GENDERS LANGUAGE STYLE IN FACEBOOK STATUS.
jr;·ii
•I(
PERPUSTAKAAN
·.
_,
GENDER'S LANGUAGE S1YLE
IN FACEBOOK STATUS
A Thesis
Submitted to English Applied Linguistucs Study Program
In Patrial Fulfillment for the Degree of Magister Humaniora
By:
ALFINA GUSTIANY
Registration Number: 809111024
ENGUSH APPUED UNGUISfiCS STUDY PROGRAM
POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
MEDAN
2012
i CL l:R\l.lil
-r:,. . .•
~r\
-
PEt.ERell
NO \NOUi\
L :..: , .
'
\'!.( oo8(,
l
jr;·ii
•I(
PERPUSTAKAAN
·.
_,
GENDER'S LANGUAGE S1YLE
IN FACEBOOK STATUS
A Thesis
Submitted to English Applied Linguistucs Study Program
In Patrial Fulfillment for the Degree of Magister Humaniora
By:
ALFINA GUSTIANY
Registration Number: 809111024
ENGUSH APPUED UNGUISfiCS STUDY PROGRAM
POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
MEDAN
2012
i CL l:R\l.lil
-r:,. . .•
~r\
-
PEt.ERell
NO \NOUi\
L :..: , .
'
\'!.( oo8(,
l
A TilE I
GENU£R'S LANGUAGE STYLE IN FACEBOOK STATUS
By
ALI•'INA GUSTI ANY
Regis tration Number: 809111024
English Applied Un::uistics Study l'rogram
Postgraduate School S tate Unive..,iry of Medan
This thesis " as •"•mined on 1\hlrch 8", 2012
Appro•·ed b}:
;\dvilier Comi,~un
SccmHI Adviser
Prof. Amrin Sara ih i\1. A Ph.D.
Nil'. 19550113 198203 I 002
Oirt~
The
Sehoul
~
o~stgraduc
/
l'•·ol'. Dr. Helferik M'mullan
NIP. 19471015 197412 I 00 1
AI'PROVAL
This rhesi> wos examined on March s••· 20 12 by rhe llourd of Examiners
Board of Exa miners:
I.
Dr. Sri Minda lllurni. M.S.
'II'. 19630525198803 2 016
2. l'ror. A onrin Sarugih. 1\l.A., Ph.D.
N IP. 19550113 198203 J 002
3. l'o·of. Tinu Ma ria ny Arifin. M.A., Ph .D.
N IP. 19440302 196902 2 001
~ .
Prof. llr. Berlin Sibarani.IIJ.I'd.
'II'. 195706 15 198203 I 005
5. Dr. Anni Holila Pulungan. M.Hum.
N IP. 19700522 200 1 ll 2 001
ABST RACT
Gust iaoy, 2012. Geuder's Laaguage Style irr Facebook Status. A Thesis,
English Applied Linguistics Study Program, The Postgraduate Program of State
University ofMedan. Adviwrs: ( 1) Dr. Sri Minda Mumi, M.S., (II) Prof. Amrin
Sarngih, M.A., Ph. D .
This study addresses language sty le. different ways of communicating, and the
purposes of commwlication of male and female in Facebook status. The
objectives of the study are: a) tO find out the dominant type of language style
used by male and female; b) to describe the way of communicating between
male and female; and c) to describe the purposes ofconununication of male and
female in Facebook status. The data were obtained from 33 m ales' s tatuses and
33 females' s tatuses in December 2011. The data \vere analyzed based on three
theory, first is three language style according to Joos (1967), they are formal
style, consultative style and casual style; second is the difference ways of
commwlicati ng between male and female according to Tannen (1992), they are
advice versus understanding, information versus feeling, and conflict versus
compromise; th ird is the purposes of FB communication according to Patrick
(2010), they arc entertainment, integration into communiry, relationship
maintenance, and identity construction. The findings show that: a) the dominant
style used by both male and female in Facebook status are consultative style; b)
Males use advice (39.4 %) more than females (24.2 %) and females use feeling
(51.5 %) more than males (36.5 %); c) The reasons of communication of male
a nd female in Foccbook starus ore: identity construction, giving information,
prayi ng, feeling, and giving advice.
