Translation Techniques Between The Translation Of English Novel Coco Simon’s Cupcake Diaries 2: Mia In The Mix Into Bahasa Indonesia And The Translation Of Indonesian Novel Andrea Hirata’s Laskar Pelangi Into English

  TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES BETWEEN THE TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH NOVEL COCO SIMON’S CUPCAKE DIARIES 2: MIA IN THE

  MIX

   INTO BAHASA INDONESIA AND THE TRANSLATION OF

  INDONESIAN NOVEL ANDREA HIRATA’S LASKAR PELANGI INTO ENGLISH A THESIS BY FATIMAH RIZKI REG. NO. 100705035 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2014

  TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES BETWEEN THE TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH NOVEL COCO SIMON’S CUPCAKE DIARIES 2: MIA IN THE

  MIX

   INTO BAHASA INDONESIA AND THE TRANSLATION OF

  INDONESIAN NOVEL ANDREA HIRATA’S LASKAR PELANGI INTO ENGLISH A THESIS BY FATIMAH RIZKI REG. NO.100705035 SUPERVISOR CO-SUPERVISOR Dr. Roswita Silalahi, Dip. TESOL M. Hum Dra. Roma Ayuni Lubis, MA NIP. 19540528 198303 2 001 NIP. 19680122 199803 2 001 Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from Department of English DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2014

  Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination.

   Head, Secretary, Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, MS Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A. Ph.D. NIP. 19541117 198003 1 002 NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002

  Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan. The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies

  th

  University of Sumatera Utara on Thursday, 17 July 2014 Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, M.A. NIP. 19511013 197603 1 001 Board of Examiners Dr. H. Muhijar Muchtar, M.S ………………………………. Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A. Ph.D ………………………………. Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, SH. MA ………………………………. Dr. Roswita Silalahi, Dip. TESOL M. Hum ………………………………. Dr. Eddy Setia, M. Ed. TESP ……………………………….

  AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I, FATIMAH RIZKI DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNEWLEDGEMENT IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION. Signed:

  st

  Date : July 21 , 2014

  COPYRIGHT DECLARATION NAME : FATIMAH RIZKI TITLE OF THESIS : TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES BETWEEN THE TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH NOVEL COCO SIMON’S CUPCAKE DIARIES 2: MIA IN THE MIX

  INTO BAHASA INDONESIA AND THE TRANSLATION OF INDONESIAN NOVEL ANDREA HIRATA’S LASKAR PELANGI INTO ENGLISH QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA SASTRA DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH

  I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCREATION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATRA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA. Signed:

  st

  Date : July 21 , 2014

  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

  Bismillahirrohmanirrohim, Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin, I would like to thank and praise Allah SWT for

giving me everything I need especially to finish this thesis in order to get the degree

of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies

University of Sumatera Utara.

  I would like to thank the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, Dr. Syahron Lubis,

M.A., the Head of English Department, Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, MS., and the

secretary of English Department, Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A. Ph.D. I also would

like to thank my supervisor, Dr. Roswita Silalahi, Dip. TESOL M. Hum and my co-

supervisor Dra. Roma Ayuni Lubis, M.A., my examiners Dr. Eddy Setia, M. Ed.

TESP and Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, SH. MA and also for all my lecturers.

  Special thanks to my family, espescially for my mother, my uncles and my

aunts, for every support for me so I can finish my study in the university. Thanks to

all my friends, espescially Mitha, Sonya, Fani and Ayu and my teachers of life, Kak

Linda, Kak Emma, Kak Putri and Kak Dian for every help and advice for me.

  I have written this thesis with all my limitation of knowledge, time and references but I do hope this thesis will be useful for anyone who read it. st

  Medan, 21 July 2014 Fatimah Rizki

  ABSTRAK

  Skripsi ini menganalisis teknik penerjemahan diantara terjemahan novel

Cupcake Diaries 2: Mia in the Mix oleh Coco Simon ke dalam bahasa Indonesia dan

novel Laskar Pelangi oleh Andrea Hirata ke dalam bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini

merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang analisisnya dilakukan dengan

menggunakan strategi deskriptif kualitatif. Data untuk analisis ini adalah: pertama,

semua kata dan kalimat dalam bab pertama dan kedua dari novel Cupcake Diaries 2:

