THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA’S INTEREST TOWARD THE REFUSAL OF OTTAWA TREATY

  1

  ! " # $ ! " # % ! & ! !& # ' ! ( ) " ! !

! * )

)

  • +,+-+./

  2

  3 4+.+

  ! " " # $%& ' " # "

  & " ( ) " " " "%&

  • %+ , (* *
    • . / . / /

  1& "

  • 2 + , (* *
    • .34 4/3 .. /
    • "

  $$ ! " " # $%& ' " # ", & " ( ) " 5 / , /

  1 %

  • " "* 0 2 , (* * -* . / 4/ .4.

  6

  7

  8 $ * %" & , (* *

  7

  8 # " * %+ , (* *

  • .3 3 ../ / /
  • . / . / /
  • . / 6 . /

  7

  8 $ * 1 " % , (* *

  7

  8 # $%& ' " # "

  & " ( ) " "* % , (* * -* . 6 .

  3

  5 5 +,+-+./

  9 & : & " " & " 1 &&

  " $ * " & 1 " , "* 1" & & ;" 9 + 9 <% * $&% 9 & 1

  " " $ $ ", " $ " +

  • " " &

  % + , =%& / " $

  "

  9

  ! " ! " ! " ! "

  # $ %& ' # $ %& ' # $ %& ' # $ %& '

  ( % ( % ( % ( % )))) ( ( ( ( ****

  3

  # " &&, 9 %& & + 1 +" && , & 1 > ' % " 0 " & "" 1 0 " 1% $ " $ "

  " "* $ & , & ? " "%$$ "" 9 %& $ 9 % $ % 1 $ % & % , " *

  " $ & % , 9 %& & + "" " 1 % " 9 $ & $ & 1 &% & "% "" " $

  $$ & " 1 " "* "* % , (* 67 # $%& ' " # *

  ", /* * 2 + , (* *, " 1& " ,

  %+ , (* , * * 6* @% % A%" , * , $ $ $ "%& ,

  , * , (* , + * # 3* +" && & $ % " 1& " ,

  • ( " &, # $ % ( & &

  7 8, C 7 ' 8, 7 8, #

  7 8, ("*0 , ("* D ( * % 7+

  ! 8, ("*

  7

  /* ( " $ & , 1 '- 5'5B ("* 7 " 8, ("* % D ("*

  $ ☺8

  7

  7 8, =

  1 , ' ))

  ( & & 9 !

  

( - !% , $ & ' "

  .* & & % & B ( "+ ,

  ' " $ ☺ %, "

  @%"% , " &&

  ! "

  4* ( & & ,

  • ( > %" *# '%+ + 2 -, '">* " &&
  • ! " " & B

  8, ("* % 7, %8,

  7 && '- $ " " % "

  • - ( *

  7 8* $ * . ' /&&&

  • && " % " 7) " $ % " && 98B

  E"

  1 F, 9 , @ 1 E 2 % & " F, % + G#%2 1 + ;, , -%" G 1;, A + G$ ;, A + (% , # %? G $ $;*

  6* 9 && " B ' 1% " $ && 9 7 , , %& , ?, ( & , 0 " , ' & ", , @% , , , # , ( ,

  ", , , 11 8* ' % && 9 7> & , 9 , % , )", 8* "& && 9 7 , % , ( <,

  , + , 5 1+ , &9 , ! +, !% , , ' 1, ' , & ", 5 , " , , $8* ' " % & " , 9 %& & + " +" & 9

  • $ & ? " " " " " && 1 $ *

  , 9 & : & 9 &$ "%11 " ", $ ", $ $ " " 9 " $ $ 1 " " "* && , " " " 9 && %" %& "*

  % + , & / " $

  "

  9

  1

  & *********************************************************************************************************** & " " "%& ******************************************************* & ! " ***************************************************

  • % $ ****************************************************************************************** ( "********************************************************************************************************

  $ ************************************************************************************************** $+ 9& 1 ***************************************************************************************

  & "*************************************************************************************** " $ ***************************************************************************************************** 0 - B 5 )

  5

  • ! $+1 % % ************************************ !* " $ H% " **************************************** 6
  • $ % ********************************************** 6
  • 5 2 $ % ********************************
  • ! %

  IIIIIIIIII*6 #* $ & $ *********************************** >* " $ ( & 1 IIIIIIIII3 0* " " 5 1 ?

