LANDASAN TEORI DAN PROGRAM PASAR TRADISIONAL DENGAN FASILITAS, MODERN DI SEMARANG Tema Desain Arsitektur Tropis - Unika Repository
PROJEK AKHIR ARSITEKTUR
Periode LXIX, Semester Genap, Tahun 2015/2016
LANDASAN TEORI DAN PROGRAM
PASAR TRADISIONAL DENGAN FASILITAS
MODERN DI SEMARANG
Tema Desain
Arsitektur Tropis
Fokus Kajian
Pengoptimalan Sirkulasi Udara Pada Atap Sebagai Fungsi Penaungan
Perdagangan
Diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan memperoleh gelar Sarjana Arsitektur Disusun Oleh :
Umi Almuazizah 12.11.0109
Dosen Pembimbing :
Ir. CH. Koesmartadi, M.T, IAI
NIDN 0616035901
PROGRAM STUDI ARSITEKTUR
FAKULTAS ARSITEKTUR DAN DESAIN
UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK SOEGIJAPRANATA
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN
Projek Akhir Arsitektur Periode LXIX, Semester Genap, Tahun 2015 / 2016 Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Arsitektur Dan Desain Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang Judul : Pasar Tradisional dengan Fasilitas Modern di Semarang Tema Desain : Arsitektur Tropis Fokus Kajian : Pengoptimalan Sirkulasi Udara Pada Atap Sebagai Fungsi
Penaungan Perdagangan Penyusun : Umi Almuazizah NIM : 12.11.0109 Pembimbing : Ir. CH. Koesmartadi, M.T
Semarang, April 2016 Mengetahui dan Mengesahkan
Dekan Ketua
Fakultas Arsitektur dan Desain Program Studi Arsitektur Dra. B. Tyas Susanti, MA.,Ph.D Dr. Ir Krisprantono NIDN 0626076501 NIDN 0616085701
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN
Projek Akhir Arsitektur Periode LXIX, Semester Genap, Tahun 2015 / 2016 Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Arsitektur Dan Desain Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang Judul : Pasar Tradisional dengan Fasilitas Modern di Semarang Tema Desain : Arsitektur Tropis Fokus Kajian : Penyusun : Umi Almuazizah NIM : 12.11.0109 Pembimbing : Ir. CH. Koesmartadi, M.T Penguji : Ir. BPR. Gandhi, MSA
Dr.Ir. VG. Sri Rejeki, MT Ir. Afriyanto Sofyan, St.B.MT
Semarang, April 2016 Mengetahui dan Mengesahkan
Pembimbing Ir. CH. Koesmartadi, M.T
NIDN 0616035901 Penguji Penguji Penguji
Ir. BPR. Gandhi, MSA Dr.Ir. VG. Sri Rejeki, MT Ir. Afriyanto Sofyan, St.B. MT NIDN 0601035401 NIDN 0628126101 NIDN 0616046301
SURAT PERNYATAAN
Nama : Umi Almuazizah NIM : 12.11.0109 Menyatakan bahwa Landasan Teori dan Program Projek Akhir Arsitektur periode 69 Semester Genap Tahun ajaran 2015/2016 Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Arsitektur dan Desain, Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang Judul : Pasar Tradisional dengan Fasilitas Modern Di Semarang Tema Desain : Arsitektur Tropis Fokus Kajian : Pengoptimalan Sirkulasi Udara Pada Atap Sebagai Fungsi
Penaungan Perdagangan Pembimbing : Ir. CH. Koesmartadi, M.T, IAI NIDN : 0616035901 Adalah bukan karya plagiasi. Bila di kemudian hari diketemukan tindak plagiasi dalam pengusunan karya ilmiah tersebut, maka pembuat pernyataan di atas siap menerima segala konsekuensinya.
Semarang, April 2016 Penulis
Umi Almuazizah NIM. 12.11.0109
PRAKATA
Puji syukur kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa ata rahmat dan anugrah-Nya sehingga LTP Projek Akhir Arsitektur periode 69 ini dapat terselesaikan dengan baik. LTP ini yang berjudul Pasar Tradisional dengan Fasilitas Modern di Semarang yang merupakan salah satu persyaratan kelengkapan untuk Projek Akhir Arsitektur periode 69, Fakultas Arsitektur dan Desain Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang.
