Uji Toksisitas Akut Ekstrak Etanol Bunga Pepaya Jantan (Carica Papaya L.) Pada Mencit Jantan
Lampiran 1. Hasil identifikasi tumbuhan
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Lampiran 2. Gambar tumbuhan, simplisia dan serbuk simplisia bunga pepaya
jantan (Carica papaya L.)
Tumbuhan pepaya jantan
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Simplisia bunga pepaya jantan
Serbuk simplisia bunga pepaya jantan
Lampiran 3. Bagan pembuatan ekstrak
Serbuk
simplisia
Dimasukkan ke dalam bejana
Ditambah pelarut etanol 80 %
Dibiarkan selama 5 hari terlindung dari
cahaya sambil sesekali di aduk
Diserkai, diperas
Maserat I
Ampas
Dicuci dengan
pelarut etanol 80 %
Dipindahkan ke
dalam bejana
tertutup
Dibiarkan di tempat
sejuk, terlindung
dari cahaya selama
2 hari
Dienap tuangkan
dan di saring
Maserat II
Ampas
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Digabung
Dipekatkan dengan alat rotary evaporator
o
40 C
Dikeringkan dengan alat freeze dryer -40oC
Ekstrak kental
Lampiran 4. Bagan alur penelitian uji toksisitas akut
EEBPJ
Hewan uji
(mencit)
P1:
Kontrol,
diberi
akuades
P2:
Perlakuan,
diberi
EEBPJ
dosis 1000
mg/kg bb
P3:
Perlakuan,
diberi
EEBPJ
dosis 2000
mg/kg bb
P4:
Perlakuan,
diberi
EEBPJ
dosis 4000
mg/kg bb
P5:
Perlakuan,
diberi
EEBPJ
dosis 8000
mg/kg bb
P6:
Perlakuan,
diberi
EEBPJ
dosis
16000
mg/kg bb
Pengamatan 14 hari
Gejala
toksik
Kematian
Berat
Berat
badan
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Lampiran 5. Contoh perhitungan dosis
Berat badan mencit 35 g dengan dosis EEBPJ 1000 mg/kg bb
Dosis
=
= 1000 mg/kg bb
1000 mg
1000 g
x 35 g
= 35 mg
Konsentrasi ekstrak yang dibuat 25% = 25 g/100 ml
= 25000 mg/100 ml
= 250 mg/ml
Jumlah obat yang disuntikkan
=
35 mg
250 mg /ml
= 0,14 ml
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Lampiran 6. Konversi perhitungan dosis dari mencit terhadap manusia
Mencit
20 g
Tikus
200 g
Marmot
400 g
Kelinci
1,5 kg
Kera
4 kg
Anjing
12 kg
Manusia
70 kg
Mencit
20 g
1,0
Tikus
200 g
7,0
Marmot
400 g
Kelinci
1,5 kg
12,25
0,14
1,0
0,08
27,8
Kera
4 kg
64,1
Anjing
12 kg
124,2
Manusia
70 kg
387,9
1,74
3,9
9,2
17,8
56,0
0,57
1,0
2,25
5,2
10,2
31,5
0,04
0,25
0,44
1,0
2,4
4,5
14,2
0,016
0,11
0,19
0,42
1,0
1,9
6,1
0,008
0,06
0,10
0,22
0,52
1,0
3,1
0,0026
0,018
0,031
0,07
0,16
0,32
1,0
(Donatus, 1996)
Dosis pemberian EEBJP pada mencit yaitu 1000 mg/kg BB.
Maka, berat ekstrak yang diberikan untuk mencit dengan berat 35 gram
yaitu :
Berat EEBJP pada mencit =
35 g
× 1000 mg = 35 mg
1000 g
Faktor konversi dari dosis pada mencit berat 35 gram terhadap manusia
dengan berat 70 kg adalah 387,9, maka dosis yang harus diberikan kepada
manusia untuk memberikan efek yang sama yaitu:
Berat EEBJP pada manusia = 35 mg × 387,9 = 13576,5 mg
= 13,5765 g
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Pada pengerjaan sampel (bunga jantan pepaya), dari berat basah 3000
gram diperoleh berat ekstrak kental sebanyak 31,5 gram
Maka, untuk memperoleh ekstrak kental 13,5765 g dibutuhkan bunga
pepaya segar sebanyak :
31,5 g
13,5765 g
=
3000 g
�g
� = 1,293 kg
Jadi, untuk memberikan efek yang sama dengan EEBJP dosis 1000
mg/kg BB, kita harus mengkonsumsi bunga pepaya segar kira-kira 1,293 kg .
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Lampiran 7. Hasil uji pendahuluan (orientasi)
1. Hasil pengamatan kematian
Kelompok
Jumlah mencit
Jumlah kematian
P1
2
0
P2
2
0
P3
2
0
P4
2
0
P5
2
0
Keterangan: P = perlakuan; 1 = kontrol; 2, 3, 4 dan 5 = dosis 100, 200, 400 dan
800 mg/kg bb; bb = berat badan
2. Hasil pengamatan gejala klinis
Kelompok
P1
Kejang
-
Diare
-
Salivasi
-
Lemas
-
Tidur
-
Koma
-
P2
P3
P4
P5
-
-
-
-
-
-
Keterangan: P = perlakuan; 1 = kontrol; 2, 3, 4 dan 5 = dosis 100, 200, 400 dan
800 mg/kg bb; bb = berat badan
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Lampiran 8. Gambar alat yang digunakan
Oral sonde dan spuit
Gunting bedah dan pinset
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Lampiran 9. Gambar hewan percobaan yang digunakan
Mencit
Pembedahan mencit
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Lampiran 10. Gambar perbandingan organ antar kelompok
Gambar organ hati
a.
d.
b.
e.
c.
f.
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Keterangan: a, kontrol diberi akuades, b, c, d, e dan f berturut-turut diberi
dengan EEBPJ dosis 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000 dan 16000 mg/kg bb
Gambar organ ginjal
a.
d.
b.
e.
c.
f.
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Keterangan: a, kontrol diberi akuades, b, c, d, e dan f berturut-turut diberi
dengan EEBPJ dosis 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000 dan 16000 mg/kg bb
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Lampiran 11. Tabel perhitungan LD50 dengan jumlah hewan 5 menurut
Thomson dan Weil
Harga r
F
δf
Harga r
F
δf
0,0,3,5
0,90000
0,24493
0,3,4,5
0,10000
0,31623
0,0,4,5
0,70000
0,20000
1,0,3,5
0,87500
0,30778
0,0,5,5
0,50000
0,00000
0,3,4,4
0,12500
0,39652
0,1,2,5
0,90000
0,31623
1,0,4,4
0,83333
0,43744
0,1,3,5
0,70000
0,31623
1,0,5,4
0,50000
0,23700
0,1,4,5
0,50000
0,28284
1,1,3,4
0,83333
0,59835
1,0,5,5
0,30000
0,20000
1,1,4,4
0,50000
0,52705
1,0,4,5
0,62500
0,26700
1,1,5,4
0,16667
0,43744
1,1,2,5
0,87500
0,39652
1,2,3,4
0,50000
0,62361
1,1,3,5
0,62500
0,40625
1,2,4,4
0,16667
0,59834
1,1,4,5
0,37500
0,38654
1,3,3,4
0,16667
0,64310
1,1,5,5
0,12500
0,33219
2,0,4,4
0,75000
0,64348
1,2,2,5
0,62500
0,44304
2,0,5,4
0,25000
0,45798
1,2,3,5
0,37500
0,46034
2,1,3,4
0,75000
0,88829
1,2,4,5
0,12500
0,45178
2,1,4,4
0,25000
0,85239
1,3,3,5
0,12500
0,48513
2,2,2,4
0,75000
0,95607
2,0,3,5
0,83333
0,41388
2,2,3,4
0,25000
0,98821
2,0,4,5
0,50000
0,39087
0,0,5,3
0,83333
0,34021
2,0,4,5
0,16667
0,34021
0,1,4,3
0,83333
0,58134
2,1,2,5
0,83333
0,53142
0,1,5,3
0,50000
0,39087
2,1,3,5
0,50000
0,56519
0,2,3,3
0,83333
0,67013
2,1,4,5
0,16667
0,58134
0,2,4,3
0,50000
0,56519
2,2,2,5
0,50000
0,61237
0,2,5,3
0,16667
0,41388
2,2,3,5
0,16667
0,67013
0,3,3,3
0,50000
0,61237
0,0,4,4
0,87500
0,33219
0,3,4,3
0,16667
0,53142
0,0,5,4
0,62500
0,15625
1,0,5,3
0,75000
0,47593
0,1,3,4
0,87500
0,45178
1,1,4,3
0,75000
0,85239
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0,1,4,4
0,62500
0,38654
1,1,5,3
0,25000
0,64348
0,1,5,4
0,37500
0,26700
1,2,3,3
0,75000
0,98821
0,2,2,4
0,87500
0,48513
1,3,3,3
0,25000
0,95067
0,2,3,4
0,62500
0,46034
2,0,5,3
0,50000
0,86602
0,2,4,4
0,37500
0,40625
0,1,5,2
0,75000
0,67892
0,2,5,4
0,12500
0,30778
0,2,4,2
0,25000
0,91430
0,3,3,4
0,37500
0,44304
0,2,5,2
0,75000
0,63122
0,2,2,5
0,70000
0,34610
0,3,4,2
0,50000
0,80526
0,2,3,5
0,50000
0,34610
1,1,5,2
0,50000
127,475
0,2,4,5
0,30000
0,31623
1,2,4,2
0,50000
176,777
0,2,5,5
0,10000
0,24495
1,3,3,2
0,50000
190,394
0,3,3,5
0,30000
0,34641
0,2,5,1
0,50000
165,831
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Lampiran 12. Perhitungan LD50 dengan metode Thomson dan Weil
Rumus: Log m = log D + d (f + 1)
Dimana :
D = 2000 mg/kg
d =2
r = 0,0,3 dan 5
f = dari tabel untuk r (kematian dalam kelompok uji) = 0,900
Log m = log D + log d (f + 1)
= log 2000 + log 2 (0.900 +1)
= 3,30 + 0,3 (0,900 + 1)
= 3,87
LD50
= anti log m
= anti log 3,87
= 7413,10 mg/kg
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Lampiran 13. Hasil analisis spss berat badan
Descriptive Statistics
Std.
