Perseroan Terbatas Terbuka di Canada
Perseroan Terbatas Terbuka di Canada (Civil Law)
Kanada sebagai negara civil law memiliki sistem yang hampir sama dengan Indonesia
sebagai negara civil law. Di Kanada dikenal dengan Corporations dan Incorporations untuk PT
Terbukanya, tidak banyak perbedaan di antara keduanya, utamanya hanyalah di kode perusaan
ya itu Co. untuk corporations dan Inc untuk incorporations. Perseroan terbatas di Kanada
memiliki kode sebagai Ltd, Inc, Llc. Kode tidak terlalu menjadi masalah, perusahaan terbuka di
kanada adalah perusahaan yang mana sahamnya di perjual belikan di Toronto Stock Exchange. 1
Dalam hal struktur hukum, kewajiban mentaati peraturan, hal-hal yang dapat dilakukan atau
struktur pajak, tidak ada perbedaan antara keduanya. Baik Inc dan Co sama-sama perusahaan
terbuka dimana mereka menjual saham mereka ke masyarakat.
Pertanggung jawaban
Canada Business Corporations Act adalah hukum di kanada yang mengatur tentang
perseroan terbatas terbuka di Kanada. CBCA pasal 18:
Exemption from personal liability
(4) If expressly so provided in the written contract, a person who purported to act in the
name of or on behalf of the corporation before it came into existence is not in any event
bound by the contract or entitled to the benefits thereof.2
CBCA Pasal 45:
45. (1) The shareholders of a corporation are not, as shareholders, liable for any liability, act or
default of the corporation except under subsection
Dikarenakan namanya sebagai perusahaan perseroan terbatas, yang di artikan terbatas
di sini dimana pertanggung jawaban para pemilik saham hanya sebatas pada keuntungan dan
modal mereka yang disetorkan, tidak sampai ke harta pribadi mereka.3 Terdapat pemisahan
yang jelas antara perseorangan dengan perusahaan sebagai badan hukum, sehingga jika terjadi
apa-apa maka yang dapat dituntut dan dimintai pertanggung jawaban, adalah perusahaannya,
1 https://www.tmx.com/
2 Canada Business Corporate Act, article 18
3 http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-44/INDEX.HTML
bukan ke perseorangan. Kecuali, memang terbukti terdapat tindakan kesalahan yang dilakukan
oleh seseorang sebagai suatu kesatuan individu bukan badan hukum (Piercing The Corporate
Veil).
Struktur Manajemen:
1. Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham:
Dilakukan tahunan oleh para pemegang saham, berlaku one share one vote,
untuk memilih direktur utama, dewan direksi. Merupakan struktur manajemen tertinggi
di dalam perusahaan terbatas di Kanada.4
Hak-hak pemegang saham:
Berdasar 140 (1) dari CBCA, semua pemegang saham memiliki hak untuk memilih.
Pemegang Saham memegang posisi yang sama atas saham harus diperlakukan sama,
dan sebagainya, misalnya, tidak ada batas-batas voting. Pemegang saham dengan 5%
dari hak suara, dapat meminta direksi mengadakan pertemuan.
Pemegang saham mungkin dengan suara bulat setuju untuk melakukan aksi korporasi,
terlepas dari apa kemauan direksi. Pemegang Saham dapat mengubah artikel dasar
dengan suara mayoritas tiga perempat.5
2. Dewan Direksi:
Terdapat direktur utama yang tugasnya sebagai Direktur Utama adalah
"mengelola atau mengawasi pengelolaan, bisnis dan urusan korporasi, sedangkan dewan
direksi terdiri dari direktur dalam (para direktur yang mengelola perusahaan) dan
direktur luar (untuk ke fungsi pengawasan akan jalannya perusahaan).6
Tugas direksi dalam pasal. 122 dari CBCA :
122. ( 1 ) Setiap direktur dan petugas korporasi dalam melaksanakan kekuasaan mereka
dan menjalankan tugas mereka akan
4 http://www.cppib.com/
5 http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-44/page-53.html#docCont
6 http://www.osc.gov.on.ca/documents/en/Securities-Category5/rule_20101210_52-110_unofficialconsolidated.pdf
( a) bertindak jujur dan dengan itikad baik dengan maksud untuk kepentingan terbaik
dari korporasi ; dan
( b ) melaksanakan perawatan , ketekunan dan keterampilan yang orang cukup bijaksana
akan melaksanakan dalam keadaan yang sebanding .
( 2 ) Setiap direktur dan petugas korporasi harus memenuhi Undang-Undang ini ,
peraturan , artikel , oleh - hukum dan perjanjian pemegang saham bulat.
( 3 ) Tunduk pada ayat 146 ( 5 ) , ada ketentuan dalam kontrak , artikel , dengan mertua
atau resolusi mengurangi direktur atau pejabat dari kewajiban untuk bertindak sesuai
dengan Undang-undang ini atau peraturan atau mengurangi mereka dari kewajiban
untuk pelanggaran tersebut.7
Management Team
Manajemen tim bekerja sebagai ujung tombak perusahaan secara langsung bertanggung
jawab untuk berjalannya hari –hari di perusahaan dan menggapai keuntungan.