  IIIIIIIIII*4 0 - B ' ) C

  • 5 9 *********************************************** .

  !* $ # 1 - & $ ****************************** 6

  • )& $ " ) ********************************* 0 - B '@
  • )& $ " ) )*

  %" &

  5 9 ***************************** 4

  !* ! && & - & $ & C &% "IIIIII****6

  • 1 "":- " & " % 1 ! &&

  & ;" *IIIIIIIIIIII6 ) " * $ # 1 - & $ $ "

  ' " ""% "IIIIIIIIII4 0 - C B 5 ') 5 )>>

  5 $&%"

  IIIIIIIIIIIII***4 * !* %11 "

  IIIIIIIIIIIIII ! !' 5> -0@

  1 ! 8 6 +,+-+./6 4+.+6 6 !& # ' ! 6 ( ) " ! ! 6 ! * )6

  9

  9 2 $ " " * + " " $ & 5 " $ 9 % " " 9 ) " $ %"

  9 * " 1 5 " " $ %" <% & 9 & " $ " 1 " " $ %" $ && $ & ? 1 " $ <% "

  " 1, $ && 1, & ? 1 * " % $ " $ 9 " $ & E )" ,

  • 9 " $+ & 1, - %$ " :- " & ( "

  " %$ F* " " $ 9 " , 9 & 1 9 " +", 1 ? ", 9" ", $& ", 2 % &",

  • "% " % $ " " 1 $ $ " &

  1 "9 " $

  • <% "

  " $ %" " $ &, " $ : & $ &, 1 & $ $ " %& $ " % " "9 9 ) " $ %" " 1 5 9 *

  & " ", 9 " % " " 9 )* %"

  5 9 " 1 $ $ & " & & , " $% 1 % A " )* && , $ $ $ " * 9 " % & ? %" 1 %& $ " % + 9 $ " $ "

  • 1 $ "" $ " $ % %& $ " % " $ " + 1 $ "" " %& & % %" $ "* "

  )* %" 1 5 9 9 " & ? %1 " $ - " 1 "" " % ? $ " + " $ " * - " ! && & " ) " $ ;" " $% $ , 9 & , 1 "" " % " )* " " & " "% 9 * & " 1 " %& & % %" $ " " $&%

  " ? "% * & 1 " $ " $ " " %" &

  9

  5

  9 , ! && & ""% " - J :36 0% 1* !

  ""% 1 - J :36, " 9" " %& $ " % & " 1& 1 % *

  ! " # # $" % " &

  ' ( '

  ( (

  "

  • )

  $ , "- ( "

  ( . $ . ' '

  / ) ) ,+112-

  ' 3% '

  • $ $ *

  4 " /

  ' % "

  5 3 / $ $ $ ' 4 ,

  (6) +111- / " '

  " / 11 "

  ( ) " "

  $" %

  5

  7 8 " 9 $ :

  • $

  : " ) 8 "

  $ )

  ; ( ) <<=

  • 11= 2> # ( ' $

  " 6 0 ) )

  ?1$+11 ) @ A

  ,+11B- 3 ' ) >1 4 *

  @ ) @ ) , <<?- . / .

  B &

  C & (

  !

  • 9 3; ( D4

  "

  (

  • #$ !%

  / & (

  !

  9

  8

  5

  2

  • (

  & ! ' ""

  ! $

  / , <>+-

  3E $ C 4 , >+-

  ? C

  • 5

  9 @

  C

  ( ) '

  • C *

  C * @ ' , <<?-

  3 '

  ' 4 , ?1-

  =

  • C *
  • 4 , 21-
  • ! !* !

  C / '

  ' C

  $ @ ' , <<?- 3)

  ' C /

  9

  ! "

  • /

  C

  "

  ( F "

  5

  ! "

  C

  5 F " (

  > @ )

  ( "

  ) (

  "

  !" #

  $ % &

  % ' ( )

  • $+ , - ' $ ! . /% * + 1 0 0 ! .

  $+ * 0 + - .

