THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RECIPROCAL TECHNIQUE IN TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION (An Experimental Research at the Seventh Grade Students of SMP Negeri 1 Karanglewas in Academic Year 20112012)

  

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RECIPROCAL TECHNIQUE IN TEACHING

READING COMPREHENSION

(An Experimental Research at the Seventh Grade Students of SMP Negeri 1

Karanglewas in Academic Year 2011/2012)

  

A THESIS

Submitted to the English Department as a Partial Fulfillment of

the Requirement for S.Pd Degree

  

By:

  

ITSNI KHAIRUNNISA

0801050034

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF PURWOKERTO

  

2012

  i iii

  

DEDICATION

From the deepest and purest my heart, I would like to present this

creation to:

   My beloved Almh. Mom

 My beloved Dad and step Mom who always pray for me and

always give support for everything so that I can stand up like now. Thank you very much for the goodness and love.

  

 My beloved brother and sister (Mas Asep, Reza and Anis).

  Thanks for your support and prayers.

   My big family 

  All of the English lectures in Muhammadiyah University of Purwokerto.

  

 My beloved friends in Wisma Kartini boarding house

especially Fitri, Ratih, Umi, and Rofik who always give me support and happiness.

  

 My beloved friends (Vara, Titis, Mas Ipul alias Saeful

Rohman, Anwar, and Firman). Thank you so much. By knowing you my life become more colorful.

  

 My friends in Class A (2008) of English Department of

Muhammadiyah University of Purwokerto. Thanks for togetherness. It is nice to know you.

  

 All of my friends in Muhammadiyah University of

Purwokerto who can not be mentioned one by one. Thanks for your help and goodness. I love you all so much.

  iv Motto “Be a person who teach, learn, listener or science enthusiast.

  Do not be outside it. Then you will be destroyed”

  (H.R. Baihaqi)

  v

  

ACKNOLEDGEMENT

  Praise is to Allah SWT, the most graceful and merciful, the giver of divine direction and guidance, who gives inspiration and guidance, so that the writer could accomplish the thesis as a partial fulfillment of the requirements of S. Pd degree: The writer is greatly grateful to:

  1. Drs. Joko Purwanto, M.Si, the Dean of Teaching Training and Education Faculty for giving permission to do the research.

  2. Endang Kusrini S.Pd, M. Hum, the Head of English Department who gave the opportunity, agreement, guidance to carry out this thesis.

  3. Arif Hertanto, M.Pd and Listiani, M.Pd as my supervisors who have guided the writer to make correction of the thesis manuscript.

  4. All of the lecturers of English Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty who have given support, suggestion and help.

  5. Usrin, M.Pd, the Headmaster of SMP N 1 Karanglewas, who has given permission to the writer to conduct the Experimental Research.

  6. Slamet Mugiadi, Amd.Pd, the teacher who has helped the writer in collecting the data in this thesis.

  8. The students of VII G Grade and VII H of SMP N 1 Karanglewas who helped the writer in collecting the data.

  Finally, the writer thanks for all people who have given support and suggestion in completing this thesis. The writer hopes that this work can give valuable contributions to all readers particularly those who are interested in teaching and learning English.

  Purwokerto, 26 July 2012 The writer vi

  

ABSTRACT

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RECIPROCAL TECHNIQUE IN TEACHING

READING COMPREHENSION

(An Experimental Research at the Seventh Grade Students of SMP Negeri 1

Karanglewas in Academc Year 2011/2012)

  

BY

  

ITSNI KHAIRUNNISA

0801050034

  The aim of this research was to find out the effectiveness of reciprocal technique in teaching reading comprehension. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 1 Karanglewas in academic year 2011/2012. The experimental research was carried out on February 2012. The total sample of this research was 64 students. The students were divided into two classes, the seventh grades of H and the seventh grades of G. The seventh grades of H was as the experimental class that is taught by reciprocal teaching and the seventh grades of G was as control class that was taught by conventional technique. To get the sample, this research used purposive cluster sampling. In the collecting data, this research used multiple choice test (pre-test and post-test). Pre-test was given before the treatment was done and post-test was given after the treatment was done.

