silang (TTS)
Mendatar:
1.
interesting
3.
oil
6.
lecture
7.
which
9.
red
11. big, broad
13. shirt
14. luxurious
Menurun:
1.
to choose
2.
nice, cozy, tasty
4.
stove
5.
yellow
8.
story
10. to buy
12. strong
Lesson 80
80 Yang Paling...
Aims
• To practise using yang paling to
express the superlative degree of
comparison
Vocabulary Review
Here are some of the frequent words used
in this lesson that have appeared in previous
lessons. Make sure that you remember their
meanings.
Danau Toba—Danau yang paling besar di Asia Tenggara. © Johnny Siahaan
acara
programme, event
mari
let’s, come on
aman
safe
membosankan
boring
aneh
weird, strange
menang
to win
angka
number
milik
property of
berani
brave
muda
young
bermacam-macam
various
pantai
coast, beach
cepat
fast, quick
pemirsa
viewers, audience
danau
lake
pertama
first (1st)
dunia
world, earth
pertanyaan
question
gunung
mountain
selesai
finished, completed
jawaban
answer
semua
all
kanan
right
sukar
difficult
kiri
left
sungai
river
lengkap
complete
tengah
middle, central
luas
wide, broad
terletak
be situated
manis
sweet
Lesson 80
How to Say “The Most .....”
In English there are two main ways to express what is
called the superlative degree of comparison. (The superlative
degree is the form of an adjective indicating that what is described by the adjective has “the most of” some quality compared to anything or anyone else.) If the adjective is a short
word (one or two syllables) usually we add the ending “-est”,
and if the adjective concerned has more than two syllables
we put “the most...” in front of it. For example:
Cilacap is the neatest city in Central Java.
Tokyo is the most ex
6
Module 6 – Working as a Tour Guide
George Quinn & Uli Kozok
License
“The Indonesian Way” by George Quinn and Uli Kozok is licensed under a Creative Commons
“Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)” license.
Under the license you are free to:
●
●
Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material
Under the following terms:
➢
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Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and
indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in
any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute
your contributions under the same license as the original.
Please note that the license covers the text and the sound files, but excludes the illustrations.
Date of Last Revision: 13 February 2015
The development of “The Indonesian Way” was sponsored by grant P017A090375-10 from the US Department of
Education, International Research and Studies Program.
The development of the print version was made possible by a grant received from the University of Tasmania.
Module 6
Working as a Tour Guide
The basic aim of Module 6 is to provide you with the vocabulary, grammatical resources and
sentence shells that will enable you to talk descriptively about the history and characteristics of
places. “Characteristics” includes weather and location, as well as the relative merits of places.
The module will also help you further consolidate the skill of stringing sentences together into extended narratives, with emphasis on simple forms of public speaking.
There is special emphasis in the Module on developing mastery of the passive-voice form of
the Indonesian verb. You will also learn how to express the superlative degree of comparison. You
will continue to get practice in expressing opinions and preferences. The Module also provides
some basic information about traditional medicines, the history of Jakarta and places of interest in
the centre of Jakarta.
You will learn how to deliver a lecture on the history of Jakarta, and in the culminating role play
you will discuss places of interest in central Jakarta and in the town where you live.
Lesson 77
77 Mata Angin
Aims
• To introduce and practise using the terms for the points of the compass.
Vocabulary Review
Here are some of the frequent words used in this lesson that have appeared in previous lessons. Make sure that you remember their meanings.
bandar udara
airport
luas
wide
barat
west
panas
hot
cuaca
weather
permisi
excuse me
daerah
region
pindah
move
di antara
between
pulau
island
di antaranya
such as
sedikit
a little
di sebelah
next to
selatan
south
hutan
forest, jungle
taman
park
lapangan
field, court
terletak
be situated
The Points of the Compass
Here are the main points of the compass (mata angin) in Indonesian. These terms can be attached to the names of
places:
Asia Tenggara
South East Asia
Amerika Selatan
South America
Jakarta Barat
West Jakarta
Laut Utara
North Sea
To say, “in the north / south / east / west of...” that is, in the
northern /southern/ eastern / western part of a region, usually
the word kawasan (region) or sometimes bagian (part) are used
followed by the term for the point of the compass. Study these
examples.
Lesson 77
Iklim cukup panas di kawasan utara Australia.
The climate is pretty hot in the north of Australia.
Di kawasan timur Kanada ada beberapa kota besar.
In the eastern region Canada there are several big cities.
Di Sumatra bagian utara masih ada hutan yang luas.
There are still extensive forests in the north of Sumatra.
Baru-baru ini di kawasan selatan Italia cuaca agak dingin.
In the southern region of Italy recently the weather has been rather cold.
To say “to the north/south/east/west of...”usually the term di sebelah... is used followed by the
term for the point of the compass. Here are a few examples.
Papua Niugini terletak di sebelah utara Australia dan di sebelah timur Indonesia.
Papua New Guinea is situated to the north of Australia and to the east of
Indonesia.
Kota Canberra terletak kira-kira 300 kilometer di sebelah barat daya Sydney.
The city of Canberra is situated about 300 kilometres to the south-west of
Sydney.
Selandia Baru terletak di sebelah tenggara Australia.
New Zealand is situated to the south-east of Australia.
Di sebelah barat daerah Banten, di antara Jawa dan Sumatera, ada beberapa
pulau kecil, di antaranya pulau Krakatau yang terkenal.
To the west of the Banten region, between Java and Sumatra, there are
several small islands, among them the famous island of Krakatoa.
Cara Indonesia: Points of the Compass in Everyday Life
In some parts of Indonesia people use the points of the compass in everyday life
to orient themselves and indicate direction. This is especially the case in the
Javanese heartland around Yogyakarta and Solo in the centre of the island of Java.
Here it is not at all unusual to hear people say things like Rumah Pak Kuncoro di sebelah barat rumah saya (Mr Kuncoro’s house is to the west of my place). In English
we would probably say something like “Mr Kuncoro’s house is just down the street
from my place” or “Mr Kuncoro’s house is to the right of my place.” If you are sitting
in a bus or bemo and someone wants you to make room so they can sit down beside you, don’t be surprised if they say something like Permisi, bisa pindah ke timur sedikit? (Excuse me, could you move east a little?). When someone really “loses the plot”, behaving inappropriately or unpredictably, Javanese say that the person tidak mengerti utara selatan (doesn’t know
where north or south is).
How do people know where north, south, east and west are if they don’t have a compass?