Mia in the Mix, kedua, semua kata dan kalimat dalam bab pertama dan kedua

terjemahan novel tersebut dalam bahasa Indonesia, Cupcake Diaries 2: Mia dan

Cupcake Galau , ketiga, semua kata dan kalimat dalam bab pertama dan kedua novel

Laskar Pelangi , dan keempat, semua kata dan kalimat dalam bab pertama dan kedua

terjemahan novel tersebut dalam bahasa Inggris, The Rainbow Troops. Dari hasil

penelitian, ditemukan bahwa pada terjemahan novel bahasa Inggris Cupcake Diaries

  

yang paling dominan adalah kesepadanan lazim (28.51%) dan diikuti kompresi

linguistik (21.93%), penerjemahan harfiah (21.05%), peminjaman (11.18%),

modulasi (5.04%), amplifikasi linguistik (4.17%) transposisi (3.73%), kompensasi

(3.07%), generalisasi dan reduksi (0.44%) dan amplifikasi dan deskripsi (0.22%).

Adaptasi, calque, kreasi diskursif, partikularisasi, substitusi dan variasi tidak

diaplikasikan ke dalam terjemahan ini. Pada terjemahan novel Indonesia Laskar

Pelangi ke dalam bahasa Inggris, teknik pernerjemahan yang paling dominan adalah

kesepadanan lazim dan amplifikasi linguistik (20.23%) dan diikuti dengan

amplifikasi (12.60%), kompresi linguistik (10.69%), peminjaman (9.92%),

penerjemahan harfiah dan modulasi (5.73%), kompensasi (4.96%), reduksi (3.44%),

transposisi (3.05%), kreasi diskursif (1.15%), deskripsi dan generalisasi (0.76%) dan

calque dan partikularisasi (0.38%). Adaptasi, substitusi dan variasi tidak

diaplikasikan ke dalam terjemahan ini. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa dalam

terjemahan novel Cupcake Diaries 2: Mia in the Mix ke dalam bahasa Indonesia,

penerjemah cenderung menerjemahkan novel tersebut secara harfiah. Persentase

penerjemahan harfiah adalah 21.05% dan angka tersebut jauh lebih tinggi dari

persentase penerjemahan harfiah dalam terjemahan Laskar Pelangi ke dalam bahasa

Inggris. Dalam terjemahan Laskar Pelangi ke dalam bahasa Inggris, penerjemah

cenderung lebih kreatif. Penerjemah mengaplikasikan teknik-teknik penerjemahan

yang lebih bervariasi daripada penerjemah novel Cupcake Diaries 2: Mia in the Mix

dan mengaplikasikan teknik kreasi diskursif juga menambah beberapa kalimat ke

dalam terjemahannya.

  ABSTRACT

  This thesis analyzes the translation techniques between the translation of English

novel Coco Simon’s Cupcake Diaries 2: Mia in the Mix into bahasa Indonesia and

Indonesian novel Andea Hirata’s Laskar Pelangi into English. This research is

descriptive qualitative research so the analysis is done with qualitative descriptive

strategy. The data for this analysis are first, every word and sentence in chapter 1 and

  

chapter 2 of novel Cupcake Diaries 2: Mia in the Mix, second, every word and

sentence in chapter 1 and chapter 2 of the Indonesian translation of the novel,

Cupcake Diaries 2: Mia dan Cupcake Galau , third, word and sentence in chapter 1

and chapter 2 of novel Laskar Pelangi and fourth, every word and sentence in

chapter 1 and chapter 2 of the English translation of the novel, The Rainbow Troops.

From the analysis, it is found that in the translation of English novel Coco Simon’s

Cupcake Diaries 2: Mia in the Mix into bahasa Indonesia, the most dominant

technique applied is established equivalent (28.51%) and followed by linguistic

compression (21.93%), literal translation (21.05%), borrowing (11.18%), modulation

(5.04%), linguistic amplification (4.17%) transposition (3.73%), compensation

(3.07%), generalization and reduction (0.44%) and amplification and description

(0.22%). Adaptation, calque, discursive creation, particularization, substitution and

variation aren’t applied. In the translation of Indonesian novel Andea Hirata’s Laskar