·.
vi
ABST RAK
Gustiany, 2012. Geuder's Lauguage Style iu Facebook Status. A Thesis,
Program Studi 1-inguistik Terapan Bahasa lnggris, Sekolah Pascasarjuna
Uni versitas Negcri Mcdan. Pembim bi ng: (1) O r. Sri Minda Murni, M.S., (11)
Prof. Amrin Saragih, M.A., Ph. D.
Penelitian ini menunjukkan gaya bahasa, perbcdaan cara bcrkomunikasi, dan
tujuan komw1ikasi laki-laki dan perempoon di status Facebook. Tujuan
penelitian ini adalah: a) menemukan gaya bahasa dominan yang digunakan lakilaki dan percmpuan; b) menjelaskan earn bcrkomooikasi antara laki-laki dan
percmpuan; dan c) menjelaskan tujuan-tujuan komunikasi laki-laki dan
perempuan da lam status f'acebook. Data didapatkan dari 33 stan.s laid laki dan
33 status perempuan pada Desember 2011. Data yang d ia nalisis berdasarkan
tiga teori. l'c rtama adala h tiga gaya bahasa mcnurut Joos (1 967), yai tu gaya
formal, gaya konsultotif, dan gaya santai; kedua adalah perbcdaan cara
berkomunikasi antara laki-laki dan percmpuan menurut Tannen ( 1992), yaitu
saran la\.\'lln pengertian, informasi lawan perasaan, dan konflik lawan
kompromi; kctiga adalah tujuan-tujuan komunikasi Facebook menurut Patrick
(20 10), yain. hiburan. integrasi kedalam komunitas. pemertahanan hubungan,
dan pembcntukan jati diri. llasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: a) gaya bahasa
dominan yang digunakan oleh laki-laki dan perempuao di status Focebook
adalah gaya konsultatif; b) laki- laki menggunakan saran (39.4 %) lebih banyak
daripada perempuan (24.2 %) dan percrnpuan me nggunakan perasaan (5 1.5 %)
lebih banyak daripada laki - laki (36.5 %); c) Alasan·alasan komunikas i lakilaki dan pcrempua n di s tatus Faceboook adalah: pembangunan jmi diri,
metnberikan inforrnasi, berdoa, menLmjukk.un 1>crusaan, dan memberikan snr:ln.
vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, the writer would like to express he r f.>reatest gratitude to
Allah SWT, the Almighty that has given her the ability, health, and safety until
at last this thesis can be completed.
Her first sincerest gratitude goes to her parents; A. Darwin Siregar, S.E
and Prof. Or. Sri M.ilfaycuy, S.Psi., M.S., Kons. and her brother Faisbal Amri ,
who never stopped s uppOrting her. Their love always gu ide her through her life,
a nd may God, Allah SWT protect them always.
She would like
10
record her gratefully ackno wledge to her advisors
Dr. Sri Mi nda Mumi, M.S and Prof. Atnrin Sarogin, M.A ., Ph .D. for the ir
supervision, advice, and guidance from the very early stage of this research as
well as giving her extraordinary experiences throughout the work .
Her
sincere
thankfulness
is
also
extended
to
Prof. Tina Mariany, M.A., Ph.D., Prof. Or. Be rlin Sibarani, M.l'd., and
Or. Anni £1olila Pul ungan, M.Hum., members of the Exan1ination Committee
for helping her improves the quality of the thesis and broadens her horizon.
Prof.
Or. Anni
l~ o lia
Dr.
Busmin
Guming.
M.Pd.
and
Pulungan, M.llum., both as Head and Secre tary to the English
Applied Linguistics Program, their administrative he lp a lways kindly grant her
their tinlc even for answering some of her uninte lligent questions about the
horizon of l"escarch.
· Her special thanks are also directed to all lecturers in Appl ied
Linguistics Program UN!MED, for all their constructive comments on this
thesis. She would a lso acknowledge a ll of bis kind classmates for their advice
and their wi llingness to share their bright thoughts with her, which was very
fruitful for shaping up his ideas and research and also her special friend
M. Anggie Daulay, M. Hum, thanks fo,· the prayer and joys.
Last but least. the writer is greatly thankful to all her friends and
col leagu es who never fell bored of reminding her to complete this thesis.