Well, they are closely integrated into their surrounding landscape, and there are all sorts of signs
in that landscape that tell them instantly and pretty accurately where north, south, east and west
are. For example, mosques always face due west (Muslims pray towards Mecca which is in the
west). Graves are aligned north-south so that their occupants can lie comfortably on their sides
facing Mecca. Traditional houses were (and are) aligned north-south, as were government offices
in the old centres of villages and towns. The traditional town square (alun-alun) that is still the living heart of most district towns in Java is also oriented north-south. And, of course, because Indonesia is close to the equator the sun rises pretty much due east and sets due west (it doesn’t
shift up and down the horizon in the course of the year as happens in countries in the world’s
Lesson 77
northern and southern latitudes). People grow up with these signs and are aware of them almost
unconsciously.
Exercise 77-01
Look closely at this map of Central Jakarta. Note that Jl. stands for Jalan (Street).
In good, simple Indonesian, and referring to the map above, answer these questions about the
location of places in Jakarta. Follow this pattern: first state the general area where the place is
located (use Medan Merdeka, the large square with the Monumen Nasional in the middle, as reference point, e.g. di sebelah utara Medan Merdeka, then state where the place is in relation to
another place (use di sebelah followed by a point of the compass), then give the name of a
place that is near by (use di dekat or tidak jauh dari followed by the name of a place). Study these
examples first.
Lesson 77
Pertanyaan: Di mana Rumah Sakit Bersalin Angkasa?
Jawaban: Rumah Sakit Bersalin Angkasa di Jalan Majapahit, di sebelah Timur
Lapangan Merdeka, tidak jauh dari Milenium Hotel Sirih.
Pertanyaan: Di mana Jl. Pintu Air 4?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Jawaban: Jl. Pintu Air 4 di sebelah selatan Pintu Air 5, di dekat Stasiun Juanda.
Di mana Monumen Nasional?
Di mana Masjid Cut Mutia?
Di mana SDS Kristen II Bpk Penabur?
Di mana Museum Taman Prasasti?
Di mana Istana Merdeka?
Di mana Hotel Borobudur Jakarta?
Di mana Gereja Katedral Jakarta?
Di mana Gedung Kesenian Jakarta?
Di mana Jl. Ir. H. Juanda?
Di mana Rumah Sakit Jiwa Dharma Sakti?
Saying Where a Place is Located (Javanese Style)
Following the pattern in Exercise 77-01 and working with your teacher/tutor or a fellow student,
ask and answer questions about the location of places, streets, buildings, shops, landmarks etc.
in your own vicinity. Answers should make use of utara, selatan, timur and barat (and maybe even
tenggara, barat daya, barat laut and timur laut), so make sure you know where places in your
neighbourhood are located relative to the points of the compass. There are two main kinds of
question you can ask, di mana questions and apakah questions.
Di mana Toko David Jones?
Where is David Jones’ Store?
Apakah Gedung Shell di sebelah utara atau selatan Jalan Wattle?
Is the Shell Building to the north or south of Wattle Street?
Eh, Sarah, rumahmu di mana sih?
Hey, Sarah, where’s your place, eh?
John, kamu tinggal di kawasan barat kota apa di sebelah timur?
John, do you live in the western part of town, or to the east?
As always, your answers should be as detailed as possible and should be accompanied by follow-up questions that trigger an extended conversation.
When you feel you can do this fluently, correctly and with authentic detail, try this somewhat
stranger, more “Javanese” exercise.
If you are in a classroom, look around you. Do you know where north, south, east and west
are? Going from person to person in your class/group and using the verb duduk (to sit), have each
person say short Indonesian phrases that describe where the other people in the group are sitting.
Use points of the compass, but add other prepositions of place too: di samping, di depan, di belakang, di dekat and agak jauh dari. Your round-robin of phrases might sound something like this:
Kim duduk di sebelah utara Peter, di belakang Taeko.
Taeko duduk agak jauh dari Don, di sebelah selatan Ainun.
Lesson 77
Ainun duduk di sebelah timur Hassan, di samping Alan.
...and so on.
See how often you can repeat these sequences of phrases with variations in the names of
places, the names of people and the prepositions of place that you use.
Latihan 1—Kosa Kata Lalu
Jodohkan kata-kata di sebelah kiri dengan terjemahannya di sebelah kanan.
bandar udara
including
luas
a little bit
lapangan
forest
panas
field
cuaca
on one side of
permisi
island
daerah
airport
pindah
to shift, to move
di antara
region
pulau
hot
di antaranya
excuse me
sedikit
big, broad
di sebelah
weather
terletak
park, garden
hutan
between
taman
located, sited
Latihan 2—Menjodohkan: Mata Angin
Jodohkan kata di kolom kiri dengan artinya di kolom kanan
timur
north
timur laut
north-west
selatan
north-east
tenggara
south-west
barat daya
east
barat laut
west
utara
south
barat
south-east
Latihan 3—Menyimak
Listen to Sound File 077-01. You will hear five questions. For each of the five
questions, an answer is provided in the right column of the following table. Select
the order of the answers as they appear in the sound file.
1.
a. Kecamatan itu terletak di Jakarta.
2.
b. Perubahan iklim terjadi di beberapa kawasan Indonesia baru-baru ini.
3.
c. Pulau itu di sebelah barat daerah Banten, di antara Jawa dan Sumatra.
4.
d. Indonesia mempunyai iklim tropis.
5.
e. Saya tahu. Kecamatan itu ada di kawasan Jakarta Barat.
Lesson 77
Latihan 4—Pemahaman
Refer to the passage to answer the following questions.
Kampung Saya
S
aya tinggal di Desa Sukamaju, Kecamatan Bogor Raya. Desa ini ada di kawasan Jawa
Barat. Desa ini indah sekali. Saya mempunyai rumah yang cukup besar di sini. Di sebelah utara rumah saya ada Gunung Salak yang tinggi sekali. Setiap pagi saya bisa melihat gunung itu dari jendela kamar saya. Di sebelah barat daya, ada sawah yang luas sekali. Banyak
petani di sawah itu. Mereka bekerja hampir setiap hari. Di selatan rumah saya, ada sungai
yang cukup besar. Anak-anak kecil suka berenang di sana. Airnya dingin sekali. Waktu saya
masih kecil, saya juga suka berenang di sungai itu. Sekarang, saya hanya suka berjalan-jalan
di tepi sungai setiap sore.
