s ind 0807234 table of content
DAFTAR ISI
ABSTRAK ....................................................................................................... i
KATA PENGANTAR ..................................................................................... ii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH .......................................................................... iii
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................... xi
DAFTAR GRAFIK ........................................................................................ xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................... xiv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Masalah................................................................... 1
B. Identifikasi Masalah.........................................................................6
C. Batasan Masalah .............................................................................7
D. Rumusan Masalah Penelitian...........................................................7
E. Tujuan Penelitian............................................................................. 8
F. Manfaat Penelitian........................................................................... 8
G. Anggapan Dasar.............................................................................. 9
Virly Shiva Laviani, 2012
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
BAB II METODE PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DAN PEMBELAJARAN
MENULIS TEKS BERITA
A. Menulis
1. Pengertian menulis......................................................................11
2. Manfaat Menulis............................................................................... 12
3. Tujuan Menulis................................................................................. 12
B. Menulis Teks Berita
1. Pengertian Teks Berita................................................................15
2. Pengertian Berita............................................................................... 15
3. Jenis-Jenis Berita............................................................................... 16
4. Nilai Berita..................................................................................17
5. Sifat Berita........................................................................................ 19
6. Anatomi Berita............................................................................20
7. Teknik Menulis Berita....................................................................22
C. Problem Based Learning
1. Pengertian Problem Based Learning ............................................. 24
2. Ciri-ciri metode Problem Based Learning ..................................... 26
3. Tahapan Problem Based Learning ................................................ 30
Virly Shiva Laviani, 2012
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
A. Metode Penelitian.................................................................................. 31
B. Lokasi Penelitian..................................................................................... 35
C. Subjek Penelitian................................................................................... 35
D. Setting dan Karakteristik Subjek Penelitian............................................ 35
E. Prosedur dan Desain Penelitian
1. Studi Pendahuluan........................................................................... 35
2. Perencanaan Tindakan..................................................................... 36
3. Pelaksanaan Tindakan dan Observasi................................................ 37
4. Refleksi............................................................................................. 37
5. Instrumen Penelitian.......................................................................... 38
a. Wawancara................................................................................. 38
b. Tes Tertulis................................................................................. 41
c. Lembar Observasi...................................................................... 44
d. RPP............................................................................................ 47
6. Teknik Pengumpulan Data............................................................... 53
7. Teknik Pengolahan Data................................................................... 53
Virly Shiva Laviani, 2012
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Deskripsi Hasil Penelitian...................................................................... 53
B. Hasil Studi Pendahuluan.......................................................................... 55
C. Pelaksanaan Siklus I
1. Perencanaan Tindakan....................................................................... 59
2. Pelaksanaan Tindakan Siklus I.......................................................... 60
3. Analisis Teks Berita Siswa................................................................ 61
4. Analisis Hasil Pengamatan Siklus I.................................................. 85
a. Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Guru............................................. 85
b. Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Kelas............................................. 86
c. Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Kelas............................................ 87
d. Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Kelas............................................. 87
5. Refleksi............................................................................................ 89
D. Pelaksanaan Siklus II............................................................................... 91
1. Perencanaan Siklus II...................................................................... 91
2. Pelaksanaan Tindakan Siklus.......................................................... 93
3. Analisis Teks Berita Siswa............................................................... 94
4. Hasil Pengamatan Siklus II.............................................................. 108
5. Refleksi.......................................................................................... 112
E. Pelaksanaan Siklus III............................................................................ 114
1. Perencanaan Siklus III.................................................................... 114
2. Pelaksanaan Tindakan Siklus III................................................... 115
3. Analisis Teks Berita Siswa............................................................ 116
Virly Shiva Laviani, 2012
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
4. Analisis Pengamatan Siklus III............................................... 124
a. Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Guru.................................... 124
b. Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Kelas................................... 126
5. Refleksi.................................................................................. 128
F. Pembahasan Hasil Pengamatan.................................................... 130
1. Penggunaan Metode Problem Based Learning dalam Pembelajaran
Menulis Teks Berita................................................................... 130
2. Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Siswa...................................... 132
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Simpulan....................................................................................... 137
B. Saran............................................................................................. 140