N
Mean
Minimu
Deviation
Maximu
m
m
perlakuan
30
3.50
1.737
1
6
BBharike0
30
35.233
1.3951
32.2
37.8
BBharike6
24
36.338
1.9622
33.0
39.9
BBharike12
22
35.909
2.2352
32.5
40.4
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
perlakua
BBharike
BBharike
BBhari
n
0
6
ke12
N
30
30
24
22
3.50
35.233
36.338
35.909
1.737
1.3951
1.9622
2.2352
.139
.195
.087
.167
Positive
.139
.086
.077
.167
Negative
-.139
-.195
-.087
-.167
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z
.764
1.070
.424
.785
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
.604
.203
.994
.568
Normal
Parameters
Mean
a,b
Most
Std. Deviation
Extreme Absolute
Differences
a. Test distribution is Normal.
b. Calculated from data.
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Lampiran 13. (Lanjutan)
Descriptives
BBharike0
BBharike6
BBharike1
2
kontrol
N
5
1000mg/kg
5
2000mg/kg
5
4000mg/kg
5
8000mg/kg
5
16000mg/k
g
Total
5
30
kontrol
5
1000mg/kg
5
2000mg/kg
5
4000mg/kg
5
8000mg/kg
3
16000mg/k
g
Total
1
24
kontrol
5
1000mg/kg
5
2000mg/kg
5
4000mg/kg
5
8000mg/kg
2
16000mg/k
g
Total
0
22
Std.
Mean Deviation
35.44
1.4690
0
36.12
1.3180
0
34.40
1.8802
0
35.40
1.7734
0
34.74
.8142
0
35.30
.7906
0
35.23
1.3951
3
36.16
1.7213
0
37.68
2.4974
0
35.64
2.1185
0
36.56
2.1594
0
35.40
.3606
0
35.70
.
0
36.33
1.9622
8
35.88
1.7838
0
36.80
3.2101
0
35.22
1.9383
0
36.50
2.2394
0
34.00
.7071
0
.
.
Std.
Error
.6570
35.90
9
.4765
2.2352
.5894
.8408
.7931
.3641
.3536
.2547
.7698
1.116
9
.9474
.9657
.2082
.
.4005
.7977
1.435
6
.8668
1.001
5
.5000
.
95%
Confidence
Interval for
Mean
Lowe
r
Upper
Bound Bound
33.61 37.26
6
4
34.48 37.75
4
6
32.06 36.73
5
5
33.19 37.60
8
2
33.72 35.75
9
1
34.31 36.28
8
2
34.71 35.75
2
4
34.02 38.29
3
7
34.57 40.78
9
1
33.01 38.27
0
0
33.87 39.24
9
1
34.50 36.29
4
6
.
.
Minimu
m
32.9
Maximu
m
36.7
35.1
37.8
32.2
36.3
32.3
36.6
33.8
35.7
34.0
36.1
32.2
37.8
33.2
37.5
34.4
39.9
33.1
37.6
33.0
38.5
35.0
35.7
35.7
35.7
35.50
9
33.66
5
32.81
4
32.81
3
33.71
9
27.64
7
.
37.16
6
38.09
5
40.78
6
37.62
7
39.28
1
40.35
3
.
33.0
39.9
32.9
37.5
33.4
40.4
32.9
37.4
32.5
37.6
33.5
34.5
.
.
34.91
8
36.90
0
32.5
40.4
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Lampiran 13. (Lanjutan)
ANOVA
Sum of
Mean
Squares
BBharike0
Between
df
Square
F
8.995
5
1.799
Within Groups
47.452
24
1.977
Total
56.447
29
Between
14.892
5
2.978
Within Groups
73.664
18
4.092
Total
88.556
23
BBharike1
Between
15.382
4
3.846
4
Groups
89.536
17
5.267
104.918
21
Sig.
.910
.491
.728
.612
.730
.584
Groups
BBharike7
Groups
Within Groups
Total
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Lampiran 13. (Lanjutan)
Tukey HSD
95% Confidence
Interval
Mean
Dependent
Difference
Std.
(I-J)
Error
Upper
Bound
Bound
Variable
(I) perlakuan
(J) perlakuan
BBharike0
kontrol
1000mg/kg
-.6800 .8893
.971
-3.430
2.070
2000mg/kg
1.0400 .8893
.847
-1.710
3.790
4000mg/kg
.0400 .8893 1.000
-2.710
2.790
8000mg/kg
.7000 .8893
.967
-2.050
3.450
16000mg/kg
.1400 .8893 1.000
-2.610
2.890
kontrol
.6800 .8893
.971
-2.070
3.430
2000mg/kg
1.7200 .8893
.407
-1.030
4.470
4000mg/kg
.7200 .8893
.963
-2.030
3.470
8000mg/kg
1.3800 .8893
.636
-1.370
4.130
16000mg/kg
.8200 .8893
.937
-1.930
3.570
kontrol
-1.0400 .8893
.847
-3.790
1.710
1000mg/kg
-1.7200 .8893
.407
-4.470
1.030
4000mg/kg
-1.0000 .8893
.866
-3.750
1.750
8000mg/kg
-.3400 .8893
.999
-3.090
2.410
16000mg/kg
-.9000 .8893
.909
-3.650
1.850
kontrol
-.0400 .8893 1.000
-2.790
2.710
1000mg/kg
-.7200 .8893
.963
-3.470
2.030
2000mg/kg
1.0000 .8893
.866
-1.750
3.750
8000mg/kg
.6600 .8893
.974
-2.090
3.410
16000mg/kg
.1000 .8893 1.000
-2.650
2.850
1000mg/kg
2000mg/kg
4000mg/kg
8000mg/kg
16000mg/kg
kontrol
Sig.
Lower
-.7000 .8893
.967
-3.450
2.050
1000mg/kg
-1.3800 .8893
.636
-4.130
1.370
2000mg/kg
.3400 .8893
.999
-2.410
3.090
4000mg/kg
-.6600 .8893
.974
-3.410
2.090
16000mg/kg
-.5600 .8893
.988
-3.310
2.190
kontrol
-.1400 .8893 1.000
-2.890
2.610
1000mg/kg
-.8200 .8893
.937
-3.570
1.930
2000mg/kg
.9000 .8893
.909
-1.850
3.650
-.1000 .8893 1.000
-2.850
2.650
-2.190
3.310
4000mg/kg
8000mg/kg
.5600 .8893
.988
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Lampiran 13. (Lanjutan)
Multiple Comparisons
Tukey HSD
95% Confidence
Interval
Mean
Dependent
(I)
(J)
Differenc
Std.