Contoh Ltd Company di Kanada:
Blackberry Limited
BlackBerry di didirikan pada 1984 oleh Mike Lazaridis, Douglas Fregin and Jim Balsill di Ontario,
Kanada. Pertama kali menjadi Incorporate, Perusahaan terbuka terbatas dengan kode Ltd pada
October 28, 1997 saat penjualan saham pertama di Toronto Stock Exchange. 8
Struktur Organisasi:
1. RUPS
Untuk penghitungan tahun fiscal, dihitung 4 bulan sekali dan dilaporkan dalam rapat 4
bulanan. Tetapi untuk penggantian direktur dilakukan pada akhir tahun.9
2. Susunan Direktur:
Board of Directors, terdiri dari direktur dalam yaitu:
a. John Chen; executive director
7 http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-44/page-45.html#docCont
8 http://ca.blackberry.com/company/investors/faqs.html
9 http://ca.blackberry.com/company/investors/events.html
John Chen is Executive Chairman of BlackBerry’s Board of Directors and Chief Executive
Officer.
John is a distinguished and proven leader in the technology industry. Prior to joining
BlackBerry, he served as Chairman and CEO of Sybase Inc., where he developed and led
the company’s re-invention from a mature, slower-growth technology company into a
$1.5 billion-plus high-growth innovator. Under his direction, Sybase became the leading
provider of enterprise mobility and mobile commerce solutions, achieving 55
consecutive quarters of profitability.
John previously held a series of executive positions at Siemens AG, Pyramid Technology
Corp., and Burroughs Corp. He started his career as a design engineer with Unisys Corp.
John is actively involved in international relations. He has testified before Congress on
U.S.–China trade relations. In 2005, U.S. President George W. Bush appointed him to
serve on the President's Export Council. In 2006, he was appointed co-chair of the
Secure Borders and Open Doors Advisory Committee. Additionally, John chaired the U.S.China Policy Advisory Roundtable for the Center for Strategic and International Studies
(CSIS).
In recognition of his leadership in building U.S.-Asia relations, John has received awards
from the US-Asia Institute, the U.S.-China Policy Foundation, and the California-Asia
Business Council. For his corporate board work, he has been honored by the U.S.-Pan
Asian American Chamber of Commerce Education Foundation.
John graduated from Brown University magna cum laude with a bachelor's degree in
electrical engineering and holds a master's in electrical engineering from California
Institute of Technology. John has an honorary professorship from Shanghai University,
and honorary doctorates from San Jose State University, City University of Hong Kong,
and Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.
John serves on the board of directors for The Walt Disney Company and Wells Fargo &
Co. He is also active in the not-for-profit community, and is also a trustee of Caltech,
board member of the National Committee on U.S.-China Relations, member of CFR,
national trustee of The First Tee and Governor of the San Francisco Symphony.
b. Prem Watsa
Mr. Watsa, 63, has served as Lead Director of the Company since November 2013 and
previously served as a director of the Company from January 2012 to August 2013. He
has a Bachelors Degree in Chemical Engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology
in Madras, India and obtained his MBA from the Richard Ivey School of Business at the
University of Western Ontario. He is also a holder of the Chartered Financial Analyst
designation. Mr. Watsa is currently Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Fairfax
Financial Holdings Limited (“Fairfax”). He is also Vice President of Hamblin Watsa
Investment Counsel, a subsidiary of Fairfax. Prior to joining Fairfax, he held various
positions with Confederation Life Insurance Company and GW Asset Management. In
addition, Mr. Watsa is a member of the board of trustees of the Hospital for Sick
Children Foundation, a member of the Advisory Board for the Richard Ivey School of
Business, a member of the board of directors of the Royal Ontario Museum Foundation,
and Chairman of the Investment Committee of St. Paul’s Anglican Church in Toronto.
c. Mike Daniels
Mr. Daniels, 68, has served as a director of the Company since October 2014.
Mr. Daniels currently serves as a Director of Mercury Systems and CACI International and
as Chairman of Invincea. Mr. Daniels also currently serves as a director of the Northern
Virginia Technology Council, the Virginia Chamber of Commerce and as Chairman of the
Logistics Management Institute. He also leads the National Advisory Board of the
American Enterprise Institute Center for Internet, Communications and Technology
Policy. Mr. Daniels previously held various senior management positions at Science
Applications International Corporation (SAIC) from 1986-2004. While at SAIC Mr. Daniels
identified and acquired Network Solutions and served as Chairman from 1995 until 2000
when the company was acquired by VeriSign. Mr. Daniels was Chairman and CEO of
Mobile 365 from 2005 until the sale of the company to Sybase in 2006. He then served
as a director of Sybase from 2007 to 2010. He has also served as Chairman of
GlobalLogic and as a director of VeriSign, Apogen Technologies and Telcordia
Technologies.
d. Timothy Dattels
Mr. Dattels, 53, has served as a director of the Company since July 2012. He has an
M.B.A. from Harvard Business School and a B.A. (Honors) from the University of Western
Ontario. Mr. Dattels is a Senior Partner of TPG Capital, LP. Prior to joining TPG, Mr.