DAFTAR PUSTAKA................................................................................. 142
RIWAYAT HIDUP
LAMPIRAN
Virly Shiva Laviani, 2012
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 3.1 Wawancara Guru................................................................................ 39
Tabel 3.2 Wawancara Siswa .............................................................................. 40
Tabel 3.4 Format Penilaian Teks Berita............................................................. 42
Tabel 3.5 Lembar Observasi Aktifitas Guru...................................................... 45
Tabel 3.6 Lembar Observasi Aktifitas Guru...................................................... 46
Tabel 3.7Penilaian PAP Skala Lima.................................................................. 55
Tabel 4.1 Wawancara Siswa.............................................................................. 56
Tabel 4.2 Wawancara Guru............................................................................... 57
Tabel 4.3 Observer Aktifitas Guru siklus I..................................................... 85
Tabel 4.4 Observer Aktifitas Guru siklus I..................................................... 86
Tabel 4.5 Observer Aktifitas Siswa siklus I..................................................... 87
Tabel 4.6 Observer Aktifitas Siswa siklus I..................................................... 87
Tabel 4.7 Kategori Nilai Teks Berita Siswa Siklus I........................................ 90
Tabel 4.8 Skor Penilaian Menulis Teks Berita Siklus 1.................................... 90
Tabel 4.9 Observer Aktifitas Guru siklus II................................................... 108
Tabel 4.10 Observer Aktifitas Guru siklus II................................................. 109
Tabel 4.11 Observer Aktifitas Siswa siklus II................................................. 110
Virly Shiva Laviani, 2012
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
Tabel 4.12 Observer Aktifitas Siswa siklus II................................................. 111
Tabel 4.13 Kategori Nilai Teks Berita Siswa Siklus II..................................... 113
Tabel 4.14 Observer Aktifitas Guru siklus III................................................. 124
Tabel 4.15 Observer Aktifitas Guru siklus III.................................................. 125
Tabel 4.16 Observer Aktifitas Siswa siklus III.................................................. 126
Tabel 4.17 Observer Aktifitas Siswa siklus III.................................................. 127
Tabel 4.18 Kategori Nilai Teks Berita Siswa Siklus III..................................... 129
Tabel 4.19 Skor Penilaian Menulis Teks Berita Siklus II................................... 129
Tabel 4.20 Skor Penilaian Menulis Teks Berita Siklus I, II, dan III................... 132
Tabel 4.21 Kategori Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Siswa.......................... 133
Tabel 4.22 Jumlah Perolehan Nilai (Berdasarkan Kategori Nilai Siswa) Siklus I,
II, dan III............................................................................................................ 134
Tabel 4.23 Persentase Nilai Kemampuan Siswa Siklus I, II, dan III................. 134
Virly Shiva Laviani, 2012
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
DAFTAR GRAFIK
Grafik 4.1 Persentase Perbandingan Nilai Kemampuan Siswa Siklus I,II, dan
III........................................................................................................................ 135
Virly Shiva Laviani, 2012
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 3. 1 Spiral Penelitian Tindakan Kelas................................................... 34
Virly Shiva Laviani, 2012
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
ABSTRAK ....................................................................................................... i
KATA PENGANTAR ..................................................................................... ii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH .......................................................................... iii
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................... xi
DAFTAR GRAFIK ........................................................................................ xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................... xiv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Masalah................................................................... 1
B. Identifikasi Masalah.........................................................................6
C. Batasan Masalah .............................................................................7
D. Rumusan Masalah Penelitian...........................................................7
E. Tujuan Penelitian............................................................................. 8
F. Manfaat Penelitian........................................................................... 8
G. Anggapan Dasar.............................................................................. 9
Virly Shiva Laviani, 2012
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
BAB II METODE PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DAN PEMBELAJARAN
MENULIS TEKS BERITA
A. Menulis
1. Pengertian menulis......................................................................11
2. Manfaat Menulis............................................................................... 12
3. Tujuan Menulis................................................................................. 12
B. Menulis Teks Berita
1. Pengertian Teks Berita................................................................15
2. Pengertian Berita............................................................................... 15
3. Jenis-Jenis Berita............................................................................... 16
4. Nilai Berita..................................................................................17
5. Sifat Berita........................................................................................ 19
6. Anatomi Berita............................................................................20
7. Teknik Menulis Berita....................................................................22
C. Problem Based Learning
1. Pengertian Problem Based Learning ............................................. 24
2. Ciri-ciri metode Problem Based Learning ..................................... 26
3. Tahapan Problem Based Learning ................................................ 30
Virly Shiva Laviani, 2012
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
A. Metode Penelitian.................................................................................. 31
B. Lokasi Penelitian..................................................................................... 35
C. Subjek Penelitian................................................................................... 35
D. Setting dan Karakteristik Subjek Penelitian............................................ 35
E. Prosedur dan Desain Penelitian
1. Studi Pendahuluan........................................................................... 35
2. Perencanaan Tindakan..................................................................... 36
3. Pelaksanaan Tindakan dan Observasi................................................ 37
4. Refleksi............................................................................................. 37
5. Instrumen Penelitian.......................................................................... 38