Variable
perlakuan
perlakuan
e (I-J)
Error
BBharike7
kontrol
1000mg/kg
-1.5200 1.3547
.682
-5.396
2.356
2000mg/kg
.5200 1.3547
.980
-3.356
4.396
4000mg/kg
-.4000 1.3547
.991
-4.276
3.476
1.5200 1.3547
.682
-2.356
5.396
2000mg/kg
2.0400 1.3547
.457
-1.836
5.916
4000mg/kg
1.1200 1.3547
.841
-2.756
4.996
-.5200 1.3547
.980
-4.396
3.356
1000mg/kg
-2.0400 1.3547
.457
-5.916
1.836
4000mg/kg
-.9200 1.3547
.903
-4.796
2.956
.4000 1.3547
.991
-3.476
4.276
1000mg/kg
-1.1200 1.3547
.841
-4.996
2.756
2000mg/kg
.9200 1.3547
.903
-2.956
4.796
1000mg/kg
-.9200 1.4919
.925
-5.188
3.348
2000mg/kg
.6600 1.4919
.970
-3.608
4.928
4000mg/kg
-.6200 1.4919
.975
-4.888
3.648
.9200 1.4919
.925
-3.348
5.188
2000mg/kg
1.5800 1.4919
.718
-2.688
5.848
4000mg/kg
.3000 1.4919
.997
-3.968
4.568
-.6600 1.4919
.970
-4.928
3.608
1000mg/kg
-1.5800 1.4919
.718
-5.848
2.688
4000mg/kg
-1.2800 1.4919
.826
-5.548
2.988
.6200 1.4919
.975
-3.648
4.888
1000mg/kg
-.3000 1.4919
.997
-4.568
3.968
2000mg/kg
1.2800 1.4919
.826
-2.988
5.548
1000mg/kg kontrol
2000mg/kg kontrol
4000mg/kg kontrol
BBharike14
kontrol
1000mg/kg kontrol
2000mg/kg kontrol
4000mg/kg kontrol
Sig.
Lower
Upper
Bound
Bound
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Lampiran 14. Hasil analisis spss berat organ hati
Descriptive Statistics
N
Mean
Std. Deviation
Minimum
Maximum
dosis
30
3.50
1.737
1
6
berathati
30
5.58170
1.051051
3.667
7.221
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
dosis
N
berathati
30
30
3.50
5.58170
1.737
1.051051
Absolute
.139
.107
Positive
.139
.079
Negative
-.139
-.107
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z
.764
.588
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
.604
.879
Normal Parameters
a,b
Mean
Std. Deviation
Most Extreme Differences
a. Test distribution is Normal.
b. Calculated from data.
38
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 14. (Lanjutan)
Descriptives
berat organ hati
95% Confidence
Interval for Mean
N
Mean
Std.
Std.
Lower
Upper
Deviation
Error
Bound
Bound Minimum Maximum
kontrol
5 3.94960
.297001 .132823 3.58083 4.31837
3.667
4.382
1000mg/kg
5 4.89640
.581322 .259975 4.17459 5.61821
4.189
5.563
2000mg/kg
5 5.48560
.305341 .136553 5.10647 5.86473
5.142
5.814
4000mg/kg
5 5.82400
.316616 .141595 5.43087 6.21713
5.619
6.385
8000mg/kg
5 6.34840
.354190 .158399 5.90861 6.78819
5.790
6.686
16000mg/kg
5 6.98620
.248656 .111202 6.67745 7.29495
6.628
7.221
30 5.58170 1.051051 .191895 5.18923 5.97417
3.667
7.221
Total
ANOVA
berathati
Sum of Squares
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
df
Mean Square
28.809
5
5.762
3.228
24
.134
32.037
29
F
42.844
Sig.
.000
39
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 14. (Lanjutan)
Multiple Comparisons
Tukey HSD
95% Confidence
Interval
Mean
Difference (IJ)
Std. Error
Sig.
Lower
Upper
Bound
Bound
(I) dosis
(J) dosis
kontrol
1000mg/kgbb
-.946800*
.231935
.005
-1.66393
-.22967
2000mg/kgbb
-1.536000*
.231935
.000
-2.25313
-.81887
4000mg/kgbb
-1.874400*
.231935
.000
-2.59153
1.15727
8000mg/kgbb
-2.398800*
.231935
.000
-3.11593
1.68167
16000mg/kgbb
-3.036600*
.231935
.000
-3.75373
2.31947
1000mg/kgbb
kontrol
.946800*
.231935
.005
.22967
1.66393
2000mg/kgbb
-.589200
.231935
.152
-1.30633
.12793
4000mg/kgbb
-.927600*
.231935
.006
-1.64473
-.21047
8000mg/kgbb
-1.452000*
.231935
.000
-2.16913
-.73487
16000mg/kgbb
-2.089800*
.231935
.000
-2.80693
1.37267
2000mg/kgbb
4000mg/kgbb
1.536000*
.231935
.000
.81887
2.25313
1000mg/kgbb
.589200
.231935
.152
-.12793
1.30633
4000mg/kgbb
-.338400
.231935
.692
-1.05553
.37873
8000mg/kgbb
-.862800*
.231935
.012
-1.57993
-.14567
16000mg/kgbb
-1.500600*
.231935
.000
-2.21773
-.78347
1.874400*
.231935
.000
1.15727
2.59153
1000mg/kgbb
.927600*
.231935
.006
.21047
1.64473
2000mg/kgbb
.338400
.231935
.692
-.37873
1.05553
8000mg/kgbb
-.524400
.231935
.248
-1.24153
.19273
kontrol
kontrol
40
Universitas Sumatera Utara
-1.162200*
.231935
.001
-1.87933
-.44507
kontrol
2.398800*
.231935
.000
1.68167
3.11593
1000mg/kgbb
1.452000*
.231935
.000
.73487
2.16913
2000mg/kgbb
.862800*
.231935
.012
.14567
1.57993
4000mg/kgbb
.524400
.231935
.248
-.19273
1.24153
16000mg/kgbb
-.637800
.231935
.102
-1.35493
.07933
kontrol
3.036600*
.231935
.000
2.31947
3.75373
1000mg/kgbb
2.089800*
.231935
.000
1.37267
2.80693
2000mg/kgbb
1.500600*
.231935
.000
.78347
2.21773
4000mg/kgbb
1.162200*
.231935
.001
.44507
1.87933
16000mg/kgbb
8000mg/kgbb
16000mg/kgbb
41
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 14. (Lanjutan)
berat organ hati
Tukey HSD
a
Subset for alpha = 0.05
dosis
N
1
2
3
kontrol
5
1000mg/kgbb
5
4.89640
2000mg/kgbb
5
5.48560
4000mg/kgbb
5
8000mg/kgbb
5
16000mg/kgbb
5
Sig.
4
5
3.94960
5.48560
5.82400
5.82400
6.34840
6.34840
6.98620
1.000
.152
.692
.248
.102
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 5.000.
42
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 15. Hasil analisis spss berat organ ginjal kanan
Descriptive Statistics
N
Mean
Std. Deviation
Minimum
Maximum
perlakuan
30
3.50
1.737
1
6
ginjal kanan
30
.88297
.195603
.568
1.273
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
perlakuan
N
ginjalkanan
30
30
3.50
.88297
1.737
.195603
Absolute
.139
.137
Positive
.139
.137
Negative
-.139
-.111
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z
.764
.748
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
.604
.630
Normal Parameters
a,b
Mean
Std. Deviation
Most Extreme Differences
a. Test distribution is Normal.
b. Calculated from data.
43
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Lampiran 15. (Lanjutan)
Descriptives
ginjal kanan
95% Confidence
Interval for Mean
N
Mean
Std.
Std.
Lower
Upper
Deviation
Error
Bound
Bound
Minimum Maximum
kontrol
5
.66300
.060403 .027013
.58800
.73800
.568
.735
dosis
5
.72500
.063344 .028328
.64635
.80365
.665
.799
5
.83600
.051342 .022961
.77225
.89975
.779
.890
5
.87340
.053482 .023918
.80699
.93981
.846
.969
5
.96020
.034098 .015249
.91786 1.00254
.919
1.000
.039341 .017594 1.19135 1.28905
1.194
1.273
.568
1.273
1000mg/kg
dosis 2000
mg/kg
dosis 4000
mg/kg
dosis 8000
mg/kg
dosis
5 1.24020
16000
mg/kg
Total
30
.88297
.195603 .035712
.80993
.95601
ANOVA
ginjal kanan
Sum of Squares
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
df
Mean Square
1.046
5
.209
.063
24
.003
1.110
29
F
79.110
Sig.