  , ( %

  ) $ % -

  2 - & " %

  % $ % , 3 - $

  $ 4 $ 5 ' '

  3 % #

  /0 66 % *

  " 7"" 0

  89

  • 1.*0 & %

  77 % :

  3

  • 77 3 %

  & %

  % " 7 ; $2 ( % , 7""

  89 %

  ( %

  % * <

  % #

  • % ,
  • = %
    • & ) > 47"" 50 > -

  3 80""" 7"0""" % > 7"%"""

  = % *

  28 - 9"$7"" 4 2"?0 "?@ A1;50 *

  % >

  $

  • B % &

  % > - % C %

  % %

  . 0 1 ; % & 1; -

  ; C 4; 5 & & )

  > C

  % D, < D <%

  • ; 1; % 0 1; , C

  6 1; $ 2 %

  = % &

  7 $

  • %

  )

  3

  3

  • % & % &

  3 % &

  # # & % * -

  • %
  • = % : 68"

  % $ 4*+5 $ - 4* 5 % )

  % * $

  3 % & C

  % , $ - 3 *+ % &

  6 # # & - %

  & 3 - - - % & * % ) 3 0 , $ - B 62!%66

  4 8! - 5 /28% 9 466! - 5 % , -

  • %

  %

  • 1 . 41%.5% & 1%.

  % %

  1%. C - % & $ - % * 1%.0 $ -

  4*+ 5% 0 1.

  % 1. 1%. =

  • 3 $ C C $

  3 1%. ( . A .

  60 1 .

  3 E 8" $

  $

  2 $

  1%.% F

  %

  • 1. % &
    • % & 3 1%.

  G , * % & C 0

  • 1. -

  % G < 4 . 0 7"""5% 1 .

  3 = - % & 1%.

  % & C 3 % (

  • % 1%.

  % 1%.

  1%. = %

  8 B %

  %

  3 %

  % * G 47"""5

  3 C %

  % &

  • 4 % 85% &

  < %

  3

  • <

  = 3 % =

  % * ) 0 + 0 4 8750 4 % 22 5% ; - C =

  % & % *

  9 <

  % *

  • %

  = 1 .

  = % 1 .

  • 1%.% ( . '
    • % &

  3

  0 G A

  4 + + - 0 9 0 % 6225%

  % * % *

  / % &

  0 G 4 /!5 4 % 79 5%

  • 3 C

  4G 0 /!5% %

  %

  3 3 % & % &

  % , %

  % & % =

  % G B -

  H H

  4G 0 /!5%

  ! %

  C % %

  • %

  3 C % C

  % $

  C % & - C

  %

  • % &

  C % G

  C H H

  4G 0 /!5% G

  3 C %

  3 C %

  %

  3 C C %

  & C C B -

  %

  ! "

  • G

  4G 0 /!5% $ C C

  % C

  % , = % G

  4 C 50 < %

  % +

  7" = %

  %

  0 G

  3 3 % %

  # $ % & ' ' &

  = % *

  C C % &

  % C % 4 5

  • = % G % #
  • =

  B - %

  (( %

  7 % & 0 3

  % &

  • B C % # C %

  3 % :

  % : <

  C %

  %

  ( )

  3 % & 3 % G

  C C

  3

  3 3 % & C

  3

  77 % (

  3

  3 - % % &

  • :3

  %

  3

  3 - G C %

  '' *

  . -

  3 3 % .

  • %
    • 3

  • % B %

  3 B % % - +

  % + % -

  • 3 % :

  76 % &

  C

  3 B % .

  = %

  % % . < C

  % C %

  • C -% & C %

  &

  • % & 0 , G

  72

  I G

  3 % 1 .

  1%. = % 1 B

  • %
    • %

  • 1%.

  %

  ,- . +

  B

  3

  3 4 = 5%

  • 4 885 3

  A % ; . .

  % 7% > 6% 2% :3 8% + 4 % 78/5

  1 . . $ = % &

  78 0 3

  3 - = B %

  % &

  . % ) 4-

  5 . % G 47"""5 .

  • 4 % 975% 1 .
  • % 0 .
    • % 1.

  %

  / . % * ' & - . " $ $

  1%. - % % &

  1%. -

  79

  • % ( % G

  4

  5 % & # 0

  % * 1%. . 1 % % :

  % * . 1 % J 0 % *

  = % * % *

  % & = % & -

  = %

  G 0 . + G % & $ % 3 = %

  • %
  • % & 1 .