Penyusunan LTP ini dapat terlaksana dengan baik atas dukungan dan bantuan dari berbagai pihak. Penulis mengucapkan terimakasih kepada:
1. Ir. CH. Koesmartadi, M.T, IAI, selaku dosen pembimbing Proyek Akhir Arsitektur periode 69,
2. Dra. B. Tyas Susanti, MA.,Ph.D selaku Dekan Fakultas Arsitektur dan Desain Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang,
3. Dr. Ir. Krisprantono selaku Ketua Program Studi Arsitektur Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang,
4. Ir. FX. Bambang Suskiyatno, M.T selaku dosen koordinator Proyek Akhir Arsitektur periode 69,
5. Seluruh dosen dan teman-teman Fakultas Arsitektur dan Desain Unika Soegijapranata yang telah memberikan bantuan, ilmu, dan pengetahuan demi kelancaran Proyek Akhir Arsitektur,
6. Keluarga yang telah mendukung, mendoakan dan memberikan semangat,
7. Pihak pengelola pasar modern BSB City,
8. Dinas Pasar dan UPTD Pasar Karangayu Kota Semarang,
9. Temen- teman PAA periode 69 yang telah berjuang bersama,
10. Pihak-pihak lain yang telah membantu baik secara langsung, maupun tidak langsung dalam penyusunan LTP ini.
Dengan disusunnya LTP ini, diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran mengenai Projek Akhir Arsitektur periode 69 yang berjudul Pasar Tradisional dengan Fasilitas Modern. Semoga LTP ini dapat memberikan manfaat bagi pembaca.
Akhir kata, penulis mengucapkan Terimakasih.
Semarang, April 2016 Penulis
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................................................... i HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................................................... ii SURAT PERNYATAAN ......................................................................... iii PRAKATA .............................................................................................. iv DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................... vi DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................... xi DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................ xiii DAFTAR DIAGRAM .............................................................................. xix
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ......................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang Projek ...................................................................... 1
1.1.1 Gagasan Awal ........................................................................ 1
1.1.2 Alasan dan Motivasi Pemilihan Proyek ................................. 1
1.2 Tujuan dan Sasaran Pembahasan ................................................... 6
1.3 Lingkup Pembahasan ...................................................................... 6
1.4 Metode Pembahasan ...................................................................... 7
1.4.1 Metode Pengumpulan Data ................................................... 7
1.4.2 Metode Penyusunan dan Analisa ......................................... 8
1.4.3 Metode Pemrograman .......................................................... 9
1.4.4 Metode Perancangan Arsitektur ............................................. 10
1.5 Sistematika Pembahasan ............................................................... 10
BAB II TINJAUAN PROYEK .................................................................. 13
2.1.Tinjauan Umum ............................................................................... 13
2.1.1 Gambaran Umum ................................................................... 13
2.1.2 Latar Belakang- Perkembangan- Trend ................................. 14
2.1.3 Sasaran yang Akan Dicapai .................................................. 16
2.2. Tinjauan Khusus ............................................................................. 16
2.2.1 Terminologi ............................................................................. 17
a. Pelaku ................................................................................... 18
b. Diagram Organisasi Pengelola .............................................. 20
c. Fasilitas ................................................................................. 21
d. Peralatan Sarana/ Prasarana ................................................ 24
2.2.3 Spesifikasi dan Persyaratan Desain ....................................... 25
a. Arsitektur ............................................................................... 25
b. Fungsi Pasar ......................................................................... 27
c. Bangunan .............................................................................. 30
d. Lingkungan ............................................................................ 33
2.2.4 Deskripsi Konteks Desa/ Kota ................................................ 33
a. Lokasi ..................................................................................... 33
b. Urgensi- Relevansi proyek di Kota Semarang ....................... 35
c. Urban Issue ............................................................................ 36
2.2.5 Studi Banding/ Komparasi Kasus Proyek Sejenis ................... 37
a. Pasar Modern BSD City ......................................................... 37
b. Analisis Kelebihan dan kekurangan Proyek Sejenis ............... 46
c. Pasar Modern Paramount ....................................................... 46
d. Analisis Kelebihan dan kekurangan Proyek Sejenis .............. 47
2.2.6 Permasalahan Desain ............................................................ 47
