Studi Deskriptif Mengenai Ethnic Identity Pada Dewasa Awal Keturunan Tionghoa di Paguyuban "X" Bandung.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini berjudul “Studi Deskriptif Mengenai Ethnic Identity Pada
Dewasa Awal Keturunan Tionghoa di Paguyuban “X”Bandung”. Penelitian ini
dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran mengenai ethnic identity pada individu
dewasa awal (17-33 tahun) keturunan Tionghoa di Paguyuban “X” Bandung.
Ethnic identity adalah suatu gagasan kompleks yang mencakup proses eksplorasi
dan komitmen seseorang dalam mengidentifikasikan diri sendiri terhadap
kelompok etnisnya, memiliki perasaan kebersamaan terhadap kelompok etnisnya,
memiliki evaluasi positif maupun negatif tentang kelompoknya, serta adanya
keterlibatan dalam aktivitas sosial dari kelompok etnisnya sesuai dengan maksud
dan tujuan penelitian maka rancangan penelitian yang diajukan menggunakan
metode deskriptif dengan teknik survei. Adapun yang menjadi variabel dalam
penelitian ini adalah ethnic identity. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini
menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan ukuran sampel 200 dewasa
awal.
Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah kuesioner mengenai ethnic identity yang
diadaptasi dari The Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measures (MEIM) dari Jean S.
Phinney (1992) yang terdiri dari 20 pernyataan. Data yang diperoleh diolah
menggunakan SPSS 12.0. Hasil penelitian disajikan dengan teknik distribusi
frekuensi dan tabulasi silang. Hasilnya adalah sejumlah 61,5% dewasa awal
keturunan Tionghoa memiliki status achieved ethnic identity. Faktor eksternal
yang cukup besar mempengaruhi ethnic identity responden adalah kontak budaya
yang dilakukan.
Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah sebagian besar
dewasa awal keturunan Tionghoa di Paguyuban “X” Kota Bandung (61.5%)
memiliki status achieved ethnic identity, individu menunjukkan usaha untuk
mencari informasi lebih banyak mengenai etnisnya dan melakukan keputusan
untuk ikut terlibat dalam kegiatan-kegiatan etnisnya. Sebagian besar individu
dewasa awal tersebut mengalami kontak budaya dengan etnis lain sehingga
mereka menerima informasi tentang etnis Tionghoa maupun etnis non-Tionghoa
dan mereka dapat membandingkan etnis Tionghoa dengan etnis lain. Saran yang
diajukan untuk penelitian selanjutnya adalah melakukan penelitian mengenai
ethnic identity pada responden etnis Tionghoa Paguyuban ”X” di luar kota
Bandung yang kontak budayanya relatif lebih heterogen dan mengaitkan ethnic
identity dengan variabel lain misalnya pola asuh keluarga, pendidikan, kontak
budaya. Saran praktis yang dapat dilakukan oleh Paguyuban “X” agar dapat
mengadakan berbagai macam pagelaran seni budaya Tionghoa seperti tarian,
kuliner, pakaian etnis Tionghoa yang dikemas secara menarik dan diharapkan
agar orang tua dapat melakukan komunikasi dua arah yang terbuka dengan
anak-anaknya saat memberikan informasi mengenai etnis Tionghoa dan
memberikan kesempatan kepada anak-anaknya untuk mengeksplorasi etnis
Tionghoa maupun etnis lainnya dengan cara mendorong anaknya untuk bergaul
dengan multietnis.
(2)
ABSTRACT
The title of this research is “Descriptive Study of Ethnic Identity of early
adulthood Chinese decent at “X” community in Bandung. This research was done
in order to recognized the vision of ethnic identity of early adulthood (17-33 years
old) Chinese decent at “X” community in Bandung. Ethnic identity is a complex
idea which including exploration process and an individual commitment of self
identification on his/ her ethnic community, having sense of belonging on his/ her
community, having positive or negative evaluation of his/ her community, being
involve on social activity of his/ her ethnic community. According the purpose of
the research, the research would be applied by using descriptive method with
survey technique. The variable of this experiment is the ethnic identity. The
sample of the research was taken by purposive sampling method by 200 early
adulthood sample quantity.
This research measurement was using a questioner about ethnic identity
which adopted from The Multigroup Ethnic Measures (MEIM), Jean S. Phinney
(1992) which including 20 statements. The result data is processed by using SPSS
12.0. The discussion result using frequencies distribution and cross tabulation.
The result is the most of Chinese early adulthood having achieved ethnic identity.
The most external factor that invokes ethnic identity respondents is culture
interaction.
The conclusion of this research is the most of Chinese early adulthood in
Paguyuban "X" of Bandung (61.5%) owning status of achieved identity ethnic,
individual show effort to look for more information of ethnicity and make decision
to involve in their ethnical activity. Most of Chinese early adulhood have
experience of cultural contact with other ethnically so that they accept
information about Chinese ethnical and also the others so they can compare
ethnically of Chinese and the others. The further research suggestion: research of
ethnic identity on Chinese ethnic community outside Bandung city which having
more heterogenic ethnic interaction and using another variable; child rearing,
educational background, and culture interaction. Practical suggestion able to be
done/conducted by Society "X" to be can perform assorted of artistic performance
of Chinese culture like dance, culinary, ethnical clothes of Chinese and expected
the parents can do two open direction way of communication with their children
for giving information regarding ethnically of Chinese and give opportunity to the
children to explore Chinese culture and also other ethnic by pushing them
associate with multiethnic.
(3)
DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
... i
ABSTRAK
... ii
ABSTRACT
... iii
DAFTAR ISI
……….………… iv
DAFTAR BAGAN
... viii
DAFTAR TABEL
... ix
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
... x
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1
Latar Belakang Masalah……….…… 1
1.2
Identifikasi Masalah……….…….. 10
1.3
Maksud dan Tujuan Penelitian……….….. 10
1.3.1 Maksud
Penelitian……….……. 10
1.3.2 Tujuan
Penelitian……….…... 10
1.4
Kegunaan Penelitian……….……….. 10
1.4.1 Kegunaan
Penelitian……….…….
10
1.4.2 Kegunaan
Praktis……….……... 11
1.5
Kerangka Pikir………...…….……….. 11
(4)
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
2.1
Ethnic Identity
... 25
2.1.1
Definisi
Ethnic Identity
... 25
2.1.2
Kerangka Pikir Kontekstual dalam pembentukan
Ethnic
Identity
... 25
2.1.3
Komponen
Ethnic Identity
... 33
2.2
Ego Identity
... 39
2.3
Ciri-ciri usia dewasa awal... 50
2.4
Budaya Tionghoa... 52
2.4.1 Penyebaran
Budaya
Tionghoa... 52
2.4.2 Latar Belakang Kebudayaan Orang Tionghoa di Indonesia. 54
2.4.3 Ajaran-ajaran pada Masyarakat Etnik Tionghoa………… 55
2.4.4 Nilai-nilai Familisme……….
60
2.4.5 Kehidupan Tradisional Masyarakat Tionghoa di Indonesia. 62
2.4.6 Upacara-upacara Tradisional………. 63
2.4.7. Stereotipe Negatif Terhadap Orang Keturunan Tionghoa di
Indonesia………
64
2.5
Kebudayaan……... 65
2.5.1 Definisi
Kebudayaan………... 65
2.5.2 Tiga
wujud
Kebudayaan………. 65
(5)
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
3.1
Rancangan Penelitian………. 68
3.2
Variabel Penelitian dan Definisi Operasional…………...………. 69
3.2.1
Variabel Penelitian……….. 69
3.2.2
Definisi Operasional………...……… 69
3.2.2.1
Ethnic Identity
... 69
3.2.2.2 Eksplorasi dan Komitmen... 70
3.3
Alat Ukur……… 72
3.3.1
Alat Ukur Status
Ethnic Identity
...………. 72
3.3.2
Prosedur Pengisian...……….……… 72
3.3.3
Sistem Penilaian... 72
3.3.4
Data Penunjang...……….……… 74
3.4
Validitas dan Reliabilitas Alat Ukur...
74
3.4.1
Validitas Alat Ukur..……….
74
3.4.2
Reliabilitas Alat Ukur………
75
3.5
Populasi dan Teknik Penarikan Sampel.………..
77
3.5.1
Populasi Sasaran...
77
3.5.2
Karakteristik Populasi...
77
3.5.3
Teknik Penarikan Sampel...
77
3.5.4
Ukuran Sampel...
77
(6)
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN
4.1 Gambaran
Responden...
79
4.2 Data
Hasil
Penelitian………..
81
4.3 Pembahasan……….
81
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
5.1 Kesimpulan...
96
5.2
Saran... 98
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
... 100
DAFTAR RUJUKAN
... 101
(7)
DAFTAR BAGAN
Bagan 1.1
Kerangka Pemikiran...
23
(8)
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1
Tabel Istilah yang digunakan untuk empat
organisasi, yang didasarkan pada derajat
identifikasi dengan kelompok etnis asal dan
kelompok mayoritas...