  7/ %

  # = %

  3 1 . % = $ : :

  I : * 0 & . * 0 & . * 0 ) C > *

  . * ; * % * = % G

  ) $ 0 1-

  0 I 0 . K I 0 + - &

  . * & * ) C % &

  • 3

  % #

  • =

  % & % 1 .

  %

  7! :

  % J 0 $

  % 1 .

  % = % <

  = % 1 .

  4G 5%

  1 $ & 1%.

  % * C % 1%.

  % & - % & - -

  • % G 47"""5 *
    • 4 % 665% -

  % * & B

  % % 0 *

  DB <

  7 % & , (

  = > ; %

  • B 1 .

  % 6" 0 G < - # # &&

  %

  • %

  % & 3 1%.

  % 1%. 1 ;

  % ; 1 ; % % & *

  = * - = % 1%.

  % 1%.

  • =

  %

  6" G

  B 1%. % B

  • % % & = 3 % #

  % B

  3 = % - 1 .

  % 1 . = %

  % ( % % & 1%.

  % B

  • % #

  % - B % " & * ' .

  .

  • %

  % # % & - - -

  • =

  6 %

  • %

  3 %

  3 %

  % & - % 1%.

  % &

  • % %

  ! '

  % % &

  C % %

  3 % , G 4 ! 50 *

  67

  • < %

  C * % #

  % # - .

  % - % , G

  % % &

  • $ 3

  % :

  • % A

  66

  • A , G 4 ! 5
  • %
    • 3

  % $ % #

  ) 3 % & $

  • % *

  4, G 0 ! 5%

  • * *

  % : %

  62 <

  3

  • % &
  • % &

  % < % #

  < %

  • %
  • 3 - %

   $ %(

  • % *

  % B - %

  % % .

  %

  68 %

  B % & %

  & B - 0

  < % $ %

  • % &
  • -% ( % %' '

  % %

  • %

  % &

  3

  3 3 - % #

  % * - % & -

  69 % &

  % - &

  C $C % * C

  • %
  • %

  % G $C

  %

  3

  3 %

  3 %

  ! "

  ! " # $%&% '($)

  • ,
  • ,

  &

  • , .
    • / - *

  • /

  1 , *

  1 - *

  1

  2 #

  % # 3#

  / 4 - " # !$%&%)

  # ! '(5) *

  • 1 *

  # ,

  1 1 * * 6 $%% 7 / + (

  $8( 0 , 9 : 9 - !5888) ; $%%'

  : ! 57) 9 /

  • :
  • 6 * + -

  '8

  " # $ % $ & " ' ( " ) $ " * %"

  ( ' +,,

  8

  • +,- %"
  • +,,
  • +,,
    • $8( 0 * ((

  (( '(

  8

  . * % " --/ 0-/ 1 % % 2 %"

  (( '(

  8 <

  : 9 - *

  9 - '( 6 - !* , 9 )

  : -

  '$

  • = > .

  #

  6

  2

  • # # * -
  • /

  # - ?

  1 1 ) $ 3 " % +

  • / '5 ,

  3 . , $%% 3588$ ,

  @ @

  $%'(3$%%$ @

  • ,

  9 @

  , /

  '5 , *

  • ,
  • ,
  • A < B <

  9 B , ,

  , ; *1 ! * ; 1 # ) >

  $%&% $%%$

  2

  2 A

  • , , ,

  :

  • ,

  ,

  '

  • @ - + @

  , .

  4 .

  @ C

  @ * !0 $%%$)

  • ,

  ; B

  9 9 , + !9 ) ; B

  B

  • / @

  ''

  4 1 5 6 "

  / A

  B !$%&') ,

  ! = 5888)

  2 = < ! =<) 2 -

  , * !2-,) ; 1 # !; *1) ,

  = !5888) / *

  D ; E < ,

  / : ,; 9

  '( 6 < ,

  <

  • ; *1 ,;

  / , / / : ,; 0

  @ !00@) $%%( *

  1

  1 * * ,

  7 1 5 . " %

  / + , 30 @ .

  @ C

  4 @

  3

  '7 @

  @ . !5888)

  , ! ()

  @ @

  • D

  E !< 588%) .