2.3. Kesimpulan, Batasan dan Anggapan ............................................. 48
2.3.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................. 48
2.3.2 Batasan ................................................................................... 49
2.3.1 Anggapan ............................................................................... 49
BAB III ANALISA PENDEKATAN PROGRAM ARSITEKTUR ................ 50
3.3.1 Studi Aktivitas ......................................................................... 50
a. Pengelompokan Pelaku .......................................................... 50
b. Pengelompokan Aktivitas ........................................................ 51
c. Studi Perilaku dan Pembeli .................................................... 63
d. Pola Kegiatan ......................................................................... 65
e. Pengelompokan Pedagang Berdasarkan Jenis Dagangan ..... 68
f. Perhitungan Jumlah Pelaku ..................................................... 69
3.2 Studi Fasilitas .................................................................................. 75
a. Pengelompokan Ruang dan Sifat ............................................ 75
b. Persyaratan Ruang ................................................................. 77
c. Pola Hubungan Ruang ............................................................ 80
d. Zonasi Pasar ........................................................................... 80
e. Studi Ruang Khusus ............................................................... 81
f. Perhitungan Ruang Parkir ........................................................ 88
f. Studi Besaran Ruang .............................................................. 91
g. Fasilitas Difabel ....................................................................... 94
h. Studi Citra Arsitektural ............................................................ 97
3.2 Analisa Pendekatan Sistem Bangunan ........................................... 98
3.2.1 Studi Sistem Struktur dan Enclosure ..................................... 98
3.2.2 Studi Sistem Utilitas ............................................................... 110
3.2.3 Studi Pemanfaatan Teknologi ................................................ 123
3.3 Analisa Pendekatan Konteks Lingkungan ....................................... 124
3.3.1 Analisa Pemilihan Lokasi ....................................................... 124
3.2.2 Analisa Pemilihan Tapak ....................................................... 129
4.1. Konsep Program ............................................................................. 136
4.1.1 Aspek Citra ............................................................................ 136
4.1.2 Aspek Fungsi ......................................................................... 137
4.1.3 Aspek Teknologi .................................................................... 137
4.2. Tujuan Perancangan, Faktor Penentu Rancangan, Faktor Persyaratan Perancangan ........................................................... 138
4.2.1 Tujuan Perancangan (Design Objective) ............................... 138
4.2.2 Faktor Penentu Perancangan ( Design Determinant) ............ 140
4.2.3 Faktor Persyaratan Perancangan ( Design Requirement) ..... 140
a. Persyaratan Arsitektur ............................................................. 140
b. Persyaratan Bangunan ........................................................... 141
c. Persyaratan Lingkungan ......................................................... 141
4.3 Program Arsitektur ........................................................................... 142
4.3.1 Program Kegiatan .................................................................. 142
4.3.2 Program Sistem Struktur ........................................................ 148
4.3.3 Program Sistem Utilitas ......................................................... 150
4.3.4 Program Lokasi dan Tapak .................................................... 155
BAB V KAJIAN TEORI .......................................................................... 161
5.1. Kajian Teori Penekanan Tema Desain: Arsitektur Tropis ............... 161
5.1.1 Uraian Interprestasi dan Elaborasi Teori Tema Desain ........ 161
5.1.2 Studi Preseden ..................................................................... 163
5.1.3 Kemungkinan Penerapan Teori Tema Desain ....................... 165
5.2. Kajian Teori Fokus Kajian: Sirkulasi Udara Pada Atap Sebagai Fungsi Penaungan Perdagangan ................................................... 166
5.2.2 Studi Preseden ...................................................................... 167
5.2.3 Kemungkinan Penerapan Teori Fokus Kajian ........................ 169 DAFTAR PUSTAKA .............................................................................. 171 LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................ 172