29
Tabel 3.1
Tabel kisi-kisi alat ukur
ethnic identity………
... 72
Tabel 3.2
Tabel kategori tahap
ethnic identity……
... ……. 73
Tabel 3.3
Tabel data penunjang
ethnic identity……
... ……. 74
Tabel 4.1
Tabel nama yang dimiliki responden...
79
Tabel 4.2
Tabel jenis kelamin responden...
79
Tabel 4.3
Tabel agama responden... 80
Tabel 4.4
Tabel pendidikan responden... 80
Tabel 4.5
Tabel usia responden……...
80
(9)
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1
Kuisioner Pengambilan Data
Lampiran 2
Tabel Validitas
Lampiran 3
Tabel Reliabilitas
Lampiran 4
Data Mentah
Lampiran 5
Tabel Pengelompokan status
Ethnic Identity
Lampiran 6
Tabel Pengelompokan komponen
Ethnic Identity
Lampiran 7
Tabel
Crosstabs
Status
Ethnic Identity
dengan faktor
internal
Lampiran 8
Tabel
Crosstabs
Status
Ethnic Identity
dengan Komponen
Ethnic
Identity
Lampiran 9
Tabel
Crosstab
status
Ethnic Identity
dengan
masing
item
(10)
Lampiran 1
MULTIPLE ETHNIC IDENTITY MEASUREMENT by Phinney
PETUNJUK PENGISIAN KUESIONER
Di dalam kuesioner ini terdapat pernyataan- pernyataan tentang apa yang
Saudara lakukan atau bagaimana perasaan Saudara mengenai etnisitas yang Saudara
miliki. Tugas Saudara adalah memilih satu dari empat pilihan jawaban yang Saudara
anggap sesuai dengan diri Saudara.
Pilihlah satu jawaban dari empat pilihan jawaban yang telah disediakan dengan
memberikan TANDA SILANG (X) pada kolom setiap pernyataan.
Jawaban SS
: Sangat Setuju, jika Saudara sangat setuju dengan pernyataan yang
ada
Jawaban S
: Setuju, jika Saudara setuju pernyataan yang ada.
Jawaban TS : Tidak Setuju, jika Saudara sangat menyetujui pernyataan yang ada.
Jawaban STS : Sangat Tidak Setuju, jika Saudara sangat tidak setuju dengan
pernyataan yang ada.
Nama yang saudara miliki
:
•
Nama Indonesia saja (inisial)
: ...
•
Nama Mandarin saja (inisial)
: ...
( Berilah tanda (X) silang pada jawaban yang sesuai dengan keadaan saudara )
Jenis
Kelamin
:
•
Laki-Laki
•
Perempuan
Usia
:
...
Etnis Saya adalah
: ...
Pendidikan Terakhir
: ...
Agama
:
...
(11)
NO. Pernyataan SS
S
TS
STS
1. Saya
meluangkan
waktu
untuk mencoba mencari tahu
lebih banyak tentang kelompok etnis Tionghoa, seperti
bagaimana sejarahnya, tradisi dan adat.
2. Saya aktif dalam organisasi atau kelompok sosial
dimana kebanyakan anggotanya adalah beretnis
Tionghoa
3.
Saya mengerti dengan jelas mengenai latar belakang
kebudayaan etnis Tionghoa dan apa artinya bagi
kehidupan saya.
4. Saya lebih senang bertemu dan mendapatkan
pengetahuan tentang kelompok etnis lain daripada
pengetahuan tentang kelompok etnis Tionghoa.
5.
Saya berpikir banyak tentang bagaimana kehidupan saya
dipengaruhi oleh keanggotaan saya sebagai anggota
kelompok etnis Tionghoa.
6.
Saya merasa bahagia karena saya menjadi bagian dari
kelompok etnis Tionghoa.
7.
Kadang-kadang saya ingin jika lebih baik
kelompok-kelompok etnis lain di luar etnis Tionghoa tidak
mencoba bergabung bersama-sama dengan kelompok
etnis Tionghoa.
8.
Saya tidak terlalu menghayati peran etnisitas Tionghoa
dalam kehidupan saya.
9.
Saya lebih sering menghabiskan waktu dengan
orang-orang yang berasal dari luar kelompok etnis Tionghoa.
10. Saya tidak menghabiskan terlalu banyak waktu untuk
mencoba mempelajari lebih banyak lagi tentang budaya
dan sejarah etnis Tionghoa.
11. Saya memiliki rasa persaudaraan yang kuat terhadap
kelompok etnis Tionghoa.
12.
Saya cukup mengerti apa arti keanggotaan saya dalam
kelompok etnis Tionghoa, dimana dalam hal ini saya
mengerti bagaimana hubungan kelompok etnis
Tionghoa dan kelompok etnis lainnya
13. Saya berdikusi dengan orang-orang kelompok etnis
Tionghoa untuk mempelajari latar belakang budaya
Tionghoa lebih mendalam.
(12)
14. Saya merasa bangga terhadap etnis Tionghoa dan
menjadi anggota etnis Tionghoa merupakan suatu
prestasi yang membanggakan bagi saya.
15. Saya tidak berusaha berteman dengan orang-orang di
luar kelompok etnis Tionghoa.
16.
Saya turut berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan-kegiatan praktis
budaya Tionghoa, seperti makanan khas, music khas
atau kebiasaan-kebiasaan khas etnis Tionghoa.
17. Saya terlibat dalam kegiatan-kegiatan dengan
orang-orang yang berasal dari luar kelompok etnis Tionghoa.
18. Saya merasakan kedekatan yang cukup kuat dengan
kelompok etnis Tionghoa yang saya miliki.
19. Saya lebih senang berada diantara orang-orang yang
berasal dari kelompok etnis lain daripada berada
diantara kelompok etnis saya sendiri yaitu etnis
Tionghoa.
20. Saya senang dengan latar belakang dan budaya etnis
Tionghoa.
DATA PENUNJANG
Untuk pertanyaan di bawah ini, Saudara diharapkan memilih jawaban sesuai dengan
diri Saudara dengan memberi tanda silang dan/ atau mengisi bagian yang titik-titik.
Perhatikan untuk beberapa instruksi cara pengisian yang berbeda dari beberapa
pertanyaan yang ada di bawah.
1.
Sebagai orang keturunan Tionghoa, Saudara memandang diri saudara ...
a. Masih memegang kuat tradisi Cina (totok)
b. Tradisi yang dipegang sudah berbaur dengan budaya lain yaitu budaya ...
c. Tradisi Cina sudah sama sekali ditinggalkan
2.
Jika saudara menjawab pilihan a atau b pada nomor 1 tradisi apa saja yang
dilakukan oleh saudara, tolong jelaskan (misalnya berbahasa, sebutan, berpakaian,
makanan, hari raya, kesenian, upacara, dll)
...
...
...
(13)
3.
Semenjak kecil hingga saat ini Saudara tinggal di ...
a. Rumah bersama orang tua
b. Rumah saudara
c. Kost
*(Jika jawaban lebih dari satu, silakan saudara pilih tempat yang paling lama
saudara diami)
*Bila di no 3 saudara menjawab a langsung ke pertanyaan no 5
4.
Apa mayoritas suku bangsa mereka?
a. Tionghoa
b. Sunda
c. Jawa
d. Batak
e. Lain-lain, yaitu :………...
5.
Suku bangsa/ etnis Ayah saudara :
6.
Suku bangsa/ etnis Ibu saudara :
7.
Sejak kecil, nilai-nilai budaya yang lebih ditanamkan dalam keluarga saya adalah
a. Budaya Tionghoa
b. Budaya Sunda
c. Budaya suku bangsa lain, yaitu ...
8.
Kebanyakan teman akrab Saudara berasal dari suku bangsa:
a. Tionghoa
b. Sunda
c. Jawa
d. Batak
e. Lain-lain, yaitu :………...
9.
Saudara lebih banyak menghabiskan waktu dengan melakukan aktivitas
bersama...
a. Orang-orang yang sama-sama berasal dari keturunan Tionghoa
b. Orang-orang yang berasal dari suku yang berbeda.
c. Sama banyaknya
*Pilihan jawaban a dan b pada nomor 10 diisi dengan cara mencoret jawaban
yang tidak sesuai dengan diri Saudara
10.
Media massa yang tersedia di tempat tinggal saudara :
a. Saluran televisi (satelit lokal saja/ satelit asing (barat/asia)/ lokal dan asing)
b. Bacaan (lokal saja/ asing saja (barat/asia)/ local dan asing)
(14)
11.
Saudara lebih menyukai dan menikmati hiburan yang :
a. Bernuansa Indonesia (tayangan Indonesia, musik Indonesia, bacaan Indonesia,
dll)
b. Bernuansa Cina (tayangan Mandarin, musik Mandarin, bacaan Mandarin, dll)
c. a dan b
d. Lain-lain, yaitu :……...
12.
Saudara mengetahui dan mengenal budaya Tionghoa dari:
a. Orang tua
b. Kakek-Nenek
c. Saudara
d. Teman
e. Media massa
f. Lain-lain, yaitu :……...
13.
Saudara lebih menghayati dan mengakui diri saudara sebagai suku bangsa:
a. Tionghoa
b. Sunda
c. Jawa
d. Lain-lain, yaitu :……...
*pertanyaan nomor 14 dan 15 hanya dijawab oleh mereka yang memilih pilihan
(a) pada pertanyaan no 13.
14.
Pengaruh paling besar sehingga saudara merasa dan memilih mengakui diri
sebagai orang Tionghoa berasal dari:
a. Keluarga
b. Teman
c. Agama
d. Media massa
e. Lain-lain, yaitu :……...
15.
Yang paling mendukung saudara dalam menjalankan kegiatan-kegiatan saudara
sebagai etnis Tionghoa ialah :
a. Keluarga
b. Teman
c. Agama
d. Media massa
(15)
16.
Yang paling menghambat saudara dalam menjalankan kegiatan-kegiatan saudara
sebagai etnis Tionghoa ialah :
a. Keluarga
b. Teman
c. Agama
d. Media massa
e. Lain-lain, yaitu :……...
*Di pertanyaan no 17 dan 18 saudara diperkenankan untuk memilih jawaban lebih
dari satu dan diminta untuk memberi contoh pada jawaban yang saudara pilih.
17.
Kebudayaan Tionghoa yang saudara ketahui:
a. Sopan santun: ...
b. Upacara peringatan (kelahiran/kematian) : ...
c. Kesenian Tradisional : ...
d. Bahasa Mandarin(HokKian,Khe, dll)………
e. Hari raya Tionghoa : ...
f. Tidak tahu
18.
Kebudayaan Tionghoa yang saudara terapkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari:
a. Sopan santun: ...
b. Upacara peringatan (kelahiran/kematian) : ...
c. Kesenian Tradisional : ...
d. Bahasa Mandarin (Hok Kian, ke, dll)………
e. Hari raya Tionghoa : ...
f. Tidak ada
(16)
Lampiran 2
Validitas Alat Ukur
No
Item
Validitas Keterangan
1
0. 7121
Diterima
2
0. 4095
Diterima
3
0. 6623
Diterima
4
0. 8346
Diterima
5
0. 4934
Diterima
6
0. 4840
Diterima
7
0. 8346
Diterima
8
0. 8199
Diterima
9
0. 4095
Diterima
10
0. 6185
Diterima
11
0. 8199
Diterima
12
0. 6366
Diterima
13
0. 3367
Diterima
14
0. 5233
Diterima
15
0. 6388
Diterima
16
0. 4518
Diterima
17
0. 8346
Diterima
18
0. 6201
Diterima
19
0. 6623
Diterima
20
0. 3109
Diterima
(17)
Lampiran 3
Reliabilitas Alat Ukur
****** Method 1 (space saver) will be used for this analysis ******
R E L I A B I L I T Y A N A L Y S I S - S C A L E (A L P H A)
Reliability Coefficients
N of Cases = 200.0 N of Items = 20
Alpha = .9285
(18)
Lampiran 4. Data Mentah
XI X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 X8 X9 X10
X11
X12 X13
X14
X15
X16
X17
X18
X19
X20
1
3 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 3
2
3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3
3
3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 2 3
4
3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 2 3
5
2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 3
6
2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2
7
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
8
2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3
9
2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 3
10
2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2
11
2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
12
3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
13
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
14
3 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 3
15
2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 3
16
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
17
3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 2 3
18
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
19
2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
20
2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3
21
3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 3
22
2 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2
23
2 3 3 3 2 4 3 3 3 2 3 4 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
24
3 2 3 3 3 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 1 3 3 2 3 3 3 4
25
4 2 2 4 2 3 4 4 2 2 4 2 2 3 2 2 4 3 2 3
26
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4
(19)
28
2 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3
29
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
30
2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3
31
2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 3
32
2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2
33
2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
34
2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
35
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
36
2 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 3
37
3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 1 2 3 2 3 3 3 2
38
3 2 2 3 2 4 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 4
39
2 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 1 3 3 1 3
40
3 3 3 4 3 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 3
41
3 2 2 3 2 4 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 4
42
2 2 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 4
43
4 2 2 4 4 3 4 4 2 2 4 4 2 2 2 3 4 3 2 3
44
2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 1 3 2 2 2 3 2
45
3 2 2 3 3 4 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 3
46
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2
47
2 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
48
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
49
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3
50
2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 1 2
51
3 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
52
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2
53
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2
54
3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
55
3 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 4 3 4 3 3
(20)
57
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2
58
3 3 2 3 4 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 2 4 2 4 3 4 2 4
59
2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3
60
3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 3
61
3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 2
62
3 2 2 3 2 4 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 3
63
2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 1 2 1 2 3 2 1 2 2
64
3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2
65
2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3
66
2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
67
2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 1 3 3 3 2 3 3 3
68
3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2
69
3 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3
70
3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
71
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
72
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2
73
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
74
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
75
3 2 2 3 3 4 3 3 2 2 3 1 1 2 2 2 3 2 2 4
76
2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 1 2 1 2 3 2 1 2 2
77
1 2 1 1 1 4 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 4 1 2 1 3 1 2
78
3 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 3
79
3 3 3 3 3 4 3 2 3 2 2 4 2 4 2 4 3 4 3 4
80
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2
81
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
82
3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 3
83
2 3 3 4 2 3 4 4 3 2 4 4 2 3 3 3 4 3 3 4
84
3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 4 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
(21)
86
3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 2
87
3 2 2 3 2 4 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 3
88
3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3
89
3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 1 2 2 3 3 3 2 3
90
2 2 1 2 3 4 2 2 2 1 2 3 2 4 1 2 2 4 1 4
91
3 2 1 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 1 1 3 2 3 3 3 1 4
92
3 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3
93
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
94
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
95
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2
96
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
97
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
98
3 2 2 3 3 4 3 3 2 2 3 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 2 4
99
2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 1 2 3 2 1 2 2
100
1 2 1 1 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 4 2 2 1 3 1 2
101
3 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 3
102
4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3
103
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3
104
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
105
3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 3
106
