T PD 1302187 Table of content
DAFTAR ISI
Abstrak ...............................................................................................................
i
Kata Pengantar ...................................................................................................
iii
Ucapan Terima Kasih .........................................................................................
iv
Daftar Isi .............................................................................................................
vi
Daftar Tabel .......................................................................................................
viii
Daftar Gambar ....................................................................................................
ix
Daftar Lampiran .................................................................................................
x
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Penelitian...................................................................
1
B. Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................
7
C. Tujuan Penelitian ..............................................................................
8
D. Manfaat Penelitian .............................................................................
8
E. Stuktur Organisasi Tesis ....................................................................
8
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA
A. Pembelajaran IPS di SD ....................................................................
10
B. Keterampilan Bertanya ......................................................................
14
C. Pertanyaan dalam Pembelajaran ........................................................
18
D. Jenis Pertanyaan Guru .......................................................................
24
E. Srategi-Strategi Bertanya ...................................................................
42
F. Hasil Penelitian Terdahulu ................................................................
48
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
A. Desain Penelitian ..............................................................................
50
B. Tempat dan Partisipan Penelitian .....................................................
50
C. Penjelas Istilah ...................................................................................
51
D. Instrumen Penelitian ..........................................................................
52
E. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ................................................................
52
F. Teknik Analisis Data .........................................................................
53
G. Keabsahan Data .................................................................................
55
Mela Darmayanti, 2015
ANALISIS PERTANYAAN DAN STRATEGI BERTANYA GURU DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPS DI
SEKOLAH DASAR
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
H. Prosedur Penelitian ............................................................................
56
BAB IV TEMUAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Pertanyaan Guru pada kegiatan Pembelajaran IPS
1. Temuan .......................................................................................
57
2. Pembahasan ...............................................................................
72
B. Pertanyaan Guru dalam Evaluasi Pembelajaran IPS
1. Temuan .......................................................................................
88
2. Pembahasan ...............................................................................
90
C. Strategi Bertanya yang Digunakan Guru pada Kegiatan
Pembelajaran IPS
1. Temuan .................................................................................
92
2. Pembahasan ..........................................................................
106
BAB IV SIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI
A. Simpulan ...........................................................................................
115
B. Rekomendasi .....................................................................................
115
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................
117
vii
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1
Taksonomi Kognitif Bloom ..........................................................
26
Tabel 3.1
Kriteria Pertanyaan Guru .............................................................
54
Tabel 3.2
Keterangan Kode Pertanyaan dan Hasil Wawancara ...................
54
Tabel 4.1
Pertanyaan Kognitif dan Afektif Setiap Guru ..............................
58
Tabel 4.2
Pertanyaan Aspek Kognitif ..........................................................
59
Tabel 4.3
Kategori Pertanyaan Aspek Kognitif ...........................................
60
Tabel 4.4
Pertanyaan Aspek Afektif ..............................................................
69
Tabel 4.5
Contoh Pertanyaan Menjelaskan ...................................................
79
Tabel 4.6
Contoh Kombinasi Pertanyaan Tingkat Rendah dan Pertanyaan
Tingkat Tinggi ..................................................................................
83
Tabel 4.7
Contoh Kombinasi Pertanyaan Aspek Kognitif dan Afektif .........
87
Tabel 4.8
Pertanyaan Aspek Kognitif dalam Evaluasi .................................
89
Tabel 4.9
Contoh Pertanyaan Aspek Kognitif dalam Evaluasi .......................
90
Tabel 4.10
Contoh Pola Strategi Redirection .................................................
93
Tabel 4.11
Perasaan Siswa Ketika Diberikan Pertanyaan .............................
96
Tabel 4.12
Contoh Promting ..........................................................................
99
Tabel 4.13
Pola Strategi Redirection .............................................................
106
viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1
Langkah Memberikan Pertanyaan .............................................
21
Gambar 4.1
Hasil Siswa Menyimpulkan ......................................................
76
Gambar 4.2
Jawaban Siswa Seletah Promting ..............................................
100
Gambar 4.3
Jawaban Siswa Seletah Probing .................................................
102
Gambar 4.4
Jawaban Siswa Seletah Probing .................................................
102
Gambar 4.5
Jawaban Siswa Seletah Probing .................................................
102
ix
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran A Hasil Penelitian
A.1 Hasil Observasi .................................................................................
122
A.2 Hasil Wawancara Guru .....................................................................
165
A.3 Hasil Wawancara Guru Setiap Aspek ...............................................
173
A.4 Hasil Wawancara Siswa ...................................................................
177
A.5 Reduksi Hasil Wawancara Siswa ......................................................
186
Lampiran B Hasil Analisis
B.1 Hasil Analisis Pertanyaan dalam Kegiatan Pembelajaran ................
192
B.2 Hasil Analisis Pertanyaan dalam Evaluasi Pembelajaran ..................
216
B.3 Hasil Analisis Strategi Bertanya ........................................................
222
Lapiran C Instrumen
C.1 Observation Fieldnotes .....................................................................
243
C.2 Pedoman Wawancara Guru ...............................................................
144
C.3 Pedoman Wawancara Siswa .............................................................
245
Lampiran D Administrasi Penelitian (Surat Penelitian)
D.1 SK Pembimbing ................................................................................
246
D.2 Surat Izin Penelitian ..........................................................................
248
D.3 Surat Keterangan Melaksanakan Penelitian ......................................
249
Lampiran E Dokumentasi Penelitian ..................................................................