a. Wawancara................................................................................. 38
b. Tes Tertulis................................................................................. 41
c. Lembar Observasi...................................................................... 44
d. RPP............................................................................................ 47
6. Teknik Pengumpulan Data............................................................... 53
7. Teknik Pengolahan Data................................................................... 53
Virly Shiva Laviani, 2012
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Deskripsi Hasil Penelitian...................................................................... 53
B. Hasil Studi Pendahuluan.......................................................................... 55
C. Pelaksanaan Siklus I
1. Perencanaan Tindakan....................................................................... 59
2. Pelaksanaan Tindakan Siklus I.......................................................... 60
3. Analisis Teks Berita Siswa................................................................ 61
4. Analisis Hasil Pengamatan Siklus I.................................................. 85
a. Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Guru............................................. 85
b. Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Kelas............................................. 86
c. Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Kelas............................................ 87
d. Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Kelas............................................. 87
5. Refleksi............................................................................................ 89
D. Pelaksanaan Siklus II............................................................................... 91
1. Perencanaan Siklus II...................................................................... 91
2. Pelaksanaan Tindakan Siklus.......................................................... 93
3. Analisis Teks Berita Siswa............................................................... 94
4. Hasil Pengamatan Siklus II.............................................................. 108
5. Refleksi.......................................................................................... 112
E. Pelaksanaan Siklus III............................................................................ 114
1. Perencanaan Siklus III.................................................................... 114
2. Pelaksanaan Tindakan Siklus III................................................... 115
3. Analisis Teks Berita Siswa............................................................ 116
Virly Shiva Laviani, 2012
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
4. Analisis Pengamatan Siklus III............................................... 124
a. Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Guru.................................... 124
b. Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Kelas................................... 126
5. Refleksi.................................................................................. 128
F. Pembahasan Hasil Pengamatan.................................................... 130
1. Penggunaan Metode Problem Based Learning dalam Pembelajaran
Menulis Teks Berita................................................................... 130
2. Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Siswa...................................... 132
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Simpulan....................................................................................... 137
B. Saran............................................................................................. 140
DAFTAR PUSTAKA................................................................................. 142
RIWAYAT HIDUP
LAMPIRAN
Virly Shiva Laviani, 2012
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 3.1 Wawancara Guru................................................................................ 39
Tabel 3.2 Wawancara Siswa .............................................................................. 40
Tabel 3.4 Format Penilaian Teks Berita............................................................. 42
Tabel 3.5 Lembar Observasi Aktifitas Guru...................................................... 45
Tabel 3.6 Lembar Observasi Aktifitas Guru...................................................... 46
Tabel 3.7Penilaian PAP Skala Lima.................................................................. 55
Tabel 4.1 Wawancara Siswa.............................................................................. 56
Tabel 4.2 Wawancara Guru............................................................................... 57
Tabel 4.3 Observer Aktifitas Guru siklus I..................................................... 85
Tabel 4.4 Observer Aktifitas Guru siklus I..................................................... 86
Tabel 4.5 Observer Aktifitas Siswa siklus I..................................................... 87
Tabel 4.6 Observer Aktifitas Siswa siklus I..................................................... 87
Tabel 4.7 Kategori Nilai Teks Berita Siswa Siklus I........................................ 90
Tabel 4.8 Skor Penilaian Menulis Teks Berita Siklus 1.................................... 90
Tabel 4.9 Observer Aktifitas Guru siklus II................................................... 108
Tabel 4.10 Observer Aktifitas Guru siklus II................................................. 109
Tabel 4.11 Observer Aktifitas Siswa siklus II................................................. 110
Virly Shiva Laviani, 2012
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
Tabel 4.12 Observer Aktifitas Siswa siklus II................................................. 111
Tabel 4.13 Kategori Nilai Teks Berita Siswa Siklus II..................................... 113
Tabel 4.14 Observer Aktifitas Guru siklus III................................................. 124
Tabel 4.15 Observer Aktifitas Guru siklus III.................................................. 125
Tabel 4.16 Observer Aktifitas Siswa siklus III.................................................. 126
Tabel 4.17 Observer Aktifitas Siswa siklus III.................................................. 127
Tabel 4.18 Kategori Nilai Teks Berita Siswa Siklus III..................................... 129
Tabel 4.19 Skor Penilaian Menulis Teks Berita Siklus II................................... 129
Tabel 4.20 Skor Penilaian Menulis Teks Berita Siklus I, II, dan III................... 132
Tabel 4.21 Kategori Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Siswa.......................... 133
Tabel 4.22 Jumlah Perolehan Nilai (Berdasarkan Kategori Nilai Siswa) Siklus I,
II, dan III............................................................................................................ 134
Tabel 4.23 Persentase Nilai Kemampuan Siswa Siklus I, II, dan III................. 134
Virly Shiva Laviani, 2012
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
DAFTAR GRAFIK
Grafik 4.1 Persentase Perbandingan Nilai Kemampuan Siswa Siklus I,II, dan
III........................................................................................................................ 135
Virly Shiva Laviani, 2012
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 3. 1 Spiral Penelitian Tindakan Kelas................................................... 34
Virly Shiva Laviani, 2012
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu