Pemanfaatan Kulit Kerang Sebagai Koagulan untuk Purifikasi Air Rawa di Desa Gosong Telaga Barat Kecamatan Singkil Utara Kabupaten Aceh Singkil Tahun 2013

ABSTRAK

Air merupakan senyawa kimia yang sangat penting bagi kehidupan makhluk
hidup. Hasil survei awal di Desa Gosong Telaga Barat Kecamatan Singkil Utara
Kabupaten Aceh Singkil ditemukan air rawa sumur gali mengandung kadar warna
yang tinggi sebesar 176 TCU, kekeruhan 36 NTU, pH 3,57 dan kadar besi 3,2 mg/l.
Selain menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan juga menimbulkan bau serta menyebabkan
warna kuning pada dinding bak, lantai kamar mandi serta bercak kuning pada
pakaian.
Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar warna, kekeruhan,
pH dan kadar besi (Fe) air rawa sumur gali sebelum dan setelah melalui pengolahan
air secara koagulasi menggunakan larutan serbuk kulit kerang sebagai bahan
koagulan.
Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen semu dengan Rancangan Acak
Kelompok (RAK) dilakukan dengan lima konsentrasi dosis koagulan dan tiga kali
pengulangan. Objek penelitian adalah air rawa sumur gali di Desa Gosong Telaga
Barat. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling pada 1 sumur,
kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan terhadap sampel sebelum dan sesudah pengolahan.
Setelah dilakukan pengolahan dapat disimpulkan bahwa dosis koagulan yang
efektif yaitu pada konsentrasi 30 ml. Kualitas air rawa sumur gali mengalami
perbaikan, rata-rata parameter warna turun 92,8% (12,73 TCU), kekeruhan turun

sebesar 85,47% (5,23 NTU), pH air meningkat sebesar 83,75% (6,56) dan kadar besi
(Fe) turun sebesar 88,53% ( 0,367 mg/l).
Dengan demikian bagi masyarakat di Desa Gosong Telaga Barat diharapkan
agar menggunakan koagulan larutan serbuk kulit kerang sebagai alternatif untuk
memperbaiki kualitas air rawa sumur gali dan mendapatkan air yang memenuhi
syarat kesehatan.

Kata Kunci : Kualitas Air Rawa, Koagulasi Larutan Serbuk Kulit Kerang

i
Universitas Sumatera Utara

ABSTRACT

Water is a very important chemical compound for the life of living creature.
The result of feasibility survey in Desa Gosong Telaga Barat, Singkil Utara
subdistrict, Aceh Singkil District showed that the brackish water of dug wells
contained high color level of 176 TCU, turbidity of 36 NTU, pH 3,57, and iron
content (Fe) 3,2 mg/l. Not only does this chemical compound cause health problem
but also stinks as well as yellow color on the tub wall, on the bathroom floor, and

yellow spots on the clothes.
The purpose of this study was to find out the difference of color level,
turbidity, pH and Fe content in the brackish water of dug wells before and after
undergoing coagulation water treatmentusing a solution of powdered shells as
coagulation materials.
This quasi-experimental study with randomized-block design was conducted
with five concentrations of coagulant dosage and threecycles before and after
processing. The object of experiment was the brackish water of dug wells in Desa
Gosong Telaga Barat. Sample was taken from 1 (one) dug well through purposive
sampling technique then the sample was examined before and after treatment.
The conclusion is that after treatment the coagulant dosage is found to be
effective at the consentration of 30 ml. The quality of the brackish water of dug wells
is improved, the average color parameter decreases by 92,8% (12,73 TCU), the
turbidity decreases by 85, 47% (5,23 NTU), water pH increases by 83,75% (6,38)
and Fe content decreases by 88,53% (0,367 mg/l).
The communities of Desa Gosong Telaga Barat are expected to use the
coagulant made of solution of powdered shells as an alternative to improve the
quality of the brackish water of dug wells and to get the water that meets health
requirements.

Keywords: Quality of Brackish Water, Coagulation, Solution of Powdered Shells

ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara