An Analysis on the Implementation of Scientific Approach in Teaching Writing based on 2013 Curriculum ( A Case Study at the Eighth Grade Students of SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu in Academic Year 2014/ 2015).

AN ANALYSIS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SCIENTIFIC
APPROACH IN TEACHING WRITING BASED ON 2013 CURRICULUM
(A Case Study at the Eighth Grade Students of SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu
Karanganyar in Academic Year 2014/2015)

THESIS

by
Riska Dwi Cahyani
NIM: S891308034

Submitted to Graduate School of Sebelas Maret University
As a partial fulfillment to obtain Graduate Degree of English Education

MAGISTER OF ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
SURAKARTA
2017

APPROVAL

AN ANALYSIS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SCIENTIFIC
APPROACH IN TEACHING WRITING BASED ON 2013 CURRICULUM
(A Case Study at the Eighth Grade Students of SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu
Karanganyar in Academic Year 2014/2015)

By:
Riska Dwi Cahyani
NIM. S891308034

This Thesis has been Approved by the Consultants of Graduate Program of
English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of
Sebelas Maret University

Surakarta,

Consultant I

January 2017

Consultant II

Dra. Dewi Rochsantiningsih, M.Ed., Ph.D
NIP. 19600918 198702 2 001

Dra. Diah Kristina,M.A., Ph.D
NIP.19590505 198601 2 001

Approved By
Head of Magister of English Education
Department of Teacher Training and Education
Faculty of Sebelas Maret University

Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd
NIP. 19621231 198803 1 009
ii

LEGITIMATION
AN ANALYSIS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SCIENTIFIC
APPROACH IN TEACHING WRITING BASED ON 2013 CURRICULUM
(A Case Study at the Eighth Grade Students of SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu

Karanganyar in Academic Year 2014/2015)

By:
Riska Dwi Cahyani
NIM. S891308034

This thesis has been examined by the board of Thesis Examiners of English
Education Department of Graduate School of Sebelas Maret University
on

March 2017

The Board of Thesis Examiners:

Signatures:

Chairman

: Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd
NIP. 19621231 198803 1 009

Secretary

: Dr. Abdul Asib, M.Pd
NIP. 19520307 198003 1 005

Members

: 1. Dra. Dewi Rochsantiningsih, M.Ed., Ph.D
NIP. 19600918 198702 2 001
2. Dra. Diah Kristina, M.A., Ph.D
NIP. 19590505 198601 2 001

Dean of Teacher Training and
Education Faculty
of Sebelas Maret University

Head of English Education
Department of Graduate School of
Sebelas Maret University

Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd
NIP. 19610124 198702 1 001

Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd
NIP. 19621231 198803 1 009

iii

PRONOUNCEMENT
Herewith, I testify that in this thesis entitled “AN ANALYSIS ON THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF SCIENTIFIC APPROACH IN TEACHING WRITING
BASED ON 2013 CURRICULUM (A Case Study at the Eighth Grade Students of
SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu Karanganyar in Academic Year 2014/2015)”, there is no
plagiarism of the previous literary work which has been raised to obtain master
degree of a university, nor there are opinions or masterpieces which have been
written or published by others. Anything related to others’ work is written in
quotation, the source is listed on the bibliography.
Hence later, if it is proven that there are some untrue statements in this
pronouncement, hence I will hold fully responsibility and I am ready to accept any

academic punishment, including the withdrawal or cancellation of my academic
degree.

Surakarta,

March 2017

Riska Dwi Cahyani

iv

ABSTRACT
Riska Dwi Cahyani. 2017. S891308034. AN ANALYSIS ON THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF SCIENTIFIC APPROACH IN TEACHING WRITING
BASED ON 2013 CURRICULUM (A Case Study at the Eighth Grade Students of
SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu Karanganyar in Academic Year 2014/2015). Thesis.
Surakarta: English Education Department of Graduate School of Sebelas Maret
University. First Supervisor: Dra. Dewi Rochsantiningsih, M.Ed, Ph.D; Second
Supervisor: Dra. Diah Kristina, M.A., Ph.D.
The objectives of this study are: (1) analyzing the teaching and learning

documents whether they are developed based on 2013 curriculum or not; (2)
analyzing the teaching and learning process whether they are developed based on
the theory of scientific approach or not; (3) describing the difficulties encountered
by the teacher during the implementation of 2013 curriculum in writing class; (4)
describing the strategies identified by English teachers to overcome the problems
during the implementation of 2013 Curriculum in writing class; and (5) describing
the students’ writing achievement particularly in recount text.
The method used in this research was case study which was conducted to
eighth grade students at SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu from April to June 2015. The
research data were collected by using the techniques of observation, interview,
and collecting document analysis, in the form of lesson plan, syllabus, book, exam
sheet, students’ score, and teachers’ questionnaire result,and so on.
The results of this study are: (1) teaching and learning documents
including lesson plan, materials, and students’ assessments are developed based
on 2013 Curriculum and syllabus is composed by syllabus set by government; (2)
teaching and learning process of writing are developed based on theory of
scientific approach, but not all steps are done in the lesson; (3) the difficulties
found are: creating teaching and learning documents especially in creating lesson
plan; difficulting in implementing scientific approach, especially in questioning
and communicating step; implementing a truly pure students’ centered learning;