Finally, the wri ter has not lost her wise words to pray to God, Al lah SWT, to
give them proper reward.
Medan, March 2012
The Writer,
AItina G ustiany
Reg. Number: 809111024
ii
TAllLE OF CONTENT
Page
ACKNO\VLEDCEMENTS ........................... .........................
TABLE OF CONT ENTS ...................... ...... ......... .............. .... iii
LIST OFT ABL ES............. .................................... ..... .......... v
ABSTRAcr ........................................................................ vi
C II APTER I : I TROOUCflON .... .. .... ..... ................ .... ... .....
1
I. I The Backgro und of the Study .................. , .. , . . . . .
I
1.2 TI1e Problems of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
7
1.3 The Objectives of the Study ... .......... ...... ..........
7
1.4 The Scope of the Study .. ... ..... ................... .. ....
7
1.5 The Significance of the Study ..............~. .
8
. . .....
C H A PTER fl : REVIEW OF REL A T E D LITERATUR.E ........ ......
10
2.1 Language Styles . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
I0
2. 1. I FrO'l..Cn Style ... ....... ....... ................ , . .. .. I 0
2.1.2 Pormal Style... .... .................... ............ II
2.1.3 Consulwtive Style .. . . .. . . . .. . . . ................ .. 12
2. 1.4 Casual Style ................... .. ........ ,......... 12
2. 1.5lntirnntc Style ..... ..... ............... ... .......... 13
2.2 Gender ..... .. .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . .. .. . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.3 Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) ........ 21
2.3.1 Synchronous CMC ......... ....... .............. 23
2.3.2 Asynchronous CMC .... ....... ............... ... 23
2.3.2. 1 Facebook .... .. . . .. .. . . ... . . . .. . . .. . . . .. .. 24
iii
2.3.2.1.1 The Reasons of Communication
in Face book ...... .... ... .. ... ... ... 26
2.4 Previous Researc h o n Gender's language style ...... 28
2.5 Conceptual Framework .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 I
CHAPT ER ill: RESEAllC H METHOD .................... .... ... ......... 33
3. 1 The Research Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.2 The Data Resources . ... .. .. .. ................... ......... 33
3.3 The Technique of Data Collection ... ........ ... ....... 34
3.4 The Technique of Data Analysis . .. . . . ... . .. . . . . . . . . ... 34
C HAPTER I V: RESEARCH FINDINGS A ND DISCUSSIO NS ....... 36
4. 1 T he Find ings . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . ... . .. . . . . . . . . ............ 36
4.1. I Language Style used by Male and Fema le... 37
4 . I .2 The Difference ways of Commuwcating
Between Male and Female . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 4 1
4. 1.3
·n,e Reasons of CornmlUlication of Male and
Fema le .. ..... .... .. ... .......... .. ... .. ... . ...... 50
4.2 Discussion ....... ..... ... , .... , .... , . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 58
C HAPT ER V: CO 'C LU IONS AND SUGG£ T IO NS ................ 60
5. I Conclusions ........... ..... ......... ..... ..... .... ........... 60
5.2 Suggestions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 61
REFER ENCES ... ...................... ........................................... 62APPEN DIXES ... ......... .............. ........................................... 65
iv
Ll ST OF TABLES
T able
Page
Table I. Distinctive Communication between Male and Female .. .. ... .. . . .. 20
Table 2. Language Style in Male Statuses ........................................ 37
Table 3. Language Style in Male and female Statuses... ........ .... ........... 40
Table 4. The Ways of Communicatio n in Male Stat uses ... .... ................. 43
TableS. The Ways ofCommwucation in Male Statuses in Percentage .. .... 45
Table 6. The Ways of Communication in Female Statuses ..................... 47
Table 7. The Ways of Communication in Female Statuses in Percentage.... 49
Table 8. The Reasons of Communication in Male Statuses ... . . . ... . . . . . . . . . .. 52
Table 9. The Reasons ofComnumication in Male and Female Statuses ...... 57
v
(M UK PERPlJ
uN
C HAPTE R I
INTHO OUCTIO
--
1\
1.1 The Background of t he S tudy
Communication is one of those human activities that everyone
recognizes but few can define satisfactorily (Fiske in Thompson, 2003). The
purpose o r communication
is socia l in teraction through messages.