1. Where does the writer live? Select all that apply
A. Bogor
B. Desa Sukamaju
C. Gunung Salak
D. Sungai Ciliwung
2. How does the writer describe his house?
A. Very small
B. Quite small
C. Not too small
D. Extremely small
3. Where is Gunung Salak located?
A. South of his house
B. South west of his house
C. North west of his house
D. North of his house
4. Where is the rice field located?
A. North of his house
B. South of his house
C. South west of his house
D. North west of his house
5. How does the writer describe the rice field?
A. It is small but many farmers work there.
B. It is big but not many farmers work there.
C. It is big and lots of farmers work there.
D. It is small and only a few farmers work there.
6. What is to the south of his house?
A. Mountain
B. River
C. Rice field
D. Street
7. Does the writer like swimming in the river?
Lesson 77
A.
B.
C.
D.
No, because he is not a child anymore.
No, because the water is so cold.
No, because the there are too many children swimming there.
No, because the water is polluted.
8. What does the writer like to do every afternoon?
A. Cultivating rice
B. Swimming in the river
C. Reading a book
D. Walking around
Latihan 5—Isian
Dengarkan Rekaman 077-02 dan lengkapi teks berikut:
Saya tinggal di Desa Sukamaju, _________Bogor Raya. Desa ini ada di _________
Jawa Barat. Desa ini indah sekali. Saya _________ rumah yang cukup besar di sini. Di
sebelah _________ rumah saya ada Gunung Salak yang _________ sekali. Setiap pagi
saya bisa melihat _________ itu dari jendela kamar saya. Di sebelah _________, ada sawah yang luas sekali. Banyak petani di _________ itu. Mereka bekerja hampir setiap hari.
Di _________ rumah saya, ada sungai yang cukup besar. _________ kecil suka berenang
di sana. Airnya dingin sekali. Waktu saya _________ kecil, saya juga suka berenang di
sungai itu. _________, saya hanya suka berjalan-jalan di _________ sungai setiap sore.
Latihan 6—Jawab Singkat
Write the English equivalents of the following place/country names.
1. Korea Utara
.......................................................................................
2. Timor Timur
.......................................................................................
3. Eropa Barat
.......................................................................................
4. Asia Timur
.......................................................................................
5. Tepi Barat (Palestina)
.......................................................................................
6. Pulau Utara (Selandia Baru)
.......................................................................................
7. Afrika Selatan
.......................................................................................
8. Jawa Timur
.......................................................................................
9. Kalimantan Selatan
.......................................................................................
10. Sulawesi Tenggara
.......................................................................................
Lesson 77
Latihan 7—Rangkai Kata
Urutkan kata-kata di bawah ini menjadi kalimat yang benar sesuai dengan arti:
1. “The climate is rather hot in the eastern part of Indonesia.”
Iklim—di—cukup—panas—timur—kawasan—Indonesia.
2. “France is situated in the western Europe.”
Negara—di—ada—Eropa—Prancis—Barat.
3. “New Zealand is situated to the south-east of Australia.”
Selandia Baru—tenggara—terletak—sebelah—di—Australia.
4. “To the west of the Banten region there are several well-known islands.”
Di—yang—beberapa—daerah Banten—ada—pulau—sebelah—barat—terkenal.
5. “Do you live in the western or eastern part of town?”
Kamu—tinggal—atau—barat—timur—di—kawasan—kota?
Latihan 8—Pengetahuan Geografi Anda
If your knowledge of geography is less than perfect you may need to consult an atlas.
1. Sri Lanka terletak di ... India.
A. sebelah selatan
B. sebelah barat
2. Tasmania terletak di ... kota Melbourne.
A. sebelah selatan
B. bagian selatan
3. Di bagian ... Nepal ada gunung-gunung, di antaranya gunung Everest.
A. selatan
B. utara
4. Di ... kota Rio de Janeiro ada hutan yang luas dan indah, hutan Amazon namanya.
A. sebelah timur
B. sebelah barat
5. Moskwa terletak di kawasan ... Rusia.
A. barat
B. timur
6. Bali terletak di ... pulau Jawa.
A. sebelah timur
B. kawasan timur
7. Provinsi Papua di ... pulau Papua.
A. bagian barat
B. bagian timur
Lesson 77
8. Indonesia terletak di ...
A. Asia Tenggara
B. Asia Timur
9. Pulau Mindanao di kawasan ... Filipina.
A. Utara
B. selatan
10. Vietnam terletak di ... Republik Rakyat Cina.
A. sebelah barat
B. sebelah selatan
Latihan 9—Teka Teki Silang (TTS)
Mendatar:
5.
famous
7.
south
10. situated
11. cold
13. region
15. forest
16. east
18. west
20. island
21. weather
22. sub-district
Menurun:
1.
side
2.
several
3.
hot
4.
head of a subdistrict
6.
mountain
8.
village
9.
south-east
12. climate
14. river
17. north
19. rather
Lesson 78
78 Iklim dan Cuaca
Aims
• To practise talking about climate and weather conditions.
Vocabulary Review
Here are some of the frequent words used in this lesson that
have appeared in previous lessons. Make sure that you remember their meanings.
Sesudah Banjir. Jakarta 2007This work by Hendra
is licensed under a Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic License
agak
rather, a bit
khusus
special
bagaimana
how
iklim
climate
besok
tomorrow
kemarin
yesterday
bulan
month, moon
memang
indeed
cuaca
weather
pada
in, at
danau
lake
panas
hot
dingin
cold
para
plural marker for people
enak
delicious, comfy
pulau
island
gunung
mountain
suka
like
jelek
ugly, bad
untuk
for
katanya
it is said that
utara
north
kawasan
area, district
Seasons
The warm waters of Indonesia ensure that the land temperatures remain fairly constant with
very little variation from season to season. Indonesia hence has no summer (musim panas) and
also no winter (musim dingin). Indonesia also experiences relatively little change in the length of
daylight hours; the difference between the longest and the shortest day is less than an hour.
Therefore Indonesia also does not know either spring (musim semi) not autumn (musim gugur).
The main variable of Indonesia’s climate is not temperature or air pressure, but rainfall resulting in
a rainy season (musim hujan) which usually occurs between June and October and a dry season
(musim kemarau) between November and March. The monsoon winds are moderate and tropical
storms are extremely seldom. Especially in eastern Indonesia the differences between the rainy
Lesson 78
and the dry season is extreme while in Sumatra or Kalimantan the rainy season is just slightly wetter than the dry season.