  Based on the result, it was found that reciprocal technique was effective for teaching reading comprehension. It can be seen by the result of t-test; it was 1,982, and the result of t-table at significant level 0,05 with degree of freedom 62 was 1,671. Then, the calculation of t-obtained with t-table was concluded that t- obtained was higher than t-table (1,982>1,671). vii

  

TABLE OF CONTENT

  Page

  TITLE ........................................................................................................ i APPROVAL .............................................................................................. ii LEGALIZATION ..................................................................................... iii DEDICATION ........................................................................................... iv MOTTO ..................................................................................................... v ACKNOLEDGEMENT ............................................................................ vi ABSTRACT ............................................................................................... vii TABLE OF CONTENT ............................................................................ viii LIST OF TABLE ...................................................................................... xi LIST OF FIGURE .................................................................................... xii LIST OF APPENDIX ............................................................................... xiii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ..............................................................

  1 A. The Background of Research ............................................

  1 B. The Reasons of Choosing Topic .......................................

  3 C. The Problem of Research ..................................................

  4 D. The Aim of the Research...................................................

  4 E. The Scope of Problem .......................................................

  4 F. The Clarification of Key Terms ........................................

  5 G. The Contribution of Research ...........................................

  6 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................

  7 A. Reading Comprehension ...................................................

  7 1. The Definition of Reading Comprehension ..............

  7 2. The Role of Reading ..................................................

  8 3. The Aims of Reading Comprehension .......................

  9 viii

  4. The Components of Reading Comprehension ...........

  10 5. The Reading Process .................................................

  12

  6. The Aims of Teaching Reading Comprehension in Junior High School................................................................

  13 7. Descriptive Text .........................................................

  14 B. Reciprocal Teaching Technique ........................................

  15 1. The Nature of Reciprocal Teaching Technique .........

  15 2. The Principles of Reciprocal Teaching .....................

  16 3. The Goals of Reciprocal Teaching .............................

  17 4. The Main Components of Reciprocal Teaching ........

  17

  5. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Reciprocal Teaching ....................................................................................

  18

  6. Reading Comprehension Strategies in Reciprocal Teaching ……………………………………………………….. 20

  7. Teaching Reading Comprehension Using Reciprocal Technique………………………………… ............... 21 8. The Assessment of Reciprocal Teaching ...................

  23 C. Research Work on Reciprocal Teaching ...........................

  24 D. Basic Assumption .............................................................

  26 E. Hypothesis .........................................................................

  26 CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ..................................

  27 A. The Method of Research ...................................................

  27 ix

  B. Place and Time of Research ..............................................

  28 C. The Sample of Research....................................................

  28 D. The Technique of Collecting Data ....................................

  29 E. The Technique of Analyzing Instrument ..........................

  30 F. The Technique of Analyzing Data ....................................

  36 CHAPTER IV RESULT AND DISSCUSSION .....................................

  39 A. Result ................................................................................

  39 B. Disscussion ........................................................................

  48 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................

  51 A. Conclusion ........................................................................ 51 B. Suggestion .........................................................................

  53 REFERENCES

  APPENDICES

  x

  

LIST OF TABLE

Table 1 The Schedule of the Research .....................................................

  28 Table 2 The Item Difficulty in Post-test ..................................................

  36 Table 3 The Percentage of Students‟ Score in Pre-Test (Experimental Class) ..................................................................

  39 Table 4 The Percentage of Students‟ Score in Post-Test (Experimental Class) ..................................................................

  41 Table 5 The Percentage of Students‟ Score in Pre-Test (Control Class) ............................................................................

  42 Table 6

The Percentage of Students‟ Score in Post-Test (Control Class) ...........................................................................

  43 xi

  

LIST OF FIGURE

Figure 1 The Comparison of Pre-Test Result ..........................................

  45 Figure 2 The Comparison of Post-Test Result .........................................

  46 xii