KURIKULUM BERBASIS KOMPETENSI. strategi. pdf
Agenda Hari Ini
Pendahuluan
I Latar Belakang
I Kurikulum Berbasis Kompetensi
I Strategi dan Implementasi
Diskusi dan Tanya Jawab
Latar Belakang
Keadaan Saat Ini
I
Concern
–
–
–
–
I
Human Development Index
Information Technology Literacy
Digital Divide
Ranks Related to IT/IS/IM
score LOW
score LOW
score LOW
score LOW
Fact
– eGovernment
: rank 95/123 by Brown University
– Infra+Supra-structure : rank 123/138 on 2001
– Education Institution : among the lowest quartile
I
Dream
–
–
–
–
Transformation: LOW MEDIUM HIGH
Significant Change and Dramatic Improvement
Make the Concept and Strategy Actionable
Should conduct “Effective Crash Programs”
Kekhawatiran
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Tingginya persaingan antar perguruan tinggi dalam dan luar negeri
Cepatnya perkembangan ilmu komputer dan informatika
Mahalnya sumber daya yang perlu dimiliki
Maraknya ditawarkan program sertifikasi dan non gelar
Membanjirnya lulusan non informatika dengan keahlian serupa
Meleburnya dunia informatika dengan bidang studi lain
Kaburnya kebutuhan spesifik industri informatika
Negara lain
Indonesia
: “In IT we trust…”
: Quo Vadis “Informatika” atau “Telematika”
Alasan harus Berbasis Kompetensi
I
I
I
I
Globalisas dan pasar bebas
keadaan tidak menentu
Reformasi
mencari keunggulan kompetitif bangsa
Hubungan dunia pendidikan dengan lapangan kerja tidak linear
“supply site” (push) menuju pada “demand site” (pull)
Kesenjangan kebutuhan industri dengan ketersediaan SDM
perlu memiliki “outward and forward looking”
Empat krisis pokok perguruan tinggi (Tilaar,1998):
I Kuantitas
I Relevansi
I Elitisme
I Manajemen
Pendidikan adalah kehidupan, sehingga kegiatan belajar mengajar harus
dapat membekali peserta didik dengan KECAKAPAN
HIDUP (Life Competency)
Salah Kaprah
I Jawaban kekhawatiran =
KURIKULUM
SISTEM DAN PENDEKATAN PENYELENGGARAAN PENDIDIKAN
TINGGI KHUSUSNYA BAGI PROGRAM STUDI TERKAIT DENGAN
BIDANG ILMU
KOMPUTER DAN INFORMATIKA
Pilar Perguruan Tinggi
Studi Kasus: STIMIK Perbanas
Kurikulum
Berbasis
Kompetensi
KBK
Kurikulum Berbasis Kompetensi
Two Standards in Education
I Academic Content Standards (knowledge base)
I Performance Standards (competency base)
I ACS = essential elements of knowledge
I PS = ability to use the knowledge
Basic Concepts of Competency
I “… is a knowledge, skills, and abilities or capabilities that a
person achieves, which become part of his or her being to the
exent he or she can satisfactorily perform particular cognitive,
afective, and psychomotor behaviors.” (McAshan)
I “… perpaduan dari pengetahuan, keterampilan, nilai, dan sikap
yang direfleksikan dalam kebiasaan berpikir dan bertindak.” (E.
Mulyasa)
I Aspects of Competency according to Gordon:
–
–
–
–
–
–
Knowledge
Understanding
Skill
Value
Attitude
Interest
CBC (KBK) Definition
I “Suatu konsep kurikulum yang menekankan pada
pengembangan kemampuan melakukan (kompetensi) tugastugas dengan standar performansi tertentu, sehingga hasilnya
dapat dirasakan oleh peserta didik, berupa penguasaan
terhadap seperangkat kompetensi tertentu” (E. Mulyasa)
I Education Pillars from UNESCO:
–
–
–
–
Learning to know
Learning to do
Learning to be
Learning to live together
I All Higher-Learning Institutions and Stakeholders
need to know: LEARNING
HOW TO LEARN…
Competency-Based Curriculum by Depdiknas (2002)
1. Menekankan pada ketercapaian kompetensi siswa baik secara
individual maupun klasikal
2. Berorientasi pada hasil belajar dan keberagaman
3. Penyampaian dalam pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan
dan metode yang bervariasi
4. Sumber belajar bukan hanya guru, tetapi juga sumber belajar
lainnya yang memenuhi unsur edukatif
5. Penilaian menekankan pada proses dan hasil belajar dalam
upaya penguasaan atau pencapaian suatu kompetensi
Recommended Strategy
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Sistem Belajar dengan Modul
Menggunakan Keseluruhan Sumber Belajar
Pengalaman Lapangan
Strategi Belajar Individual Personal
Kemudahan Belajar
Belajar Tuntas
Seven Base Assumptions
1. Sedikit SDM profesional yang mampu melakukan proses
pembelajaran secara optimal
2. Paradigma lama dalam belajar – menyajikan materi mata
pelajaran dari “yang tahu” ke “yang tidak tahu”
3. Peserta didik bukanlah “tabung kosong”, tetapi pribadi yang
berpotensi (dogmatis vs fasilitator pengembangan knowledge
dan kompetensi)
4. Potensi peserta didik berbeda dan bervariasi (everybody is
unique) dalam tingkatan IQ, EQ, dan SQ yang berbeda
5. Pendidikan untuk membuat lingkungan kondusif agar potensi
yang ada tersalurkan secara optimal
6. Kurikulum harus berisi kompetensi-kompetensi potensial yang
tersusun secara sistematis
7. Kurikulum harus fleksibel, menyediakan berbagai
kemungkinan bagi peserta didik untuk mengembangkan
potensi secara optimal
Development Level of Curriculum
I
Pengembangan Kurikulum Tingkat Nasional
– Target:
I Standar kompetensi jenjang dan jenis pendidikan
I
Pengembangan Kurikulum Tingkat Lembaga
– Target:
I
I
I
I
I
Kompetensi sesuai visi dan misi lembaga
Pengembangan bidang studi terkait
Definisi kebutuhan sumber daya
Pengembangan fasilitas dan sarana
Pengembangan Kurikulum Tingkat Bidang Studi
– Target:
I
I
I
I
I
Jenis kompetensi setiap bidang studi
Pengelompokan dan pengembangan kompetensi
Deskripsi kompetensi dan karakteristiknya
Indikator/ukuran pencapaian kompetensi
Pengembangan Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Bahasan
– Target:
I Paket modul dan penyampaian pengetahuan
New Paradigm in Categorizing Competency
I Mata Kuliah Pengembangan Kepribadian (MKPK)
– Kompetensi pengembangan pribadi (emotional intelligence)
I Mata Kuliah Ketrampilan dan Keahlian (MKKK)
– Kompetensi keilmuan
I Mata Kuliah Keahlian Berkarya (MKKB)
– Kompetensi mentransformasi gagasan menjadi karya nyata
I Mata Kuliah Perilaku Berkarya (MKPB)
– Kompetensi berperilaku/bersikap untuk mengembangkan kreativitas
dan inovasi
I Mata Kuliah Berkehidupan Bersama (MKBB)
– Kompetensi berorientasi pada kaidah dan norma (value)
hidup di masyarakat sesuai dengan profesi
(Prof. Suryo Guritno)
Two Competency Approaches
I
Taxonomy Bloom
Other Competency Approach
I
6
5
4
3
2
1
evaluation
I
synthesis
analysis
I
application
comprehension
memorizing
I
I
Kompetensi Kongnitif
(pengetahuan, pemahaman,
kesadaran)
Kompetensi Afektif
(nilai, sikap, ketertarikan,
apresiasi)
Kompetensi Kinerja
(perilaku, pencapaian)
Kompetensi Konsekuensi
(perubahan, demonstrasi)
Kompetensi Eksploratori
(inovasi, bermanfaat)
Competency Identification
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Existing list (literatur, pengalaman)
Course translation (penjabaran bidang studi)
Course translations with safeguard (penjabaran mata pelajaran)
Taxonomic analysis (Bloom vs other approaches)
Input from the profession (asosiasi, praktisi)
Theoretical constructs (akademisi, filsafat)
Input from clients and community (masyarakat dan industri)
Task analysis (tugas khusus)
Curriculum Stakeholders
Studi Kasus: Sistem Informasi
Information Systems
Management Information Systems
Computer Information Systems
Information Management
Business Information Systems
Informatics
Information Resources Management
Information Technology Systems
Information Technology Resources Management
Accounting Information Systems
Information Science
Information and Quantitative Science
KBK in Action
Why Involving Practitioners ?
Architecture of the Existing IS Curriculum
1
2
3
4
1. Presentation Areas
...
Knowledge/Competency Levels for Significant IS Curriculum Sub Areas of Study
(Levels: 0– no knowledge; 1 – recognition; 2 – literacy; 3 – usage; 4 – application)
2. Courses
3. Learning Units
4. IS Body of Knowledge
4. Academic vs Industry Expected Competencies
......
(where 1=Awareness, 2=Literacy, 3=Ability to Use and
4=Ability to Apply the indicated knowledge)
Industry Participants on Research
Studi Kasus: Indonesian Situation
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Pertamina
IBM
Microsoft
Bogasari
Blue Bird
Angkasa Pura 1
Texmaco
Global TV
Bank Indonesia
Bouraq
Ciputra
Sigma Cipta Caraka
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Accenture
Siemens
SAP Indonesia
Zahir Consulting
Plasmedia
Unocal
Sinarmas
Bank Mandiri
British Petroleum
PLN
Metrodata
Bali Camp
Simple Questionnaires
Results on Core Competencies
Depth of Knowledge
Other Results
28%
to
48%
Strategi dan Implementasi
Langkah-Langkah Utama
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Kajian industri komputer dan informatika di Indonesia
Evaluasi kompetensi lulusan perguruan tinggi selama ini
Definisikan target kompetensi yang ingin dicapai
Sesuaikan kurikulum dengan obyektif yang diinginkan
Tentukan sistem dan pendekatan pendidikan yang mendukung
Langkah-Langkah Utama
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Kajian industri komputer dan informatika di Indonesia
Evaluasi kompetensi lulusan perguruan tinggi selama ini
Definisikan target kompetensi yang ingin dicapai
Sesuaikan kurikulum dengan obyektif yang diinginkan
Tentukan sistem dan pendekatan pendidikan yang mendukung
Industry Domain
IT Industry
in Indonesia
Consumer
Electronics
(Digital Based
Devices)
HARDWARE
SOFTWARE
SERVICES
Industry Segments
IT Industry
in Indonesia
HARDWARE
SOFTWARE
SERVICES
Servers
Application Solutions
Consulting
Personal Computers
Application Tools
Implementation
Data Communication
System Infrastructure S/W
Support & Services
Peripherals
Operations Management
Training
Consumer
Electronics
(Digital Based
Devices)
Hardware Trend in Indonesia
Software Trend in Indonesia
Services Trend in Indonesia
Industry Focus of Hardware Market
Industry Focus of Software Market
Industry Focus of Services Market
Total IT Market per User Segment
Langkah-Langkah Utama
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Kajian industri komputer dan informatika di Indonesia
Evaluasi kompetensi lulusan perguruan tinggi selama ini
Definisikan target kompetensi yang ingin dicapai
Sesuaikan kurikulum dengan obyektif yang diinginkan
Tentukan sistem dan pendekatan pendidikan yang mendukung
Eksekutif Berbicara
50 top IT executives
Responden
1.