Iklim di kota Padang (Sumatra Barat)
Bulan
Jan Feb Mar Apr Mei Jun
Jul Agu Sep Okt Nov Des Tahun
Suhu Maks °C
30
30
30
30
30
30
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
Suhu Min °C
24
24
24
24
24
23
23
23
23
24
23
24
24
Curah Hujan mm 340 250 300 370 300 270 270 320 380 480 510 460
4290
Iklim di kota Surabaya (Jawa Timur)
Bulan
Jan Feb Mar Apr Mei Jun
Jul Agu Sep Okt Nov Des Tahun
Suhu Maks °C
32
32
32
31
32
31
31
30
33
33
33
32
32
Suhu Min °C
24
24
24
25
24
24
23
23
23
24
24
24
24
Curah Hujan mm 327 275 283 181 159 101
22
15
17
47
105 219
1750
Discussing the Weather / Climate
The Indonesian word for climate is iklim. The word cuaca is usually used
like the English “weather” to talk about a particular situation on a certain day.
Like the English words “climate” and “weather”, iklim and cuaca also quite often overlap in meaning.
When you talk about the weather in English you often use the word “it”.
For example:
It is raining.
It is dry in Bangkok.
How cold is it today?
“It” in these sentences is often called an “expletive” or “false subject” because it doesn’t seem
to stand for anything semantically identifiable. Rather it serves the purely grammatical function of
“getting the sentence going” by filling a slot in the sentence where you would normally expect a
subject to be.
In Indonesian there is no false subject, so you can say:
Hujan.
It is raining.
Kering di Bangkok.
It is dry in Bangkok.
Sudah terang.
It has stopped raining (literally: “already clear”).
Kemarin panas di sini.
It was hot here yesterday.
The question word bagaimana (what is _____ like?) can be used to ask about climate and
weather. Study these examples:
Lesson 78
Bagaimana iklim di Kalimantan?
What is the climate like in Kalimantan?
Bagaimana cuaca kemarin?
What was the weather like yesterday?
Bagaimana cuaca besok?
What will the weather be like tomorrow?
Bagaimana cuaca di Tokyo pada musim dingin?
What’s the weather like in Tokyo in winter?
Bagaimana cuacanya? Panas atau hujan?
How is the weather? Is it sunny or is it raining?
Note that the word panas (hot) is often used to refer to sunny weather regardless of the actual
temperature. The official terminology used by the Badan Meteorologi dan Geofisika, the Indonesian National Weather Service, is:
Study these substitution tables and practise generating sentences from them. Although it is not
always easy to do when working with substitution tables, as you say each sentence try to imagine
a particular conversation or situation in which you might say that sentence. In other words, try to
avoid generating the sentences merely mechanically, without an imaginable context.
Bagaimana iklim di
Indonesia
Australia Barat
pulau Lombok
pulau selatan Selandia Baru ?
Timor Timur
Tasmania
Amerika Utara
Lembab.
Panas sekali.
Sering hujan.
Cukup kering.
Dingin sekali.
Cukup baik.
Agak panas.
hujan
kota Darwin
dingin
provinsi Jawa Barat
pada musim
panas
kota Ambon
kemarau
Bagaimana cuaca di pulau utara Selandia Baru ---------------------------------- ?
Indonesia
Agustus
Australia Selatan
pada bulan
Juli
Afrika Timur
Desember
Lesson 78
Bagaimana cuaca
tadi malam
hari Rabu yang lalu
kemarin
hari ini
nanti malam
besok malam
hari Sabtu yang akan datang
Mendung
Cerah
Jelek
Berawan
Dingin
Panas dan lembab
Berangin
?
Exercise 78-01
Each of the sentences in the dialogue below requires you to make choices between two or
more possibilities. Within the context of each sentence, all the choices are right choices: there are
no wrong options. But when you look at the dialogue as a whole some choices may be better
than others. To put it another way, each choice you make should follow logically from the choice
you made in the previous sentence, so that the dialogue is not just a sequence of random sentences, but hangs together and makes sense as a coherent conversation. Bearing this in mind,
write out a coherent dialogue generated from the 10 sentences below.
1
Apakah Ibu
suka
tidak suka
cuaca di
Indonesia
Canberra ?
London
2 Suka.
Tidak suka.
3.
Mengapa? Bagaimana cuaca di sana pada bulan
4.
Wah! Cuaca di sana pada bulan itu
bagus
jelek
enak
sekali.
O ya? Apakah cuaca pada bulan itu
dingin
panas
kering
?
5.
6.
Agustus
Januari
September
Indonesia
Ya. Saya lebih suka cuaca di Canberra
London
7.
O begitu. Apakah cuaca di
daripada di
Selandia Baru
Darwin
Amerika Serikat
lebih
8.
Biasanya. Tetapi kadang-kadang cuaca di sana agak
?
Indonesia
Canberra .
London
dingin
panas
kering
dingin
panas
kering
?
juga .
Lesson 78
9.
Oktober
berangin.
O begitu. Katanya cuaca di sana pada bulan Juni
juga cukup banyak hujan.
Februari
berawan.
10. Memang
Kadang-kadang .
Biasanya tidak
Dialogue
Listen to Sound File 078-01—a dialogue between Andri and Ria, discussing the city
where they live. Pay attention to the vocabulary of weather and climate which are used in
this conversation. Consult the vocabulary list if you encounter any difficulties. When you
have finished, do Latihan 3–4.
Nur
Andri
Di mana Anda tinggal?
Saya tinggal di Surabaya
Bagaimana cuaca di sana?
Di Surabaya betul-betul panas.
Cuacanya bisa mencapai lebih dari tiga
puluh enam derajat Celsius.
Wah, panas sekali!
Ya memang. Anda tinggal di mana?
Saya tinggal di Bandung.
Bagaimana cuaca di Bandung? Apakah
di sana dingin?
Ya, udaranya dingin di malam hari.
Suhunya kira-kira delapan belas derajat
Celsius. Bagaimana dengan Surabaya?
Surabaya sama sekali tidak dingin pada
malam hari. Di sana juga jarang hujan.
Saya tidak suka cuaca Surabaya.
Apa Anda ingin pindah ke Bandung?
Ya, saya rasa. Saya suka cuaca di
Bandung.
Role Play: Ramalan Cuaca di Televisi
Here is the text of a television Weather Forecast (Prakiraan Cuaca or Ramalan Cuaca). Read it
through carefully first, checking that you know all the words. (Check the vocabulary cards in this
lesson to familiarise yourself with words you don’t know.)