Dattels served as a Partner and Managing Director of Goldman Sachs and was head of
Investment Banking for all Asian countries other than Japan. In addition to the public
Board memberships listed below, Mr. Dattels is a Trustee of the San Francisco Ballet, San
Francisco Jazz and the World Affairs Council.
e. Richard Lynch
Mr. Lynch, 64, has served as a director of the Company since February 2013. He has a
Bachelor and Masters degree in Electrical Engineering from Lowell Technological
Institute (now University of Massachusetts) and Post Graduate Executive education from
the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania and the Johnson School of
Management at Cornell University. Mr. Lynch is President of FB Associates, LLC, which
provides advisory and consulting services at the intersection of technology, marketing
and business operations. Prior to his current role, Mr. Lynch served as Executive VicePresident & Chief Technology Officer for Verizon Communications and the Executive
Vice-President & Chief Technology Officer of Verizon Wireless. He is a Fellow of The
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers and currently serves as a Director of
TranSwitch Corporation and Ruckus Wireless. Mr. Lynch has also served on a number of
professional organizations including the GSM Association, the CDMA Development
Group, the Federal Communications Commission Technical Advisory Committee and the
Communications Security Reliability and Interoperability Council. Mr. Lynch has been
honored with the President's Award by the Cellular Telecommunications and Internet
Association and has also been inducted into the Wireless History Foundation's Hall of
Fame.
f. Laurie Smaldone
Dr. Smaldone Alsup, 61, has served as a director of the Company since June 2015. She
has a BA from Fordham College and an MD from Yale University, where she completed
her residency in Internal Medicine and fellowship in Medical Oncology. Dr. Smaldone
Alsup is President and Chief Scientific Officer of PharmApprove, a pharmaceutical
strategic regulatory and scientific communications firm, and serves as a director of
KaloBios Pharmaceuticals. She was previously Chief Executive Officer of Phytomedics,
prior to which she held clinical and regulatory leadership roles at Bristol Myers Squibb,
including Senior Vice President of Global Regulatory Science and Vice President of
Corporate Strategy and Business Risk Management. Dr. Smaldone Alsup has also served
with numerous professional and charitable organizations including the Cancer Institute
of New Jersey, the Conference Board Strategic Risk Management Council and the
McCarter Theatre in Princeton, New Jersey.
g. Barbara Stymiest
Ms. Stymiest, 56, has served as a director of the Company since March 2007 and has
been the Chair of Board of the Company since January 2012. She has an HBA from the
Richard Ivey School of Business, University of Western Ontario and a FCA from the
Institute of Chartered Accountants of Ontario. Ms. Stymiest is currently a corporate
director. From 2004 to 2011, Ms. Stymiest was a member of the Group Executive of the
Royal Bank of Canada which is responsible for the Bank’s overall strategic direction. Prior
to that, she held positions as Chief Executive Officer at TSX Group Inc., Executive VicePresident & Chief Financial Officer at BMO Nesbitt Burns and Partner of Ernst & Young
LLP. Ms. Stymiest is currently a Director of George Weston Limited, Sun Life Financial
Inc., University Health Network and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. She
has also served on a number of professional and charitable organizations including the
Canadian Institute for Chartered Accountants’ Accounting Oversight Committee, United
Way Campaign Cabinet and Hincks-Dellcrest Children’s Centre.
h. Wayne Wouters
Mr. Wouters, 64, has served as a director of the Corporation since October 2015. Mr.
Wouters has an honours bachelor of commerce degree from the University of
Saskatchewan and a master’s degree in economics from Queen’s University. He is a
Strategic and Policy Advisor to McCarthy Tétrault LLP and serves as a member of the
Board of Trustees of United Way Worldwide. From 2009 to 2014, Mr. Wouters was the
Clerk of the Privy Council of Canada and, in that capacity, held the roles of Deputy
Minister to the Prime Minister, Secretary to the Cabinet and Head of the Public Service.
Prior to his tenure as Clerk, Mr. Wouters was Secretary of the Treasury Board of Canada
and served in deputy ministerial and other senior positions in the Canadian public
service. Mr. Wouters has received numerous awards, including an Honorary Doctorate of
Laws from the University of Saskatchewan, the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee Medal and the
André Mailhot Award for lifetime achievement from the United Way Canada. He was
inducted by the Prime Minister as a member of the Privy Council in 2014. 10
Direktur luar:
Terdapat juga board of committee, atau yang dikenal dengan direktur luar untuk fungsi
pengawasan. Untuk menjadi direktur external, benar-benar harus dipastikan background
checknya dan terdapat rolling untuk menjaga subjektivitas penilaian. 11
Pertanggung Jawaban:
Untuk pertanggung jawaban, karena bentuknya yang incorporate maka sesuai dengan
CBCA pasal 14:
Exemption from personal liability
(4) If expressly so provided in the written contract, a person who purported to act in the
name of or on behalf of the corporation before it came into existence is not in any event
bound by the contract or entitled to the benefits thereof.12
CBCA Pasal 45:
45. (1) The shareholders of a corporation are not, as shareholders, liable for any liability, act or
default of the corporation except under subsection
Terdapat pemisahaan kekuasaan atas perseorangan dengan perusahaan, sehingga jika
terjadi apa-apa di dalam BlackBerry Limited, yang bertanggung jawab adalah perusahaan,
dan jika bangkrut hanyalah sebesar harta dan keuntungan yang sesuai dengan modal mereka.