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 1.1 Persebaran Pasar Tradisional ............................................... 3Tabel 1.2 Perbedaan Pasar Tradisional dan Modern ............................ 4Tabel 2.1 Analisa Kelebihan Kekurangan PasMod BSD City ................ 45Tabel 2.1 Analisa Kelebihan Kekurangan PasMod Paramount ............. 47Tabel 3.1 Studi Pelaku .......................................................................... 50Tabel 3.2 Studi Aktivitas Pedagang ....................................................... 53Tabel 3.3 Studi Aktivitas Pembeli .......................................................... 54Tabel 3.4 Studi Aktivitas Pengelola ....................................................... 60Tabel 3.5 Studi Aktivitas Karyawan ....................................................... 62Tabel 3.6 Studi Aktivitas Pekerja ........................................................... 63Tabel 3.7 Jenis Dagangan Pedagang Kios ........................................... 67Tabel 3.8 Jenis Dagangan Pedagang Lapak ......................................... 69Tabel 3.9 Jumlah Pedagang per UPTD Pasar Semarang 2012-2014 .... 70Tabel 3.10 Pedagang UPTD Karangayu Maret Th 2016 ....................... 71Tabel 3.11 Perhitungan Jumlah Unit Penjual ........................................ 71Tabel 3.12 Perhitungan Pedagang Lapak Sesuai Jenis Dagangan........ 72Tabel 3.13 Perhitungan Pedagang Dasaran Sesuai Jenis Dagangan ... 72Tabel 3.14 Perhitungan Pedagang Omprokan Sesuai Jenis Dagangan 72Tabel 3.15 Perhitungan Pedagang Foodcourt dan Cafe Tenda ............ 73Tabel 3.16 Jumlah Penduduk Kec. Mijen .............................................. 73Tabel 3.17 Perhitungan Jumlah Pelaku ................................................. 75Tabel 3.18 Studi Fasilitas Pedagang ..................................................... 75Tabel 3.19 Studi Fasilitas Penunjang .................................................... 76Tabel 3.20 Studi Kantor Pengelola ....................................................... 76Tabel 3.21 Studi Fasilitas Karyawan ..................................................... 76Tabel 3.22 Studi Area Service ............................................................... 77Tabel 3.23 Studi Fasilitas Parkir ............................................................ 77Tabel 3.25 Persyaratan Ruang ............................................................. 80Tabel 3.26 Besaran Ruang Omprokan .................................................. 77Tabel 3.27 Jenis Dagangan Pedagang Kios ......................................... 88Tabel 3.28 Perhitungan Kebutuhan Parkir ............................................ 90Tabel 3.29 Studi Besaran Ruang .......................................................... 94Tabel 3.30 Skoring Lokasi .................................................................... 118Tabel 3.31 Skoring Tapak .................................................................... 134Tabel 3.32 Analisis SWOT .................................................................... 135Tabel 4.1 Perhitungan Luas Bangunan ................................................. 145Tabel 4.2 Fasilitas Perdagangan ........................................................... 146Tabel 4.3 Fasilitas Penunjang ............................................................... 146Tabel 4.4 Fasilitas Kantor Pengelola .................................................... 147Tabel 4.5 Fasilitas Karyawan ................................................................. 147Tabel 4.6 Area Service .......................................................................... 147Tabel 4.7 Fasilitas Parkir ....................................................................... 148Tabel 4.8 Fasilitas Tambahan ............................................................... 148DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gb 1.1 Peta Persebaran Pasar Tradisional di Semarang ....................... 2 Gb 2.1 Wilayah Administrasi Semarang ................................................. 33 Gb 2.2 Letak Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah .......................................... 34 Gb 2.3 Peta Pembagian BWK Kota Semarang ...................................... 35 Gb 2.4 Pasar Modern BSD City .............................................................. 37 Gb 2.5 Pasar Modern BSD City .............................................................. 37 Gb 2.6 Bagian Dalam Pasar Modern BSD City ...................................... 37 Gb 2.7 Lokasi Pasar Modern BSD City ................................................. 38 Gb 2.8 Ruko Pasar Modern BSD City ................................................... 39 Gb 2.9 Meteran Kios Pasar Modern BSD City ....................................... 40 Gb 2.10 Kios Pasar Modern BSD City ................................................... 40 Gb 2.11 Lapak Pasar Modern BSD City ................................................ 41 Gb 2.12 Café Tenda Pasar Modern BSD City ....................................... 41 Gb 2.13 Area Komersial Pasar Modern BSD City ................................. 42 Gb 2.14 Musholla .................................................................................. 43 Gb 2.15 ATM Center ............................................................................. 43 Gb 2.16 Toilet ........................................................................................ 43 Gb 2.17 Tempat Parkir Mobil ................................................................. 43 Gb 2.18 Tempat Parkir Motor ................................................................ 43 Gb 2.19 Kantor Pengelola ..................................................................... 43 Gb 2.20 Ruang Maintenance ................................................................. 43 Gb 2.21 Siteplan Pasar Modern BSD City ............................................. 44 Gb 2.22 Denah Kios Pasar Modern BSD City ........................................ 45 Gb 2.23 Pintu Timur Pasar Modern BSD Paramount ............................. 46