4 3 3 4 3 3 4 4 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 3
107
2 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 4 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2
108
2 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 3
109
2 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 3
110
3 2 2 3 2 4 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 3
111
3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3
112
3 3 2 3 2 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 3
113
2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2
(22)
115
2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 1 2 2 3 2 2 2 3
116
2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
117
2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
118
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
119
3 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 3
120
3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 3
121
3 1 2 3 2 4 3 3 1 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 3
122
3 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 1 3 1 1 3 3 1 3
123
4 3 3 4 3 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 4
124
3 4 3 3 3 4 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 4
125
3 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 3
126
3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 4
127
2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 3
128
4 2 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 3 4 3 2 4 3 3 4 3 3 3
129
4 2 2 4 3 3 4 4 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 2 4 3 2 2
130
2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
131
2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3
132
2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
133
2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3
134
3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 2 3
135
3 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 2
136
3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
137
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
138
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 4
139
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
140
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
141
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 4
142
2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
(23)
144
3 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2
145
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
146
3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2
147
2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 3
148
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2
149
2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2
150
3 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2
151
3 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2
152
3 2 1 3 3 2 3 3 2 1 3 3 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 2
153
3 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 2
154
2 2 4 2 1 3 2 2 2 4 2 1 3 2 4 3 2 3 4 3
155
3 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 2
156
3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 2
157
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2
158
3 4 3 3 4 4 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3
159
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 4 3 3 3 3
160
3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 1 3 3 2 3 3 3 3
161
4 3 4 4 3 3 4 4 3 4 4 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 3
162
2 2 1 2 1 3 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 4
163
2 2 4 2 1 3 2 2 2 4 2 1 3 2 4 3 2 3 4 3
164
3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 4 3 3 3 3
165
3 2 1 3 1 1 3 3 2 1 3 2 2 2 1 2 3 2 1 3
166
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 2
167
4 2 2 4 3 4 4 4 2 2 4 3 3 3 2 3 4 3 2 2
168
3 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 1 2 2 3 2 2 3
169
3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 1 3 2 3 2
171
2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 1 2 2 3 2 2 2 3
172
2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
(24)
174
3 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2
175
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
176
3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 4
177
2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 3
178
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 4
179
2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 2
180
3 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 4
181
3 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2
182
2 2 1 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 2
183
3 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3
184
2 2 4 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 3 2 4 3 2 3 4 3
185
3 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 3
186
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
187
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 3
188
2 4 3 3 2 4 3 3 4 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 4
190
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 4 3 3 3 3
191
3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2
192
4 3 4 4 3 3 4 4 3 4 4 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4
193
2 2 1 2 1 3 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 3
194
3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 2 2
195
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
196
3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2
197
2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 2
198
3 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 4
199
2 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 3
(25)
Lampiran 5. Tabel Pengelompokan status Ethnic Identity
Eksplorasi
Tingkat
Eksplorasi Komitmen
Tingkat Komitmen
Status Ethnic Identity
1 2.5 high 2.7 high achieved
2 2.4 high 2.8 high achieved
3 2.6 high 2.7 high achieved
4 2.6 high 2.7 high achieved
5 2.4 high 2.5 high achieved
6 2.4 high 2.3 high achieved
7 2 low 2 low diffuse
8 2.4 high 2.4 high achieved
9 2.2 high 2.5 high foreclosure
10 2.4 high 2.3 high achieved
11 2 low 2.1 high foreclosure
12 2.6 high 3 high achieved
13 2 low 2 low diffuse
14 2.4 high 2.8 high achieved
15 2.4 high 2.5 high achieved
16 2 low 2 low diffuse
17 2.6 high 2.7 high achieved
18 2 low 2 low diffuse
19 2.2 high 3 high achieved
20 2.2 high 2.5 high achieved
21 2.2 high 2.7 high achieved
22 2.2 high 2.7 high achieved
23 2.2 high 3.2 high achieved
24 2.4 high 3 high achieved
25 2.4 high 2.8 high achieved
26 3.8 high 4 high achieved
27 2.2 high 3.2 high achieved
28 2 low 2.4 high foreclosure
29 2 low 2 low diffuse
30 2.2 high 2.4 high achieved
31 2.2 high 2.5 high achieved
32 2.2 high 2.3 high achieved
33 2 low 2.1 high foreclosure
34 2.2 high 3 high achieved
35 2 low 2 low diffuse
36 2 low 2.8 high foreclosure
37 2.2 high 2.6 high achieved
38 2.2 high 2.9 high achieved
39 2.2 high 2.6 high achieved
40 3 high 3.4 high achieved
(26)
42 2 low 2.7 high foreclosure
43 2.8 high 3 high achieved
44 2.2 high 2.2 high achieved
45 2.4 high 2.7 high achieved
46 2 low 2.1 high foreclosure
47 2 low 2.9 high foreclosure
48 2 low 2 low diffuse
49 2 low 2.2 high foreclosure
50 2 low 2 low diffuse
51 2.4 high 2.8 high achieved
52 2 low 2.1 high foreclosure
53 2 low 2.1 high foreclosure
54 2.8 high 2.9 high achieved
55 2.4 high 2.9 high achieved
56 2.4 high 2.8 high achieved
57 2 low 2.1 high foreclosure
58 2.8 high 3.2 high achieved
59 2.2 high 2.9 high achieved
60 2.6 high 2.9 high achieved
61 2.4 high 2.7 high achieved
62 2.2 high 2.9 high achieved
63 2.4 high 2 low moratorium
64 2.4 high 2.8 high achieved
65 2 low 2.4 high foreclosure
66 2.2 high 2.1 low moratorium
67 2.2 high 2.6 high achieved
68 2.2 high 2.3 high achieved
69 2.4 high 2.7 high achieved
70 2.4 high 3 high achieved
71 2 low 2 low diffuse
72 2 low 2.1 high foreclosure
73 2 low 2 low diffuse
74 2 low 2 low diffuse
75 2.2 high 2.5 high achieved
76 2.4 high 2 low moratorium
77 1.4 low 2.1 high foreclosure
78 2.2 high 2.5 high achieved
79 2.6 high 3.4 high achieved
80 2 low 2.1 high foreclosure
81 2 low 2 low diffuse
82 2.2 high 2.7 high achieved
83 2.2 high 3.4 high achieved
84 2.6 high 3 high achieved
(27)
86 2.4 high 2.7 high achieved
87 2.2 high 2.9 high achieved
88 2.6 high 2.9 high achieved
89 2.4 high 2.7 high achieved
90 2 low 2.8 high foreclosure
91 2.2 high 2.6 high achieved
92 2.4 high 2.7 high achieved
93 3 high 3 high achieved
94 2 low 2 low diffuse
95 2 low 2.1 high foreclosure
96 2 low 2 low diffuse
97 2 low 2 low diffuse
98 2.2 high 2.6 high achieved