S
elamat malam para pemirsa. Inilah ramalan cuaca untuk pulau Sulawesi untuk besok
tanggal tiga puluh Agustus tahun dua ribu sepuluh. Di kawasan Sulawesi Utara cerah
dengan suhu 24 sampai 30 derajat Celsius. Untuk kawasan Sulawesi Selatan cuaca lembab
dan berawan dengan suhu 25 sampai 31 derajat Celsius. Khusus untuk kota Makassar hujan deras dengan petir dan suhu antara 26 sampai 33 derajat Celsius. Sekian ramalan cuaca
untuk besok. Selamat malam.
Lesson 78
This weather forecast can be tailored to different places, dates and weather conditions. Here it
is again, with the things that can be changed highlighted in italics.
S
elamat malam para pemirsa. Inilah ramalan cuaca untuk Pulau Sulawesi untuk besok
tanggal tiga puluh Agustus tahun dua ribu sepuluh. Di kawasan Sulawesi Utara cerah dengan suhu 24 sampai 30 derajat Celsius. Untuk kawasan Sulawesi Selatan cuaca lembab dan
berawan dengan suhu 25 sampai 31 derajat Celsius. Khusus untuk kota Makassar hujan deras dengan petir dan suhu antara 26 sampai 33 derajat Celsius. Sekian ramalan cuaca untuk
besok. Selamat malam.
Practise saying this weather forecast out loud replacing the highlighted parts of it so that the
forecast fits with the weather where you are now.
Using a computer or felt-tip pen, write out the forecast on a big prompt card. Get a large wall
map that shows the area where you live. Standing in front of the wall map (maybe holding a pointer), pretend that you are a glitzy TV personality and present the weather forecast “on camera”.
Run through the forecast several times until you can present it fluently and correctly without referring too much to the “prompt card” you have prepared.
Flesh out the forecast you have been practising with one or two items of comment on people
and/or places. With a video camera, record weather forecasts with your teacher/tutor or classmates. The prompt card can be held up next to the camera, but remember that a good TV
presenter looks straight into the camera as he/she talks and does not glance shiftily back and
forth between prompt card and camera. Replay the recordings to judge who has the best television presence (and whose Indonesian is most correct, smooth and authentic).
Minta Perhatian!!
Three nations have not officially adopted the International System of Units as their
primary or sole system of measurement: Burma, Liberia, and the United States. If
you are from one of those countries you need to familiarise yourself with the
International System of Units (SI) because nobody in Indonesia, and in fact
anywhere outside those three countries, will understand you if you tell someone that
the temperature is 84 degrees Fahrenheit. Likewise, don’t expect people to
understand what an ounce, a yard, or a gallon is. You may need to use a metric converter.
Lesson 78
Latihan 1—Kosa Kata Lalu
Jodohkan kata-kata di sebelah kiri dengan terjemahannya di sebelah kanan.
agak
bad, ugly
khusus
climate
bagaimana
clear
kemarin
dry
besok
cloudy
memang
dry season
danau
cold
suka
for
dingin
good, pleasant
musim dingin
hot
bulan
how
para
indeed
cuaca
humid
musim panas
island
enak
lake
pada
like, enjoy
gunung
month, moon
untuk
north
jelek
mountain
utara
on, at, in
katanya
people say that...
iklim
plural marker
kawasan
rainy season
musim kemarau
rain,rainy
lembab
rather
hujan
special, in particular
terang
region, district
pulau
summer
musim hujan
tomorrow
panas
winter
berawan
weather
kering
yesterday
Latihan 2—Menyimak
Listen to Sound File 078-01. You will hear ten questions. For each of the ten questions, an
answer is provided in the right column of the following table. Select the order of the answers
as they appear in the sound file.
1.
a. Kemarin di gunung-gunung cuacanya hujan deras disertai petir.
2.
b. Di Singapura biasanya cuacanya berawan pada bulan Januari.
3.
c. Pada musim hujan iklimnya kadang-kadang lembab.
4.
d. Iklim di Australia Utara panas.
5.
e. Pada bulan Januari biasanya dingin sekali.
6.
f. Biasanya cuacanya berawan pada bulan Februari.
7.
g. Tidak, saya tidak suka karena selalu hujan.
8.
h. Sebaiknya jangan pergi besok karena besok akan hujan deras dengan
petir.
9.
i. Besok saya kira cuacanya akan berawan dan hujan.
10.
j. Iklim di Selandia Baru biasanya berawan.
Lesson 78
Latihan 3—Pemahaman
Jawablah pertanyaan berikut sesuai dengan Rekaman 078-02.
1. In what city does the woman live?
A. Singapore
B. Surabaya
C. Semarang
D. Surakarta
2. How does the woman describe the city where she lives?
A. Very cold
B. Rather hot
C. A little bit cold
D. Extremely hot
3. How hot does it get there?
A. The average daily mean is 36 degrees Celcius.
B. It is usually above 36 degrees Celcius.
C. It never reaches above 36 degrees Celcius.
D. It is usually below 36 degrees Celcius.
4. Where does the man live?
..............................................................
5. How does he describe the weather?
A. It is always cold, night and day.
B. It is always cold at daylight.
C. It is cold at night.
D. It is very hot at daylight.
6. It’s rather hot at night time.
A. True
B. False
7. What is the night temperature in Bandung? (Answer in Indonesian!)
.......................................................................................................................................
8. What is the expression for “rarely” in Indonesian?
.....................................................
9. Does the woman want to move to Bandung?
A. No, because she does not like cold weather.
B. Yes, because she likes cool weather.
C. No, because she loves the weather in Surabaya.
D. Yes, because she loves the rain.
Lesson 78
Latihan 4—Isian
Lengkapi teks berikut dengan memilih kata yang tepat: bagaimana—betul-betul—Celcius—
cuaca—derajat—jarang—memang—pindah—rasa—sama sekali—sekali—suhu—tinggal
Nur
Andri
Di mana Anda tinggal?
Saya _________ di Surabaya.
Bagaimana __________ di sana?
Di Surabaya __________ panas!
Cuacanya bisa mencapai lebih dari tiga
puluh enam __________ Celcius.
Wah, panas ____________!
Ya, _________. Anda tinggal di mana?
Saya tinggal di Bandung.
___________ cuaca di Bandung?
Ya, udaranya dingin di malam hari.
_________nya kira-kira delapan belas
derajat _________. Bagaimana dengan
Surabaya?
Surabaya ______ tidak dingin pada
malam hari. Di sana juga _________
hujan. Saya tidak suka cuaca di
Surabaya.