  , .

  4

  • 4

  /

  • < .

  9

  '

  6 / / 1 /

  / = F

  /

  • 6 D0
    • ; E *

  • , @ ,
  • : .

  4 D E . + !5888)

  ! &$) # ,

  4 <

  ,

  '& @

  !$%(5) - / ,

  • @ @ , ! '($) *

  /

  %" 8 " $ $ " % 1 5 " + 1 5 " * $ 9 .

  9 6 /

  • /

  2 < -

  • /

  1 / *

  : , .

  1

  • /

  '% @ , - 6 3- " > $%%(

  3 . / ,; A

  , <

  , , 6 - ,;

  = = = @ 1 * ,; A $%%'

  • C A

  3

  • 33 3 !0

  $%%() ,; #

  (8 @

  3

  • / .

  00@ $%%7 ,

  ,

  3 $%%

  • 1 = : ?

  / ,; 6 !06)

  1 *

  06 = @ , 0

  / "

  1

  06 @ , 1 - , ; 6 !06) *

  06 $%%

  !@ )

  ($

  • 06 1 * / + 1 * / ,;

  A / !$%% )

  " , :

  1

  1 ,

  C 6 + 06 /

  06

  4

  3 , B

  • ,

  1 B - , / !$%%7)

  /

  4 B

  • ,

  (5 @ .

  3

  3 ! )

  3

  • D E , ,
  • D E ,
  • 4
  • :
  • / !$%% )

  , / + D

  3 E D

  3 E = / *

  D E

  3 "

  D E

  @ . D

  1 E D@

  (

  4

  4 E !0 $%% ) *

  #

  • 6 /

  !$%(5)

  D- #

  @ 6 0E ! ' 7) < 6 *

  6 D- E / -

  • G; ? G GA -

  3 G /

  ! . $%%7) , -

  ; B 6=H !6 # H )

  ('

  • B

  % $ 6 "

  "

  • ?

  = ,

  ,

  1 / !$%% ) * , B -

  • B 888 * B ; B

  5 B * ; C

  #

  1

  • B 6=H

  (( :

  / 4 *

  I I$(

  • 01" A = ,

  3

  B

  9 A G E ! 588 )

  • 6=H B *

  6=H ,

  (7 , *

  B ,

  B

  ( $ % 9 "

  B 6=H B - ; #

  , B

  / > > B @ B

  , * > , ; * ,

  ,; B & / ; B

  B > $%(8 ; * B B B

  • 9 @ !5888) > $%(8 B @ ; B &

  B @ ; B B :

  • 1 4 ! (88)

  (

  • ; B B *

  , * ,;

  9 B ; B

  • ,

  , B

  1 ; B

  @ , *

  , B @ D6 * E * -

  6 2 " ,

  , * B ; B

  2 $%'%

  • $%'%
  • 9 @ !5888) $%'%

  ! / : ) - +

  • =

  9 > *

  (&

  9 ! '%7)

  , B D E * >

  2 B >

  • B :

  ,

  • B 3, < !B19, <* ) , ,

  B , A6- 2 > < * - 6 !58$8) - . <

  ;

  9 B

  • B D= . < B <* , A6- I$8

  :

  3

  4 , E B

  B >

  B > : ,

  ,

  (%

  • 3 ,

  : ,

  > :

  2 B < D B , > G G , E * ,

  : , ,

  /

  • ,

  , * @ 4 ,

  • , / * B B * 1 / +

  78

  " "

  , / !$%%() D ,

  , * , 8 + @ = E 0 6 *

  , 3 $%%53%' * , *

  :

  • , ,

  , 1 , ,

  / ,

  1

  • ,

  , ' @ . 9 @ 3 $% *

  7$

  • =
  • . !