99 2.4 high 2.1 high moratorium 100 1.6 low 2.3 high foreclosure
101 2.2 high 2.5 high achieved
102 3.8 high 3.9 high achieved
103 2 low 2.2 high foreclosure
104 2 low 2.1 high foreclosure
105 2.2 high 2.7 high achieved
106 3.2 high 3.3 high achieved
107 2 low 2.9 high foreclosure
108 2.2 high 2.9 high achieved
109 2 low 2.8 high foreclosure
110 2.2 high 2.9 high achieved
111 2.6 high 2.9 high achieved
112 2.4 high 2.7 high achieved
113 2.4 high 2.3 high achieved
114 2.2 high 2.5 high achieved
115 2 low 2.4 high foreclosure
116 2 low 2.1 high foreclosure
117 2.2 high 3 high achieved
118 1.8 low 2 low diffuse
119 2.4 high 2.8 high achieved
120 2.8 high 2.7 high achieved
121 2 low 2.7 high foreclosure
122 2 low 2.6 high foreclosure
123 3.2 high 3.5 high achieved
124 3.2 high 3.4 high achieved
125 2.4 high 2.8 high achieved
126 2.2 high 2.6 high achieved
127 2.2 high 2.3 high achieved
128 3 high 3.3 high achieved
(28)
130 2.2 high 2.2 high achieved
131 2 low 2.4 high foreclosure
132 2.2 high 2.2 high achieved
133 2.6 high 2.6 high achieved
134 2 low 2.4 high foreclosure
135 2.4 high 2.6 high achieved
136 2.4 high 3 high achieved
137 2 low 2.1 low diffuse
138 2 low 2.3 low diffuse
139 2 low 2.1 low diffuse
140 2 low 2.2 low diffuse
141 2 low 2.3 high foreclosure
142 2 low 2.4 high foreclosure
143 2.6 high 2.4 high achieved
144 2.2 high 2.3 high achieved
145 2 low 2.2 high foreclosure
146 2.2 high 2.4 high achieved
147 2 low 2.4 high foreclosure
148 2 low 2.2 high foreclosure
149 2.2 high 2.2 high achieved
150 3 high 2.9 high achieved
151 2.4 high 2.7 high achieved
152 2.2 high 2.3 high achieved
153 2.6 high 2.6 high achieved
154 2.4 high 2.5 high achieved
155 2.4 high 2.4 high achieved
156 2.4 high 2.9 high achieved
157 2 low 2.1 high foreclosure
158 3.4 high 3.1 high achieved
159 2.8 high 3 high achieved
160 2.2 high 2.7 high achieved
161 3.4 high 3.5 high achieved
162 1.6 low 2 low diffuse
163 2.4 high 2.5 high achieved
164 2.4 high 3 high achieved
165 1.8 low 2.1 high foreclosure
166 3 high 2.7 high achieved
167 2.8 high 3 high achieved
168 2.4 high 2.3 high achieved
169 2.6 high 2.4 high achieved
170 2 low 2.4 high foreclosure
171 2 low 2.2 high foreclosure
172 2.2 high 2.3 high achieved
(29)
174 2 low 2 low diffuse
175 2.2 high 2.6 high achieved
176 2 low 2.4 high foreclosure
177 2 low 2.4 high foreclosure
178 2 low 2.2 high foreclosure
179 3 high 3.1 high achieved
180 2.4 high 2.7 high achieved
181 2 low 2.3 high foreclosure
182 2.6 high 2.7 high achieved
183 2.2 high 2.5 high achieved
184 2.4 high 2.5 high achieved
185 3 high 3 high achieved
186 1.8 low 2.2 high foreclosure 187 2.4 high 3.2 high foreclosure
188 2.8 high 3 high achieved
189 2.8 high 2.6 high achieved
190 3.4 high 3.6 high achieved
191 1.6 low 1.9 low diffuse
192 2 low 2.3 high foreclosure
193 2 low 2.1 high foreclosure
194 2.2 high 2.4 high achieved
195 1.8 low 2.3 high foreclosure
196 2 low 2.2 high foreclosure
197 2 low 2.2 high foreclosure
198 3 high 3.1 high achieved
199 2 low 2.8 high foreclosure
(30)
Lampiran 6. Tabel Pengelompokan komponen Ethnic Identity
Komponen ethnic behavior & practices Tingkat komponen ethnic behavior & practices Komponen ethnic identity achievement (exploration) Tingkat komponen ethnic identity achievement (exploration) Komponen ethnic identity achievement (commitment) Tingkat komponen ethnic identity achievement (commitment) Komponen affirmation & belonging Tingkat komponen affirmation & belonging
1 2.5 high 2.5 high 2.33 high 3 high
2 2 low 2.5 high 3 high 3 high
3 3 high 2.5 high 2.33 high 2.8 high 4 3 high 2.5 high 2.33 high 2.8 high
5 3 high 2.25 high 2 low 2.6 high
6 2.5 high 2.25 high 2 low 2.4 high
7 2 low 2 low 2 low 2 low
8 3 high 2.25 high 2 low 2.4 high
9 3 high 2 low 2 low 2.6 high
10 3 high 2.25 high 2 low 2.2 high
11 2 low 2 low 2 low 2.2 high
12 3 high 2.5 high 3 high 3 high
13 2 low 2 low 2 low 2 low
14 2.5 high 2.5 high 2.67 high 3 high 15 2.5 high 2.25 high 2 low 2.8 high
16 2 low 2 low 2 low 2 low
17 3 high 2.5 high 2.33 high 2.8 high
18 2 low 2 low 2 low 2 low
19 3 high 2 low 3 high 3 high
20 2.5 high 2.25 high 2 low 2.8 high 21 2.5 high 2.25 high 2.33 high 3 high 22 3 high 2 low 2.67 high 2.6 high 23 3 high 2 low 3.33 high 3.2 high
24 2 low 2.5 high 3 high 3.4 high
25 2 low 2.5 high 2.67 high 3.2 high
26 4 high 3.75 high 4 high 4 high
27 3.5 high 2 low 3.67 high 2.8 high
28 2 low 2 low 2.33 high 2.6 high
29 2 low 2 low 2 low 2 low
30 3 high 2 low 2 low 2.4 high
31 3 high 2 low 2 low 2.6 high
32 3 high 2 low 2 low 2.2 high
33 2 low 2 low 2 low 2.2 high
34 3 high 2 low 3 high 3 high
35 2 low 2 low 2 low 2 low
36 2.5 high 2 low 2.67 high 3 high
37 2 low 2.25 high 3 high 2.6 high
38 2.5 high 2.25 high 2.67 high 3.2 high
(31)
40 3 high 3 high 3.67 high 3.4 high 41 2.5 high 2.25 high 2.67 high 3.2 high 42 2.5 high 2 low 2.33 high 3 high 43 2.5 high 3 high 3.33 high 3 high 44 2.5 high 2 low 2.67 high 1.8 low 45 2 low 2.5 high 2.67 high 3 high
46 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2 low
47 2.5 high 2 low 3 high 3 high
48 2 low 2 low 2 low 2 low
49 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2.2 high
50 2.5 high 2 low 1.67 low 2 low
51 2.5 high 2.5 high 3 high 2.8 high
52 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2 low
53 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2 low
54 2.5 high 3 high 3 high 3 high
55 3 high 2.5 high 3 high 2.8 high 56 2.5 high 2.5 high 3 high 2.8 high
57 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2 low
58 3.5 high 2.75 high 2.33 high 3.6 high
59 3 high 2 low 3 high 2.8 high
60 3 high 2.5 high 2.67 high 3 high 61 2.5 high 2.5 high 2.67 high 2.8 high 62 2.5 high 2.25 high 2.67 high 3.2 high 63 3 high 2.25 high 1.67 low 1.8 low 64 3 high 2.25 high 2.67 high 2.8 high
65 2 low 2 low 2.33 high 2.6 high
66 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2 low
67 3 high 2 low 2.33 high 2.6 high 68 2 low 2.25 high 2.33 high 2.4 high 69 2.5 high 2.5 high 2.67 high 2.8 high
70 3 high 2.25 high 3 high 3 high
71 2 low 2 low 2 low 2 low
72 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2 low
73 2 low 2 high 2 low 2 low
74 2 low 2 low 2 low 2 low
75 2 high 2.25 high 2 low 3 high
76 3 high 2.25 high 1.67 low 1.8 low
77 2 low 1.25 low 1 low 2.8 high
78 2.5 high 2.25 high 2.67 high 2.4 high 79 3.5 high 2.5 high 3 high 3.6 high
80 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2 low
81 2 low 2 low 2 low 2 low
82 2 low 2.25 high 2.67 high 3 high
(32)
84 2.5 high 2.75 high 3.33 high 3 high 85 3 high 2.5 high 2.67 high 3 high 86 2.5 high 2.5 high 2.67 high 2.8 high 87 2.5 high 2.25 high 2.67 high 3.2 high 88 2.5 high 2.5 high 3 high 3 high 89 3 high 2.25 high 2.67 high 2.6 high
90 2 low 2 low 2 low 3.6 high
91 2.5 high 2.25 high 1.67 low 3.2 high 92 2.5 high 2.5 high 2.67 high 2.8 high
93 3 high 3 high 3 high 3 high
94 2 low 2 low 2 low 2 low
95 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2 low
96 2 low 2 low 2 low 2 low
97 2 low 2 low 2 low 2 low
98 2 high 2.25 high 2.33 high 3 high
99 3 high 2.25 high 2 low 1.8 low
100 2 low 1.5 low 1.33 low 3 high
101 2.5 high 2.25 high 2.67 high 2.4 high 102 4 high 3.75 high 4 high 3.8 high
103 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2.2 high
104 2 low 2 low 2 low 2.2 high
105 2 low 2.25 high 2.67 high 3 high 106 3 high 3.25 high 3.67 high 3.2 high 107 2.5 high 2 low 3.33 high 2.8 high
108 3 high 2 low 2.67 high 3 high
109 2.5 high 2 low 2.67 high 3 high 110 2.5 high 2.25 high 2.67 high 3.2 high 111 2.5 high 2.5 high 3 high 3 high 112 3 high 2.25 high 2.67 high 2.6 high 113 3 high 2.25 high 2 low 2.2 high
114 3 high 2 low 2 low 2.6 high
115 3 high 1.75 low 2 low 2.4 high
116 2 low 2 low 2 low 2.2 high
117 3 high 2 low 3 high 3 high
118 2 low 1.75 low 2 low 2 low
119 2.5 high 2.5 high 2.67 high 3 high
120 2 low 3 high 3 high 2.8 high
121 2 low 2.25 high 2.67 high 3 high 122 2 high 1.75 low 2.33 high 3 high 123 3 high 3.25 high 3.67 high 3.6 high 124 3.5 high 3 high 3 high 3.6 high 125 2.5 high 2.5 high 2.67 high 3 high 126 2 low 2.25 high 2.33 high 3 high
(33)
128 2.5 high 3.25 high 3.33 high 3.6 high
129 2 low 3 high 3 high 2.8 high
130 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2.2 high
131 2 low 2 low 2.33 high 2.6 high
132 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2.2 high
133 3 high 2.5 high 2.33 high 2.6 high 134 2 low 2 low 2.33 high 2.6 high 135 2.5 high 2.5 high 2.67 high 2.6 high
136 3 high 2.25 high 3 high 3 high
137 2 low 2 low 2 low 2.2 high
138 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2.4 high
139 2 low 2 low 2 low 2.2 high
140 2 low 2 low 2 low 2.4 high
141 2 low 2 low 2 low 2.6 high
