A TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF LINGUISTIC POLITENESS MARKERS IN IRON MAN
A TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF LINGUISTIC
POLITENESS MARKERS IN IRON MAN
THESIS
Submitted to Meet a Part of the Requirements for Sarjana Sastra Degree from
English Department Faculty of Cultural Sciences
Sebelas Maret University
By:
ARIEF RAMADHANI
C0311005
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
SURAKARTA
2016
THESIS APPORVAL
A TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF LINGUISTIC
POLITENESS MARKERS
IN IRON MAN
By: ARIEF RAMADHANI C0311005
Approved to be examined before the Board Examiners Faculty of Cultural Sciences
Sebelas Maret University Thesis Consultant
Prof. Drs. M.R. Nababan, M.Ed., M.A., Ph.D
NIP. 19630328 199201 1 001 Head of English Department
Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M.A., Ph.D.
NIP. 19670830 199303 1 001
A TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF LINGUISTIC
POLITENESS MARKERS
IN IRON MAN
By: ARIEF RAMADHANI C0311005
Accepted and Approved by the Board of Examiners of Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University
Position Name Signature Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M.A., Ph.D.
NIP. 197608301993031001 Chairperson
(………………….) Nur Saptaningsih, S,Hum., M.Hum. Secretary
NIK. 1985020320161001 (………………….) Prof. Drs. M.R. Nababan, M.Ed., M.A., Ph.D.
First Examiner NIP. 196303281992011001
(………………….) Ardianna Nuraeni, S.S., M.Hum. Second
NIP. 198209272008122001 Examiner
(………………….)
PRONOUNCEMENT
Name : Arief Ramadhani Nim : C0311005 Stated whole-heartedly that this thesis entitled A Translation Analysis of Linguistic
Politeness Marker in IronMan is originally made by the researcher. It is neither a
plagiarism, nor made by others. The thing related to other people’s works are written in quotation and included within bibliography.
If it is proven that the researcher cheated, the researcher is ready to take the responsibility.
Surakarta, The Researcher
Arief Ramadhani
MOTTO
“This life is like a Visual Novel. You trigger an event, collect the quest
flags, and wait for the Ending of your decision. So, take the
responsibilities of the result ahead.”
~Anonymous
DEDICATION
I dedicated this thesis to: My beloved Parents All persons who involved in conducting the research My beloved person
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamin, all praises to Allah SWT and peace upon Hischosen faithful men and women. Finally I can finish this thesis as a partial fulfillment of recruitment of the Sarjana Degree. Many parties involved during finishing this thesis. Their helps, supports, knowledge, and encouragements were very important to me. Without their contribution, my thesis would never be completed.
In this occasion, I would like to say my deepest gratitude to: 1.
Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala who has been strengthening my will and giving me a chance to finish my thesis . He knows what’s best and He will do what’s right.
2. The Dean of the Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Prof. Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed., Ph.D., for approving this thesis.
3. The Head of English department, Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M.A., Ph.D. for his guidance and approving this thesis.
4. My thesis consultant, Prof. Drs. M.R. Nababan, M.Ed., M.A., Ph.D. for his guidance, support, and advices. Thank you for always spare your time to help me on writing my thesis. I would like to give my deepest thanks for always giving me a support and better knowledge to finish this thesis.
5. Dra. Endang Sri Astuti, M.S., as my academic supervisor for her assistance during my study. Thank you very much for always giving me advices for my better study.
6. All the lecturers in English Department UNS, thank you very much for every knowledge that you taught to me.
7. All the staffs of Faculty of Cultural Sciences, thank you for helping me with the administration stuffs and other things.
8. The Raters, Prof. Drs. M.R. Nababan, M.Ed., M.A., Ph.D., who willingly helped me as a rater for my data.
9. My parents, Bapak and Ibu, your praying and supports are very meaningful for me. I am sorry for being late to finish my thesis and thank you for raising me with patient despite I am being a lazy person.
10. My beloved girl, Edhelwys Dyas Raesta, I am sorry for being stubborn and temperament, yet you still stayed by my side all the time. Thank you very much, I love you.
11. My friends, Arsyad, Erik, Tifanny, and the others from ED 2011, thank you with you and I’m so grateful for being your friend. May Allah always bless us.