Communicatjon very irnport.ant to internet with other people, one of its
purposes is giving information. According to Shannon in Thompson (2003)
there are three models of interaction: first is transmitter (the person initiating
the communication, second is rcceh er (the person being communicated
with), and the third is noise (the set of factors which can interfere the
communica,ion
bel"'een
another
two
c lements).
The
transmitter
communicates with the recei ver by using noise or sound.
In past, people use body lungungc to cornm unicate, then use sound.
w ith the development of ern, peOJ>Ie use language to comm unicate.
Language functions are to share ideas, feelings, desires, and most of
human's knowledge and culture stored and transmitted through language.
Every group of people has certain language, but because of the civilization
of England, English become world language. Many people over the world
use English to communicate.
In past, we should G1ce to face wilh other to communicate, then via
lcucrs. next via telephone, and then email. chan ing, blog and nowadays
2
there is one area in the internet that the users can communicate w ith many
people all over the world. named social media. Soc io l med ia or also known
as Instant Social Ne£\vorking (ISN) is online vinual worlds and simulations,
for example World of Worcraft (Koriman, 20 11). F irst known social
net\vork is J:"l'iendster, then Facebook. 1'\ vitter, Bo lgs, Myspace, Skype,
Google +, etc. Most of pcol>le use Facebook rather than the other social
n e twork because Faccbook has many appl ications and usage.
Facebook is o n e of social n e1works w ith all over t he world users. In
Facebok~
people can communicate with others all over the world who use
f'ac1:book
too. find an o ld
f riend, make new friend. seek and share
infonnation, share idea, piny g.an1es, even make an advertisement or sell
product. If one wants to find an old friend, for example. can ""'rile her name
on the search box, and rhe Faceb ookers will ap pear t hen cl ick (ldd friend,
request wil l be sent ro the Facebookc.rs. One can be friend wi th the
Faeebookers if the she nccepts one's friend's request. One can also share
in formation or song u sing Fncebook by putting
rh~
link in onc •s status and
o ther Facebookcrs w ill be able to see info rmation. songs. photos. or videos.
Facebookers can write public messages to Friends by po~ling
on their TYall.
Pri vat e messages can be sent Ulr'ough nn inbox system s.:Cnilar to emai l , and
Faccbookers can have real-time conversat ions wi th another using Chat.
F'acebookers can assoc;iate themselves with other prolilcs through Groups
und Fan Pases. O n Faccbookers individual profi l e, t hey can post photos..
videos, notes. and can fill out various fields of infonnatio n, ranging from
3
Basic Jnformaiion. like one,s binhdny and political references, to Personal
Info rnu:.tlon, l ike Abo ut Me section and Ravorite Quotation section.
Besides l h nc, l here i s a box on the l Op with t he sentence " \VhtU's i n
your n1ind?'• where the facebookers can share their feelings, thoughts and
infonnation. It is called faccbook stmus. for instance:
Faccbooker's status: ""Tcrpujilah engknu waha i ibu Oopak guru. E ng.knu
pahla\van tan pa tanda jasa. nam un bagiku pei,g.nbd ian,
pcngorbanan, dan kesctiann wajib kami berikan
setulusnya. Selnmat Hari Guru buat guruku, doscnku.
g uru besarku. dan seluruh guru yang telah
mcngorbanknn bnnyak waktu untuk mcncerdaskan
kehidupan bangso. Semoga scla l u diber'ikan keschatan
dun kemuda hon dalam m e loksanakan tugns mulia.
Am in. @u
Another Facebookers can g ive their thumbs (Like) if they like the
Status and also g ive comment to the status. for instance:
YP (nu ale s tatus)
: uAku ttm nku sa lah. m aa fkan aku synk ... ."