142 2 low 2 low 2.33 high 2.6 high 143 2.5 high 2.5 high 2.33 high 2.4 high 144 2 low 2.25 high 2.33 high 2.4 high
145 2 low 2 low 2 low 2.4 high
146 2 low 2.25 high 2.67 high 2.4 high
147 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2.6 high
148 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2.2 high
149 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2.2 high
150 3 high 2.75 high 3 high 2.8 high 151 2.5 high 2.5 high 2.67 high 2.8 high 152 2.5 high 2.25 high 2.33 high 2.2 high 153 2.5 high 2.75 high 2.33 high 2.8 high 154 2.5 high 2.5 high 2.33 high 2.6 high 155 2 low 2.5 high 2.67 high 2.4 high 156 3 high 2.25 high 3 high 2.8 high
157 2 low 2 low 2 low 2.2 high
158 3.5 high 3.25 high 3 high 3 high 159 3.5 high 2.75 high 3 high 2.8 high 160 2 low 2.25 high 2.67 high 3 high 161 3.5 high 3.5 high 3.67 high 3.4 high 162 1.5 low 1.5 low 1.67 low 2.4 high 163 2.5 high 2.5 high 2.33 high 2.6 high
164 3 high 2.5 high 3 high 3 high
165 2 low 1.75 low 2 low 2.2 high
166 2.5 high 3 high 3 high 2.6 high 167 2.5 high 3 high 3 high 3.2 high 168 2 low 2.5 high 2.67 high 2.2 high 169 1.5 low 2.75 high 2.67 high 2.6 high 170 3 high 1.75 low 2.33 high 2.2 high 171 2 low 2 low 2.33 high 2.2 high
(34)
172 2.5 high 2 low 2.33 high 2.2 high 173 2 low 2.25 high 2.33 high 2.4 high
174 2 low 2 low 2 low 2 low
175 2 low 2.25 high 2.67 high 2.8 high
176 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2.6 high
177 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2.6 high
178 2.5 high 1.75 low 2 low 2.2 high 179 3 high 2.75 high 3 high 3.2 high 180 2.5 high 2.5 high 2.67 high 2.8 high 181 2.5 high 2 low 2.33 high 2.2 high 182 2.5 high 2.75 high 2.33 high 3 high 183 2.5 high 2.25 high 2.33 high 2.6 high 184 2 low 2.5 high 2.67 high 2.6 high
185 3 high 3 high 3 high 3 high
186 2 low 1.75 low 2 low 2.4 high
187 3.5 high 2 low 3 high 3.2 high 188 3.5 high 2.75 high 3 high 2.8 high 189 2 low 3 high 2.67 high 2.8 high 190 3.5 high 3.5 high 3.67 high 3.6 high 191 1.5 low 1.5 low 1.67 low 2.2 high 192 2 low 2 low 2.33 high 2.4 high
193 2 low 2 low 2 low 2.2 high
194 2 low 2.25 high 2.67 high 2.4 high 195 2.5 high 1.75 low 2 low 2.4 high
196 2.5 high 2 low 2 low 2.2 high
197 2.5 high 1.75 low 2 low 2.2 high 198 3 high 2.75 high 3 high 3.2 high 199 2.5 high 2 low 2.67 high 3 high 200 2.5 high 2.25 high 2.33 high 2.6 high
(35)
Lampiran 7
Crosstabs Status ethnic identity dengan jenis kelamin, usia, pendidikan, agama dan nama yang dimiliki
Lampiran 7.1. Jenis kelamin
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratoriu
m achieved
laki-laki
Count 16 25 3 63 107
% within var2 15.00% 23.40% 2.80% 58.90% 100.00% % within status 69.60% 50.00% 75.00% 51.20% 53.50%
% of Total 8.00% 12.50% 1.50% 31.50% 53.50%
perempuan
Count 7 25 1 60 93
% within var2 7.50% 26.90% 1.10% 64.50% 100.00% % within status 30.40% 50.00% 25.00% 48.80% 46.50%
% of Total 3.50% 12.50% 0.50% 30.00% 46.50%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 7.2. Usia
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratoriu
m achieved
21-23
Count 13 3 50 66
% within var2 19.70% 4.55% 75.75% 100.00% % within status 56.52% 6.00% 40.65% 33%
% of Total 6.50% 1.50% 25.00% 33%
24-26
Count 10 36 2 45 93
% within var2 10.75% 38.70% 2.15% 48.38% 100.00% % within status 43.47% 72.00% 50.00% 36.58% 46.5%
% of Total 5.00% 18.00% 1.00% 22.50% 46.5%
27-29
Count 8 2 20 30
% within var2 26.67% 6.70% 66.67% 100.00% % within status 16.00% 56.52% 16.26% 15%
% of Total 4.00% 1.00% 10.00% 15%
30-31
Count 3 8 11
% within var2 27.27% 72.72% 100.00%
% within status 6.00% 6.50% 5.5%
% of Total 15.00% 4.00% 5.5%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 7.3. Pendidikan
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratoriu
m achieved
SMU
Count 5 10 39 54
% within var2 9.30% 18.50% 72.20% 100.00% % within status 21.70% 20.00% 31.70% 27.00%
% of Total 2.50% 5.00% 19.50% 27.00%
D3
Count 2 2
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 1.60% 1.00%
% of Total 1.00% 1.00%
S1
Count 18 38 4 78 138
% within var2 13.00% 27.50% 2.90% 56.50% 100.00% % within status 78.30% 76.00% 100.00% 63.40% 69.00%
% of Total 9.00% 19.00% 2.00% 39.00% 69.00%
S2
Count 2 4 6
% within var2 33.30% 66.70% 100.00%
% within status 4.00% 3.30% 3.00%
% of Total 1.00% 2.00% 3.00%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
(36)
Lampiran 7.4. Agama
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratoriu
m achieved
Katholik
Count 11 33 52 96
% within var2 11.50% 34.40% 54.20% 100.00% % within status 47.80% 66.00% 42.30% 48.00%
% of Total 5.50% 16.50% 26.00% 48.00%
Kristen
Count 9 11 1 36 57
% within var2 15.80% 19.30% 1.80% 63.20% 100.00% % within status 39.10% 22.00% 25.00% 29.30% 28.50%
% of Total 4.50% 5.50% 0.50% 18.00% 28.50%
Budha
Count 3 6 3 28 40
% within var2 7.50% 15.00% 7.50% 70.00% 100.00% % within status 13.00% 12.00% 75.00% 22.80% 20.00%
% of Total 1.50% 3.00% 1.50% 14.00% 20.00%
Kong Hu Chu
Count 7 7
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 5.70% 3.50%
% of Total 3.50% 3.50%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 7.5. nama yang dimiliki
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratoriu
m achieved
Ind saja
Count 7 20 41 68
% within var2 10.30% 29.40% 60.30% 100.00% % within status 30.40% 40.00% 33.30% 34.00%
% of Total 3.50% 10.00% 20.50% 34.00%
Mandarin saja
Count 3 3 11 17
% within var2 17.60% 17.60% 64.70% 100.00% % within status 6.00% 75.00% 8.90% 8.50%
% of Total 1.50% 1.50% 5.50% 8.50%
Indonesia & Mandarin
Count 16 27 1 71 115
% within var2 13.90% 23.50% 0.90% 61.70% 100.00% % within status 69.60% 54.00% 25.00% 57.70% 57.50%
% of Total 8.00% 13.50% 0.50% 35.50% 57.50%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
(37)
Lampiran 8
Crosstabs status ethnic identity dengan komponen ethnic behavior and practices, komponen ethnic identity achievement dan komponen affirmation and belonging.
Lampiran 8.1. ethnic behaviour & practices (exploration & commitment)
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
low
Count 21 21 23 65
% within var2 32.30% 32.30% 35.40% 100.00%
% within status 91.30% 42.00% 18.70% 32.50%
% of Total 10.50% 10.50% 11.50% 32.50%
high
Count 2 29 4 100 135
% within var2 1.50% 21.50% 3.00% 74.10% 100.00%
% within status 8.70% 58.00% 100.00% 81.30% 67.50%
% of Total 1.00% 14.50% 2.00% 50.00% 67.50%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 8.2.1. ethnic identity achievement (exploration)
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
low
Count 22 49 1 21 93
% within var2 23.70% 52.70% 1.10% 22.60% 100.00%
% within status 95.70% 98.00% 25.00% 17.10% 46.50%
% of Total 11.00% 24.50% 0.50% 10.50% 46.50%
high
Count 1 1 3 102 107
% within var2 0.90% 0.90% 2.80% 95.30% 100.00%
% within status 4.30% 2.00% 75.00% 82.90% 53.50%
% of Total 0.50% 0.50% 1.50% 51.00% 53.50%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 8.2.2. ethnic identity achievement (commitment)
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
low
Count 23 18 4 17 72
% within var2 31.94% 25.00% 5.55% 23.61% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 36.00% 100.00% 13.80% 36.00%
% of Total 11.50% 9.00% 2.00% 8.50% 36.00%
high
Count 32 106 138
% within var2 23.18% 76.82% 100.00%
% within status 64.00% 86.20% 64.00%
% of Total 16.00% 53.00% 64.00%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 8.3. affirmation and belonging (commitment)
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
low
Count 17 7 4 1 29
% within var2 58.60% 24.10% 13.80% 3.40% 100.00%
% within status 73.90% 14.00% 100.00% 0.80% 14.50%
% of Total 8.50% 3.50% 2.00% 0.50% 14.50%
high
Count 6 43 122 171
% within var2 3.50% 25.10% 71.30% 100.00%
% within status 26.10% 86.00% 99.20% 85.50%
% of Total 3.00% 21.50% 61.00% 85.50%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
(38)
Lampiran 9
Crosstabs
status
ethnic identity
dengan masing-masing item MEIM
Lampiran 9.1. item 1status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 2 2
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 4.00% 1.00%
% of Total 1.00% 1.00%
TS
Count 23 43 4 33 103
% within var2 22.30% 41.70% 3.90% 32.00% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 86.00% 100.00% 26.80% 51.50%
% of Total 11.50% 21.50% 2.00% 16.50% 51.50%
S
Count 5 79 84
% within var2 6.00% 94.00% 100.00%
% within status 10.00% 64.20% 42.00%
% of Total 2.50% 39.50% 42.00%
SS
Count 11 11
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 8.90% 5.50%
% of Total 5.50% 5.50%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 9.2. item 2
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 1 1
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 2.00% 0.50%