Arief Ramadhani
TABLE OF CONTENT
APPROVAL OF THE THESIS SUPERVISOR ………………………….. ii
APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS ………………………. iii
PRONOUNCEMENT …………………………………………………….. iv
MOTTO …………………………………………………………………… v
DEDICATION …………………………………………………………….. vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ………………………………………………… vii
TABLE OF CONCENT …………………………………………………... ix
LIST OF TABLES ………………………………………………………… xiii
LIST OF FIGURES ……………………………………………………….. xiv
ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………. xv
CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION ……………………………………. 1 1.1.
Background ……………………………………………………. 1 1.1. Research Limitation …………………………………………... 8 1.2. Problem Statements ………………………………………….. 8 1.3. Research Objectives ………………………………………….. 9 1.4. Research Benefits ……………………………………………… 9
……………………………… 11
2.1. Definition of Translation ……………………………………… 11
2.2. Problem In Translation …………………………………………. 12
2.3. Translation Technique …………………………………………. 14
2.4. Translation Quality ……………………………………………. 20
2.4.1. Accuracy ………………………………………………….. 20
2.4.2. Acceptability ……………………………………………… 21
2.4.3. Readability …………………………………………………. 21
2.5. Definition of Pragmatic ………………………………………... 22
2.6. Definition of Politeness ………………………………………... 23
2.6.1. Definition of Politeness Marker …………………………… 27
2.7. Iron-Man Films ………………………………………………… 39
2.8. Relevant Research ……………………………………………… 40
CHAPTER 3 : RESEARCH METHODOLOGY …………………….. 44
3.1. Type of Research ……………………………………………….. 44
3.2. Data and Source of Data ……………………………………….. 46
3.2.1. Document ………………………………………………… 46
3.2.2. Informants ………………………………………………… 46
3.3. Sampling Technique ……………………………………………. 47
3.4. Method And Data Collection …………………………………… 48
3.4.1. Content Analysis …………………………………………... 48
3.4.2. Questionnaires Distribution ……………………………….. 48
3.4.3. Interview …………………………………………………... 51
3.5. Technique of Data Analysis …………………………………… 51
3.6. Research Procedure ……………………………………………. 52
CHAPTER 4 : RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ………... 54
4.1. Research Findings ……………………………………………… 54
4.1.1. Translation Technique Analysis …………………………… 55 a.
……………… 56 Translation Analysis with One Technique 1.
Established Equivalent ………………………………….. 58 2. Reduction ………………………………………………. 62 3. Borrowing ………………………………………………. 66 4. Amplification …………………………………………… 68 5. Variation ………………………………………………... 72 b.
…………...... 74 Translation Analysis with Two Techniques 1.
Established Equivalent and Variation …………………. 76 2. Established Equivalent and Borrowing ……………….. 78 3. Established Equivalent and Reduction ……………….. 80 4. Established Equivalent and Amplification ……………. 84
5. Amplification and Variation ……………...........……… 88 6.
………………………… 91 Reduction and Amplification 7.
Borrowing and Amplification ……………………….. 92 8. Reduction and Borrowing ……………………………… 94 9. Variation, and Borrowing …..………………………….. 95 c. Translation Analysis with Three Techniques …………….. 96 1.
Established Equivalent, Variation, and Reduction ........... 98 2. Borrowing, Established Equivalent, and Reduction ......... 102 3.
...................... 105 Amplification, Established Equivalent, and
Borrowing 4. Established Equivalent, Variation, and Borrowing .......... 107 5.
Borrowing, Amplification, and Variation ........................... 110 6.
.......... 111 Borrowing, Established Equivalent, and Discursive
Creation 7.
............................. 112 Established Equivalent, Reduction, and
Amplification d. Translation Analysis with Four Techniques ………………... 114 1.
............... 114 Established Equivalent, Variation, Borrowing, and Reduction
4.1.2. TRANSLATION QUALITY ANALYSIS ………………... 117
4.1.2.1. ACCURACY …………………………………………. 117
a. ........................................................................ 122 Accurate b.