10 http://ca.blackberry.com/company/investors/corporate-governance/board-of-directors.html
11
http://ca.blackberry.com/content/dam/bbCompany/Desktop/Global/PDF/Investors/Governance/Audit_and_RM_C
ommittee_Charter.pdf
12 Canada Business Corporate Act, pasal 14
Matriks Perbandingan Sistem Perseroan Terbatas Di
Indonesia dan Kanada
Aspek
Syarat
Mendirikan
Pertanggung
Jawaban
Kanada
Indonesia
CBCA PASAL 5. (1) Salah seorang
pendirinya tidak boleh:
(a) kurang dari 18 tahun
(b) tidak cakap atau
dinyatakan tidak cakap di
pengadilan lain di luar
Kanada
(c) memiliki status
bangkrut.
CBCA pasal 45:
Para pemegang saham tidak
bertanggung jawab kepada
kesalahan perusahaan, hanya
sebesar hartanya.
Pencatatan
Saham
Hak
Pemegang
Saham
CBCA Pasal 24. (1)Saham
perusahaan harus didaftarkan dengan
nominal uang atau par value.
CBCA Pasal 24:
(a) hak suara dalam
RUPS;
(b) menerima dividen
(c) menerima hasil
kekayaan sisa likuidasi
Pasal 7 UU No.40 Tahun 2007
(1) Perseroan didirikan oleh 2 (dua)
orang atau lebih dengan akta notaris
yang dibuat dalam
bahasa Indonesia.
(2) Setiap pendiri Perseroan wajib
mengambil bagian saham pada saat
Perseroan didirikan.
Pasal 3 UU No.40 Tahun 2007
(1) Pemegang saham Perseroan tidak
bertanggung jawab secara pribadi atas
perikatan yang
dibuat atas nama Perseroan dan tidak
bertanggung jawab atas kerugian
Perseroan melebihi
saham yang dimiliki.
Pasal 49 UU No.40 Tahun 2007
(1) Nilai saham harus dicantumkan
dalam mata uang rupiah.
Pasal 52 UU No.40/2007
(1) Saham memberikan hak kepada
pemiliknya untuk:
a. menghadiri dan mengeluarkan suara
dalam RUPS;
b. menerima pembayaran dividen dan
sisa kekayaan hasil likuidasi;
c. menjalankan hak lainnya berdasarkan
undang- undang ini.
Anggaran
Dasar
CBCA PASAL 6
6. (1) Articles of incorporation shall
follow the form that the Director fixes
and shall set out, in respect of the
proposed corporation,
(a) the name of the corporation;
(b) the province in Canada where the
registered office is to be situated;
(c) the classes and any maximum
number of shares that the corporation
is authorized to issue, and
(i) if there will be two or more classes
of shares, the rights, privileges,
restrictions and conditions attaching
to each class of shares, and
(ii) if a class of shares may be issued
in series, the authority given to the
directors to fix the number of shares
in, and to determine the designation
of, and the rights, privileges,
restrictions and conditions attaching
to, the shares of each series;
o
(d) if the issue,
transfer or
ownership of
shares of the
corporation is to be
restricted, a
statement to that
effect and a
statement as to the
nature of such
restrictions;
o
(e) the number of
Anggaran Dasar
Pasal 15 UU No.40/2007
(1) Anggaran dasar sebagaimana
dimaksud dalam Pasal 8 ayat (1)
memuat sekurang-kurangnya:
a. nama dan tempat kedudukan
Perseroan;
b. maksud dan tujuan serta kegiatan
usaha Perseroan;
c. jangka waktu berdirinya Perseroan;
d. besarnya jumlah modal dasar, modal
ditempatkan, dan modal disetor;
e. jumlah saham, klasifikasi saham
apabila ada berikut jumlah saham untuk
tiap klasifikasi,
hak-hak yang melekat pada setiap
saham, dan nilai nominal setiap saham;
f. nama jabatan dan jumlah anggota
Direksi dan Dewan Komisaris;
g. penetapan tempat dan tata cara
penyelenggaraan RUPS;
h. tata cara pengangkatan, penggantian,
pemberhentian anggota Direksi dan
Dewan
Komisaris;
i. tata cara penggunaan laba dan
pembagian dividen.
(2) Selain ketentuan sebagaimana
dimaksud pada ayat (1) anggaran dasar
dapat juga memuat
ketentuan lain yang tidak bertentangan
dengan undang- undang ini.
(3) Anggaran dasar tidak boleh
memuat:
a. ketentuan tentang penerimaan bunga
tetap atas saham; dan
b. ketentuan tentang pemberian manfaat
pribadi kepada pendiri atau pihak lain.
directors or,
subject to
paragraph 107(a),
the minimum and
maximum number
of directors of the
corporation; and
o
(f) any restrictions
on the businesses
that the corporation
may carry on.
UTS TAKE HOME PERSEROAN
Perseroan Terbatas Terbuka di Kanada
Kelas A-1
Nabila Jofita K.