% of Total 0.50% 0.50%
TS
Count 23 20 31 74
% within var2 31.08% 27.02% 41.9% 100.00%
% within status 100.00% 40.00% 49.60% 63.00%
% of Total 11.50% 10% 15.50% 63.00%
S
Count 28 4 85 117
% within var2 23.93% 4.21% 72.64% 100.00%
% within status 56.00% 100.00% 84.60% 32.50%
% of Total 14% 2.00% 42.50% 32.50%
SS
Count 1 7 8
% within var2 12.50% 87.50% 100.00%
% within status 2.00% 5.70% 4.00%
% of Total 0.50% 3.50% 4.00%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
(39)
Lampiran 9.3. item 3
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 3 6 4 13
% within var2 23.10% 46.20% 30.80% 100.00%
% within status 13.00% 12.00% 3.30% 6.50%
% of Total 1.50% 3.00% 2.00% 6.50%
TS
Count 20 41 4 43 107
% within var2 18.69% 38.31% 3.73% 40.18% 100.00% % within status 87.00% 82.00% 100.00% 35.00% 53.50%
% of Total 10.00% 20.50% 2.00% 21.50% 53.50%
S
Count 3 68 71
% within var2 4.23% 95.77% 100.00%
% within status 6.00% 55.30% 35.50%
% of Total 1.50% 34.00% 35.50%
SS
Count 8 8
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 6.50% 4.00%
% of Total 4.00% 4.00%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 9.4. item 4
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 2 2
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 4.00% 1.00%
% of Total 1.00% 1.00%
TS
Count 23 35 4 23 85
% within var2 27.10% 41.20% 4.70% 27.10% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 70.00% 100.00% 18.70% 42.50%
% of Total 11.50% 17.50% 2.00% 11.50% 42.50%
S
Count 13 86 99
% within var2 13.10% 86.90% 100.00%
% within status 26.00% 69.90% 49.50%
% of Total 6.50% 43.00% 49.50%
SS
Count 14 14
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 11.40% 7.00%
% of Total 7.00% 7.00%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 9.5. item 5
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 2 3 2 7
% within var2 28.60% 42.90% 28.60% 100.00%
% within status 8.70% 6.00% 1.60% 3.50%
% of Total 1.00% 1.50% 1.00% 3.50%
TS
Count 21 46 1 64 132
% within var2 15.90% 34.80% 0.80% 48.50% 100.00%
% within status 91.30% 92.00% 25.00% 52.00% 66.00%
% of Total 10.50% 23.00% 0.50% 32.00% 66.00%
S
Count 1 3 52 56
% within var2 1.80% 5.40% 92.90% 100.00%
% within status 2.00% 75.00% 42.30% 28.00%
% of Total 0.50% 1.50% 26.00% 28.00%
SS
Count 5 5
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 4.10% 2.50%
% of Total 2.50% 2.50%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
(40)
Lampiran 9.6. item 6
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 1 1
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 2.00% 0.50%
% of Total 0.50% 0.50%
TS
Count 21 22 1 26 70
% within var2 30.00% 31.40% 1.40% 37.10% 100.00%
% within status 91.30% 44.00% 25.00% 21.10% 35.00%
% of Total 10.50% 11.00% 0.50% 13.00% 35.00%
S
Count 2 21 3 78 104
% within var2 1.90% 20.20% 2.90% 75.00% 100.00%
% within status 8.70% 42.00% 75.00% 63.40% 52.00%
% of Total 1.00% 10.50% 1.50% 39.00% 52.00%
SS
Count 6 19 25
% within var2 24.00% 76.00% 100.00%
% within status 12.00% 15.40% 12.50%
% of Total 3.00% 9.50% 12.50%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 9.7. item 7
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 14 14
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 11.40% 7.00%
% of Total 7.00% 7.00%
TS
Count 13 86 99
% within var2 13.10% 86.90% 100.00%
% within status 26.00% 69.90% 49.50%
% of Total 6.50% 43.00% 49.50%
S
Count 23 35 4 23 85
% within var2 27.10% 41.20% 4.70% 27.10% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 70.00% 100.00% 18.70% 42.50%
% of Total 11.50% 17.50% 2.00% 11.50% 42.50%
SS
Count 2 2
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 4.00% 1.00%
% of Total 1.00% 1.00%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 9.8. item 8
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 14 14
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 11.40% 7.00%
% of Total 7.00% 7.00%
TS
Count 13 85 98
% within var2 13.30% 86.70% 100.00%
% within status 26.00% 69.10% 49.00%
% of Total 6.50% 42.50% 49.00%
S
Count 23 36 4 24 87
% within var2 26.40% 41.40% 4.60% 27.60% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 72.00% 100.00% 19.50% 43.50%
% of Total 11.50% 18.00% 2.00% 12.00% 43.50%
SS
Count 1 1
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 2.00% 0.50%
% of Total 0.50% 0.50%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
(41)
Lampiran 9.9. item 9
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 1 1
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 2.00% 0.50%
% of Total 0.50% 0.50%
TS
Count 23 42 61 126
% within var2 18.30% 33.30% 48.40% 100.00%
% within status 100.00% 84.00% 49.60% 63.00%
% of Total 11.50% 21.00% 30.50% 63.00%
S
Count 6 4 55 65
% within var2 9.20% 6.20% 84.60% 100.00%
% within status 12.00% 100.00% 44.70% 32.50%
% of Total 3.00% 2.00% 27.50% 32.50%
SS
Count 1 7 8
% within var2 12.50% 87.50% 100.00%
% within status 2.00% 5.70% 4.00%
% of Total 0.50% 3.50% 4.00%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 9.10. item 10
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 2 4 2 8
% within var2 25.00% 50.00% 25.00% 100.00%
% within status 8.70% 8.00% 1.60% 4.00%
% of Total 1.00% 2.00% 1.00% 4.00%
TS
Count 21 2 4 79 106
% within var2 19.81% 1.88% 3.77% 74.52% 100.00%
% within status 91.30% 4.00% 100.00% 64.20% 53.00%
% of Total 10.50% 1.00% 2.00% 39.50% 53.00%
S
Count 44 37 81
% within var2 54.32% 45.68% 100.00%
% within status 88.00% 30.10% 40.50%
% of Total 22.00% 18.50% 40.50%
SS
Count 5 5
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 4.10% 2.50%
% of Total 2.50% 2.50%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 9.11. item 11
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 1 1
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 2.00% 0.50%
% of Total 0.50% 0.50%
TS
Count 23 13 4 24 64
% within var2 35.93% 56.52% 6.25% 37.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 26.00% 100.00% 19.50% 32.00%
% of Total 11.50% 6.50% 2.00% 12.00% 32.00%
S
Count 36 85 121
% within var2 29.75% 70.25% 100.00%
% within status 72.00% 69.10% 60.50%
% of Total 18.00% 42.50% 60.50%
SS
Count 14 14
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 11.40% 7.00%
% of Total 7.00% 7.00%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
(42)
Lampiran 9.12. item 12
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 2 2 5 9
% within var2 22.20% 22.20% 55.60% 100.00%
% within status 4.00% 50.00% 4.10% 4.50%
% of Total 1.00% 1.00% 2.50% 4.50%
TS
Count 23 32 2 34 91
% within var2 25.30% 35.20% 2.20% 37.40% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 64.00% 50.00% 27.60% 45.50%
% of Total 11.50% 16.00% 1.00% 17.00% 45.50%
S
Count 15 74 89
% within var2 16.90% 83.10% 100.00%
% within status 30.00% 60.20% 44.50%
% of Total 7.50% 37.00% 44.50%
SS
Count 1 10 11
% within var2 9.10% 90.90% 100.00%
% within status 2.00% 8.10% 5.50%
% of Total 0.50% 5.00% 5.50%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 9.13. item 13
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 1 9 12 22
% within var2 4.50% 40.90% 54.50% 100.00%
% within status 4.30% 18.00% 9.80% 11.00%
% of Total 0.50% 4.50% 6.00% 11.00%
TS
Count 22 41 4 30 97
% within var2 22.68% 42.28% 4.12% 30.92% 100.00% % within status 95.70% 82.00% 100.00% 24.40% 48.50%
% of Total 11.00% 20.50% 2.00% 15.00% 48.50%
S
Count 79 79
% within var2 100.0% 100.00%
% within status 64.20% 39.50%
% of Total 39.50% 39.50%
SS
Count 2 2
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 1.60% 1.00%
% of Total 1.00% 1.00%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 9.14. item 14
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 2 3 2 7
% within var2 28.60% 42.90% 28.60% 100.00%
% within status 8.70% 75.00% 1.60% 3.50%
% of Total 1.00% 1.50% 1.00% 3.50%
TS
Count 21 14 1 41 77
% within var2 27.27% 18.18% 1.29% 53.24% 100.00%
% within status 91.30% 28.00% 25.00% 33.30% 37.50%
% of Total 10.50% 7.00% 0.50% 20.50% 37.50%
S
Count 33 73 106
% within var2 31.13% 68.87% 100.00%
% within status 66.00% 59.30% 54.00%
% of Total 16.50% 36.50% 54.00%
SS
Count 3 7 10
% within var2 30.00% 70.00% 100.00%
% within status 6.00% 5.70% 5.00%
% of Total 1.50% 3.50% 5.00%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
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Lampiran 9.15. item 15
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 6 6
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 4.90% 3.00%
% of Total 3.00% 3.00%
TS
Count 3 44 47
% within var2 6.40% 93.60% 100.00%
% within status 6.00% 35.80% 23.50%
% of Total 1.50% 22.00% 23.50%
S
Count 21 42 4 71 138