Peter Ong
Managing Director, Sinar Mas Group
Multi-Industri
2.
Richard Kartawijaya
President Direktur, PT Integrasi Utama
Tbk.
Teknologi Informasi –
System Integrator
Mantan Presiden
Direktur PT
Microsoft
Indonesia
3.
Heru Prasetyo
Advisor, Accenture
Multi-National IT
Consulting
Services
Mantan Country
Manager
Andersen
Consulting
4.
Dede Suhendar
Direktur Teknologi Informasi, PT
Satelindo
Telekomunikasi
5.
Lesan Limanardja
Presiden Direktur, PT Metrodata
Electronics Tbk.
Distribusi dan IT
Solution Provider
6.
Mardjuki
Direktur, Oracle University
Database Solution
Provider
7.
Samuel Nemba
Manajer Senior, PT Indosat Tbk.
Telekomunikasi
8.
Sutanto Tanuwidjaja
IT Vice President, PT Bogasari Flour
Mills
Food and Distribution
9.
Abadi Purnama
Manajer Senior, Pertamina Hulu
Pertambangan
10.
Cahyana Ahmadjayadi
Deputi Jaringan TI, Kementrian
Komunikasi dan Informasi
Pemerintah
Mantan Direktur
Utama PT Pos
Indonesia
Responden cont.
11.
Chandra Sugiono
Presiden Direktur, PT Ciptamaya
Software Developer and
Solution Provider
12.
Gatot Gunodo
Manajer Senior TI, Garuda Indonesia
Transportasi
13.
Didik Sumbodo
HR Manager, PT Trakindo Utama
Manufaktur
14.
Indra M. Utoyo
Project Director, PT Telkom Indonesia
Tbk.
Telekomunikasi
15.
Jos F. Luhukay
Direktur Utama, Bank Lippo
Perbankan
Mantan Ernst and
Young Partner
16.
Heru Nugroho
CEO, PT Work IT Out
Jasa SDM TI
Ketua APJII
17.
Mas Wigrantoro
Ketua, Cyber Club Policy
LSM
Staf Ahli Menteri
Kominfo
18.
Nico Krisnanto
Advisor, PT Delphi Computech
Indonesia
Hardware and Software
Provider
19.
Hari Prabowo
HR Manager, Unocal Indonesia
Pertambangan
20.
Heru Handoko
General Manager, PT Tripatra
Jasa Konstruksi
Responden cont.
21.
Sunar Wibowo
HR Manager, Jaya Group
Multi-Industri
22.
Barata W. Wardhana
General Manager PT Net Nusantara
Telekomunikasi
23.
J. Kriswanto
CEO PT Indosatcom Adimarga
IT Solution Provider
24.
Tharsikin Insa
Presiden Direktur, Global Technology
Media and
Communication
25.
Uun Widhi Untoro
Managing Director, PT IFS Indonesia
Software Provider
26.
Adrianto Gani
Presiden Direktur, PT Intimedia
IT Solution Provider
27.
Samudera Sukardi
Presiden Direktur, PT Abacus
IT Service Provider
28.
Luckysa Esa
Manager, PT Microsoft Indonesia
Software Solution
Provider
29.
Tico Kamayana
Manager, PT IBM Indonesia
Hardware Solution
Provider
30.
Richard Mengko
Staf Ahli, BPPT
Pemerintah
Mantan IT Associate
Director PWC
Responden cont.
31.
Imam Pramono
Manajer SIM, Angkasa Pura I
Transportasi
32.
Pandu Angklasito
IT Manajer, PLN
Utility
33.
Kemal E. Gani
Redaksi Utama, Majalah SWA
Sembada
Media and
Communication
34.
KRMT Roy Suryo
Pakar Multimedia
Pendidikan
35.
Onno W. Purbo
Pakar Internet
Freelance
36.
Norma Sosiawan
Manager, Texmaco Group
Manufaktur
37.
Adji Gunawan
Director, Global TV
Media Entertainment
38.
Dedy Hari Ananta
Manager, BP Indonesia
Pertambangan
39.
Aji
Director, Global TV
Media and
Entertainment
40.
Iwan Kurniawan
IT Manager, PT Bluebird
Transportation
Responden cont.
41.
Puntaraksma
Direktur, PT Sigma Cipta Caraka
IT Outsourcing and
Solution Provider
42.
Yogi Pratomo
Manager, PT Prosys Bangun Persada
Jasa Manajemen
Proyek
43.
Dwi Kurniawan
IT Manager, Bank Indonesia
Pemerintah
44.
Endra Datta
HR Manager, Bali Camp
Sofware Solution
Provider
45.
Alexander Cyrus
Partner, BT Advisor
IT Consulting Services
46.
Donny Razalie
Consultancy Manager, PT Plasmedia
IT Solution Provider
47.
Benny Adisoetjahja
Direktur, PT Rodamas
Distribusi
48.
Ishadi SK
Direktur Utama, Trans TV
Media
49.
Dwi Wicaksono
Manajer TI, SCTV
Media and
Entertainment
50.