(031311133199)
Kanada sebagai negara civil law memiliki sistem yang hampir sama dengan Indonesia
sebagai negara civil law. Di Kanada dikenal dengan Corporations dan Incorporations untuk PT
Terbukanya, tidak banyak perbedaan di antara keduanya, utamanya hanyalah di kode perusaan
ya itu Co. untuk corporations dan Inc untuk incorporations. Perseroan terbatas di Kanada
memiliki kode sebagai Ltd, Inc, Llc. Kode tidak terlalu menjadi masalah, perusahaan terbuka di
kanada adalah perusahaan yang mana sahamnya di perjual belikan di Toronto Stock Exchange. 1
Dalam hal struktur hukum, kewajiban mentaati peraturan, hal-hal yang dapat dilakukan atau
struktur pajak, tidak ada perbedaan antara keduanya. Baik Inc dan Co sama-sama perusahaan
terbuka dimana mereka menjual saham mereka ke masyarakat.
Pertanggung jawaban
Canada Business Corporations Act adalah hukum di kanada yang mengatur tentang
perseroan terbatas terbuka di Kanada. CBCA pasal 18:
Exemption from personal liability
(4) If expressly so provided in the written contract, a person who purported to act in the
name of or on behalf of the corporation before it came into existence is not in any event
bound by the contract or entitled to the benefits thereof.2
CBCA Pasal 45:
45. (1) The shareholders of a corporation are not, as shareholders, liable for any liability, act or
default of the corporation except under subsection
Dikarenakan namanya sebagai perusahaan perseroan terbatas, yang di artikan terbatas
di sini dimana pertanggung jawaban para pemilik saham hanya sebatas pada keuntungan dan
modal mereka yang disetorkan, tidak sampai ke harta pribadi mereka.3 Terdapat pemisahan
yang jelas antara perseorangan dengan perusahaan sebagai badan hukum, sehingga jika terjadi
apa-apa maka yang dapat dituntut dan dimintai pertanggung jawaban, adalah perusahaannya,
1 https://www.tmx.com/
2 Canada Business Corporate Act, article 18
3 http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-44/INDEX.HTML
bukan ke perseorangan. Kecuali, memang terbukti terdapat tindakan kesalahan yang dilakukan
oleh seseorang sebagai suatu kesatuan individu bukan badan hukum (Piercing The Corporate
Veil).
Struktur Manajemen:
1. Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham:
Dilakukan tahunan oleh para pemegang saham, berlaku one share one vote,
untuk memilih direktur utama, dewan direksi. Merupakan struktur manajemen tertinggi
di dalam perusahaan terbatas di Kanada.4
Hak-hak pemegang saham:
Berdasar 140 (1) dari CBCA, semua pemegang saham memiliki hak untuk memilih.
Pemegang Saham memegang posisi yang sama atas saham harus diperlakukan sama,
dan sebagainya, misalnya, tidak ada batas-batas voting. Pemegang saham dengan 5%
dari hak suara, dapat meminta direksi mengadakan pertemuan.
Pemegang saham mungkin dengan suara bulat setuju untuk melakukan aksi korporasi,
terlepas dari apa kemauan direksi. Pemegang Saham dapat mengubah artikel dasar
dengan suara mayoritas tiga perempat.5
2. Dewan Direksi:
Terdapat direktur utama yang tugasnya sebagai Direktur Utama adalah
"mengelola atau mengawasi pengelolaan, bisnis dan urusan korporasi, sedangkan dewan
direksi terdiri dari direktur dalam (para direktur yang mengelola perusahaan) dan
direktur luar (untuk ke fungsi pengawasan akan jalannya perusahaan).6
Tugas direksi dalam pasal. 122 dari CBCA :
122. ( 1 ) Setiap direktur dan petugas korporasi dalam melaksanakan kekuasaan mereka
dan menjalankan tugas mereka akan
4 http://www.cppib.com/
5 http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-44/page-53.html#docCont
6 http://www.osc.gov.on.ca/documents/en/Securities-Category5/rule_20101210_52-110_unofficialconsolidated.pdf
( a) bertindak jujur dan dengan itikad baik dengan maksud untuk kepentingan terbaik
dari korporasi ; dan
( b ) melaksanakan perawatan , ketekunan dan keterampilan yang orang cukup bijaksana
akan melaksanakan dalam keadaan yang sebanding .
( 2 ) Setiap direktur dan petugas korporasi harus memenuhi Undang-Undang ini ,
peraturan , artikel , oleh - hukum dan perjanjian pemegang saham bulat.
( 3 ) Tunduk pada ayat 146 ( 5 ) , ada ketentuan dalam kontrak , artikel , dengan mertua
atau resolusi mengurangi direktur atau pejabat dari kewajiban untuk bertindak sesuai
dengan Undang-undang ini atau peraturan atau mengurangi mereka dari kewajiban
untuk pelanggaran tersebut.7
Management Team
Manajemen tim bekerja sebagai ujung tombak perusahaan secara langsung bertanggung
jawab untuk berjalannya hari –hari di perusahaan dan menggapai keuntungan.