Con'l m c ntator:
Vony S trg (fema le)
j
•I(
PERPUSTAKAAN
·.
_,
GENDER'S LANGUAGE S1YLE
IN FACEBOOK STATUS
A Thesis
Submitted to English Applied Linguistucs Study Program
In Patrial Fulfillment for the Degree of Magister Humaniora
By:
ALFINA GUSTIANY
Registration Number: 809111024
ENGUSH APPUED UNGUISfiCS STUDY PROGRAM
POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
MEDAN
2012
i CL l:R\l.lil
-r:,. . .•
~r\
-
PEt.ERell
NO \NOUi\
L :..: , .
'
\'!.( oo8(,
l
jr;·ii
•I(
PERPUSTAKAAN
·.
_,
GENDER'S LANGUAGE S1YLE
IN FACEBOOK STATUS
A Thesis
Submitted to English Applied Linguistucs Study Program
In Patrial Fulfillment for the Degree of Magister Humaniora
By:
ALFINA GUSTIANY
Registration Number: 809111024
ENGUSH APPUED UNGUISfiCS STUDY PROGRAM
POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
MEDAN
2012
i CL l:R\l.lil
-r:,. . .•
~r\
-
PEt.ERell
NO \NOUi\
L :..: , .
'
\'!.( oo8(,
l
A TilE I
GENU£R'S LANGUAGE STYLE IN FACEBOOK STATUS
By
ALI•'INA GUSTI ANY
Regis tration Number: 809111024
English Applied Un::uistics Study l'rogram
Postgraduate School S tate Unive..,iry of Medan
This thesis " as •"•mined on 1\hlrch 8", 2012
Appro•·ed b}:
;\dvilier Comi,~un
SccmHI Adviser
Prof. Amrin Sara ih i\1. A Ph.D.
Nil'. 19550113 198203 I 002
Oirt~
The
Sehoul
~
o~stgraduc
/
l'•·ol'. Dr. Helferik M'mullan
NIP. 19471015 197412 I 00 1
AI'PROVAL
This rhesi> wos examined on March s••· 20 12 by rhe llourd of Examiners
Board of Exa miners:
I.
Dr. Sri Minda lllurni. M.S.
'II'. 19630525198803 2 016
2. l'ror. A onrin Sarugih. 1\l.A., Ph.D.
N IP. 19550113 198203 J 002
3. l'o·of. Tinu Ma ria ny Arifin. M.A., Ph .D.
N IP. 19440302 196902 2 001
~ .
Prof. llr. Berlin Sibarani.IIJ.I'd.
'II'. 195706 15 198203 I 005
5. Dr. Anni Holila Pulungan. M.Hum.
N IP. 19700522 200 1 ll 2 001
ABST RACT
Gust iaoy, 2012. Geuder's Laaguage Style irr Facebook Status. A Thesis,
English Applied Linguistics Study Program, The Postgraduate Program of State
University ofMedan. Adviwrs: ( 1) Dr. Sri Minda Mumi, M.S., (II) Prof. Amrin
Sarngih, M.A., Ph. D .
This study addresses language sty le. different ways of communicating, and the
purposes of commwlication of male and female in Facebook status. The
objectives of the study are: a) tO find out the dominant type of language style
used by male and female; b) to describe the way of communicating between
male and female; and c) to describe the purposes ofconununication of male and
female in Facebook status. The data were obtained from 33 m ales' s tatuses and
33 females' s tatuses in December 2011. The data \vere analyzed based on three
theory, first is three language style according to Joos (1967), they are formal
style, consultative style and casual style; second is the difference ways of
commwlicati ng between male and female according to Tannen (1992), they are
advice versus understanding, information versus feeling, and conflict versus
compromise; th ird is the purposes of FB communication according to Patrick
(2010), they arc entertainment, integration into communiry, relationship
maintenance, and identity construction. The findings show that: a) the dominant
style used by both male and female in Facebook status are consultative style; b)
Males use advice (39.4 %) more than females (24.2 %) and females use feeling
(51.5 %) more than males (36.5 %); c) The reasons of communication of male
a nd female in Foccbook starus ore: identity construction, giving information,
prayi ng, feeling, and giving advice.
