Pengaruh Acinetobacter sp. dan Azotobacter spp. Terhadap Proses Fitoremediasi Limbah Minyak Bumi pada Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor).
ABSTRAK
Wulan Feitriani, 2012. Pengaruh Acinetobacter sp. dan Azotobacter spp. terhadap
Proses Fitoremediasi Limbah Minyak Bumi pada Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum
bicolor ). Dibimbing oleh Pudjawati Suryatmana dan Hersanti.
Limbah lumpur minyak bumi hasil pengolahan minyak bumi bersifat toksik
terhadap lingkungan dengan kandungan TPH yang tinggi. Solusi masalah tersebut
adalah penggunaan mikroorganisme Acinetobacter sp. dan Azotobacter spp.
dalam proses fitoremediasi pada tanaman sorgum (Sorghum bicolor ). Penelitian
ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Acinetobacter sp. dan Azotobacter spp.
terhadap proses fitoremediasi limbah minyak bumi pada tanaman sorghum
(Sorghum bicolor ). Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Januari 2012 hingga Juli
2012 dalam rumah plastik di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas
Padjadjaran, Jatinangor. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok pola
faktorial yang terdiri atas 2 faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu perlakuan Azotobacter
yang terdiri atas 4 taraf dan perlakuan kedua yaitu perlakuan Acinetobacter yang
terdiri dari 3 taraf. Total kombinasi perlakuan adalah 12 kombinasi perlakuan
dengan 3 kali ulangan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi serta kombinasi
konsentrasi antara Azotobacter dan Acinetobacter terhadap Efisiensi Biodegradasi
Hidrokarbon, Total Populasi Acinetobacter , dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Sorgum
yaitu tinggi tanaman, nisbah pupus akar, dan luas area daun. Kombinasi tanpa
pemberian Azotobacter spp. dengan 2,5% Acinetobacter sp. mampu
meningkatkan efisiensi biodegradasi hidrokarbon. Kombinasi 2% Azotobacter
spp. dengan 5% Acinetobacter sp. mampu meningkatkan total populasi
Acinetobacter . Kombinasi 2% Azotobacter spp. dengan 2,5% Acinetobacter sp.
serta kombinasi 1% Azotobacter spp. dengan 5% Acinetobacter sp. mampu
meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman sorgum yaitu tinggi tanaman, nisbah pupus
akar dan luas area daun.
Kata kunci : Acinetobacter , Azotobacter , sorghum, fitoremediasi, limbah minyak
bumi
i
ABSTRACT
Wulan Feitriani, 2012. Effects of Acinetobacter sp. and Azotobacter spp. on
Effectiveness Waste Oil of Phytoremediation by Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor ).
Supervised by Pudjawati Suryatmana and Hersanti.
Sludge oil was one of a toxic material which have a bad effect for the
environment. It has a high content of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH).
Phytoremediation was one of the way to simplify degradation process of
hydrocarbons which was the main problem of sludge oil polution. To support the
process was used microorganisms Acinetobacter sp., Azotobacter spp. and sorgum
(Sorghum bicolor ) as an agent of phytoremediation. This purpose of this research
was to find out the effects of Acinetobacter sp. and Azotobacter spp. on
Effectiveness Petroleum Waste of Phytoremediation by Sorgum (Sorghum
bicolor ). The research was carried out from January to July 2012 at experimental
plastic garden house of Agricultural Faculty, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor.
This experiment was done using a Randomized Block Factorial Design which
arranged in two factor. The first factor was Azotobacter treatment which consists
of 4 level and the second was Acinetobacter treatment which consists of 3 level.
Total of treatment was 12 combinations with 3 replications.
The result of this research were showing an interaction and combination
between Azotobacter and Acinetobacter concentration on biodegradation
efficiency of hydrocarbon, total population Acinetobacter , and growth of sorghum
which was height of plant, shoot root ratio and leaf area. The combination without
adding Azotobacter sp. with 2,5% Acinetobacter sp. was increasing
biodegradation efficiency of hydrocarbon. The combination of 2% Azotobacter
spp. with 5% Acinetobacter sp. was increasing the total population of
Acinetobacter sp. the combination of 2% Azotobacter spp. with 2,5%
Acinetobacter sp. and the combination of 1% azotobacter spp. with 5%
Acinetobacter sp. was increasing the growth of sorghum which was height of
plant, shoot root ratio and leaf area.