Imam Prakoso
IT Manager, Bouraq Indonesia
Transportasi
Kritik dan Harapan
1. Tidak dapat Langsung Produktif
2. Absennya Pemahaman Konteks Bisnis
3. Kurangnya Kemampuan Spesialisasi
4. Pandangan yang Terlampau Teknis
5. Kaburnya Kompetensi Utama
6. Lemahnya Kualitas “Soft Skills”
7. Buruknya Naluri Pemecahan Masalah
8. ”Knowledge Base”-nya Tidak Dinamis
9. Rendahnya Kemampuan Berfikir Lateral
10. Kurang Berani Tampil Percaya Diri
Kebutuhan Industri
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Secepat mungkin lulusan dapat produktif
Pengetahuan yang memadai dan didukung oleh soft skills yang
cukup
Tidak terlampau teknis mengetahui konteks TI dalam bisnis
Fokus pada penerapan teknologi, bukan teori/konsep semata
Berbasis kompetensi dengan keahlian sesuai dengan trend
Sifat: inovatif, kreatif, mandiri, improvisasi, tahan uji, dan percaya
diri
Berjiwa entrepreneurship dan intrapreneurship
Libatkan industri semaksimal mungkin dalam kegiatan pendidikan
Berorientasi “demand” bukan “supply”
Langkah-Langkah Utama
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Kajian industri komputer dan informatika di Indonesia
Evaluasi kompetensi lulusan perguruan tinggi selama ini
Definisikan target kompetensi yang ingin dicapai
Sesuaikan kurikulum dengan obyektif yang diinginkan
Tentukan sistem dan pendekatan pendidikan yang mendukung
Kompetensi SISTEM INFORMASI
I Mempunyai wawasan dan menguasai pengetahuan komputer
dan penggunaannya untuk membantu pelaksanaan proses
bisnis dan manajemen
I Mampu melakukan rancang bangun sistem informasi berbasis
komputer dan mengimplementasikannya dengan menggunakan
metode, teknik, dan alat bantu tertentu berikut dokumentasinya
I Mempunyai kemampuan untuk mengembangkan bidang ilmu/
teknologi atau melanjutkan studinya
Kompetensi INFORMATIKA/ILMU KOMPUTER
I Mampu menjelaskan mekanisme kerja komputer
I Mampu membuat model solusi sistem berbasis komputer
I Mampu melakukan rancang bangun perangkat lunak dengan
menggunakan metode, teknik, dan alat bantu tertentu berikut
pendokumentasiannya
I Mempunya etika profesi dan sikap profesional yang tinggi
berdasarkan ketaqwaan kepada Tuhan YME dan kecintaan
terhadap tanah air
I Mampu melakukan penelitian/karya ilmiah
Langkah-Langkah Utama
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Kajian industri komputer dan informatika di Indonesia
Evaluasi kompetensi lulusan perguruan tinggi selama ini
Definisikan target kompetensi yang ingin dicapai
Sesuaikan kurikulum dengan obyektif yang diinginkan
Tentukan sistem dan pendekatan pendidikan yang mendukung
International Practices
Computing Curricula 2001
SOFTWARE
ENGINEERING
Software Engineering
Education Project
COMPUTER
SCIENCE
COMPUTER
ENGINEERING
IEEE Computer Society
IEEE Computer Society
Association for Computing
Machinery
Association for Computing
Machinery
INFORMATION
SYSTEMS
Association for Computing
Machinery
Association for Information
Systems
Association of Information
Technology Professionals
Teknik Informatika
Ilmu Komputer
Sistem Komputer
(Teknik Komputer)
Sistem Informasi
(Manajemen Informatika)
Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak ?
IT Industry Needs
Tiga
INFORMATIKA
3
LAPISAN ENTITAS TERAPAN
2
LAPISAN KOMPONEN PRODUK
1
LAPISAN PENGETAHUAN POKOK
Lapisan Pertama
Matematika
Algoritma
Fisika
Logika
“Soft Skills”
”
Teknologi
Sosial
Sistem
1
Etika
Organisasi
LAPISAN PENGETAHUAN POKOK
Filsafat
Ilmu
Dasar
Lapisan Kedua
PERANGKAT
TEORI
KOMPUTASI
Computer
Science
2
PERANGKAT
KERAS
Computer
Engineering
PERANGKAT
LUNAK
Sofware
Engineering
LAPISAN KOMPONEN PRODUK
PERANGKAT
MANUSIA DAN
ORGANISASI
Information
System
Lapisan Ketiga
ERP – SCM – CRM
E-Commerce
E-Business
Embedded
Devices
Robot
ICT-Based
Devices
EDMS
Electronic
Government
Business
Intelligence
3
Virtual
Corporation
Digital
Enhancement
Enterprise
Integration
Voice-Image
Recognition
LAPISAN ENTITAS TERAPAN
Intelligent
Technology
Call Center
Knowledge
Management
Anatomi Ilmu
ERP – SCM – CRM
E-Commerce
E-Business
Robot
Electronic
Government
Virtual
Corporation
Voice-Image
Recognition
Digital
Enhancement
Intelligent
Technology
PERANGKAT
L A P I S A NTEORI
E N T IPERANGKAT
T A S T E R A P PERANGKAT
AN
KERAS
LUNAK
KOMPUTASI
3
Computer
Science
2
Computer
Engineering
Call Center
Knowledge
Management
ICT-Based
Devices
EDMS
Business
Intelligence
Enterprise
Integration
Embedded
Devices
Sofware
Engineering
PERANGKAT
MANUSIA DAN
ORGANISASI
Information
System
L A P I S A N Matematika
K O M P O N E N P R OAlgoritma
DUK
Fisika
Logika
“Soft Skills”
”
Teknologi
Sosial
Sistem
1
Etika
Organisasi
LAPISAN PENGETAHUAN POKOK
Filsafat
Ilmu
Dasar
Strategi Kurikulum
Lapisan 3
Lapisan 2
Lapisan 1
Langkah-Langkah Utama
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Kajian industri komputer dan informatika di Indonesia
Evaluasi kompetensi lulusan perguruan tinggi selama ini
Definisikan target kompetensi yang ingin dicapai
Sesuaikan kurikulum dengan obyektif yang diinginkan
Tentukan sistem dan pendekatan pendidikan yang mendukung
Strategi dan Implementasi
Higher Education Structure
HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION
ACADEMIC DEPARTMENT
ACADEMIC DEPARTMENT
ACADEMIC DEPARTMENT
PROGRAM OF STUDY
PROGRAM OF STUDY
PROGRAM OF STUDY
PROGRAM OF STUDY
PROGRAM OF STUDY
PROGRAM OF STUDY
PROGRAM OF STUDY
PROGRAM OF STUDY
PROGRAM OF STUDY