.000
44
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Lampiran 15. (Lanjutan)
Multiple Comparisons
ginjalkanan
Tukey HSD
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
Difference
Std.
Error
Upper
Bound
Bound
(I) perlakuan
(J) perlakuan
(I-J)
kontrol
dosis 1000mg/kg
-.062000
.032525
.423
-.16256
.03856
dosis 2000mg/kg
-.173000
*
.032525
.000
-.27356
-.07244
dosis 4000mg/kg
-.210400
*
.032525
.000
-.31096
-.10984
dosis 8000mg/kg
-.297200*
.032525
.000
-.39776
-.19664
*
.032525
.000
-.67776
-.47664
.062000
.032525
.423
-.03856
.16256
dosis 2000mg/kg
-.111000
*
.032525
.025
-.21156
-.01044
dosis 4000mg/kg
-.148400*
.032525
.002
-.24896
-.04784
dosis 8000mg/kg
-.235200
*
.032525
.000
-.33576
-.13464
-.515200
*
.032525
.000
-.61576
-.41464
.173000
*
.032525
.000
.07244
.27356
dosis1000mg/kg
.111000
*
.032525
.025
.01044
.21156
dosis4000 mg/kg
-.037400
.032525
.855
-.13796
.06316
dosis8000 mg/kg
-.124200
*
.032525
.010
-.22476
-.02364
dosis16000mg/g
-.404200*
.032525
.000
-.50476
-.30364
.210400
*
.032525
.000
.10984
.31096
.148400
*
.032525
.002
.04784
.24896
dosis 2000mg/kg
.037400
.032525
.855
-.06316
.13796
dosis 8000mg/kg
-.086800
.032525
.119
-.18736
.01376
-.366800
*
.032525
.000
-.46736
-.26624
.297200
*
.032525
.000
.19664
.39776
dosis1000mg/kg
.235200
*
.032525
.000
.13464
.33576
dosis2000 mg/kg
.124200*
.032525
.010
.02364
.22476
dosis4000 mg/kg
.086800
.032525
.119
-.01376
.18736
-.280000
*
.032525
.000
-.38056
-.17944
.577200
*
.032525
.000
.47664
.67776
dosis1000mg/kg
.515200
*
.032525
.000
.41464
.61576
dosis2000 mg/kg
.404200*
.032525
.000
.30364
.50476
dosis4000 mg/kg
*
.032525
.000
.26624
.46736
dosis16000mg/g
dosis 1000mg/kg
kontrol
dosis16000mg/g
dosis 2000mg/kg
dosis 4000mg/kg
kontrol
kontrol
dosis1000mg/kg
dosis16000mg/g
dosis 8000mg/kg
kontrol
dosis16000mg/g
dosis16000mg/k
g
kontrol
-.577200
.366800
Sig.
Lower
45
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 15. (Lanjutan)
ginjal kanan
Tukey HSD
a
Subset for alpha = 0.05
perlakuan
N
1
2
3
kontrol
5
.66300
dosis 1000mg/kg
5
.72500
dosis 2000 mg/kg
5
.83600
dosis 4000 mg/kg
5
.87340
dosis 8000 mg/kg
5
dosis 16000 mg/kg
5
Sig.
4
.87340
.96020
1.24020
.423
.855
.119
1.000
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 5.000.
46
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 16. Hasil analisis spss berat organ ginjal kiri
Descriptive Statistics
N
Mean
Std. Deviation
Minimum
Maximum
perlakuan
30
3.50
1.737
1
6
ginjal kiri
30
.87327
.185529
.585
1.297
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
perlakuan
N
ginjalkiri
30
30
3.50
.87327
1.737
.185529
Absolute
.139
.160
Positive
.139
.160
Negative
-.139
-.092
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z
.764
.878
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
.604
.424
Normal Parameters
a,b
Mean
Std. Deviation
Most Extreme Differences
a. Test distribution is Normal.
b. Calculated from data.
47
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 16. (Lanjutan)
Descriptives
ginjalkiri
95% Confidence
Interval for Mean
N
Mean
Std.
Std.
Lower
Upper
Deviation
Error
Bound
Bound
Minimum Maximum
kontrol
5
.68400
.070452 .031507
.59652
.77148
.585
.778
dosis1000mg/kg
5
.72040
.067267 .030083
.63688
.80392
.661
.800
dosis2000mg/kg
5
.82200
.049188 .021998
.76092
.88308
.765
.872
dosis4000mg/kg
5
.86520
.044651 .019968
.80976
.92064
.843
.945
dosis 8000mg/kg
5
.95020
.028119 .012575
.91529
.98511
.913
.974
5 1.19780
.135854 .060756
1.02912
1.36648
.966
1.297
.185529 .033873
.80399
.94254
.585
1.297
dosis16000mg/kg
Total
30
.87327
ANOVA
ginjalkiri
Sum of Squares
df
Mean Square
Between Groups
.866
5
.173
Within Groups
.133
24
.006
Total
.998
29
F
31.336
Sig.
.000
48
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 16. (Lanjutan)
Multiple Comparisons
ginjalkiri
Tukey HSD
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
Difference
Bound
Bound
(J) perlakuan
(I-J)
kontrol
dosis1000mg/kg
-.036400
.047010
.969
-.18175
.10895
dosis2000mg/kg
-.138000
.047010
.070
-.28335
.00735
dosis 4000mg/kg
-.181200
*
.047010
.009
-.32655
-.03585
dosis 8000mg/kg
-.266200*
.047010
.000
-.41155
-.12085
*
.047010
.000
-.65915
-.36845
.036400
.047010
.969
-.10895
.18175
dosis2000mg/kg
-.101600
.047010
.292
-.24695
.04375
dosis 4000mg/kg
-.144800
.047010
.051
-.29015
.00055
dosis 8000mg/kg
-.229800
*
.047010
.001
-.37515
-.08445
dosis16000mg/kg
-.477400*
.047010
.000
-.62275
-.33205
kontrol
.138000
.047010
.070
-.00735
.28335
dosis1000mg/kg
.101600
.047010
.292
-.04375
.24695
dosis 4000mg/kg
-.043200
.047010
.938
-.18855
.10215
dosis 8000mg/kg
-.128200
.047010
.106
-.27355
.01715
-.375800
*
.047010
.000
-.52115
-.23045
.181200
*
.047010
.009
.03585
.32655
dosis1000mg/kg
.144800
.047010
.051
-.00055
.29015
dosis2000mg/kg
.043200
.047010
.938
-.10215
.18855
dosis 8000mg/kg
-.085000
.047010
.479
-.23035
.06035
-.332600
*
.047010
.000
-.47795
-.18725
.266200
*
.047010
.000
.12085
.41155
dosis1000mg/kg
.229800*
.047010
.001
.08445
.37515
dosis2000mg/kg
.128200
.047010
.106
-.01715
.27355
dosis 4000mg/kg
.085000
.047010
.479
-.06035
.23035
*
.047010
.000
-.39295
-.10225
.513800*
.047010
.000
.36845
.65915
dosis1000mg/kg
.477400
*
.047010
.000
.33205
.62275
dosis2000mg/kg
.375800*
.047010
.000
.23045
.52115
*
.047010
.000
.18725
.47795
dosis1000mg/kg
dosis2000mg/kg
kontrol
dosis16000mg/kg
dosis 4000mg/kg kontrol
dosis16000mg/kg
dosis 8000mg/kg kontrol
dosis16000mg/kg
dosis 16000mg/kg kontrol
dosis 4000mg/kg
-.513800
-.247600
.332600
Sig.
Upper
(I) perlakuan
dosis16000mg/kg
Std. Error
Lower
49
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 16. (Lanjutan)
ginjal kiri
a
Tukey HSD
Subset for alpha = 0.05
perlakuan
N
1
2
3
4
kontrol
5
.68400
dosis1000mg/kg
5
.72040
.72040
dosis2000mg/kg
5
.82200
.82200
.82200
dosis 4000mg/kg
5
.86520
.86520
dosis 8000mg/kg
5
dosis 16000mg/kg
5
Sig.