using the WERB book because it does not supply enough material; teaching
writing; and difficulty in students’ assessment format; (4) strategies identified by
English teachers to overcome the problems are:coordinating with other school
teachers related to difficulties in creating teaching and learning documents;
finding information related to implementation of 2013 Curriculum in internet or
other media; requiring workshop and training related to implementation of 2013
Curriculum; and creating module in the form of handout as the suplementary
book;and (5) students’ achievement on writing shows that 95.08% of 61 students
have scores which are above the passing grade determined by the school, which is
76. From the findings of the research above, it can be concluded that teachers
composed the teaching and learning documents and the teaching and learning
process are developed based on theory of scientific approach. But, there are still
many difficulties in implementation of 2013 Curriculum and it needs strategies to
overcome it.
Keywords: Scientific Approach, 2013 Curriculum, writing, junior high school

v

MOTTO

“Learn from the past, live for today, and plan for tomorrow”
(Riska Dwi Cahyani)

vi

DEDICATION



This thesis is especially dedicated to:



never ending love, patience, care, and support.



supports me to finish the study.



live in different world, you are always in my heart.

My beloved father, mother and mother in law for their

My beloved husband who always loves, cares, and

My beloved son who lived on the heaven. Although we

My brother and my sister in law who have supported me
to finish the study, and their twin sons, who have
entertained me while I have stucked in writing the thesis.

vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The writer sincerely thanks to Allah, the Almighty, the most Beneficial and
the most Merciful for this blessing and the strength for completion of this thesis.
In completing this thesis, there are many people who helped the researcher in
writing this research. Thus, the writer would like to express her gratitude and

apreciation to the following:
1. Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret
University, Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd.
2. Head of English Education Department of Graduate School of Sebelas
Maret University, Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd.
3. The first consultant, Dra. Dewi Rochsantiningsih, M.Ed, Ph.D. and the
second consultant, Dra. Diah Kristina, M.A., Ph.D., thanks for the advice,
guidance, patience in accomplishing this thesis.
4. The Principal of SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu, Drs. Suparto, S.H, M.Pd, thanks
for the permisson to conduct the research.
5. The English teachers of SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu, Dra. Rusmini and
Saminah, S.Pd who have given permission and facilitated the writer to
collect data in SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu.
6. The students of VIII B and VIII H of SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu.
7. All my friends who can not be mentioned one by one, thanks for coloring
my life.
The writer realizes that this research and data collected are far from being
perfect. Every comment and suggestion are welcomed. Hopefully, this thesis will
be useful for the readers.

Surakarta,

March 2017

Riska Dwi Cahyani

viii

TABLE OF CONTENT

COVER ............................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL ...................................................................................................... ii
LEGITIMATION ............................................................................................. iii
PRONOUNCEMENT ...................................................................................... iv
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................... v
MOTTO ............................................................................................................ vi
DEDICATION ................................................................................................. vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................. viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. ix
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................ xii
LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... xiii
LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................... xiv
LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................ xv
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION.................................................................... 1
A. Background of the Study .......................................................
B. Problem Statements .............................................................
C. Objectives of the Study .......................................................
D. Significance of the Study ...................................................

1
10
11
12

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ...................................................... 13
A. 2013 Curriculum................................................................... 13
1. Definition of 2013 Curriculum .......................................... 13
2. The Reasons of Developing 2013 Curriculum ............... 15
3. The Elements of Change of 2013 Curriculum ................ 20
4. The Characteristics of 2013 Curriculum......................... 22
5. Learning Process .. .......................................................... 23
6. The Principles of Developing 2013 Curriculum ............. 25
B. Approach in 2013 Curriculum ............................................. 27
1. Scientific Approach in 2013 Curriculum ........................ 27
2. Types of Learning Models .............................................. 34
a. Project- Based Learning ............................................ 34
b. Problem- Based Learning ......................................... 37
c. Discovery Learning ................................................... 42
C. Writing................................................................................. 47
1. Definition of Writing ...................................................... 47
2. The Purpose of Writing .................................................. 49

ix

3. The Process of Writing ...................................................
4. Criteria of Good Writing ................................................
5. The Problems of Writing ................................................
6. Teaching Writing of English ..........................................
7. Macro and Micro Skill of Writing ..................................
8. Components of Writing ..................................................
9. Roles of the Teacher to Respond to Students’ Writing ..
D. Writing in 2013 Curriculum ................................................
1. Scientific Approach in English Learning .......................
2. Syllabus of 2013 Curriculum ..........................................
3. Lesson Plan of 2013 Curriculum ....................................
4. Materials of 2013 Curriculum ........................................
5. Assessment of 2013 Curriculum.....................................
E. Review of Related Research................................................

49
50
51
52
53
54
55
57
57
60
60
61
62
65

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD ........................................................ 74
A. Research Method .................................................................
1. Qualitative Research .......................................................
2. Case Study............................................................. .........
a. The Characteristic of Case Study ...............................
b. The Purpose of Case Study ........................................
c. Types of Case Study ..................................................
d. Case Study Methods ..................................................
e. Source of Information Used in a Case Study .............
f. Procedures Commonly Used in Case Study ..............
B. Setting ..................................................................................
1. Research Location .........................................................
2. Time of Research ............................................................
3. Subject of the Research .................................................
C. Source of Data .....................................................................
D. The Techniques of Collecting Data .....................................
E. Trustworthiness ...................................................................
F. The Techniques of Data Analysis .......................................

74
74
77
77
78
81
81
78
83
84
84
85
86
87
88
89
91

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION .................... 94
A. Introduction .......................................................................... 94
B. Research Findings ............................................................... 95
1. Teaching and Learning Documents ................................ 96
a. Syllabus ..................................................................... 97
b. Lesson Plan ............................................................. 100
c. The kinds of Teaching Materials ............................ 104
d. Types and Components of Students’ Assessment .. 107
2. Teaching and Learning process of Writing .................. 108
a. Teaching and Learning process Lead by Teacher R 109
b. Teaching and Learning process Lead by Teacher S 116
3. The difficulties are encountered by the Teacher........... 124

x

a. Planning of Learning ............................................... 125
b. Implementation f Learning ...................................... 129
c. Evaluation of Learning ............................................... 139
4. Strategies to Overcome the Problems .......................... 140
5. Students’ Writing Achievement Particularly in Recount
............................................................................. ......... 143
C. Discussion ........................................................................ 145
D. Research Weaknesses ........................................................ 159
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION AND SUGGESTION .. 160
A. Conclusion ......................................................................... 160
B. Implication......................................................................... 163
C. Suggestion ......................................................................... 165
BIBLIOGRAPHY .......................................................................................... 167
APPENDICES ................................................................................................ 171

xi

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

BSNP

: Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan

JP

: Jam Pertemuan

KBK

: Kurikulum Berbasis Kompetensi

KD

: Kompetensi Dasar

KI

: Kompetensi Inti

KTSP

: Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan

K13

: Kurikulum 2013

MGMP

: Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran

OSIS

: Organisasi Siswa Intra Sekolah

PBL

: Problem Based Learning

PIRLS

: Progress in International Reading Litearcy Study

PISA

: Program for International Student Assessment

PjBL

: Project Based Learning

PMR

: Palang Merah Remaja

PTK

: Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan

SBC

: School based Curriculum

SI

: Standar Isi

SKL

: Standar Kompetensi Lulusan

SMAK

: Sekolah Menengah Atas Kejuruan

SMP

: Sekolah Menengah Pertama

SSN

: Sekolah Standar Nasional

TEFLIN

: Teachers of English as a Foreign Languange in Indonesia

TIMSS

: Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study

UKS

: Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah

UNJ

: Universitas Negeri Jakarta

WERB

: When English Rings the Bell

xii

LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1 The Schedule of the Research ........................................................... 85
Table 4.1 Issues Arising based on the Research Findings .................................... 95
Table 4.2 Basic Competence Used by Teachers Taken from Syllabus................. 99
Table 4.3 Basic Competence and Indicators Used by Teachers Taken from
Lesson Plan ......................................................................................... 101
Table 4.4 Students’ Writing Achievement in Teacher R’s Class..................... 144
Table 4.5 Students’ Writing Achievement in Teacher S’s Class ..................... 144
Table 4.6 Writing Rubric ................................................................................. 149
Table 4.7 The Scoring Scale in 2013 Curriculum ............................................... 158

xiii

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 3.1 Interactive Model of Data Analysis .................................................. 93

xiv

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1. Blueprint of Data Collection ....................................................... 171
Appendix 2. Instruments .................................................................................. 174
Appendix 3. Teaching Field Notes................................................................... 186
Appendix 4. Interview Transcripts ................................................................... 231
Appendix 5. Questionnaire Transcripts ........................................................... 289
Appendix 6. Teaching-Learning Documents ................................................... 297
Appendix 7. Photographs ................................................................................. 345
Appendix 8. Research Schedule ....................................................................... 348
Appendix 9. List of Students’ Name ................................................................ 350
Appendix 10. Scoring Rubric of Writing ......................................................... 352
Appendix 11. When English Rings a Bell Book .............................................. 354
Appendix 12. Students’ Writing Work ............................................................ 372
Appendix 13. Legalizations ............................................................................. 395

xv