Portfolio Management of Higher Learning
HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION
Vision and Missions
Policy and Procedures
HR Remuneration
Legal and Regulatory
Technology Infrastructure
Chart of Account
Ethics
Academic
Department
A
Government Rules
Foundation
and Sponsors
Network and
Partners
I Different Size
I Different Contribution
I Different History
Rule of Conduct
Academic
Department
B
Academic
Department
D
Academic
Department
C
Academic
Department
E
Academic
Department
F
Organization
Structure
I Different Strategy
I Different Characteristics
I Different Life-Cycle
Academic
Department
G
Shared Resources
I Different Issues
I Different People
I Different Resources
Inside Academic Department
ACADEMIC DEPARTMENT
Financial Sources
Program
of Study
1
Program
of Study
2
Accountability
Program
of Study
3
Program
of Study
5
Shared Resources
Infrastructure
Program
of Study
4
Responsibilities
Program
of Study
6
Program
of Study
8
Join Courses
Program
of Study
7
I Different Characteristics
I Different Objectives
I Different Resources
I Different Prospect
I Different Size
I Different Contribution
I Different Life Cycle
Stakeholders of Higher Education
Foundation
Board of Trustees
Management
Employee
Teachers
Lecturers
Researchers
Students
Scholars
Alumni
Communities
Industry
Market
Users
Government
Authorities
Others
Inside the Academic Department
Revenue
Stream
Core Processes
Teaching
Research
and
Development
Academic Administration
Finance and Accounting
Human Resource and General Affairs
Student Services
Industrial Relationship
Campus Infrastructure
Cost
Center
Support Activities
Services
Stakeholder Objectives Matrix
Stakeholders
Process Type
Front Office
(Core Processes)
Back Office
(Support Activities)
Students
Quality of Deliverable
Fast and Cheap
Flexible
Lecturers
Facility Quality
Knowledge/Adaptability
Academic Environment
No Bureaucracy
Flexible
New Profit Stream
Contract Control
New Products/Programs
Continuing Study
Cheap
Reachable
Cross Registration
Join Operation
Foundation
More Revenue
Cost Containment
Leverage Investment
Employees
Hands-Off Administration
Good Salary/Benefits
Empowerement
Regulation Compliancy
Quality of Education
Standard Report
Submission
Industry Partners
Communities
Other Universities
Government
Campus Main Stakeholders
Students
and
Alumni
Front Office Processes
Teaching
Lecturers
Foundation
Research and Development
Services
Industry
Partners
Back Office Processes
Employees
Academic Administration
Human Resourcs and General Affairs
Communities
Finance and Accounting
Student Services
Industrial Relationship
Other
Universities
Campus Infrastructure
Government
Kunci Keberhasilan
link and match
quality assurance
national competitive advantage
Kunci Keberhasilan
Define
Win-Win
Shared Value
Sinkronisasi
Perguruan Tinggi
Dulu
Industri
…..
sekolah (belajar)
bekerja (berkarya)
wisuda – menunggu/training
Perguruan Tinggi
Sekarang
sekolah (belajar)
Industri
bekerja (berkarya)
wisuda – langsung kerja
Knowledge Processes in Higher Education
Teaching
Scholarly Research / Creative endeavors
Instruction
1. Teaching regular course offerings
2. Developing course materials
3. Developing replicable systems of instruction
4. Developing new course/labs
5. Coordinating clinical teaching/independent study/tutorials
Publications
1. Book
2. Journal and magazine article
3. Monograph, etc
4. Presenting recitals and exhibitions
5. Staging, directing, or acting in musical, theatrical, and dance
productions
6. Exhibiting paintings, sculptures, and other creative arts
7. Developing software / media
8. Reviews
9. Nonrefereed material
10. Citation counts
11. Invited/ contributed presentation
12. Invited/ contributed papers
13. Poster session
Advising
1. Advising students on programs of study
2. Sponsoring of advising student groups
3. Serving on master’s or doctoral supervisory committees
4. Chairing master’s or doctoral supervisory committees
Service
Faculty Service
1. Serving on departmental, college, or university committees
2. Serving on the faculty senate
3. Chairing any committee (student, faculty, etc.)
4. Serving as a sponsor for student activities/groups
Professional Service
1. Activity in professional organizations (holding office, serving on
committees or boards )
2. Consulting to organization or corporations
3. Consulting to university/ colleges, etc.
Public or Community Service
1. Participating in local, state, or national civic activities and
organizations
2. Applying academic expertise in the local, state, or national
community without pay or profit
Ongoing research
1. Basic scientific investigation, both theoretical and applied
2. Investigation of educationally relevant problems
Professional Recognition
1. Awards, honors, or invited presentations
2. Achieving advanced degrees, certification, etc.
Components of Program of Study
PEOPLE and PROCESS
modules
units
sessions
learning
objects
TOOLS and TECHNOLOGY
programme
of study
Products
and Services
CUSTOMERS
Modular Approach
I Institution
I Academic Department
I Program of Study
I E-Learning
I Partnership
I Remote Campus
I People
I Modules
I Resources
Products
and Services
CUSTOMERS
Paradigm Change in Higher Education
From studying once a life
to life-long learning
From ivory towers
to competitive markets
From single-mode universities
to multiple-mode univ.
