Helsinki seminar 17 april 2008
12/18/2011
OUTLINE
TROPICAL FOREST DISTURBANCE & ITS
REHABILITATION EFFORT
1. BRIEF ON INDONESIAN LAND-USE
2. DISTURBANCE NATURAL FOREST LANDSCAPE
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
LILIK BUDI PRASETYO
lbpras@indo.net.id
Presented in Viikki Tropical Fores Research CenterHelsinki University 17 April 2008
Shifting Cultivation
Forest Plantation
Transmigration
Oil Palm/Plantation
Fire
Logging & Illegal Logging
Mining
3. ECOLOGICAL IMPLICATION
DEPT. FOREST RESOURCES CONSERVATION & ECOTOURISM
FORESTRY FACULTY-BOGOR AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
12/18/2011
4. REHABILITATION & RESTORATION EFFORT
1
FOREST LAND-USE
12/18/2011
2
1a. SHIFTING CULTIVATION
Complex Agro-forestry :
Shifting cultivators is not similar with : Forest
Squatters
Based on agreement of some agencies
: Forestry, Agriculture, & Transmigration
40.00
35.00
30.00
25.00
20.00
15.00
Adaptation to low labor , low technology
input, & secure income resource
Established in 1982
Combination of food crops, cash crops, wood
& non wood products (Latex Rubber, Damar)
Total land of Indonesia 191 million ha
10.00
5.00
0.00
With Long Fallow period Ecosystem will
recover close to its initial stage in term of
Biomass, Biodiversity, & Fertility
Land-use
Finland
Hunting
Park
Production
Forest
Convertible
Production
Forest
Limited
Production
Forest
Total Forest area : 133 million ha
Protection
Forest
Hectares (million)
(Consensus of Forest Land Use/ Tata Guna Hutan Kesepakatan)
Drawn on map scale 1:250 000
Done in many type of ecosystem from
wetland - upland
Abolished all traditional land-use system
Land tenure conflict started
drawn on map/table
Example : Rubber Jungle, Damar
Krui(Shorea javanica), Coconut
no terrestrial survey conducted
no consultation with people
12/18/2011
3
12/18/2011
Source : de Foresta
4
Pérez, Fernández, Sayer
Rubber Jungle, shifting
cultivation, in South
Sumatra
Food crops
Rubber
Seed
Coagulated Rubber
Just Opened Field
Coffee
Cucumber
Post Harvest
After 3 years
12/18/2011
FORRSA
Chinamom
After > 10 years
5
12/18/2011
Tabacco
6
1
12/18/2011
Post Harvest
Problem threaten Sustainability :
a. Population pressure
b. Limitation of land for new farm
•
Traditional system (i.e marga) was abolished
•
1983 : National Forest Land, Land-use system implementation
Rice Container
Rice Container (lumbung padi)
Impacts
a. Short Fallow (Very short Fallow)
Food Crops
•
Fertility decrease
•
Biodiversity decrease
•
Biomass decrease
•
Alang - alang grassland
b. Farmer have no experience to intensive farming & need more production input
Rattan
12/18/2011
7
c. In some areas (Peat) are not suitable for intensive farming
12/18/2011
Criticism :
1b. FOREST PLANTATION (since 1980s)
Since 1980s,
Private & Government Company
Build on critical or degraded forest (volume of commercial species
with dbh
OUTLINE
TROPICAL FOREST DISTURBANCE & ITS
REHABILITATION EFFORT
1. BRIEF ON INDONESIAN LAND-USE
2. DISTURBANCE NATURAL FOREST LANDSCAPE
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
LILIK BUDI PRASETYO
lbpras@indo.net.id
Presented in Viikki Tropical Fores Research CenterHelsinki University 17 April 2008
Shifting Cultivation
Forest Plantation
Transmigration
Oil Palm/Plantation
Fire
Logging & Illegal Logging
Mining
3. ECOLOGICAL IMPLICATION
DEPT. FOREST RESOURCES CONSERVATION & ECOTOURISM
FORESTRY FACULTY-BOGOR AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
12/18/2011
4. REHABILITATION & RESTORATION EFFORT
1
FOREST LAND-USE
12/18/2011
2
1a. SHIFTING CULTIVATION
Complex Agro-forestry :
Shifting cultivators is not similar with : Forest
Squatters
Based on agreement of some agencies
: Forestry, Agriculture, & Transmigration
40.00
35.00
30.00
25.00
20.00
15.00
Adaptation to low labor , low technology
input, & secure income resource
Established in 1982
Combination of food crops, cash crops, wood
& non wood products (Latex Rubber, Damar)
Total land of Indonesia 191 million ha
10.00
5.00
0.00
With Long Fallow period Ecosystem will
recover close to its initial stage in term of
Biomass, Biodiversity, & Fertility
Land-use
Finland
Hunting
Park
Production
Forest
Convertible
Production
Forest
Limited
Production
Forest
Total Forest area : 133 million ha
Protection
Forest
Hectares (million)
(Consensus of Forest Land Use/ Tata Guna Hutan Kesepakatan)
Drawn on map scale 1:250 000
Done in many type of ecosystem from
wetland - upland
Abolished all traditional land-use system
Land tenure conflict started
drawn on map/table
Example : Rubber Jungle, Damar
Krui(Shorea javanica), Coconut
no terrestrial survey conducted
no consultation with people
12/18/2011
3
12/18/2011
Source : de Foresta
4
Pérez, Fernández, Sayer
Rubber Jungle, shifting
cultivation, in South
Sumatra
Food crops
Rubber
Seed
Coagulated Rubber
Just Opened Field
Coffee
Cucumber
Post Harvest
After 3 years
12/18/2011
FORRSA
Chinamom
After > 10 years
5
12/18/2011
Tabacco
6
1
12/18/2011
Post Harvest
Problem threaten Sustainability :
a. Population pressure
b. Limitation of land for new farm
•
Traditional system (i.e marga) was abolished
•
1983 : National Forest Land, Land-use system implementation
Rice Container
Rice Container (lumbung padi)
Impacts
a. Short Fallow (Very short Fallow)
Food Crops
•
Fertility decrease
•
Biodiversity decrease
•
Biomass decrease
•
Alang - alang grassland
b. Farmer have no experience to intensive farming & need more production input
Rattan
12/18/2011
7
c. In some areas (Peat) are not suitable for intensive farming
12/18/2011
Criticism :
1b. FOREST PLANTATION (since 1980s)
Since 1980s,
Private & Government Company
Build on critical or degraded forest (volume of commercial species
with dbh