253
x
Abstrak ...............................................................................................................
i
Kata Pengantar ...................................................................................................
iii
Ucapan Terima Kasih .........................................................................................
iv
Daftar Isi .............................................................................................................
vi
Daftar Tabel .......................................................................................................
viii
Daftar Gambar ....................................................................................................
ix
Daftar Lampiran .................................................................................................
x
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Penelitian...................................................................
1
B. Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................
7
C. Tujuan Penelitian ..............................................................................
8
D. Manfaat Penelitian .............................................................................
8
E. Stuktur Organisasi Tesis ....................................................................
8
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA
A. Pembelajaran IPS di SD ....................................................................
10
B. Keterampilan Bertanya ......................................................................
14
C. Pertanyaan dalam Pembelajaran ........................................................
18
D. Jenis Pertanyaan Guru .......................................................................
24
E. Srategi-Strategi Bertanya ...................................................................
42
F. Hasil Penelitian Terdahulu ................................................................
48
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
A. Desain Penelitian ..............................................................................
50
B. Tempat dan Partisipan Penelitian .....................................................
50
C. Penjelas Istilah ...................................................................................
51
D. Instrumen Penelitian ..........................................................................
52
E. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ................................................................
52
F. Teknik Analisis Data .........................................................................
53
G. Keabsahan Data .................................................................................
55
Mela Darmayanti, 2015
ANALISIS PERTANYAAN DAN STRATEGI BERTANYA GURU DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPS DI
SEKOLAH DASAR
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
H. Prosedur Penelitian ............................................................................
56
BAB IV TEMUAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Pertanyaan Guru pada kegiatan Pembelajaran IPS
1. Temuan .......................................................................................
57
2. Pembahasan ...............................................................................
72
B. Pertanyaan Guru dalam Evaluasi Pembelajaran IPS
1. Temuan .......................................................................................
88
2. Pembahasan ...............................................................................
90
C. Strategi Bertanya yang Digunakan Guru pada Kegiatan
Pembelajaran IPS
1. Temuan .................................................................................
92
2. Pembahasan ..........................................................................
106
BAB IV SIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI
A. Simpulan ...........................................................................................
115
B. Rekomendasi .....................................................................................
115
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................
117
vii
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1
Taksonomi Kognitif Bloom ..........................................................
26
Tabel 3.1
Kriteria Pertanyaan Guru .............................................................
54
Tabel 3.2
Keterangan Kode Pertanyaan dan Hasil Wawancara ...................
54
Tabel 4.1
Pertanyaan Kognitif dan Afektif Setiap Guru ..............................
58
Tabel 4.2
Pertanyaan Aspek Kognitif ..........................................................
59
Tabel 4.3
Kategori Pertanyaan Aspek Kognitif ...........................................
60
Tabel 4.4
Pertanyaan Aspek Afektif ..............................................................
69
Tabel 4.5
Contoh Pertanyaan Menjelaskan ...................................................
79
Tabel 4.6
Contoh Kombinasi Pertanyaan Tingkat Rendah dan Pertanyaan
Tingkat Tinggi ..................................................................................
83
Tabel 4.7
Contoh Kombinasi Pertanyaan Aspek Kognitif dan Afektif .........
87
Tabel 4.8
Pertanyaan Aspek Kognitif dalam Evaluasi .................................
89
Tabel 4.9
Contoh Pertanyaan Aspek Kognitif dalam Evaluasi .......................
90
Tabel 4.10
Contoh Pola Strategi Redirection .................................................
93
Tabel 4.11
Perasaan Siswa Ketika Diberikan Pertanyaan .............................
96
Tabel 4.12
Contoh Promting ..........................................................................
99
Tabel 4.13
Pola Strategi Redirection .............................................................
106
viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1
Langkah Memberikan Pertanyaan .............................................
21
Gambar 4.1
Hasil Siswa Menyimpulkan ......................................................
76
Gambar 4.2
Jawaban Siswa Seletah Promting ..............................................
100
Gambar 4.3
Jawaban Siswa Seletah Probing .................................................
102
Gambar 4.4
Jawaban Siswa Seletah Probing .................................................
102
Gambar 4.5
Jawaban Siswa Seletah Probing .................................................
102
ix
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran A Hasil Penelitian
A.1 Hasil Observasi .................................................................................
122
A.2 Hasil Wawancara Guru .....................................................................
165
A.3 Hasil Wawancara Guru Setiap Aspek ...............................................
173
A.4 Hasil Wawancara Siswa ...................................................................
177
A.5 Reduksi Hasil Wawancara Siswa ......................................................
186
Lampiran B Hasil Analisis
B.1 Hasil Analisis Pertanyaan dalam Kegiatan Pembelajaran ................
192
B.2 Hasil Analisis Pertanyaan dalam Evaluasi Pembelajaran ..................
216
B.3 Hasil Analisis Strategi Bertanya ........................................................
222
Lapiran C Instrumen
C.1 Observation Fieldnotes .....................................................................
243
C.2 Pedoman Wawancara Guru ...............................................................
144
C.3 Pedoman Wawancara Siswa .............................................................
245
Lampiran D Administrasi Penelitian (Surat Penelitian)
D.1 SK Pembimbing ................................................................................
246
D.2 Surat Izin Penelitian ..........................................................................
248
D.3 Surat Keterangan Melaksanakan Penelitian ......................................
249
Lampiran E Dokumentasi Penelitian ..................................................................
253
x