Apa Anda ingin _________ ke Bandung?
Ya, saya _________. Saya suka cuaca di
Bandung.
Latihan 5—Iklim dan Cuaca
Choose the correct translation.
1. Too bad it will be raining tomorrow. We won’t be able to go to the park.
A. cerah
B. mendung
C. hujan
D. berawan
2. It’s very dry here in the mountain.
A. hujan
B. panas
C. kering
A. basah
3. Look! The sun is shining! Let’s dry the clothes!
A. mendung
B. terang
C. berawan
D. kering
Lesson 78
4. It is very hot in Arizona!
A. panas
B. hujan
C. kering
D. basah
5. It’s overcast. Don’t forget to bring your umbrella, just in case.
A. hujan
B. mendung
C. berawan
D. panas
6. It’s very bright outside! I better get my sunglasses.
A. panas
B. berawan
C. kering
D. cerah
7. It’s cloudy today so I think I will just stay at home.
A. mendung
B. hujan
C. basah
D. berawan
Latihan 6—Rangkai Kata
Urutkan kata-kata di bawah ini menjadi kalimat yang benar sesuai dengan arti:
1. “What was the weather like in Manado yesterday?”
Bagaimana—cuaca—Manado—di—kemarin?
2. “What is the temperature like in East Timor in August?”
Bagaimana—Timor Timur—pada—di—bulan—suhu—Agustus?
3. “People say that Bogor is rather cloudy in December.”
Katanya—bulan—berawan—agak—pada—Bogor—Desember.
4. “I think the weather tonight will be rather cold.”
Saya—ini—agak—kira—malam—cuaca—dingin.
5. “I do not like the weather in Jakarta because it is very hot and humid.”
Saya—udara—di—sangat—karena—dan—tidak—panas—suka—Jakarta—
lembab.
Lesson 78
Latihan 7—Teka Teki Silang (TTS)
Mendatar:
1.
temperature
4.
season
5.
climate
8.
yesterday
10. bright
13. humid
15. that’s all
16. this is..., here is...
Menurun:
1.
to like, enjoy
2.
rain
3.
normally, usually
6.
indeed
7.
plural marker (for
humans)
9.
dry
11. cloudy
12. very (not sangat)
14. tomorrow
Lesson 79
79 Yang Mana Yang Lebih... ?
Aims
• To provide practice using the interrogative pronoun yang mana.
• To practise forming noun phrases with yang.
Vocabulary Review
Here are some of the frequent words used in this lesson that have appeared in previous lessons. Make sure that you remember their meanings.
atau
or
luas
wide, broad
bilang
to say
mata kuliah
university course
menjawab
to answer
membosankan
boring
keren
fashionable, cool
memilih
to choose
kok
how come?
memperbaiki
to repair
kompor
stove
mengambil
to take, fetch
kuat
strong
menjual
to sell
kuning
yellow
mewah
luxurious
lho
wow
tempat
place
Asking and Answering Yang Mana Questions
The phrase yang mana is the equivalent of the English “which” meaning “which one” when you
want to ask about a choice between two or more things. When you are asking about things and
places (and sometimes people) yang mana follows the noun it is asking about.
Rumah yang mana?
Which house?
Dosen yang mana?
Which lecturer?
Anda lebih suka hotel yang mana?
Which hotel do you prefer?
If you are speaking informally, you can drop the yang.
Denny, kamu senang warung mana?
Denny, which eatery do you like?
Lesson 79
Kamu pilih mana? Heh? Ayo, jawab!
Which do you choose. Eh? C’mon, answer!
In some contexts where the thing you are asking about is already clear and understood, you
can simply say:
Yang mana?
Which?
Ibu Astuti memilih yang mana?
Which did Ibu Astuti choose?
Now look at this fragment of scintillating English dialogue.
I want to buy a shirt.
Which shirt do you want to buy?
I want the red shirt.
Okay. The red shirt is certainly a nicer shirt than the blue shirt.
Although these are all correct sentences, when we look at the sequence as a whole there’s
something a bit strange about them. The word “shirt” is repeated too often. In actual conversation
we might say something more like this:
I want to buy a shirt.
Which one do you want to buy?
I want the red one.
Okay. The red one is certainly a nicer one than the blue one.
In this dialogue the word one functions as a pronoun—it is a kind of shorthand substitute for
the noun shirt. Using one means you don’t have to repeat shirt over and over. And one can be
part of a noun phrase like “the red one” that begins with the, a, an, some and various other determiners that mark nouns in English.
In Indonesian yang can be used to create similar noun phrases. Check the occurrences of yang
in this Indonesian rendering of the above dialogue.
Saya mau membeli baju.
I want to buy a shirt.
Anda mau membeli yang mana?
Which one do you want to buy?
Saya mau membeli yang merah.
I want to buy the red one.
Baik. Memang yang merah lebih bagus daripada yang biru.
Okay. The red one is certainly nicer than the blue one.
Yang can also form noun phrases with ini, itu, di sini, di situ and di sana.
Anda minta yang ini atau yang itu?
Do you want this one or that one?
Saya minta yang di sana saja.
I’d like the one just over there.
Exercise 79-01
Answer these questions without repeating the underlined word, and using yang plus an
adjective (like murah, besar etc.), or a demonstrative pronoun (ini or itu) or an adverb of place (di
Lesson 79
sini, di situ or di sana) to refer back to the thing asked about in the question. Begin your answer
with saya as if each question were directed at you personally. Study the examples first before doing the exercise. If you need to, you can scan the words and phrases below to see if any of them
fit. Remember, you can double the number of adjectives at your disposal by negating them with
tidak.
baru—lama—murah—mahal—bagus—biru—putih—hitam—merah—kuning—hijau—cepat—
mudah—sukar—keren—kecil—besar—dingin—panas—dekat—menarik—biasa—kasar—
cantik—efisien—kuat—enak—menyapu—mewah—modern—populer—manis—
menyenangkan—ini—itu—di sini—di situ—di sana
Pertanyaan: Ibu mau membeli kompor yang mana?
Jawaban: Saya mau membeli yang di sana. (I want to buy the one over there.)
Pertanyaan: Anda akan mengambil mobil yang mana?
Jawaban: Saya akan mengambil yang baru. (I’m going to take the new one.)
1. Anda akan mengambil mata kuliah yang mana?
2. Ibu akan memakai baju yang mana?
3. Bapak akan naik bus yang mana?
4. Ibu mau memilih lemari es yang mana?
5. Anda akan mencoba rumah makan yang mana?
6. Bapak ingin membaca majalah yang mana?
7. Anda akan menanam bunga yang mana?
8. Bapak akan memperbaiki televisi yang mana dulu?
9. Anda akan menyapu kamar yang mana dulu?
10. Ibu mau menjual sepeda yang mana?
Which is the bigger/better/higher/faster?
To ask which of two choices is better you can say:
Yang mana yang lebih baik?
Which is better?
Slightly more informally you can drop the lebih without changing the meaning:
Yang mana yang baik?
Which is better?
And even more informally, you can drop the yang:
Mana yang baik?
Which is better?
Your answer to these kinds of questions usually (but not always) echoes the pattern of the
question.
Universitas yang mana yang lebih baik?
Which university is the better one?
Universitas Widya Buana yang lebih baik.
Widya Buana University is the better one.
Lesson 79
Yang mana yang lebih mahal?
Which is more expensive? (or: Which one is the more expensive one?)
Yang biru yang lebih mahal.
The blue one is more expensive. (or: It is the blue one that is more
expensive.)
Tempat yang mana yang lebih enak?
Which place is nicer?
Menurut pendapat saya, Brisbane jauh lebih enak.
In my opinion, Brisbane is far nicer.
Yang mana is often used to ask about the differences between two things or places using the
adverb lebih and the conjunction atau (or).
Kota yang mana yang lebih luas: Los Angeles atau New York?
Which city is larger: Los Angeles or New York?
Hmmm, saya kira Los Angeles yang lebih luas.
Hmmm, I think Los Angeles is larger.
Pulau yang mana yang lebih indah: Sulawesi atau Jawa?
Which island is more beautiful: Sulawesi or Java?
Yang mana ya? Barangkali pulau Sulawesi yang lebih indah.
Which one, I wonder. Probably Sulawesi is more beautiful.
Kompor yang mana yang lebih mahal: kompor minyak atau kompor gas?
Which stove is more expensive: a kerosene or a gas stove?
Katanya, kompor gas yang lebih mahal.
They say that gas stoves are more expensive.
Exercise 79-02
Imitating the pattern in the model sentences above, write some questions comparing two alternatives. Each question should begin with the word given. Study the examples below before
starting to write.
Gedung Gedung yang mana yang lebih indah: Gedung Pena atau Menara Imperium?
Dosen Dosen yang mana yang lebih membosankan: Pak Hassan atau Bu Sudibyo?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Negara
Tugas
SMA
Mata kuliah
5.
6.
7.
8.
Pekerjaan
Daerah
Cerita
Tempat
9. Desa
10. Toko
11. Seri TV
Dialogue: Which Is Better?
Look at the questions you have written in Exercise 79-01. With your teacher/tutor, or with a fellow student, use these questions as the beginning point for a dialogue. Preface your question with
one of these phrases:
Menurut pendapat Anda…
Menurut Anda…
Saya mau bertanya, menurut Anda…
Aku mau tanya, kalo menurut kamu…
Lesson 79
Preface the answer with one of these phrases:
Menurut pendapat saya,…
Saya kira,…
Kalo aku,…
When you have heard the answer, ask a follow-up question or make a follow-up comment that
presents a different opinion. If you are speaking formally you might say:
O begitu. Tetapi maaf, saya kurang setuju. Menurut pendapat saya…
If you are speaking informally you might say…
Lho, kamu kok bisa bilang gitu! Kamu salah… salah banget! Kalo aku,…
Try to create momentum in the dialogue by calling on every resource that you have studied so
far. When eventually you exhaust the possibilities of the topic, choose another question from Exercise 79-01 and re-boot the conversation. See how long you can keep going in fluent, clear Indonesian.
Latihan 1—Kosa Kata Lalu
Jodohkan kata-kata di sebelah kiri dengan terjemahannya di sebelah kanan.
atau
cool, stylish
menjawab
to sell
bilang
course at university
membosankan
boring
keren
or
memilih
luxurious
kok
stove
memperbaiki
place
kompor
strong
mengambil
to answer
kuat
to say
menjual
to choose
kuning
why?, how come?
mewah
to go and get sth.
luas
wide, broad
tempat
to repair
mata kuliah
yellow
Latihan 2—Pertanyaan dan Jawaban
Jodohkan pertanyaan di kolom kiri dengan jawabannya di kolom kanan.
1. Kamu suka ikan goreng yang mana?
a. Yang kebunnya besar.
2. Anda mencari restoran yang mana?
b. Yang tidak pedas.
3. Rumahmu yang mana?
c. Yang tidak membosankan.
4. Mobilnya yang mana?
d. Yang cepat.
5. Mau ambil mata kuliah yang mana?
e. Yang makanannya enak.
Lesson 79
Latihan 3—Menyimak:Pertanyaan dan Jawaban
Listen to Sound File 079-01. You will hear ten questions. For each of the ten
questions, an answer is provided in the right column of the following table. Select the
order of the answers as they appear in the sound file.
1.
a. Yang kuning saja.
2.
b. Yang menulis tentang berita politik.
3.
c. Yang baru dibeli di Toko Baju Keren kemarin.
4.
d. Yang warnanya putih dan dijual di Toko Elektronik Jaya.
5.
e. Yang dosennya tidak membosankan.
6.
f. Yang memasak masakan Indonesia.
7.
g. Yang harga tiketnya murah.
8.
h. Kamar saya dulu.
9.
i. Saya rasa saya akan memperbaiki yang kecil dulu.
10.
j. Saya rasa sepeda kakak karena miliknya sudah rusak.
Latihan 4—Pemahaman
Jawablah pertanyaan-pertanyaan berikut sesuai dengan bacaannya.
Baju yang Mana?
H
ari ini saya, Tika, dan Andin pergi ke pusat perbelanjaan. Kami pergi ke Pacific Place.
Di dekat Pacific Place ada Plaza Senayan, Plaza Semanggi, dan Plaza Indonesia yang
juga pusat perbelanjaan. Namun kami memilih Pacific Place karena tempatnya lebih mewah dan enak. Pertama-tama, kami pergi ke toko baju karena Andin ingin membeli baju
baru. Banyak sekali jenis baju di sana.“Kamu mau beli baju yang mana, Andin?” tanya
Tika.“Saya mau beli baju yang berwarna merah dan kuning karena saya suka dua warna
itu.” “Saya rasa baju yang di sana itu bagus,” kata saya sambil mengambil baju berwarna
merah.“Betul.” Andin mengambil baju itu. “Tapi saya kurang suka warnanya,” kata
Tika.“Bagaimana kalau yang ini?” tanya saya sambil mengambil baju warna kuning.“Ya,
yang ini bagus juga tapi saya lebih suka baju yang itu.”