From broad scope universities
to profiled universities
From isolated universities
to cooperating universities
From single-faculty curricula
to inter-faculty curricula
From broad basic studies
to just-in-time basic studies
From curricula-oriented degrees
to knowledge certificates
From term-oriented learning
to learning on demand
From linear curricula
to learning spaces
New Ways of Learning
TRADITIONAL TEACHING
NEW LEARNING
Teacher-centered instruction
Student-centered instruction
Single-sense stimulation
Single-path progression
Single media
Isolated work
Information delivery
Passive learning
Factual, knowledge-based
Reactive response
Isolated, artificial context
Multisensory stimulation
Multipath progression
Multimedia
Collaborative work
Information exchange
Active/inquiry-based learning
Critical thinking, informed
decision making
Proactive/planned action
Authentic, real-world context
Pendahuluan
I Latar Belakang
I Kurikulum Berbasis Kompetensi
I Strategi dan Implementasi
Diskusi dan Tanya Jawab
Latar Belakang
Keadaan Saat Ini
I
Concern
–
–
–
–
I
Human Development Index
Information Technology Literacy
Digital Divide
Ranks Related to IT/IS/IM
score LOW
score LOW
score LOW
score LOW
Fact
– eGovernment
: rank 95/123 by Brown University
– Infra+Supra-structure : rank 123/138 on 2001
– Education Institution : among the lowest quartile
I
Dream
–
–
–
–
Transformation: LOW MEDIUM HIGH
Significant Change and Dramatic Improvement
Make the Concept and Strategy Actionable
Should conduct “Effective Crash Programs”
Kekhawatiran
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Tingginya persaingan antar perguruan tinggi dalam dan luar negeri
Cepatnya perkembangan ilmu komputer dan informatika
Mahalnya sumber daya yang perlu dimiliki
Maraknya ditawarkan program sertifikasi dan non gelar
Membanjirnya lulusan non informatika dengan keahlian serupa
Meleburnya dunia informatika dengan bidang studi lain
Kaburnya kebutuhan spesifik industri informatika
Negara lain
Indonesia
: “In IT we trust…”
: Quo Vadis “Informatika” atau “Telematika”
Alasan harus Berbasis Kompetensi
I
I
I
I
Globalisas dan pasar bebas
keadaan tidak menentu
Reformasi
mencari keunggulan kompetitif bangsa
Hubungan dunia pendidikan dengan lapangan kerja tidak linear
“supply site” (push) menuju pada “demand site” (pull)
Kesenjangan kebutuhan industri dengan ketersediaan SDM
perlu memiliki “outward and forward looking”
Empat krisis pokok perguruan tinggi (Tilaar,1998):
I Kuantitas
I Relevansi
I Elitisme
I Manajemen
Pendidikan adalah kehidupan, sehingga kegiatan belajar mengajar harus
dapat membekali peserta didik dengan KECAKAPAN
HIDUP (Life Competency)
Salah Kaprah
I Jawaban kekhawatiran =
KURIKULUM
SISTEM DAN PENDEKATAN PENYELENGGARAAN PENDIDIKAN
TINGGI KHUSUSNYA BAGI PROGRAM STUDI TERKAIT DENGAN
BIDANG ILMU
KOMPUTER DAN INFORMATIKA
Pilar Perguruan Tinggi
Studi Kasus: STIMIK Perbanas
Kurikulum
Berbasis
Kompetensi
KBK
Kurikulum Berbasis Kompetensi
Two Standards in Education
I Academic Content Standards (knowledge base)
I Performance Standards (competency base)
I ACS = essential elements of knowledge
I PS = ability to use the knowledge
Basic Concepts of Competency
I “… is a knowledge, skills, and abilities or capabilities that a
person achieves, which become part of his or her being to the
exent he or she can satisfactorily perform particular cognitive,
afective, and psychomotor behaviors.” (McAshan)
I “… perpaduan dari pengetahuan, keterampilan, nilai, dan sikap
yang direfleksikan dalam kebiasaan berpikir dan bertindak.” (E.
Mulyasa)
I Aspects of Competency according to Gordon:
–
–
–
–
–
–
Knowledge
Understanding
Skill
Value
Attitude
Interest
CBC (KBK) Definition
I “Suatu konsep kurikulum yang menekankan pada
pengembangan kemampuan melakukan (kompetensi) tugastugas dengan standar performansi tertentu, sehingga hasilnya
dapat dirasakan oleh peserta didik, berupa penguasaan
terhadap seperangkat kompetensi tertentu” (E. Mulyasa)
I Education Pillars from UNESCO:
–
–
–
–
Learning to know
Learning to do
Learning to be
Learning to live together
I All Higher-Learning Institutions and Stakeholders
need to know: LEARNING
HOW TO LEARN…
Competency-Based Curriculum by Depdiknas (2002)
1. Menekankan pada ketercapaian kompetensi siswa baik secara
individual maupun klasikal
2. Berorientasi pada hasil belajar dan keberagaman
3. Penyampaian dalam pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan
dan metode yang bervariasi
4. Sumber belajar bukan hanya guru, tetapi juga sumber belajar
lainnya yang memenuhi unsur edukatif
5. Penilaian menekankan pada proses dan hasil belajar dalam
upaya penguasaan atau pencapaian suatu kompetensi
Recommended Strategy
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Sistem Belajar dengan Modul
Menggunakan Keseluruhan Sumber Belajar
Pengalaman Lapangan
Strategi Belajar Individual Personal
Kemudahan Belajar
Belajar Tuntas
Seven Base Assumptions
1. Sedikit SDM profesional yang mampu melakukan proses
pembelajaran secara optimal
2. Paradigma lama dalam belajar – menyajikan materi mata
pelajaran dari “yang tahu” ke “yang tidak tahu”
3. Peserta didik bukanlah “tabung kosong”, tetapi pribadi yang
berpotensi (dogmatis vs fasilitator pengembangan knowledge
dan kompetensi)
4. Potensi peserta didik berbeda dan bervariasi (everybody is
unique) dalam tingkatan IQ, EQ, dan SQ yang berbeda
5. Pendidikan untuk membuat lingkungan kondusif agar potensi
yang ada tersalurkan secara optimal
6. Kurikulum harus berisi kompetensi-kompetensi potensial yang