% within var2 15.20% 30.40% 2.90% 51.40% 100.00% % within status 91.30% 84.00% 100.00% 57.70% 69.00%
% of Total 10.50% 21.00% 2.00% 35.50% 69.00%
SS
Count 2 5 2 9
% within var2 22.20% 55.60% 22.20% 100.00%
% within status 8.70% 10.00% 1.60% 4.50%
% of Total 1.00% 2.50% 1.00% 4.50%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 9.16. item 16
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 2 1 2 5
% within var2 40.00% 20.00% 40.00% 100.00%
% within status 8.70% 2.00% 1.60% 2.50%
% of Total 1.00% 0.50% 1.00% 2.50%
TS
Count 19 22 1 38 80
% within var2 23.80% 27.50% 1.30% 47.50% 100.00%
% within status 82.60% 44.00% 25.00% 30.90% 40.00%
% of Total 9.50% 11.00% 0.50% 19.00% 40.00%
S
Count 2 27 3 72 104
% within var2 1.90% 26.00% 2.90% 69.20% 100.00%
% within status 8.70% 54.00% 75.00% 58.50% 52.00%
% of Total 1.00% 13.50% 1.50% 36.00% 52.00%
SS
Count 11 11
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 8.90% 5.50%
% of Total 5.50% 5.50%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 9.17. item 17
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 2 2
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 4.00% 1.00%
% of Total 1.00% 1.00%
TS
Count 23 35 4 23 85
% within var2 27.10% 41.20% 4.70% 27.10% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 70.00% 100.00% 18.70% 42.50%
% of Total 11.50% 17.50% 2.00% 11.50% 42.50%
S
Count 13 86 99
% within var2 13.10% 86.90% 100.00%
% within status 26.00% 69.90% 49.50%
% of Total 6.50% 43.00% 49.50%
SS
Count 14 14
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 11.40% 7.00%
% of Total 7.00% 7.00%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
(44)
Lampiran 9.18. item 18
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 3 3
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 75.00% 1.50%
% of Total 1.50% 1.50%
TS
Count 23 17 1 32 73
% within var2 31.50% 23.28% 1.36% 43.83% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 34.00% 25.00% 26.00% 36.50%
% of Total 11.50% 8.50% 0.50% 16.00% 36.50%
S
Count 32 84 116
% within var2 27.58% 72.32% 100.00%
% within status 64.00% 68.30% 58.00%
% of Total 16.00% 42.00% 58.00%
SS
Count 1 7 8
% within var2 12.50% 87.50% 100.00%
% within status 2.00% 5.70% 4.00%
% of Total 0.50% 3.50% 4.00%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 9.19. item 19
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 3 6 4 13
% within var2 23.10% 46.20% 30.80% 100.00%
% within status 13.00% 12.00% 3.30% 6.50%
% of Total 1.50% 3.00% 2.00% 6.50%
TS
Count 20 41 4 68 133
% within var2 15.00% 30.80% 3.00% 51.10% 100.00% % within status 87.00% 82.00% 100.00% 55.30% 66.50%
% of Total 10.00% 20.50% 2.00% 34.00% 66.50%
S
Count 3 43 46
% within var2 6.50% 93.50% 100.00%
% within status 6.00% 35.00% 23.00%
% of Total 1.50% 21.50% 23.00%
SS
Count 8 8
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 6.50% 4.00%
% of Total 4.00% 4.00%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
% of Total 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00%
Lampiran 9.20. item 20
status
Total diffuse foreclosure moratorium achieved
STS
Count 1 1
% within var2 100.00% 100.00%
% within status 0.80% 0.50%
% of Total 0.50% 0.50%
TS
Count 17 22 4 30 73
% within var2 23.30% 30.10% 5.50% 41.10% 100.00% % within status 73.90% 44.00% 100.00% 24.40% 36.50%
% of Total 8.50% 11.00% 2.00% 15.00% 36.50%
S
Count 3 21 74 98
% within var2 3.10% 21.40% 75.50% 100.00%
% within status 13.00% 42.00% 60.20% 49.00%
% of Total 1.50% 10.50% 37.00% 49.00%
SS
Count 3 7 18 28
% within var2 10.70% 25.00% 64.30% 100.00%
% within status 13.00% 14.00% 14.60% 14.00%
% of Total 1.50% 3.50% 9.00% 14.00%
Total
Count 23 50 4 123 200
% within var2 11.50% 25.00% 2.00% 61.50% 100.00% % within status 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
(1)
5.1. KESIMPULAN
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh melalui pengolahan data ethnic identity dan data penunjang dari 200 individu dewasa awal keturunan Tionghoa di Paguyuban “X” Kota Bandung, maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan sebagai berikut:
1. Sebagian besar dewasa awal keturunan Tionghoa di Paguyuban “X” Kota Bandung (61.5%) memiliki status achieved ethnic identity, individu menunjukkan usaha untuk mencari informasi lebih banyak mengenai etnisnya dan melakukan keputusan untuk ikut terlibat dalam kegiatan-kegiatan etnisnya yang ditunjukkan dalam komponen ethnic identity achievement dan komponen ethnic behavior and practices dan individu menjalankan keputusan untuk aktif terlibat pada kegiatan-kegiatan etnisnya yang ditunjukkan dalam komponen ethnic identity achievement, komponen ethnic behavior dan komponen affirmation and belonging.
2. Sebagian besar individu dewasa awal yang berstatus achieved ethic identity
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achieved ethnic identity, mereka tertarik untuk mencari informasi lebih dalam tentang etnis-etnis yang ada dan sampai pada akhirnya mereka memutuskan memilih etnis Tionghoa dan mereka memutuskan untuk aktif terlibat dengan kegiatan-kegiatan etnis Tionghoa.
3. Sejumlah 25% dewasa awal keturunan Tionghoa di Paguyuban “X” di kota Bandung memiliki status foreclosure ethnic identity, mereka menunjukkan kurangnya usaha mencari informasi lebih banyak lagi dari yang diberikan oleh kedua orang tuanya mengenai etnis Tionghoa namun mereka tetap ikut aktif terlibat dalam kegiatan-kegiatan etnisnya yang dapat dilihat pada komponen
ethnic identity achievement, komponen ethnic behavior and practices dan komponen affirmation and belonging affirmation and belonging yang hanya terdapat dalam proses menjalankan keputusan untuk aktif terlibat dalam kegiatan-kegiatan etnisnya.
(3)
5.2 . SARAN
Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan yang telah dikemukakan sebelumnya maka peneliti mengajukan beberapa saran, yaitu:
1. Penelitian Lanjut
• Penelitian selanjutnya dapat dilakukan pada responden etnis Tionghoa Paguyuban ”X” di luar kota Bandung seperti di Jakarta yang kontak budayanya relatif lebih heterogen untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan status ethnic identity pada tempat yang berbeda.
• Penelitian selanjutnya dapat mengaitkan ethnic identity dengan variabel lain misalnya pola asuh keluarga, pendidikan, kontak budaya.
2. Guna Laksana
• Kepada paguyuban “X” diharapkan dapat mengadakan berbagai macam pagelaran seni budaya Tionghoa seperti tarian, kuliner, pakaian etnis Tionghoa yang dikemas secara menarik juga menyediakan informasi mengenai etnis Tionghoa sehingga akan muncul ketertarikan disertai dengan adanya pemahaman yang mendalam tentang budaya Tionghoa dan individu mau melakukan
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• Kepada orang tua diharapkan dapat melakukan komunikasi dua arah yang terbuka dengan anak-anaknya saat memberikan informasi mengenai etnis Tionghoa dan memberikan kesempatan kepada anak-anaknya untuk mengeksplorasi etnis Tionghoa maupun etnis lainnya dengan cara mendorong anaknya untuk bergaul dengan multietnis.
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DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Berry, J. W., Ype H. Poortinga., Marshall H. Segall., & Pierre R. Dasen., 1992.
Cross-cultural Psychology: Research and Applications. New York:
Cambridge University Press.
Denscombe,M.2003.The Good Research Guide: for small scale social project, second edition. Philadelphia.
Hidajat Z.M. 1993. Masyarakat dan Kebudayaan Cina Indonesia. Bandung: Penerbit Tarsito.
Koentjaraningrat, Prof., Dr. 1979. Manusia dan Kebudayaan di Indonesia. Jakarta: Djembatan.
Marcia, J.E. 1998. Ego Identity: A Handbook of Psychosocial Research. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Ong Hok Ham.2005. Riwayat Tionghoa Peranakan di Jawa. Jakarta: Komunitas Bambu.
Organista, Pamela Balls., Kevin M. Chun., Gerardo Marin. 1998. Readings in Ethnic Psychology. New York: Routledge.
Phinney, Jean.S. April 1992. The Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure: a new scale for use with diverse group. Journal of adolescent research, vol 7
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http://www.calstatela.edu
http://groups.google.co.id/group/soc.culture.indonesia
http://iccsg.wordpress.com/2006/01/27/etnik-tionghoa-pribumi-indonesia/ http://jai.or.id/jurnal/2003/71/02ktpls71.pdf
http://www.unika.ac.id/fakultas/psikologi/artikel/bs-1.pdf http://www.kickandy.com
Linda. 2008. Studi Deskriptif mengenai Chinese Values pada orang-tua keturunan Tionghoa di kota bandung. Universitas Kristen Maranatha
Megawati.2008. Survei Mengenai Ethnic Identity Mahasiswa Keturunan Tionghoa Fakultas “X” Universitas “Y” Bandung. Universitas Kristen Maranatha