Contoh Ltd Company di Kanada:
Blackberry Limited
BlackBerry di didirikan pada 1984 oleh Mike Lazaridis, Douglas Fregin and Jim Balsill di Ontario,
Kanada. Pertama kali menjadi Incorporate, Perusahaan terbuka terbatas dengan kode Ltd pada
October 28, 1997 saat penjualan saham pertama di Toronto Stock Exchange. 8
Struktur Organisasi:
1. RUPS
Untuk penghitungan tahun fiscal, dihitung 4 bulan sekali dan dilaporkan dalam rapat 4
bulanan. Tetapi untuk penggantian direktur dilakukan pada akhir tahun.9
2. Susunan Direktur:
Board of Directors, terdiri dari direktur dalam yaitu:
a. John Chen; executive director
7 http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-44/page-45.html#docCont
8 http://ca.blackberry.com/company/investors/faqs.html
9 http://ca.blackberry.com/company/investors/events.html
John Chen is Executive Chairman of BlackBerry’s Board of Directors and Chief Executive
Officer.
John is a distinguished and proven leader in the technology industry. Prior to joining
BlackBerry, he served as Chairman and CEO of Sybase Inc., where he developed and led
the company’s re-invention from a mature, slower-growth technology company into a
$1.5 billion-plus high-growth innovator. Under his direction, Sybase became the leading
provider of enterprise mobility and mobile commerce solutions, achieving 55
consecutive quarters of profitability.
John previously held a series of executive positions at Siemens AG, Pyramid Technology
Corp., and Burroughs Corp. He started his career as a design engineer with Unisys Corp.
John is actively involved in international relations. He has testified before Congress on
U.S.–China trade relations. In 2005, U.S. President George W. Bush appointed him to
serve on the President's Export Council. In 2006, he was appointed co-chair of the
Secure Borders and Open Doors Advisory Committee. Additionally, John chaired the U.S.China Policy Advisory Roundtable for the Center for Strategic and International Studies
(CSIS).
In recognition of his leadership in building U.S.-Asia relations, John has received awards
from the US-Asia Institute, the U.S.-China Policy Foundation, and the California-Asia
Business Council. For his corporate board work, he has been honored by the U.S.-Pan
Asian American Chamber of Commerce Education Foundation.
John graduated from Brown University magna cum laude with a bachelor's degree in
electrical engineering and holds a master's in electrical engineering from California
Institute of Technology. John has an honorary professorship from Shanghai University,
and honorary doctorates from San Jose State University, City University of Hong Kong,
and Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.
John serves on the board of directors for The Walt Disney Company and Wells Fargo &
Co. He is also active in the not-for-profit community, and is also a trustee of Caltech,
board member of the National Committee on U.S.-China Relations, member of CFR,
national trustee of The First Tee and Governor of the San Francisco Symphony.
b. Prem Watsa
Mr. Watsa, 63, has served as Lead Director of the Company since November 2013 and
previously served as a director of the Company from January 2012 to August 2013. He
has a Bachelors Degree in Chemical Engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology
in Madras, India and obtained his MBA from the Richard Ivey School of Business at the
University of Western Ontario. He is also a holder of the Chartered Financial Analyst
designation. Mr. Watsa is currently Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Fairfax
Financial Holdings Limited (“Fairfax”). He is also Vice President of Hamblin Watsa
Investment Counsel, a subsidiary of Fairfax. Prior to joining Fairfax, he held various
positions with Confederation Life Insurance Company and GW Asset Management. In
addition, Mr. Watsa is a member of the board of trustees of the Hospital for Sick
Children Foundation, a member of the Advisory Board for the Richard Ivey School of
Business, a member of the board of directors of the Royal Ontario Museum Foundation,
and Chairman of the Investment Committee of St. Paul’s Anglican Church in Toronto.
c. Mike Daniels
Mr. Daniels, 68, has served as a director of the Company since October 2014.
Mr. Daniels currently serves as a Director of Mercury Systems and CACI International and
as Chairman of Invincea. Mr. Daniels also currently serves as a director of the Northern
Virginia Technology Council, the Virginia Chamber of Commerce and as Chairman of the
Logistics Management Institute. He also leads the National Advisory Board of the
American Enterprise Institute Center for Internet, Communications and Technology
Policy. Mr. Daniels previously held various senior management positions at Science
Applications International Corporation (SAIC) from 1986-2004. While at SAIC Mr. Daniels
identified and acquired Network Solutions and served as Chairman from 1995 until 2000
when the company was acquired by VeriSign. Mr. Daniels was Chairman and CEO of
Mobile 365 from 2005 until the sale of the company to Sybase in 2006. He then served
as a director of Sybase from 2007 to 2010. He has also served as Chairman of
GlobalLogic and as a director of VeriSign, Apogen Technologies and Telcordia
Technologies.
d. Timothy Dattels
Mr. Dattels, 53, has served as a director of the Company since July 2012. He has an
M.B.A. from Harvard Business School and a B.A. (Honors) from the University of Western
Ontario. Mr. Dattels is a Senior Partner of TPG Capital, LP. Prior to joining TPG, Mr.