Less-Accurate ................................................................. 127 c. Inaccurate ........................................................................ 133
4.1.2.2. ACCEPTABILITY ………………………………....... 137 a.
Acceptable ..................................................................... 141
b. ............................................................ 146 Less-Acceptable
c. ................................................................. 151 Unacceptable
4.2. DISCUSSION ………………………………………………….. 155
CHAPTER 5 : CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS …………….. 163
5.1. CONCLUSION ………………………………………………… 163
5.2. SUGGESTION ………………………………………………… 167
BIBLIOGRAPHY ……………………………………………………… 171
APPENDICES ………………………………………………………… 174
LIST OF TABLE
Table 4.1 Translation with One Technique56 ………………………
Table 4.2 Translation with Two Techniques74 ………………………
Table 4.3 Translation with Three Techniques96 ………………………
Table 4.4 Translation with Four Techniques……………………… 114
Table 4.5 Accuracy………………………………………………….. 120
Table 4.6 Acceptability……………………………………………….. 139
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3.1 Accuracy…………………………………………………. 49
Figure 3.2 Acceptability………………………………………………. 50
Figure 4.1 Accuracy…………………………………………………. 118
Figure 4.2 Acceptability………………………………………………. 138
ABSTRACT
Arief Ramadhani. 2016. A Translation Analysis of Linguistic Politeness Markers
in Iron Man. Thesis: English Department. Faculty of Cultural Sciences. Sebelas
Maret University.This research focuses on the analysis of the translation techniques and translation qualities of linguistic politeness marker found in Iron Man films. The purposes of the research are (1) to find out the translation techniques used by the translator and (2) to measure the quality of linguistic politeness marker’s translation in terms of accuracy and acceptability. The research applies a Descriptive-qualitative method. This research uses a Purposive sampling technique to collect the data. The data of the research are in the form of words and phrases. The research is done by conducting a content analysis on the source of data and distributing the questionnaires. In the content analysis of Iron Man films, 204 data are collected. The distributed questionnaires consist of closed and open-ended questions. Those are used to collect the data from rater related to translation quality. The data analysis explains: (1) the translator used 6 different translation techniques. They are Established equivalent, Reduction, Borrowing, Amplification, Variation, and Discursive creation; (2) the result of Accuracy Assessment explains, 155 data are accurate, 23 data are less- accurate, and 26 data are inaccurate. Meanwhile, the Acceptable assessment explains, 128 data are acceptable, 51 data are less-acceptable, and 25 data are unacceptable. In conclusion, the translation techniques used by the translator are affecting the translation quality. In translating a foreign politeness marker, the translator should pay attention to Cultural background and language use in the Target Language.
ABSTRAK
Arief Ramadhani. 2016. Analisis Terjemahan Penanda Kesantunan Linguistik
dalam Iron Man. Skripsi: Sastra Inggris. Fakultas Ilmu Budaya. Universitas
Sebelas Maret.Penelitian ini fokus pada analisis teknik penerjemahan dan kualitas pernerjemahan pemarka kesantunan linguistik pada film Iron Man. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mengetahui teknik penerjemahan yang digunakan oleh penerjemah dan (2) menilai kualitas terjemahan dari pemarka kesantunan linguistik dalam hal keakuratan dan keberterimaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik Purposive sampling untuk mengumpulkan data. Dalam pengumpulan data, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan analisis isi dan kuesioner. Dalam analisis isi dari film Iron Man, 204 data telah terkumpul. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang terdiri dari pertanyaan terbuka dan tertutup. Kuisioner ini digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dari rater mengenai kualitas penerjemahan. Pada analisis data menjelaskan: (1) penerjemah menggunakan 6 teknik penerjemahan yang berbeda. Teknik tersebut adalah
established equivalent , reduction, borrowing, amplification, variation, dan discursive
creation ; (2) hasil dari penilaian keakuratan menjelaskan, 155 data termasuk Akurat,
23 data termasuk kurang akurat, dan 26 data termasuk tidak akurat. Di sisi lain, hasil penilaian Keberterimaan menunjukan, 128 data termasuk berterima, 51 data termasuk kurang berterima, dan 25 data termasuk tidak berterima. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terjemahan tersebut. Dalam menerjemahkan permarka kesantunan bahasa asing, penerjemah harus memperhatikan latar belakang budaya dan penggunaan bahasa di bahasa sasaran.