Pelangi into English, the most dominant translation technique applied is established

equivalent and linguistic amplification (20.23%) and followed by amplification

(12.60%), linguistic compression (10.69%), borrowing (9.92%), literal translation

and modulation (5.73%), compensation (4.96%), reduction (3.44%), transposition

(3.05%), discursive creation (1.15%), description and generalization (0.76%) and

calque and particularization (0.38%). Adaptation, substitution and variation aren’t

applied. The writer concludes that in the translation of Cupcake Diaries 2: Mia in the

Mix into bahasa Indonesia, the translator tends to translate the novel literally. The

percentage of literal translation is 20.05% and it is so much higher than the

percentage of literal translation in the translation of Laskar Pelangi into English. In

the translation of Laskar Pelangi into English, the translator tends to be creative. She

applies more various translation techniques than the translator of Cupcake Diaries 2:

Mia in the Mix into bahasa Indonesia and applied discursive creation and also adds

some sentences to the translation.

  TABLE OF CONTENTS AUTHOR’S DECLARATION .......................................................................... i COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ....................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................... iii ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................... iv ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................... v TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................... vi

  CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION .................................................................. 1 1.1. Background of the Study ........................................................ 1 1.2. Problem of the Study .............................................................. 5 1.3. Objective of the Study ............................................................ 5 1.4. Scope of the Study................................................................... 5 1.5. Significance of the Study ........................................................ 6 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE ................................................ 7

  2.1 Definition of Translation ........................................................ 7

  2.2 Translation Process ................................................................ 8

  2.3 Translation Techniques .......................................................... 9

  2.4 Couplets .................................................................................. 12

  2.5 Translation Techniques As Tool For Analysis....................... 12

  2.6 Related Studies ....................................................................... 13

  CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH ................................................... 14

  3.1 Research Design ...................................................................... 14

  3.2 Data and Sources of Data ....................................................... 14

  3.3 Data Collection Procedures .................................................... 15

  3.4 Steps of the research ............................................................... 16

  3.5 Data Analysis .......................................................................... 17

  CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDING ................................................... 18

  4.1 Analysis ................................................................................... 18

  4.1.1 The Translation Techniques in the Translation of English Novel into Bahasa Indonesia (MTM – MCG) ........................................................................... 18

  4.1.1.1 Amplification ................................................. 18

  4.1.1.2 Borrowing ...................................................... 18

  4.1.1.3 Compensation ................................................ 19

  4.1.1.4 Description ..................................................... 20

  4.1.1.5 Established Equivalent .................................. 20

  4.1.1.6 Generalization ................................................ 21

  4.1.1.7 Linguistic Amplification ................................ 22

  4.1.1.8 Linguistic Compression ................................. 23

  4.1.1.9 Literal Translation ........................................ 24

  4.1.1.10 Modulation ..................................................... 24

  4.1.1.11 Reduction ....................................................... 25

  4.1.1.12 Transposition ................................................. 26

  4.1.2 The Translation Techniques in the Translation of Indonesian novel into English (LP – TRT) ................. 28

  4.1.2.1 Amplification ................................................. 28

  4.1.2.2 Borrowing ...................................................... 29

  4.1.2.3 Calque ............................................................ 30

  4.1.2.4 Compensation ................................................ 30

  4.1.2.5 Description ..................................................... 31

  4.1.2.6 Discursive Creation ....................................... 32

  4.1.2.7 Established Equivalent .................................. 33

  4.1.2.8 Generalization ................................................ 34

  4.1.2.9 Linguistic Amplification ................................ 35

  4.1.2.10 Linguistic Compression ................................. 36

  4.1.2.11 Literal Translation ........................................ 37

  4.1.2.12 Modulation ..................................................... 37

  4.1.2.13 Particularization ............................................ 38

  4.1.2.14 Reduction ....................................................... 38

  4.1.2.15 Transposition ................................................. 89

  4.2 Findings ................................................................................... 40

  CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ............................... 47

  5.1 Conclusions ............................................................................. 47

  5.2 Suggestions ............................................................................. 50 REFERENCES .................................................................................................. 51 APPENDIX 1: ENGLISH – BAHASA INDONESIA (MTM – MCG) APPENDIX 2: BAHASA INDONESIA – ENGLISH (LP – TRT)