Dattels served as a Partner and Managing Director of Goldman Sachs and was head of
Investment Banking for all Asian countries other than Japan. In addition to the public
Board memberships listed below, Mr. Dattels is a Trustee of the San Francisco Ballet, San
Francisco Jazz and the World Affairs Council.
e. Richard Lynch
Mr. Lynch, 64, has served as a director of the Company since February 2013. He has a
Bachelor and Masters degree in Electrical Engineering from Lowell Technological
Institute (now University of Massachusetts) and Post Graduate Executive education from
the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania and the Johnson School of
Management at Cornell University. Mr. Lynch is President of FB Associates, LLC, which
provides advisory and consulting services at the intersection of technology, marketing
and business operations. Prior to his current role, Mr. Lynch served as Executive VicePresident & Chief Technology Officer for Verizon Communications and the Executive
Vice-President & Chief Technology Officer of Verizon Wireless. He is a Fellow of The
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers and currently serves as a Director of
TranSwitch Corporation and Ruckus Wireless. Mr. Lynch has also served on a number of
professional organizations including the GSM Association, the CDMA Development
Group, the Federal Communications Commission Technical Advisory Committee and the
Communications Security Reliability and Interoperability Council. Mr. Lynch has been
honored with the President's Award by the Cellular Telecommunications and Internet
Association and has also been inducted into the Wireless History Foundation's Hall of
Fame.
f. Laurie Smaldone
Dr. Smaldone Alsup, 61, has served as a director of the Company since June 2015. She
has a BA from Fordham College and an MD from Yale University, where she completed
her residency in Internal Medicine and fellowship in Medical Oncology. Dr. Smaldone
Alsup is President and Chief Scientific Officer of PharmApprove, a pharmaceutical
strategic regulatory and scientific communications firm, and serves as a director of
KaloBios Pharmaceuticals. She was previously Chief Executive Officer of Phytomedics,
prior to which she held clinical and regulatory leadership roles at Bristol Myers Squibb,
including Senior Vice President of Global Regulatory Science and Vice President of
Corporate Strategy and Business Risk Management. Dr. Smaldone Alsup has also served
with numerous professional and charitable organizations including the Cancer Institute
of New Jersey, the Conference Board Strategic Risk Management Council and the
McCarter Theatre in Princeton, New Jersey.
g. Barbara Stymiest
Ms. Stymiest, 56, has served as a director of the Company since March 2007 and has
been the Chair of Board of the Company since January 2012. She has an HBA from the
Richard Ivey School of Business, University of Western Ontario and a FCA from the
Institute of Chartered Accountants of Ontario. Ms. Stymiest is currently a corporate
director. From 2004 to 2011, Ms. Stymiest was a member of the Group Executive of the
Royal Bank of Canada which is responsible for the Bank’s overall strategic direction. Prior
to that, she held positions as Chief Executive Officer at TSX Group Inc., Executive VicePresident & Chief Financial Officer at BMO Nesbitt Burns and Partner of Ernst & Young
LLP. Ms. Stymiest is currently a Director of George Weston Limited, Sun Life Financial
Inc., University Health Network and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. She
has also served on a number of professional and charitable organizations including the
Canadian Institute for Chartered Accountants’ Accounting Oversight Committee, United
Way Campaign Cabinet and Hincks-Dellcrest Children’s Centre.
h. Wayne Wouters
Mr. Wouters, 64, has served as a director of the Corporation since October 2015. Mr.
Wouters has an honours bachelor of commerce degree from the University of
Saskatchewan and a master’s degree in economics from Queen’s University. He is a
Strategic and Policy Advisor to McCarthy Tétrault LLP and serves as a member of the
Board of Trustees of United Way Worldwide. From 2009 to 2014, Mr. Wouters was the
Clerk of the Privy Council of Canada and, in that capacity, held the roles of Deputy
Minister to the Prime Minister, Secretary to the Cabinet and Head of the Public Service.
Prior to his tenure as Clerk, Mr. Wouters was Secretary of the Treasury Board of Canada
and served in deputy ministerial and other senior positions in the Canadian public
service. Mr. Wouters has received numerous awards, including an Honorary Doctorate of
Laws from the University of Saskatchewan, the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee Medal and the
André Mailhot Award for lifetime achievement from the United Way Canada. He was
inducted by the Prime Minister as a member of the Privy Council in 2014. 10
Direktur luar:
Terdapat juga board of committee, atau yang dikenal dengan direktur luar untuk fungsi
pengawasan. Untuk menjadi direktur external, benar-benar harus dipastikan background
checknya dan terdapat rolling untuk menjaga subjektivitas penilaian. 11
Pertanggung Jawaban:
Untuk pertanggung jawaban, karena bentuknya yang incorporate maka sesuai dengan
CBCA pasal 14:
Exemption from personal liability
(4) If expressly so provided in the written contract, a person who purported to act in the
name of or on behalf of the corporation before it came into existence is not in any event
bound by the contract or entitled to the benefits thereof.12
CBCA Pasal 45:
45. (1) The shareholders of a corporation are not, as shareholders, liable for any liability, act or
default of the corporation except under subsection
Terdapat pemisahaan kekuasaan atas perseorangan dengan perusahaan, sehingga jika
terjadi apa-apa di dalam BlackBerry Limited, yang bertanggung jawab adalah perusahaan,
dan jika bangkrut hanyalah sebesar harta dan keuntungan yang sesuai dengan modal mereka.