·.
vi
ABST RAK
Gustiany, 2012. Geuder's Lauguage Style iu Facebook Status. A Thesis,
Program Studi 1-inguistik Terapan Bahasa lnggris, Sekolah Pascasarjuna
Uni versitas Negcri Mcdan. Pembim bi ng: (1) O r. Sri Minda Murni, M.S., (11)
Prof. Amrin Saragih, M.A., Ph. D.
Penelitian ini menunjukkan gaya bahasa, perbcdaan cara bcrkomunikasi, dan
tujuan komw1ikasi laki-laki dan perempoon di status Facebook. Tujuan
penelitian ini adalah: a) menemukan gaya bahasa dominan yang digunakan lakilaki dan percmpuan; b) menjelaskan earn bcrkomooikasi antara laki-laki dan
percmpuan; dan c) menjelaskan tujuan-tujuan komunikasi laki-laki dan
perempuan da lam status f'acebook. Data didapatkan dari 33 stan.s laid laki dan
33 status perempuan pada Desember 2011. Data yang d ia nalisis berdasarkan
tiga teori. l'c rtama adala h tiga gaya bahasa mcnurut Joos (1 967), yai tu gaya
formal, gaya konsultotif, dan gaya santai; kedua adalah perbcdaan cara
berkomunikasi antara laki-laki dan percmpuan menurut Tannen ( 1992), yaitu
saran la\.\'lln pengertian, informasi lawan perasaan, dan konflik lawan
kompromi; kctiga adalah tujuan-tujuan komunikasi Facebook menurut Patrick
(20 10), yain. hiburan. integrasi kedalam komunitas. pemertahanan hubungan,
dan pembcntukan jati diri. llasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: a) gaya bahasa
dominan yang digunakan oleh laki-laki dan perempuao di status Focebook
adalah gaya konsultatif; b) laki- laki menggunakan saran (39.4 %) lebih banyak
daripada perempuan (24.2 %) dan percrnpuan me nggunakan perasaan (5 1.5 %)
lebih banyak daripada laki - laki (36.5 %); c) Alasan·alasan komunikas i lakilaki dan pcrempua n di s tatus Faceboook adalah: pembangunan jmi diri,
metnberikan inforrnasi, berdoa, menLmjukk.un 1>crusaan, dan memberikan snr:ln.
vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, the writer would like to express he r f.>reatest gratitude to
Allah SWT, the Almighty that has given her the ability, health, and safety until
at last this thesis can be completed.
Her first sincerest gratitude goes to her parents; A. Darwin Siregar, S.E
and Prof. Or. Sri M.ilfaycuy, S.Psi., M.S., Kons. and her brother Faisbal Amri ,
who never stopped s uppOrting her. Their love always gu ide her through her life,
a nd may God, Allah SWT protect them always.
She would like
10
record her gratefully ackno wledge to her advisors
Dr. Sri Mi nda Mumi, M.S and Prof. Atnrin Sarogin, M.A ., Ph .D. for the ir
supervision, advice, and guidance from the very early stage of this research as
well as giving her extraordinary experiences throughout the work .
Her
sincere
thankfulness
is
also
extended
to
Prof. Tina Mariany, M.A., Ph.D., Prof. Or. Be rlin Sibarani, M.l'd., and
Or. Anni £1olila Pul ungan, M.Hum., members of the Exan1ination Committee
for helping her improves the quality of the thesis and broadens her horizon.
Prof.
Or. Anni
l~ o lia
Dr.
Busmin
Guming.
M.Pd.
and
Pulungan, M.llum., both as Head and Secre tary to the English
Applied Linguistics Program, their administrative he lp a lways kindly grant her
their tinlc even for answering some of her uninte lligent questions about the
horizon of l"escarch.
· Her special thanks are also directed to all lecturers in Appl ied
Linguistics Program UN!MED, for all their constructive comments on this
thesis. She would a lso acknowledge a ll of bis kind classmates for their advice
and their wi llingness to share their bright thoughts with her, which was very
fruitful for shaping up his ideas and research and also her special friend
M. Anggie Daulay, M. Hum, thanks fo,· the prayer and joys.
Last but least. the writer is greatly thankful to all her friends and
col leagu es who never fell bored of reminding her to complete this thesis.