tersusun secara sistematis
7. Kurikulum harus fleksibel, menyediakan berbagai
kemungkinan bagi peserta didik untuk mengembangkan
potensi secara optimal
Development Level of Curriculum
I
Pengembangan Kurikulum Tingkat Nasional
– Target:
I Standar kompetensi jenjang dan jenis pendidikan
I
Pengembangan Kurikulum Tingkat Lembaga
– Target:
I
I
I
I
I
Kompetensi sesuai visi dan misi lembaga
Pengembangan bidang studi terkait
Definisi kebutuhan sumber daya
Pengembangan fasilitas dan sarana
Pengembangan Kurikulum Tingkat Bidang Studi
– Target:
I
I
I
I
I
Jenis kompetensi setiap bidang studi
Pengelompokan dan pengembangan kompetensi
Deskripsi kompetensi dan karakteristiknya
Indikator/ukuran pencapaian kompetensi
Pengembangan Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Bahasan
– Target:
I Paket modul dan penyampaian pengetahuan
New Paradigm in Categorizing Competency
I Mata Kuliah Pengembangan Kepribadian (MKPK)
– Kompetensi pengembangan pribadi (emotional intelligence)
I Mata Kuliah Ketrampilan dan Keahlian (MKKK)
– Kompetensi keilmuan
I Mata Kuliah Keahlian Berkarya (MKKB)
– Kompetensi mentransformasi gagasan menjadi karya nyata
I Mata Kuliah Perilaku Berkarya (MKPB)
– Kompetensi berperilaku/bersikap untuk mengembangkan kreativitas
dan inovasi
I Mata Kuliah Berkehidupan Bersama (MKBB)
– Kompetensi berorientasi pada kaidah dan norma (value)
hidup di masyarakat sesuai dengan profesi
(Prof. Suryo Guritno)
Two Competency Approaches
I
Taxonomy Bloom
Other Competency Approach
I
6
5
4
3
2
1
evaluation
I
synthesis
analysis
I
application
comprehension
memorizing
I
I
Kompetensi Kongnitif
(pengetahuan, pemahaman,
kesadaran)
Kompetensi Afektif
(nilai, sikap, ketertarikan,
apresiasi)
Kompetensi Kinerja
(perilaku, pencapaian)
Kompetensi Konsekuensi
(perubahan, demonstrasi)
Kompetensi Eksploratori
(inovasi, bermanfaat)
Competency Identification
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Existing list (literatur, pengalaman)
Course translation (penjabaran bidang studi)
Course translations with safeguard (penjabaran mata pelajaran)
Taxonomic analysis (Bloom vs other approaches)
Input from the profession (asosiasi, praktisi)
Theoretical constructs (akademisi, filsafat)
Input from clients and community (masyarakat dan industri)
Task analysis (tugas khusus)
Curriculum Stakeholders
Studi Kasus: Sistem Informasi
Information Systems
Management Information Systems
Computer Information Systems
Information Management
Business Information Systems
Informatics
Information Resources Management
Information Technology Systems
Information Technology Resources Management
Accounting Information Systems
Information Science
Information and Quantitative Science
KBK in Action
Why Involving Practitioners ?
Architecture of the Existing IS Curriculum
1
2
3
4
1. Presentation Areas
...
Knowledge/Competency Levels for Significant IS Curriculum Sub Areas of Study
(Levels: 0– no knowledge; 1 – recognition; 2 – literacy; 3 – usage; 4 – application)
2. Courses
3. Learning Units
4. IS Body of Knowledge
4. Academic vs Industry Expected Competencies
......
(where 1=Awareness, 2=Literacy, 3=Ability to Use and
4=Ability to Apply the indicated knowledge)
Industry Participants on Research
Studi Kasus: Indonesian Situation
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Pertamina
IBM
Microsoft
Bogasari
Blue Bird
Angkasa Pura 1
Texmaco
Global TV
Bank Indonesia
Bouraq
Ciputra
Sigma Cipta Caraka
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Accenture
Siemens
SAP Indonesia
Zahir Consulting
Plasmedia
Unocal
Sinarmas
Bank Mandiri
British Petroleum
PLN
Metrodata
Bali Camp
Simple Questionnaires
Results on Core Competencies
Depth of Knowledge
Other Results
28%
to
48%
Strategi dan Implementasi
Langkah-Langkah Utama
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Kajian industri komputer dan informatika di Indonesia
Evaluasi kompetensi lulusan perguruan tinggi selama ini
Definisikan target kompetensi yang ingin dicapai
Sesuaikan kurikulum dengan obyektif yang diinginkan
Tentukan sistem dan pendekatan pendidikan yang mendukung
Langkah-Langkah Utama
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Kajian industri komputer dan informatika di Indonesia
Evaluasi kompetensi lulusan perguruan tinggi selama ini
Definisikan target kompetensi yang ingin dicapai
Sesuaikan kurikulum dengan obyektif yang diinginkan
Tentukan sistem dan pendekatan pendidikan yang mendukung
Industry Domain
IT Industry
in Indonesia
Consumer
Electronics
(Digital Based
Devices)
HARDWARE
SOFTWARE
SERVICES
Industry Segments
IT Industry
in Indonesia
HARDWARE
SOFTWARE
SERVICES
Servers
Application Solutions
Consulting
Personal Computers
Application Tools
Implementation
Data Communication
System Infrastructure S/W
Support & Services
Peripherals
Operations Management
Training
Consumer
Electronics
(Digital Based
Devices)
Hardware Trend in Indonesia
Software Trend in Indonesia
Services Trend in Indonesia
Industry Focus of Hardware Market
Industry Focus of Software Market
Industry Focus of Services Market
Total IT Market per User Segment
Langkah-Langkah Utama
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Kajian industri komputer dan informatika di Indonesia
Evaluasi kompetensi lulusan perguruan tinggi selama ini
Definisikan target kompetensi yang ingin dicapai
Sesuaikan kurikulum dengan obyektif yang diinginkan
Tentukan sistem dan pendekatan pendidikan yang mendukung
Eksekutif Berbicara
50 top IT executives
Responden
1.