10 http://ca.blackberry.com/company/investors/corporate-governance/board-of-directors.html
11
http://ca.blackberry.com/content/dam/bbCompany/Desktop/Global/PDF/Investors/Governance/Audit_and_RM_C
ommittee_Charter.pdf
12 Canada Business Corporate Act, pasal 14
Matriks Perbandingan Sistem Perseroan Terbatas Di
Indonesia dan Kanada
Aspek
Syarat
Mendirikan
Pertanggung
Jawaban
Kanada
Indonesia
CBCA PASAL 5. (1) Salah seorang
pendirinya tidak boleh:
(a) kurang dari 18 tahun
(b) tidak cakap atau
dinyatakan tidak cakap di
pengadilan lain di luar
Kanada
(c) memiliki status
bangkrut.
CBCA pasal 45:
Para pemegang saham tidak
bertanggung jawab kepada
kesalahan perusahaan, hanya
sebesar hartanya.
Pencatatan
Saham
Hak
Pemegang
Saham
CBCA Pasal 24. (1)Saham
perusahaan harus didaftarkan dengan
nominal uang atau par value.
CBCA Pasal 24:
(a) hak suara dalam
RUPS;
(b) menerima dividen
(c) menerima hasil
kekayaan sisa likuidasi
Pasal 7 UU No.40 Tahun 2007
(1) Perseroan didirikan oleh 2 (dua)
orang atau lebih dengan akta notaris
yang dibuat dalam
bahasa Indonesia.
(2) Setiap pendiri Perseroan wajib
mengambil bagian saham pada saat
Perseroan didirikan.
Pasal 3 UU No.40 Tahun 2007
(1) Pemegang saham Perseroan tidak
bertanggung jawab secara pribadi atas
perikatan yang
dibuat atas nama Perseroan dan tidak
bertanggung jawab atas kerugian
Perseroan melebihi
saham yang dimiliki.
Pasal 49 UU No.40 Tahun 2007
(1) Nilai saham harus dicantumkan
dalam mata uang rupiah.
Pasal 52 UU No.40/2007
(1) Saham memberikan hak kepada
pemiliknya untuk:
a. menghadiri dan mengeluarkan suara
dalam RUPS;
b. menerima pembayaran dividen dan
sisa kekayaan hasil likuidasi;
c. menjalankan hak lainnya berdasarkan
undang- undang ini.
Anggaran
Dasar
CBCA PASAL 6
6. (1) Articles of incorporation shall
follow the form that the Director fixes
and shall set out, in respect of the
proposed corporation,
(a) the name of the corporation;
(b) the province in Canada where the
registered office is to be situated;
(c) the classes and any maximum
number of shares that the corporation
is authorized to issue, and
(i) if there will be two or more classes
of shares, the rights, privileges,
restrictions and conditions attaching
to each class of shares, and
(ii) if a class of shares may be issued
in series, the authority given to the
directors to fix the number of shares
in, and to determine the designation
of, and the rights, privileges,
restrictions and conditions attaching
to, the shares of each series;
o
(d) if the issue,
transfer or
ownership of
shares of the
corporation is to be
restricted, a
statement to that
effect and a
statement as to the
nature of such
restrictions;
o
(e) the number of
Anggaran Dasar
Pasal 15 UU No.40/2007
(1) Anggaran dasar sebagaimana
dimaksud dalam Pasal 8 ayat (1)
memuat sekurang-kurangnya:
a. nama dan tempat kedudukan
Perseroan;
b. maksud dan tujuan serta kegiatan
usaha Perseroan;
c. jangka waktu berdirinya Perseroan;
d. besarnya jumlah modal dasar, modal
ditempatkan, dan modal disetor;
e. jumlah saham, klasifikasi saham
apabila ada berikut jumlah saham untuk
tiap klasifikasi,
hak-hak yang melekat pada setiap
saham, dan nilai nominal setiap saham;
f. nama jabatan dan jumlah anggota
Direksi dan Dewan Komisaris;
g. penetapan tempat dan tata cara
penyelenggaraan RUPS;
h. tata cara pengangkatan, penggantian,
pemberhentian anggota Direksi dan
Dewan
Komisaris;
i. tata cara penggunaan laba dan
pembagian dividen.
(2) Selain ketentuan sebagaimana
dimaksud pada ayat (1) anggaran dasar
dapat juga memuat
ketentuan lain yang tidak bertentangan
dengan undang- undang ini.
(3) Anggaran dasar tidak boleh
memuat:
a. ketentuan tentang penerimaan bunga
tetap atas saham; dan
b. ketentuan tentang pemberian manfaat
pribadi kepada pendiri atau pihak lain.
directors or,
subject to
paragraph 107(a),
the minimum and
maximum number
of directors of the
corporation; and
o
(f) any restrictions
on the businesses
that the corporation
may carry on.
UTS TAKE HOME PERSEROAN
Perseroan Terbatas Terbuka di Kanada
Kelas A-1
Nabila Jofita K.
(031311133199)