  A = ) / $%&( $%%(

  • : -

  I

  7 I$(8 !. 9 @ ) . 9 @ !58$8) ,

  • $%%7 $%% , D E *

  , $%% J + /

  $%%5 ,

  ' *

  75 6 . 9 @

  1 $%%8

  3 I(8 I588 !* G G G G

  3 G G

  3 3 3 - )

  ,

  • , 1 *

  : , * ,

  ,

  • @ : 5887 ,
    • "

  3 !* 588$) 5887 * , :

  , . 9 @ !58$8) $%%% 588'

  • I $%

  7 ( *

  • = / = * ,

  = ! = ) K 3 = 588( , = 4 /

  $%%% 588' , I$ ( I$$ = ! = )

  . = = "

  , I$ 5 $%%% 588' * K

  3 , B $%%7 I$88

  , = * I(8

  • = / *

  < 588' -

  • 4 I58 5 '8 888 0

  , , 4 *

  1 *

  • , : , ,

  : ,

  7' , *

  • , ,

  , "

  : 5887 *

  • , 1 *

  1 *

  • , / ,
  • ,

  ,

  • , D E ,

  ,

  • D E , B , B *

  :

  7(

  • 2 = -

  4 %" 5 " * $

  < # / 1 * *

    • "

  3 .

  .

  $%&%

  • $%%5 - " = ,

  3 " *

  • / $%% $%%(
    • $%%% 7 35 $%%7 > $%% " .

  3 > 5888

  77

  • " 3. /

  78

  3 " !$%% )

  ; 4 * :

  "

  2 $%% " 3.

  3 , > $ 5888 ! . $%% )

  • , *
  • #

  1 1 ; A 1 < * " * $%% 3 " !$%% ) D ,

  E * ,

  • L(

  7 " -

  " ,

  "

  " - < " !$%% ) .

  1 $8

  • M

  "

  3 : * *

  2 :

  7&

  1

  • 1 !$%%()

  , $%%( "

  =

  • =

  "

  / 4 *

  7% <

  • ( ( 8 $% ! "$

  = ,

  " - .

  1 K :

  #

  3

  1 , 3 4

  3 C I( !" $%%&) "

  • ,

  = * , ,

  • 6

  8 7' 888 , K 3 %8 N , , ! " $%%&)

  , - $%%7 $( ,

  3

  • 6 " ( " ! "

  / ,

  , @ @ , , . ,

  D E @ -

  4

  • , ,

  I( ; ,

  : ,

  • ,

  $ ,

  , * ,

  ,

  • ,

  , : 1 *

  • 1 *
  • $88 *

  , !$%% ) -

  • . ,
    • ,
    • , *

  = , " !$%% ) -

  , +

  5 , ; - +

  A G G

  1 ,

  , *

  • 1
  • , # / - .

  :

  3 ,

  :

  • > ; > +
    • , @
      • ,

  :

  • 1

  / * /

  • /

  "

  #

  $ . " % $

  • ,
  • ,

  • #

  1 - * : /

  /

  • 66L; 037' $%%& -6637' , -66

  !-

  6 6 ) ,

  • ; !; 0)

  ; 0

  • ; 0 -
    • F /

  , *

  • "

  ' ;

  /

  • 66 7' * $ * , $%%%

  3 3 -"C B 5 * , -"C B 588

  3 ,

  : -" * B 5887

  3 ' * ,

  3 ! ) -"

  3

  3 ! )

  L ( * , 1 5887

  ,

  3 3 ! < $%%&)

  • 66 7' , /
    • " # !$%&%) D -

  ( E ! '(5)

  2

  0 A

  • !$%%&)
    • ! $&) *

  2 /

  : /

  !$%(5) - /

  ! '(&) 2 -6637' 6 -66

  • . = D -

  E

  • 66 7'
    • , * :

  1

  1 , * *

  : , *

  7 /

  • , < ,

  : 5887 588$ *

  , :

  • ,
  • / +

  , 1 * , + .

  • A @ /

  , * ,

  • , , /

  , / !$%%7)

  " #

  /

  • ,

  D E ,

  • 66L; 0 7'

  / , - /

  • / -66L; 037'
  • ; 0 *

  4

  :

  1

  • 66L; 0 7'

  ! " # $ %

  $ !

  ! %

  ! # $ & $ # % ! ! %

  " $ ! $ !

  " $ !

  # ' ! # ! !

  % $ ( " % %

  ) " $

  ! ! ! % #

  $ % $

  " $ ! + * !

  ' ! , !

  !

  • " $ #--.( $ /0
    • % ( $

  " $ ( $ /0 !

  ! %

  %

  1 %

  ! 2

  3 "

  ! ! ! 4 #

  ' % !!

  '! ! !

  ! !

  , '! 4 #