Finally, the wri ter has not lost her wise words to pray to God, Al lah SWT, to
give them proper reward.
Medan, March 2012
The Writer,
AItina G ustiany
Reg. Number: 809111024
ii
TAllLE OF CONTENT
Page
ACKNO\VLEDCEMENTS ........................... .........................
TABLE OF CONT ENTS ...................... ...... ......... .............. .... iii
LIST OFT ABL ES............. .................................... ..... .......... v
ABSTRAcr ........................................................................ vi
C II APTER I : I TROOUCflON .... .. .... ..... ................ .... ... .....
1
I. I The Backgro und of the Study .................. , .. , . . . . .
I
1.2 TI1e Problems of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
7
1.3 The Objectives of the Study ... .......... ...... ..........
7
1.4 The Scope of the Study .. ... ..... ................... .. ....
7
1.5 The Significance of the Study ..............~. .
8
. . .....
C H A PTER fl : REVIEW OF REL A T E D LITERATUR.E ........ ......
10
2.1 Language Styles . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
I0
2. 1. I FrO'l..Cn Style ... ....... ....... ................ , . .. .. I 0
2.1.2 Pormal Style... .... .................... ............ II
2.1.3 Consulwtive Style .. . . .. . . . .. . . . ................ .. 12
2. 1.4 Casual Style ................... .. ........ ,......... 12
2. 1.5lntirnntc Style ..... ..... ............... ... .......... 13
2.2 Gender ..... .. .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . .. .. . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.3 Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) ........ 21
2.3.1 Synchronous CMC ......... ....... .............. 23
2.3.2 Asynchronous CMC .... ....... ............... ... 23
2.3.2. 1 Facebook .... .. . . .. .. . . ... . . . .. . . .. . . . .. .. 24
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2.3.2.1.1 The Reasons of Communication
in Face book ...... .... ... .. ... ... ... 26
2.4 Previous Researc h o n Gender's language style ...... 28
2.5 Conceptual Framework .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 I
CHAPT ER ill: RESEAllC H METHOD .................... .... ... ......... 33
3. 1 The Research Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.2 The Data Resources . ... .. .. .. ................... ......... 33
3.3 The Technique of Data Collection ... ........ ... ....... 34
3.4 The Technique of Data Analysis . .. . . . ... . .. . . . . . . . . ... 34
C HAPTER I V: RESEARCH FINDINGS A ND DISCUSSIO NS ....... 36
4. 1 T he Find ings . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . ... . .. . . . . . . . . ............ 36
4.1. I Language Style used by Male and Fema le... 37
4 . I .2 The Difference ways of Commuwcating
Between Male and Female . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 4 1
4. 1.3
·n,e Reasons of CornmlUlication of Male and
Fema le .. ..... .... .. ... .......... .. ... .. ... . ...... 50
4.2 Discussion ....... ..... ... , .... , .... , . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 58
C HAPT ER V: CO 'C LU IONS AND SUGG£ T IO NS ................ 60
5. I Conclusions ........... ..... ......... ..... ..... .... ........... 60
5.2 Suggestions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 61
REFER ENCES ... ...................... ........................................... 62APPEN DIXES ... ......... .............. ........................................... 65
iv
Ll ST OF TABLES
T able
Page
Table I. Distinctive Communication between Male and Female .. .. ... .. . . .. 20
Table 2. Language Style in Male Statuses ........................................ 37
Table 3. Language Style in Male and female Statuses... ........ .... ........... 40
Table 4. The Ways of Communicatio n in Male Stat uses ... .... ................. 43
TableS. The Ways ofCommwucation in Male Statuses in Percentage .. .... 45
Table 6. The Ways of Communication in Female Statuses ..................... 47
Table 7. The Ways of Communication in Female Statuses in Percentage.... 49
Table 8. The Reasons of Communication in Male Statuses ... . . . ... . . . . . . . . . .. 52
Table 9. The Reasons ofComnumication in Male and Female Statuses ...... 57
v
(M UK PERPlJ
uN
C HAPTE R I
INTHO OUCTIO
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1\
1.1 The Background of t he S tudy
Communication is one of those human activities that everyone
recognizes but few can define satisfactorily (Fiske in Thompson, 2003). The
purpose o r communication
is socia l in teraction through messages.
Communicatjon very irnport.ant to internet with other people, one of its
purposes is giving information. According to Shannon in Thompson (2003)
there are three models of interaction: first is transmitter (the person initiating
the communication, second is rcceh er (the person being communicated
with), and the third is noise (the set of factors which can interfere the
communica,ion
bel"'een
another
two
c lements).
The
transmitter
communicates with the recei ver by using noise or sound.
In past, people use body lungungc to cornm unicate, then use sound.
w ith the development of ern, peOJ>Ie use language to comm unicate.
Language functions are to share ideas, feelings, desires, and most of
human's knowledge and culture stored and transmitted through language.
Every group of people has certain language, but because of the civilization
of England, English become world language. Many people over the world
use English to communicate.
In past, we should G1ce to face wilh other to communicate, then via
lcucrs. next via telephone, and then email. chan ing, blog and nowadays
2
there is one area in the internet that the users can communicate w ith many
people all over the world. named social media. Soc io l med ia or also known
as Instant Social Ne£\vorking (ISN) is online vinual worlds and simulations,
for example World of Worcraft (Koriman, 20 11). F irst known social
net\vork is J:"l'iendster, then Facebook. 1'\ vitter, Bo lgs, Myspace, Skype,
Google +, etc. Most of pcol>le use Facebook rather than the other social
n e twork because Faccbook has many appl ications and usage.
Facebook is o n e of social n e1works w ith all over t he world users. In
Facebok~
people can communicate with others all over the world who use
f'ac1:book
too. find an o ld
f riend, make new friend. seek and share
infonnation, share idea, piny g.an1es, even make an advertisement or sell
product. If one wants to find an old friend, for example. can ""'rile her name
on the search box, and rhe Faceb ookers will ap pear t hen cl ick (ldd friend,
request wil l be sent ro the Facebookc.rs. One can be friend wi th the
Faeebookers if the she nccepts one's friend's request. One can also share
in formation or song u sing Fncebook by putting
rh~
link in onc •s status and
o ther Facebookcrs w ill be able to see info rmation. songs. photos. or videos.
Facebookers can write public messages to Friends by po~ling
on their TYall.
Pri vat e messages can be sent Ulr'ough nn inbox system s.:Cnilar to emai l , and
Faccbookers can have real-time conversat ions wi th another using Chat.
F'acebookers can assoc;iate themselves with other prolilcs through Groups
und Fan Pases. O n Faccbookers individual profi l e, t hey can post photos..
videos, notes. and can fill out various fields of infonnatio n, ranging from
3
Basic Jnformaiion. like one,s binhdny and political references, to Personal
Info rnu:.tlon, l ike Abo ut Me section and Ravorite Quotation section.
Besides l h nc, l here i s a box on the l Op with t he sentence " \VhtU's i n
your n1ind?'• where the facebookers can share their feelings, thoughts and
infonnation. It is called faccbook stmus. for instance:
Faccbooker's status: ""Tcrpujilah engknu waha i ibu Oopak guru. E ng.knu
pahla\van tan pa tanda jasa. nam un bagiku pei,g.nbd ian,
pcngorbanan, dan kesctiann wajib kami berikan
setulusnya. Selnmat Hari Guru buat guruku, doscnku.
g uru besarku. dan seluruh guru yang telah
mcngorbanknn bnnyak waktu untuk mcncerdaskan
kehidupan bangso. Semoga scla l u diber'ikan keschatan
dun kemuda hon dalam m e loksanakan tugns mulia.
Am in. @u
Another Facebookers can g ive their thumbs (Like) if they like the
Status and also g ive comment to the status. for instance:
YP (nu ale s tatus)
: uAku ttm nku sa lah. m aa fkan aku synk ... ."
Con'l m c ntator:
Vony S trg (fema le)
j