Gb 2.24 Bagian Dalam Pasar Modern BSD Paramount ......................... 46 Gb 3.1 Sirkulasi Selasar ......................................................................... 65 Gb 3.2 Pergerakan Pedagang Omprokan .............................................. 82 Gb 3.4 Jangkauan Pedagang Omprokan ............................................... 82 Gb 3.5 Pergerakan Pedagang Dasaran ................................................. 83 Gb 3.6 Sketsa Pedagang Dasaran ........................................................ 83 Gb 3.7 Zonasi Lapak ............................................................................. 84 Gb 3.8 Sketsa Denah Lapak Basah ....................................................... 85 Gb 3.9 Tampak Samping Lapak Basah .................................................. 85 Gb 3.10 Sketsa Denah Lapak Semi Basah ............................................ 86 Gb 3.11 Tampak Samping Lapak Semi Basah ....................................... 86 Gb 3.12 Sketsa Denah Lapak Kering ..................................................... 87 Gb 3.13 Tampak Samping Lapak Kering ................................................ 87 Gb 3.14 Sketsa Denah Kios Pakaian .................................................... 88 Gb 3.15 Simbol Difabel .......................................................................... 94 Gb 3.16 Ukuran Kursi Roda ................................................................... 95 Gb 3.17 Simbol Ramp untuk Difabel ...................................................... 95 Gb 3.18 Kemiringan Ramp .................................................................... 96 Gb 3.19 Ukuran Standart Toilet Difabel Pondasi Sumuran .................... 96 Gb 3.20 Ubin Pemandu Difabel ............................................................. 96 Gb 3.21 Pondasi Footplate ..................................................................... 98 Gb 3.22 Pondasi Sumuran .................................................................... 99 Gb 3.23 Pondasi Minipile ....................................................................... 99 Gb 3.24 Dinding Sejajar ........................................................................ 100
Gb 3.25 Dinding Rangka ....................................................................... 101 Gb 3.26 Batu Bata ................................................................................. 101 Gb 3.27 Bata Ringan .............................................................................. 102 Gb 3.29 Roster Jalusi Beton .................................................................. 103 Gb 3.30 Beton GRC .............................................................................. 103 Gb 3.31 Lantai Keramik .......................................................................... 104 Gb 3.32 Lantai Beton .............................................................................. 104 Gb 3.33 Lantai Epoxy ............................................................................. 104 Gb 3.34 Karpet ....................................................................................... 105 Gb 3.35 Paving ...................................................................................... 106 Gb 3.36 Grass Block ............................................................................. 106 Gb 3.37 Aspal ........................................................................................ 106 Gb 3.38 Baja Konvensional ................................................................... 107 Gb 3.39 Baja Ringan .............................................................................. 107 Gb 3.40 Spaceframe .............................................................................. 108 Gb 3.41 Atap Zincalum ........................................................................... 108 Gb 3.42 Atap Polycarbonate................................................................... 109 Gb 3.43 Genteng Aspal .......................................................................... 109 Gb 3.44 Genteng Beton .......................................................................... 109 Gb 3.45 Genteng Keramik ...................................................................... 110 Gb 3.46 Saluran Limbah Cair Dalam Bangunan .................................... 113 Gb 3.47 Saluran Limbah Cair Luar Bangunan ........................................ 114 Gb 3.48 Pendistribusian Sampah .......................................................... 115 Gb 3.49 Tangga Darurat ........................................................................ 117
Gb 3.50 Alat Pemadam Api Ringan ....................................................... 118 Gb 3.51 Hydrant ..................................................................................... 118 Gb 3.52 Alarm Kebakaran ...................................................................... 118 Gb 3.54 Sprinkle .................................................................................... 118 Gb 3.55 Pos Jaga .................................................................................. 118 Gb 3.56 Pagar ....................................................................................... 119 Gb 3.57 Penangkal Petir ........................................................................ 119 Gb 3.58 Lampu TL ................................................................................. 120 Gb 3.59 Lampu Neon ............................................................................ 120 Gb 3.60 Lampu LED ............................................................................... 121 Gb 3.61 Penghawaan Alami Dalam Ruang ............................................ 