Akhirnya Andin membeli baju warna merah itu. Sesudah dari toko baju kami makan di
Restoran Indonesia. Kami makan banyak sekali karena makanan di situ betul-betul enak.
Sesudah makan kami pergi ke toko buku. Saya ingin membeli buku cerita dan Tika ingin
membeli majalah. Saya suka membaca. Di rumah saya punya banyak sekali buku cerita.
Akhirnya saya membeli dua buku cerita dan Tika membeli tiga majalah. Sesudah dari toko
buku kami pulang ke rumah naik bus.
Lesson 79
1. On what day do they go to the department store?
A. Yesterday
B. Tomorrow
C. Today
D. The day after tomorrow
2. What department store do they go to?
A. Pacific Place
B. Plaza Senayan
C. Plaza Indonesia
D. Plaza Semanggi
3. Why do they choose that department store?
A. Because it is the nearest department store from their house.
B. Because the prices there are much cheaper.
C. Because the place is more convenient and luxurious.
D. Because they usually meet their friends there.
4. What colour of t-shirt does the writer first suggest to Andin?
A. Red
B. Yellow
C. Blue
D. Orange
5. Why does Tika disagree with Andin and the writer about the t-shirt?
A. Because she wants Andin to choose another t-shirt.
B. Because she wants to buy the t-shirt for herself.
C. Because she wants Andin to choose another colour.
D. Because she thinks the price is too expensive.
6. Andin finally bought a t-shirt in what colour?
A. Red
B. Blue
C. Orange
D. Yellow
7. Why do they eat a lot in the restaurant?
A. Because the price is extremely cheap.
B. Because they get a discount for the food.
C. Because the food is really delicious.
D. Because the food is really delicious and the price is affordable.
8. Why does the writer want to buy some books?
A. Because she has read all her books at home.
B. Because she is assigned to read some books by her professor.
C. Because she enjoys reading.
D. Because she often has nothing to do at home.
Lesson 79
Latihan 5—Isian
Lengkapi teks berikut dengan memilih kata yang tepat: akhirnya—betul-betul—cerita—enak
—juga—kurang—majalah—membaca—membeli—memilih—mengambil—pulang—pusat
perbelanjaan—sesudah—toko buku—yang di sana—yang ini—yang itu—yang mana
Hari ini saya, Tika, dan Andin pergi ke __________. Kami pergi ke Pacific Place. Di dekat
Pacific Place ada Plaza Senayan, Plaza Semanggi, dan Plaza Indonesia yang __________
pusat perbelanjaan. Namun kami __________ Pacific Place karena tempatnya lebih mewah dan __________. Pertama-tama, kami pergi ke toko baju karena Andin ingin
__________ baju baru. Banyak sekali jenis baju di sana.
“Kamu mau beli baju __________, Andin?” tanya Tika.
“Saya mau beli baju yang berwarna merah dan kuning karena saya suka dua warna itu.”
“Saya rasa baju __________ itu bagus,” kata saya sambil mengambil baju berwarna merah.
“Betul.” Andin __________ baju itu.
“Tapi saya __________ suka warnanya,” kata Tika.
“Bagaimana kalau __________?” tanya saya.
“Ya, yang ini bagus juga tapi saya lebih suka baju __________.”
Akhirnya Andin membeli baju warna merah itu. __________ dari toko baju kami makan di
Restoran Indonesia. Kami makan banyak sekali karena makanan di situ __________
enak. Sesudah makan kami pergi ke __________. Saya ingin membeli buku __________
dan Tika ingin membeli majalah. Saya suka __________. Di rumah saya punya banyak
sekali buku cerita. __________ saya membeli dua buku cerita dan Tika membeli tiga
__________. Sesudah dari toko buku kami __________ ke rumah naik bus.
Latihan 6—Rangkai Kata
Urutkan kata-kata di bawah ini menjadi kalimat yang benar sesuai dengan arti:
1. “Which lectures are you going to take?”
Kamu—kuliah—mata—yang—mau—mengambil—mana?
2. “Which university is more expensive?”
Universitas—yang—lebih—mana—mahal?
Lesson 79
3. “My car is much faster than yours."
Mobil—jauh—saya—cepat—daripada—lebih—mobilmu.
4. “Which city is bigger: Jakarta or Surabaya?”
Kota—besar:—lebih—atau—Jakarta—mana—yang—Surabaya?
5. “According to you, which place is nicer?”
Menurut—lebih—mana—kamu,—yang—yang—tempat—enak?
Latihan 7—Teka Teki Silang (TTS)
Mendatar:
1.
interesting
3.
oil
6.
lecture
7.
which
9.
red
11. big, broad
13. shirt
14. luxurious
Menurun:
1.
to choose
2.
nice, cozy, tasty
4.
stove
5.
yellow
8.
story
10. to buy
12. strong
Lesson 80
80 Yang Paling...
Aims
• To practise using yang paling to
express the superlative degree of
comparison
Vocabulary Review
Here are some of the frequent words used
in this lesson that have appeared in previous
lessons. Make sure that you remember their
meanings.
Danau Toba—Danau yang paling besar di Asia Tenggara. © Johnny Siahaan
acara
programme, event
mari
let’s, come on
aman
safe
membosankan
boring
aneh
weird, strange
menang
to win
angka
number
milik
property of
berani
brave
muda
young
bermacam-macam
various
pantai
coast, beach
cepat
fast, quick
pemirsa
viewers, audience
danau
lake
pertama
first (1st)
dunia
world, earth
pertanyaan
question
gunung
mountain
selesai
finished, completed
jawaban
answer
semua
all
kanan
right
sukar
difficult
kiri
left
sungai
river
lengkap
complete
tengah
middle, central
luas
wide, broad
terletak
be situated
manis
sweet
Lesson 80
How to Say “The Most .....”
In English there are two main ways to express what is
called the superlative degree of comparison. (The superlative
degree is the form of an adjective indicating that what is described by the adjective has “the most of” some quality compared to anything or anyone else.) If the adjective is a short
word (one or two syllables) usually we add the ending “-est”,
and if the adjective concerned has more than two syllables
we put “the most...” in front of it. For example:
Cilacap is the neatest city in Central Java.
Tokyo is the most ex