Key words : Acinetobacter , Azotobacter , sorghum, phytoremediation, petroleum
waste
ii
Wulan Feitriani, 2012. Pengaruh Acinetobacter sp. dan Azotobacter spp. terhadap
Proses Fitoremediasi Limbah Minyak Bumi pada Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum
bicolor ). Dibimbing oleh Pudjawati Suryatmana dan Hersanti.
Limbah lumpur minyak bumi hasil pengolahan minyak bumi bersifat toksik
terhadap lingkungan dengan kandungan TPH yang tinggi. Solusi masalah tersebut
adalah penggunaan mikroorganisme Acinetobacter sp. dan Azotobacter spp.
dalam proses fitoremediasi pada tanaman sorgum (Sorghum bicolor ). Penelitian
ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Acinetobacter sp. dan Azotobacter spp.
terhadap proses fitoremediasi limbah minyak bumi pada tanaman sorghum
(Sorghum bicolor ). Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Januari 2012 hingga Juli
2012 dalam rumah plastik di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas
Padjadjaran, Jatinangor. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok pola
faktorial yang terdiri atas 2 faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu perlakuan Azotobacter
yang terdiri atas 4 taraf dan perlakuan kedua yaitu perlakuan Acinetobacter yang
terdiri dari 3 taraf. Total kombinasi perlakuan adalah 12 kombinasi perlakuan
dengan 3 kali ulangan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi serta kombinasi
konsentrasi antara Azotobacter dan Acinetobacter terhadap Efisiensi Biodegradasi
Hidrokarbon, Total Populasi Acinetobacter , dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Sorgum
yaitu tinggi tanaman, nisbah pupus akar, dan luas area daun. Kombinasi tanpa
pemberian Azotobacter spp. dengan 2,5% Acinetobacter sp. mampu
meningkatkan efisiensi biodegradasi hidrokarbon. Kombinasi 2% Azotobacter
spp. dengan 5% Acinetobacter sp. mampu meningkatkan total populasi
Acinetobacter . Kombinasi 2% Azotobacter spp. dengan 2,5% Acinetobacter sp.
serta kombinasi 1% Azotobacter spp. dengan 5% Acinetobacter sp. mampu
meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman sorgum yaitu tinggi tanaman, nisbah pupus
akar dan luas area daun.
Kata kunci : Acinetobacter , Azotobacter , sorghum, fitoremediasi, limbah minyak
bumi
i
ABSTRACT
Wulan Feitriani, 2012. Effects of Acinetobacter sp. and Azotobacter spp. on
Effectiveness Waste Oil of Phytoremediation by Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor ).
Supervised by Pudjawati Suryatmana and Hersanti.
Sludge oil was one of a toxic material which have a bad effect for the
environment. It has a high content of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH).
Phytoremediation was one of the way to simplify degradation process of
hydrocarbons which was the main problem of sludge oil polution. To support the
process was used microorganisms Acinetobacter sp., Azotobacter spp. and sorgum
(Sorghum bicolor ) as an agent of phytoremediation. This purpose of this research
was to find out the effects of Acinetobacter sp. and Azotobacter spp. on
Effectiveness Petroleum Waste of Phytoremediation by Sorgum (Sorghum
bicolor ). The research was carried out from January to July 2012 at experimental
plastic garden house of Agricultural Faculty, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor.
This experiment was done using a Randomized Block Factorial Design which
arranged in two factor. The first factor was Azotobacter treatment which consists
of 4 level and the second was Acinetobacter treatment which consists of 3 level.
Total of treatment was 12 combinations with 3 replications.
The result of this research were showing an interaction and combination
between Azotobacter and Acinetobacter concentration on biodegradation
efficiency of hydrocarbon, total population Acinetobacter , and growth of sorghum
which was height of plant, shoot root ratio and leaf area. The combination without
adding Azotobacter sp. with 2,5% Acinetobacter sp. was increasing
biodegradation efficiency of hydrocarbon. The combination of 2% Azotobacter
spp. with 5% Acinetobacter sp. was increasing the total population of
Acinetobacter sp. the combination of 2% Azotobacter spp. with 2,5%
Acinetobacter sp. and the combination of 1% azotobacter spp. with 5%
Acinetobacter sp. was increasing the growth of sorghum which was height of
plant, shoot root ratio and leaf area.
Key words : Acinetobacter , Azotobacter , sorghum, phytoremediation, petroleum
waste
ii