121 Gb 3.62 Turbin Ventilator ...................................................................... 122 Gb 3.63 AC Split .................................................................................... 122 Gb 3.64 Exhaust Fan ............................................................................. 123 Gb 3.65 CCTV ...................................................................................... 123 Gb 3.66 Sensor Lampu Otomatis .......................................................... 124 Gb 3.67 Smart Glass ............................................................................. 124 Gb 3.68 Peta Rencana Pola Ruang Kota Semarang ............................. 125 Gb 3.69 Peta Pembagian BWK Kota Semarang .................................. 126 Gb 3.70 Peta BWK II Kota Semarang ................................................... 126 Gb 3.71 Peta Pembagian BWK Kota Semarang .................................... 115 Gb 3.72 Peta BWK IX Kota Semarang ................................................... 116 Gb 3.73 Masterplan BSB ........................................................................ 130 Gb 3.74 Alternatif Tapak ........................................................................ 130
Gb 3.75 Tapak 1 ..................................................................................... 132 Gb 3.76 Alternatif Tapak 2 ...................................................................... 132 Gb 3.77 Tapak 2 .................................................................................... 134 Gb 4.2 Sensor Lampu Otomatis ............................................................. 138 Gb 4.3 Smart Glass ................................................................................ 138 Gb 4.4 Struktur Rangka ......................................................................... 149 Gb 4.5 Lampu TL ................................................................................... 154 Gb 4.6 Lampu Neon .............................................................................. 154 Gb 4.7 Lampu LED ................................................................................. 154 Gb 4.8 Penghawaan Alami Dalam Ruang .............................................. 154 Gb 4.9 Turbin Ventilator ........................................................................ 155 Gb 4.10 AC Split .................................................................................... 155 Gb 4.11 Exhaust Fan ............................................................................. 155 Gb 4.12 Tapak Terpilih ........................................................................... 155 Gb 4.13 Tapak 1 ..................................................................................... 157 Gb 4.14 Pohon Angsana ........................................................................ 158 Gb 4.15 Pohon Ketapang ....................................................................... 159 Gb 4.16 Pohon Kersen ........................................................................... 159 Gb 4.11 Bougenville ............................................................................... 159 Gb 4.12 Lidah Mertua ............................................................................. 160 Gb 5.1 Javaplant, karya Andra Matin ..................................................... 163 Gb 5.2 Ruang Penerima Tamu Javaplant, karya Andra Matin ............... 164 Gb 5.3 Laboratorium Javaplant, karya Andra Matin ............................... 165 Gb 5.4 Tampak Depan Rumah Menara Angin Karya Yu Sing ................ 168
Gb 5.5 Tampak Samping Rumah Menara Angin Karya Yu Sing ............ 168 Gb 5.6 Ventilasi Rumah Menara Angin Karya Yu Sing ........................... 168 Gb 5.7 Tampak Luar Rumah Menara Angin Karya Yu Sing ................... 168 Gb 5.9 Tampak Dalam Lubang Menara Angin Karya Yu Sing ............... 169
DAFTAR DIAGRAM
Diagram 1.1 Proses Proyek Akhir Arsitektur .......................................... 10 Diagram 2.1 Struktur Organisasi Pengelola ........................................... 21 Diagram 2.1 Struktur Organisasi Pengelola PasMod BSD City ............. 45 Diagram 3.1 Pola Perilaku Pembeli ....................................................... 64 Diagram 3.2 Pola Kegiatan Pedagang .................................................. 65 Diagram 3.3 Pola Kegiatan Pedagang Foodcourt .................................. 66 Diagram 3.4 Pola Kegiatan Pedagang Café Tenda ............................... 66 Diagram 3.5 Pola Kegiatan Pembeli ...................................................... 67 Diagram 3.6 Pola Kegiatan Pengelola ................................................... 67 Diagram 3.7 Hubungan Ruang .............................................................. 80 Diagram 3.8 Zonasi Omprokan Dasaran dan Lapak ............................. 81 Diagram 3.9 Hubungan Ruang .............................................................. 80 Diagram 3.10 Distribusi Listrik ............................................................... 110 Diagram 3.11 Pendistribusian Air Bersih ............................................... 111 Diagram 3.12 Pendistribusian Air Kotor ................................................. 112 Diagram 3.13 Penyaluran Limbah Cair pada Lapak .............................. 113 Diagram 3.14 Pendistribusian Limbah Cair ........................................... 113 Diagram 3.15 Pendistribusian Sampah ................................................. 115 Diagram 3.16 Jaringan Telekomunikasi ................................................ 117