.95020
1.19780
.070
.051
.106
1.000
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 5.000.
50
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95
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 2. Gambar tumbuhan, simplisia dan serbuk simplisia bunga pepaya
jantan (Carica papaya L.)
Tumbuhan pepaya jantan
96
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Simplisia bunga pepaya jantan
Serbuk simplisia bunga pepaya jantan
Lampiran 3. Bagan pembuatan ekstrak
Serbuk
simplisia
Dimasukkan ke dalam bejana
Ditambah pelarut etanol 80 %
Dibiarkan selama 5 hari terlindung dari
cahaya sambil sesekali di aduk
Diserkai, diperas
Maserat I
Ampas
Dicuci dengan
pelarut etanol 80 %
Dipindahkan ke
dalam bejana
tertutup
Dibiarkan di tempat
sejuk, terlindung
dari cahaya selama
2 hari
Dienap tuangkan
dan di saring
Maserat II
Ampas
97
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Digabung
Dipekatkan dengan alat rotary evaporator
o
40 C
Dikeringkan dengan alat freeze dryer -40oC
Ekstrak kental
Lampiran 4. Bagan alur penelitian uji toksisitas akut
EEBPJ
Hewan uji
(mencit)
P1:
Kontrol,
diberi
akuades
P2:
Perlakuan,
diberi
EEBPJ
dosis 1000
mg/kg bb
P3:
Perlakuan,
diberi
EEBPJ
dosis 2000
mg/kg bb
P4:
Perlakuan,
diberi
EEBPJ
dosis 4000
mg/kg bb
P5:
Perlakuan,
diberi
EEBPJ
dosis 8000
mg/kg bb
P6:
Perlakuan,
diberi
EEBPJ
dosis
16000
mg/kg bb
Pengamatan 14 hari
Gejala
toksik
Kematian
Berat
Berat
badan
98
organ
Makropatologi
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 5. Contoh perhitungan dosis
Berat badan mencit 35 g dengan dosis EEBPJ 1000 mg/kg bb
Dosis
=
= 1000 mg/kg bb
1000 mg
1000 g
x 35 g
= 35 mg
Konsentrasi ekstrak yang dibuat 25% = 25 g/100 ml
= 25000 mg/100 ml
= 250 mg/ml
Jumlah obat yang disuntikkan
=
35 mg
250 mg /ml
= 0,14 ml
99
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 6. Konversi perhitungan dosis dari mencit terhadap manusia
Mencit
20 g
Tikus
200 g
Marmot
400 g
Kelinci
1,5 kg
Kera
4 kg
Anjing
12 kg
Manusia
70 kg
Mencit
20 g
1,0
Tikus
200 g
7,0
Marmot
400 g
Kelinci
1,5 kg
12,25
0,14
1,0
0,08
27,8
Kera
4 kg
64,1
Anjing
12 kg
124,2
Manusia
70 kg
387,9
1,74
3,9
9,2
17,8
56,0
0,57
1,0
2,25
5,2
10,2
31,5
0,04
0,25
0,44
1,0
2,4
4,5
14,2
0,016
0,11
0,19
0,42
1,0
1,9
6,1
0,008
0,06
0,10
0,22
0,52
1,0
3,1
0,0026
0,018
0,031
0,07
0,16
0,32
1,0
(Donatus, 1996)
Dosis pemberian EEBJP pada mencit yaitu 1000 mg/kg BB.
Maka, berat ekstrak yang diberikan untuk mencit dengan berat 35 gram
yaitu :
Berat EEBJP pada mencit =
35 g
× 1000 mg = 35 mg
1000 g
Faktor konversi dari dosis pada mencit berat 35 gram terhadap manusia
dengan berat 70 kg adalah 387,9, maka dosis yang harus diberikan kepada
manusia untuk memberikan efek yang sama yaitu:
Berat EEBJP pada manusia = 35 mg × 387,9 = 13576,5 mg
= 13,5765 g
100
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Pada pengerjaan sampel (bunga jantan pepaya), dari berat basah 3000
gram diperoleh berat ekstrak kental sebanyak 31,5 gram
Maka, untuk memperoleh ekstrak kental 13,5765 g dibutuhkan bunga
pepaya segar sebanyak :
31,5 g
13,5765 g
=
3000 g
�g
� = 1,293 kg
Jadi, untuk memberikan efek yang sama dengan EEBJP dosis 1000
mg/kg BB, kita harus mengkonsumsi bunga pepaya segar kira-kira 1,293 kg .
101
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Lampiran 7. Hasil uji pendahuluan (orientasi)
1. Hasil pengamatan kematian
Kelompok
Jumlah mencit
Jumlah kematian
P1
2
0
P2
2
0
P3
2
0
P4
2
0
P5
2
0
Keterangan: P = perlakuan; 1 = kontrol; 2, 3, 4 dan 5 = dosis 100, 200, 400 dan
800 mg/kg bb; bb = berat badan
2. Hasil pengamatan gejala klinis
Kelompok
P1
Kejang
-
Diare
-
Salivasi
-
Lemas
-
Tidur
-
Koma
-
P2
P3
P4
P5
-
-
-
-
-
-
Keterangan: P = perlakuan; 1 = kontrol; 2, 3, 4 dan 5 = dosis 100, 200, 400 dan
800 mg/kg bb; bb = berat badan
102
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Lampiran 8. Gambar alat yang digunakan
Oral sonde dan spuit
Gunting bedah dan pinset
103
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 9. Gambar hewan percobaan yang digunakan
Mencit
Pembedahan mencit
104
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 10. Gambar perbandingan organ antar kelompok
Gambar organ hati
a.
d.
b.
e.
c.
f.
105
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Keterangan: a, kontrol diberi akuades, b, c, d, e dan f berturut-turut diberi
dengan EEBPJ dosis 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000 dan 16000 mg/kg bb
Gambar organ ginjal
a.
d.
b.
e.
c.
f.
51
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Keterangan: a, kontrol diberi akuades, b, c, d, e dan f berturut-turut diberi
dengan EEBPJ dosis 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000 dan 16000 mg/kg bb
29
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 11. Tabel perhitungan LD50 dengan jumlah hewan 5 menurut
Thomson dan Weil
Harga r
F
δf
Harga r
F
δf
0,0,3,5
0,90000
0,24493
0,3,4,5
0,10000
0,31623
0,0,4,5
0,70000
0,20000
1,0,3,5
0,87500
0,30778
0,0,5,5
0,50000
0,00000
0,3,4,4
0,12500
0,39652
0,1,2,5
0,90000
0,31623
1,0,4,4
0,83333
0,43744
0,1,3,5
0,70000
0,31623
1,0,5,4
0,50000
0,23700
0,1,4,5
0,50000
0,28284
1,1,3,4
0,83333
0,59835
1,0,5,5
0,30000
0,20000
1,1,4,4
0,50000
0,52705
1,0,4,5
0,62500
0,26700
1,1,5,4
0,16667
0,43744
1,1,2,5
0,87500
0,39652
1,2,3,4
0,50000
0,62361
1,1,3,5
0,62500
0,40625
1,2,4,4
0,16667
0,59834
1,1,4,5
0,37500
0,38654
1,3,3,4
0,16667
0,64310
1,1,5,5
0,12500
0,33219
2,0,4,4
0,75000
0,64348
1,2,2,5
0,62500
0,44304
2,0,5,4
0,25000
0,45798
1,2,3,5
0,37500
0,46034
2,1,3,4
0,75000
0,88829
1,2,4,5
0,12500
0,45178
2,1,4,4
0,25000
0,85239
1,3,3,5
0,12500
0,48513
2,2,2,4
0,75000
0,95607
2,0,3,5
0,83333
0,41388
2,2,3,4
0,25000
0,98821
2,0,4,5
0,50000
0,39087
0,0,5,3
0,83333
0,34021
2,0,4,5
0,16667
0,34021
0,1,4,3
0,83333
0,58134
2,1,2,5
0,83333
0,53142
0,1,5,3
0,50000
0,39087
2,1,3,5
0,50000
0,56519
0,2,3,3
0,83333
0,67013
2,1,4,5
0,16667
0,58134
0,2,4,3
0,50000
0,56519
2,2,2,5
0,50000
0,61237
0,2,5,3
0,16667
0,41388
2,2,3,5
0,16667
0,67013
0,3,3,3
0,50000
0,61237
0,0,4,4
0,87500
0,33219
0,3,4,3
0,16667
0,53142
0,0,5,4
0,62500
0,15625
1,0,5,3
0,75000
0,47593
0,1,3,4
0,87500
0,45178
1,1,4,3
0,75000
0,85239
30
Universitas Sumatera Utara
0,1,4,4
0,62500
0,38654
1,1,5,3
0,25000
0,64348
0,1,5,4
0,37500
0,26700
1,2,3,3
0,75000
0,98821
0,2,2,4
0,87500
0,48513
1,3,3,3
0,25000
0,95067
0,2,3,4
0,62500
0,46034
2,0,5,3
0,50000
0,86602
0,2,4,4
0,37500
0,40625
0,1,5,2
0,75000
0,67892
0,2,5,4
0,12500
0,30778
0,2,4,2
0,25000
0,91430
0,3,3,4
0,37500
0,44304
0,2,5,2
0,75000
0,63122
0,2,2,5
0,70000
0,34610
0,3,4,2
0,50000
0,80526
0,2,3,5
0,50000
0,34610
1,1,5,2
0,50000
127,475
0,2,4,5
0,30000
0,31623
1,2,4,2
0,50000
176,777
0,2,5,5
0,10000
0,24495
1,3,3,2
0,50000
190,394
0,3,3,5
0,30000
0,34641
0,2,5,1
0,50000
165,831
31
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 12. Perhitungan LD50 dengan metode Thomson dan Weil
Rumus: Log m = log D + d (f + 1)
Dimana :
D = 2000 mg/kg
d =2
r = 0,0,3 dan 5
f = dari tabel untuk r (kematian dalam kelompok uji) = 0,900
Log m = log D + log d (f + 1)
= log 2000 + log 2 (0.900 +1)
= 3,30 + 0,3 (0,900 + 1)
= 3,87
LD50
= anti log m
= anti log 3,87
= 7413,10 mg/kg
32
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 13. Hasil analisis spss berat badan
Descriptive Statistics
Std.
N
Mean
Minimu
Deviation
Maximu
m
m
perlakuan
30
3.50
1.737
1
6
BBharike0
30
35.233
1.3951
32.2
37.8
BBharike6
24
36.338
1.9622
33.0
39.9
BBharike12
22
35.909
2.2352
32.5
40.4
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
perlakua
BBharike
BBharike
BBhari
n
0
6
ke12
N
30
30
24
22
3.50
35.233
36.338
35.909
1.737
1.3951
1.9622
2.2352
.139
.195
.087
.167
Positive
.139
.086
.077
.167
Negative
-.139
-.195
-.087
-.167
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z
.764
1.070
.424
.785
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
.604
.203
.994
.568
Normal
Parameters
Mean
a,b
Most
Std. Deviation
Extreme Absolute
Differences
a. Test distribution is Normal.
b. Calculated from data.
33
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 13. (Lanjutan)
Descriptives
BBharike0
BBharike6
BBharike1
2
kontrol
N
5
1000mg/kg
5
2000mg/kg
5
4000mg/kg
5
8000mg/kg
5
16000mg/k
g
Total
5
30
kontrol
5
1000mg/kg
5
2000mg/kg
5
4000mg/kg
5
8000mg/kg
3
16000mg/k
g
Total
1
24
kontrol
5
1000mg/kg
5
2000mg/kg
5
4000mg/kg
5
8000mg/kg
2
16000mg/k
g
Total
0
22
Std.
Mean Deviation
35.44
1.4690
0
36.12
1.3180
0
34.40
1.8802
0
35.40
1.7734
0
34.74
.8142
0
35.30
.7906
0
35.23
1.3951
3
36.16
1.7213
0
37.68
2.4974
0
35.64
2.1185
0
36.56
2.1594
0
35.40
.3606
0
35.70
.
0
36.33
1.9622
8
35.88
1.7838
0
36.80
3.2101
0
35.22
1.9383
0
36.50
2.2394
0
34.00
.7071
0
.
.
Std.
Error
.6570
35.90
9
.4765
2.2352
.5894
.8408
.7931
.3641
.3536
.2547
.7698
1.116
9
.9474
.9657
.2082
.
.4005
.7977
1.435
6
.8668
1.001
5
.5000
.
95%
Confidence
Interval for
Mean
Lowe
r
Upper
Bound Bound
33.61 37.26
6
4
34.48 37.75
4
6
32.06 36.73
5
5
33.19 37.60
8
2
33.72 35.75
9
1
34.31 36.28
8
2
34.71 35.75
2
4
34.02 38.29
3
7
34.57 40.78
9
1
33.01 38.27
0
0
33.87 39.24
9
1
34.50 36.29
4
6
.
.
Minimu
m
32.9
Maximu
m
36.7
35.1
37.8
32.2
36.3
32.3
36.6
33.8
35.7
34.0
36.1
32.2
37.8
33.2
37.5
34.4
39.9
33.1
37.6
33.0
38.5
35.0
35.7
35.7
35.7
35.50
9
33.66
5
32.81
4
32.81
3
33.71
9
27.64
7
.
37.16
6
38.09
5
40.78
6
37.62
7
39.28
1
40.35
3
.
33.0
39.9
32.9
37.5
33.4
40.4
32.9
37.4
32.5
37.6
33.5
34.5
.
.
34.91
8
36.90
0
32.5
40.4
34
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 13. (Lanjutan)
ANOVA
Sum of
Mean
Squares
BBharike0
Between
df
Square
F
8.995
5
1.799
Within Groups
47.452
24
1.977
Total
56.447
29
Between
14.892
5
2.978
Within Groups
73.664
18
4.092
Total
88.556
23
BBharike1
Between
15.382
4
3.846
4
Groups
89.536
17
5.267
104.918
21
Sig.
.910
.491
.728
.612
.730
.584
Groups
BBharike7
Groups
Within Groups
Total
35
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 13. (Lanjutan)
Tukey HSD
95% Confidence
Interval
Mean
Dependent
Difference
Std.
(I-J)
Error
Upper
Bound
Bound
Variable
(I) perlakuan
(J) perlakuan
BBharike0
kontrol
1000mg/kg
-.6800 .8893
.971
-3.430
2.070
2000mg/kg
1.0400 .8893
.847
-1.710
3.790
4000mg/kg
.0400 .8893 1.000
-2.710
2.790
8000mg/kg
.7000 .8893
.967
-2.050
3.450
16000mg/kg
.1400 .8893 1.000
-2.610
2.890
kontrol
.6800 .8893
.971
-2.070
3.430
2000mg/kg
1.7200 .8893
.407
-1.030
4.470
4000mg/kg
.7200 .8893
.963
-2.030
3.470
8000mg/kg
1.3800 .8893
.636
-1.370
4.130
16000mg/kg
.8200 .8893
.937
-1.930
3.570
kontrol
-1.0400 .8893
.847
-3.790
1.710
1000mg/kg
-1.7200 .8893
.407
-4.470
1.030
4000mg/kg
-1.0000 .8893
.866
-3.750
1.750
8000mg/kg
-.3400 .8893
.999
-3.090
2.410
16000mg/kg
-.9000 .8893
.909
-3.650
1.850
kontrol
-.0400 .8893 1.000
-2.790
2.710
1000mg/kg
-.7200 .8893
.963
-3.470
2.030
2000mg/kg
1.0000 .8893
.866
-1.750
3.750
8000mg/kg
.6600 .8893
.974
-2.090
3.410
16000mg/kg
.1000 .8893 1.000
-2.650
2.850
1000mg/kg
2000mg/kg
4000mg/kg
8000mg/kg
16000mg/kg
kontrol
Sig.
Lower
-.7000 .8893
.967
-3.450
2.050
1000mg/kg
-1.3800 .8893
.636
-4.130
1.370
2000mg/kg
.3400 .8893
.999
-2.410
3.090
4000mg/kg
-.6600 .8893
.974
-3.410
2.090
16000mg/kg
-.5600 .8893
.988
-3.310
2.190
kontrol
-.1400 .8893 1.000
-2.890
2.610
1000mg/kg
-.8200 .8893
.937
-3.570
1.930
2000mg/kg
.9000 .8893
.909
-1.850
3.650
-.1000 .8893 1.000
-2.850
2.650
-2.190
3.310
4000mg/kg
8000mg/kg
.5600 .8893
.988
36
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 13. (Lanjutan)
Multiple Comparisons
Tukey HSD
95% Confidence
Interval
Mean
Dependent
(I)
(J)
Differenc
Std.
Variable
perlakuan
perlakuan
e (I-J)
Error
BBharike7
kontrol
1000mg/kg
-1.5200 1.3547
.682
-5.396
2.356
2000mg/kg
.5200 1.3547
.980
-3.356
4.396
4000mg/kg
-.4000 1.3547
.991
-4.276
3.476
1.5200 1.3547
.682
-2.356
5.396
2000mg/kg
2.0400 1.3547
.457
-1.836
5.916
4000mg/kg
1.1200 1.3547
.841
-2.756
4.996
-.5200 1.3547
.980
-4.396
3.356
1000mg/kg
-2.0400 1.3547
.457
-5.916
1.836
4000mg/kg
-.9200 1.3547
.903
-4.796
2.956
.4000 1.3547
.991
-3.476
4.276
1000mg/kg
-1.1200 1.3547
.841
-4.996
2.756
2000mg/kg
.9200 1.3547
.903
-2.956
4.796
1000mg/kg
-.9200 1.4919
.925
-5.188
3.348
2000mg/kg
.6600 1.4919
.970
-3.608
4.928
4000mg/kg
-.6200 1.4919
.975
-4.888
3.648
.9200 1.4919
.925
-3.348
5.188
2000mg/kg
1.5800 1.4919
.718
-2.688
5.848
4000mg/kg
.3000 1.4919
.997
-3.968
4.568
-.6600 1.4919
.970
-4.928
3.608
1000mg/kg
-1.5800 1.4919
.718
-5.848
2.688
4000mg/kg
-1.2800 1.4919
.826
-5.548
2.988
.6200 1.4919
.975
-3.648
4.888
1000mg/kg
-.3000 1.4919
.997
-4.568
3.968
2000mg/kg
1.2800 1.4919
.826
-2.988
5.548
1000mg/kg kontrol
2000mg/kg kontrol
4000mg/kg kontrol
BBharike14
kontrol
1000mg/kg kontrol
2000mg/kg kontrol
4000mg/kg kontrol
Sig.
Lower
Upper
Bound
Bound
37
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 14. Hasil analisis spss berat organ hati
Descriptive Statistics
N
Mean
Std. Deviation
Minimum
Maximum
dosis
30
3.50
1.737
1
6
berathati
30
5.58170
1.051051
3.667
7.221
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
dosis
N
berathati
30
30
3.50
5.58170
1.737
1.051051
Absolute
.139
.107
Positive
.139
.079
Negative
-.139
-.107
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z
.764
.588
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
.604
.879
Normal Parameters
a,b
Mean
Std. Deviation
Most Extreme Differences
a. Test distribution is Normal.
b. Calculated from data.
38
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 14. (Lanjutan)
Descriptives
berat organ hati
95% Confidence
Interval for Mean
N
Mean
Std.
Std.
Lower
Upper
Deviation
Error
Bound
Bound Minimum Maximum
kontrol
5 3.94960
.297001 .132823 3.58083 4.31837
3.667
4.382
1000mg/kg
5 4.89640
.581322 .259975 4.17459 5.61821
4.189
5.563
2000mg/kg
5 5.48560
.305341 .136553 5.10647 5.86473
5.142
5.814
4000mg/kg
5 5.82400
.316616 .141595 5.43087 6.21713
5.619
6.385
8000mg/kg
5 6.34840
.354190 .158399 5.90861 6.78819
5.790
6.686
16000mg/kg
5 6.98620
.248656 .111202 6.67745 7.29495
6.628
7.221
30 5.58170 1.051051 .191895 5.18923 5.97417
3.667
7.221
Total
ANOVA
berathati
Sum of Squares
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
df
Mean Square
28.809
5
5.762
3.228
24
.134
32.037
29
F
42.844
Sig.
.000
39
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 14. (Lanjutan)
Multiple Comparisons
Tukey HSD
95% Confidence
Interval
Mean
Difference (IJ)
Std. Error
Sig.
Lower
Upper
Bound
Bound
(I) dosis
(J) dosis
kontrol
1000mg/kgbb
-.946800*
.231935
.005
-1.66393
-.22967
2000mg/kgbb
-1.536000*
.231935
.000
-2.25313
-.81887
4000mg/kgbb
-1.874400*
.231935
.000
-2.59153
1.15727
8000mg/kgbb
-2.398800*
.231935
.000
-3.11593
1.68167
16000mg/kgbb
-3.036600*
.231935
.000
-3.75373
2.31947
1000mg/kgbb
kontrol
.946800*
.231935
.005
.22967
1.66393
2000mg/kgbb
-.589200
.231935
.152
-1.30633
.12793
4000mg/kgbb
-.927600*
.231935
.006
-1.64473
-.21047
8000mg/kgbb
-1.452000*
.231935
.000
-2.16913
-.73487
16000mg/kgbb
-2.089800*
.231935
.000
-2.80693
1.37267
2000mg/kgbb
4000mg/kgbb
1.536000*
.231935
.000
.81887
2.25313
1000mg/kgbb
.589200
.231935
.152
-.12793
1.30633
4000mg/kgbb
-.338400
.231935
.692
-1.05553
.37873
8000mg/kgbb
-.862800*
.231935
.012
-1.57993
-.14567
16000mg/kgbb
-1.500600*
.231935
.000
-2.21773
-.78347
1.874400*
.231935
.000
1.15727
2.59153
1000mg/kgbb
.927600*
.231935
.006
.21047
1.64473
2000mg/kgbb
.338400
.231935
.692
-.37873
1.05553
8000mg/kgbb
-.524400
.231935
.248
-1.24153
.19273
kontrol
kontrol
40
Universitas Sumatera Utara
-1.162200*
.231935
.001
-1.87933
-.44507
kontrol
2.398800*
.231935
.000
1.68167
3.11593
1000mg/kgbb
1.452000*
.231935
.000
.73487
2.16913
2000mg/kgbb
.862800*
.231935
.012
.14567
1.57993
4000mg/kgbb
.524400
.231935
.248
-.19273
1.24153
16000mg/kgbb
-.637800
.231935
.102
-1.35493
.07933
kontrol
3.036600*
.231935
.000
2.31947
3.75373
1000mg/kgbb
2.089800*
.231935
.000
1.37267
2.80693
2000mg/kgbb
1.500600*
.231935
.000
.78347
2.21773
4000mg/kgbb
1.162200*
.231935
.001
.44507
1.87933
16000mg/kgbb
8000mg/kgbb
16000mg/kgbb
41
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 14. (Lanjutan)
berat organ hati
Tukey HSD
a
Subset for alpha = 0.05
dosis
N
1
2
3
kontrol
5
1000mg/kgbb
5
4.89640
2000mg/kgbb
5
5.48560
4000mg/kgbb
5
8000mg/kgbb
5
16000mg/kgbb
5
Sig.
4
5
3.94960
5.48560
5.82400
5.82400
6.34840
6.34840
6.98620
1.000
.152
.692
.248
.102
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 5.000.
42
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 15. Hasil analisis spss berat organ ginjal kanan
Descriptive Statistics
N
Mean
Std. Deviation
Minimum
Maximum
perlakuan
30
3.50
1.737
1
6
ginjal kanan
30
.88297
.195603
.568
1.273
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
perlakuan
N
ginjalkanan
30
30
3.50
.88297
1.737
.195603
Absolute
.139
.137
Positive
.139
.137
Negative
-.139
-.111
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z
.764
.748
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
.604
.630
Normal Parameters
a,b
Mean
Std. Deviation
Most Extreme Differences
a. Test distribution is Normal.
b. Calculated from data.
43
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 15. (Lanjutan)
Descriptives
ginjal kanan
95% Confidence
Interval for Mean
N
Mean
Std.
Std.
Lower
Upper
Deviation
Error
Bound
Bound
Minimum Maximum
kontrol
5
.66300
.060403 .027013
.58800
.73800
.568
.735
dosis
5
.72500
.063344 .028328
.64635
.80365
.665
.799
5
.83600
.051342 .022961
.77225
.89975
.779
.890
5
.87340
.053482 .023918
.80699
.93981
.846
.969
5
.96020
.034098 .015249
.91786 1.00254
.919
1.000
.039341 .017594 1.19135 1.28905
1.194
1.273
.568
1.273
1000mg/kg
dosis 2000
mg/kg
dosis 4000
mg/kg
dosis 8000
mg/kg
dosis
5 1.24020
16000
mg/kg
Total
30
.88297
.195603 .035712
.80993
.95601
ANOVA
ginjal kanan
Sum of Squares
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
df
Mean Square
1.046
5
.209
.063
24
.003
1.110
29
F
79.110
Sig.
.000
44
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 15. (Lanjutan)
Multiple Comparisons
ginjalkanan
Tukey HSD
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
Difference
Std.
Error
Upper
Bound
Bound
(I) perlakuan
(J) perlakuan
(I-J)
kontrol
dosis 1000mg/kg
-.062000
.032525
.423
-.16256
.03856
dosis 2000mg/kg
-.173000
*
.032525
.000
-.27356
-.07244
dosis 4000mg/kg
-.210400
*
.032525
.000
-.31096
-.10984
dosis 8000mg/kg
-.297200*
.032525
.000
-.39776
-.19664
*
.032525
.000
-.67776
-.47664
.062000
.032525
.423
-.03856
.16256
dosis 2000mg/kg
-.111000
*
.032525
.025
-.21156
-.01044
dosis 4000mg/kg
-.148400*
.032525
.002
-.24896
-.04784
dosis 8000mg/kg
-.235200
*
.032525
.000
-.33576
-.13464
-.515200
*
.032525
.000
-.61576
-.41464
.173000
*
.032525
.000
.07244
.27356
dosis1000mg/kg
.111000
*
.032525
.025
.01044
.21156
dosis4000 mg/kg
-.037400
.032525
.855
-.13796
.06316
dosis8000 mg/kg
-.124200
*
.032525
.010
-.22476
-.02364
dosis16000mg/g
-.404200*
.032525
.000
-.50476
-.30364
.210400
*
.032525
.000
.10984
.31096
.148400
*
.032525
.002
.04784
.24896
dosis 2000mg/kg
.037400
.032525
.855
-.06316
.13796
dosis 8000mg/kg
-.086800
.032525
.119
-.18736
.01376
-.366800
*
.032525
.000
-.46736
-.26624
.297200
*
.032525
.000
.19664
.39776
dosis1000mg/kg
.235200
*
.032525
.000
.13464
.33576
dosis2000 mg/kg
.124200*
.032525
.010
.02364
.22476
dosis4000 mg/kg
.086800
.032525
.119
-.01376
.18736
-.280000
*
.032525
.000
-.38056
-.17944
.577200
*
.032525
.000
.47664
.67776
dosis1000mg/kg
.515200
*
.032525
.000
.41464
.61576
dosis2000 mg/kg
.404200*
.032525
.000
.30364
.50476
dosis4000 mg/kg
*
.032525
.000
.26624
.46736
dosis16000mg/g
dosis 1000mg/kg
kontrol
dosis16000mg/g
dosis 2000mg/kg
dosis 4000mg/kg
kontrol
kontrol
dosis1000mg/kg
dosis16000mg/g
dosis 8000mg/kg
kontrol
dosis16000mg/g
dosis16000mg/k
g
kontrol
-.577200
.366800
Sig.
Lower
45
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 15. (Lanjutan)
ginjal kanan
Tukey HSD
a
Subset for alpha = 0.05
perlakuan
N
1
2
3
kontrol
5
.66300
dosis 1000mg/kg
5
.72500
dosis 2000 mg/kg
5
.83600
dosis 4000 mg/kg
5
.87340
dosis 8000 mg/kg
5
dosis 16000 mg/kg
5
Sig.
4
.87340
.96020
1.24020
.423
.855
.119
1.000
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 5.000.
46
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 16. Hasil analisis spss berat organ ginjal kiri
Descriptive Statistics
N
Mean
Std. Deviation
Minimum
Maximum
perlakuan
30
3.50
1.737
1
6
ginjal kiri
30
.87327
.185529
.585
1.297
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
perlakuan
N
ginjalkiri
30
30
3.50
.87327
1.737
.185529
Absolute
.139
.160
Positive
.139
.160
Negative
-.139
-.092
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z
.764
.878
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
.604
.424
Normal Parameters
a,b
Mean
Std. Deviation
Most Extreme Differences
a. Test distribution is Normal.
b. Calculated from data.
47
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 16. (Lanjutan)
Descriptives
ginjalkiri
95% Confidence
Interval for Mean
N
Mean
Std.
Std.
Lower
Upper
Deviation
Error
Bound
Bound
Minimum Maximum
kontrol
5
.68400
.070452 .031507
.59652
.77148
.585
.778
dosis1000mg/kg
5
.72040
.067267 .030083
.63688
.80392
.661
.800
dosis2000mg/kg
5
.82200
.049188 .021998
.76092
.88308
.765
.872
dosis4000mg/kg
5
.86520
.044651 .019968
.80976
.92064
.843
.945
dosis 8000mg/kg
5
.95020
.028119 .012575
.91529
.98511
.913
.974
5 1.19780
.135854 .060756
1.02912
1.36648
.966
1.297
.185529 .033873
.80399
.94254
.585
1.297
dosis16000mg/kg
Total
30
.87327
ANOVA
ginjalkiri
Sum of Squares
df
Mean Square
Between Groups
.866
5
.173
Within Groups
.133
24
.006
Total
.998
29
F
31.336
Sig.
.000
48
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 16. (Lanjutan)
Multiple Comparisons
ginjalkiri
Tukey HSD
95% Confidence Interval
Mean
Difference
Bound
Bound
(J) perlakuan
(I-J)
kontrol
dosis1000mg/kg
-.036400
.047010
.969
-.18175
.10895
dosis2000mg/kg
-.138000
.047010
.070
-.28335
.00735
dosis 4000mg/kg
-.181200
*
.047010
.009
-.32655
-.03585
dosis 8000mg/kg
-.266200*
.047010
.000
-.41155
-.12085
*
.047010
.000
-.65915
-.36845
.036400
.047010
.969
-.10895
.18175
dosis2000mg/kg
-.101600
.047010
.292
-.24695
.04375
dosis 4000mg/kg
-.144800
.047010
.051
-.29015
.00055
dosis 8000mg/kg
-.229800
*
.047010
.001
-.37515
-.08445
dosis16000mg/kg
-.477400*
.047010
.000
-.62275
-.33205
kontrol
.138000
.047010
.070
-.00735
.28335
dosis1000mg/kg
.101600
.047010
.292
-.04375
.24695
dosis 4000mg/kg
-.043200
.047010
.938
-.18855
.10215
dosis 8000mg/kg
-.128200
.047010
.106
-.27355
.01715
-.375800
*
.047010
.000
-.52115
-.23045
.181200
*
.047010
.009
.03585
.32655
dosis1000mg/kg
.144800
.047010
.051
-.00055
.29015
dosis2000mg/kg
.043200
.047010
.938
-.10215
.18855
dosis 8000mg/kg
-.085000
.047010
.479
-.23035
.06035
-.332600
*
.047010
.000
-.47795
-.18725
.266200
*
.047010
.000
.12085
.41155
dosis1000mg/kg
.229800*
.047010
.001
.08445
.37515
dosis2000mg/kg
.128200
.047010
.106
-.01715
.27355
dosis 4000mg/kg
.085000
.047010
.479
-.06035
.23035
*
.047010
.000
-.39295
-.10225
.513800*
.047010
.000
.36845
.65915
dosis1000mg/kg
.477400
*
.047010
.000
.33205
.62275
dosis2000mg/kg
.375800*
.047010
.000
.23045
.52115
*
.047010
.000
.18725
.47795
dosis1000mg/kg
dosis2000mg/kg
kontrol
dosis16000mg/kg
dosis 4000mg/kg kontrol
dosis16000mg/kg
dosis 8000mg/kg kontrol
dosis16000mg/kg
dosis 16000mg/kg kontrol
dosis 4000mg/kg
-.513800
-.247600
.332600
Sig.
Upper
(I) perlakuan
dosis16000mg/kg
Std. Error
Lower
49
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 16. (Lanjutan)
ginjal kiri
a
Tukey HSD
Subset for alpha = 0.05
perlakuan
N
1
2
3
4
kontrol
5
.68400
dosis1000mg/kg
5
.72040
.72040
dosis2000mg/kg
5
.82200
.82200
.82200
dosis 4000mg/kg
5
.86520
.86520
dosis 8000mg/kg
5
dosis 16000mg/kg
5
Sig.
.95020
1.19780
.070
.051
.106
1.000
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 5.000.
50
Universitas Sumatera Utara