Peter Ong
Managing Director, Sinar Mas Group
Multi-Industri
2.
Richard Kartawijaya
President Direktur, PT Integrasi Utama
Tbk.
Teknologi Informasi –
System Integrator
Mantan Presiden
Direktur PT
Microsoft
Indonesia
3.
Heru Prasetyo
Advisor, Accenture
Multi-National IT
Consulting
Services
Mantan Country
Manager
Andersen
Consulting
4.
Dede Suhendar
Direktur Teknologi Informasi, PT
Satelindo
Telekomunikasi
5.
Lesan Limanardja
Presiden Direktur, PT Metrodata
Electronics Tbk.
Distribusi dan IT
Solution Provider
6.
Mardjuki
Direktur, Oracle University
Database Solution
Provider
7.
Samuel Nemba
Manajer Senior, PT Indosat Tbk.
Telekomunikasi
8.
Sutanto Tanuwidjaja
IT Vice President, PT Bogasari Flour
Mills
Food and Distribution
9.
Abadi Purnama
Manajer Senior, Pertamina Hulu
Pertambangan
10.
Cahyana Ahmadjayadi
Deputi Jaringan TI, Kementrian
Komunikasi dan Informasi
Pemerintah
Mantan Direktur
Utama PT Pos
Indonesia
Responden cont.
11.
Chandra Sugiono
Presiden Direktur, PT Ciptamaya
Software Developer and
Solution Provider
12.
Gatot Gunodo
Manajer Senior TI, Garuda Indonesia
Transportasi
13.
Didik Sumbodo
HR Manager, PT Trakindo Utama
Manufaktur
14.
Indra M. Utoyo
Project Director, PT Telkom Indonesia
Tbk.
Telekomunikasi
15.
Jos F. Luhukay
Direktur Utama, Bank Lippo
Perbankan
Mantan Ernst and
Young Partner
16.
Heru Nugroho
CEO, PT Work IT Out
Jasa SDM TI
Ketua APJII
17.
Mas Wigrantoro
Ketua, Cyber Club Policy
LSM
Staf Ahli Menteri
Kominfo
18.
Nico Krisnanto
Advisor, PT Delphi Computech
Indonesia
Hardware and Software
Provider
19.
Hari Prabowo
HR Manager, Unocal Indonesia
Pertambangan
20.
Heru Handoko
General Manager, PT Tripatra
Jasa Konstruksi
Responden cont.
21.
Sunar Wibowo
HR Manager, Jaya Group
Multi-Industri
22.
Barata W. Wardhana
General Manager PT Net Nusantara
Telekomunikasi
23.
J. Kriswanto
CEO PT Indosatcom Adimarga
IT Solution Provider
24.
Tharsikin Insa
Presiden Direktur, Global Technology
Media and
Communication
25.
Uun Widhi Untoro
Managing Director, PT IFS Indonesia
Software Provider
26.
Adrianto Gani
Presiden Direktur, PT Intimedia
IT Solution Provider
27.
Samudera Sukardi
Presiden Direktur, PT Abacus
IT Service Provider
28.
Luckysa Esa
Manager, PT Microsoft Indonesia
Software Solution
Provider
29.
Tico Kamayana
Manager, PT IBM Indonesia
Hardware Solution
Provider
30.
Richard Mengko
Staf Ahli, BPPT
Pemerintah
Mantan IT Associate
Director PWC
Responden cont.
31.
Imam Pramono
Manajer SIM, Angkasa Pura I
Transportasi
32.
Pandu Angklasito
IT Manajer, PLN
Utility
33.
Kemal E. Gani
Redaksi Utama, Majalah SWA
Sembada
Media and
Communication
34.
KRMT Roy Suryo
Pakar Multimedia
Pendidikan
35.
Onno W. Purbo
Pakar Internet
Freelance
36.
Norma Sosiawan
Manager, Texmaco Group
Manufaktur
37.
Adji Gunawan
Director, Global TV
Media Entertainment
38.
Dedy Hari Ananta
Manager, BP Indonesia
Pertambangan
39.
Aji
Director, Global TV
Media and
Entertainment
40.
Iwan Kurniawan
IT Manager, PT Bluebird
Transportation
Responden cont.
41.
Puntaraksma
Direktur, PT Sigma Cipta Caraka
IT Outsourcing and
Solution Provider
42.
Yogi Pratomo
Manager, PT Prosys Bangun Persada
Jasa Manajemen
Proyek
43.
Dwi Kurniawan
IT Manager, Bank Indonesia
Pemerintah
44.
Endra Datta
HR Manager, Bali Camp
Sofware Solution
Provider
45.
Alexander Cyrus
Partner, BT Advisor
IT Consulting Services
46.
Donny Razalie
Consultancy Manager, PT Plasmedia
IT Solution Provider
47.
Benny Adisoetjahja
Direktur, PT Rodamas
Distribusi
48.
Ishadi SK
Direktur Utama, Trans TV
Media
49.
Dwi Wicaksono
Manajer TI, SCTV
Media and
Entertainment
50.
Imam Prakoso
IT Manager, Bouraq Indonesia
Transportasi
Kritik dan Harapan
1. Tidak dapat Langsung Produktif
2. Absennya Pemahaman Konteks Bisnis
3. Kurangnya Kemampuan Spesialisasi
4. Pandangan yang Terlampau Teknis
5. Kaburnya Kompetensi Utama
6. Lemahnya Kualitas “Soft Skills”
7. Buruknya Naluri Pemecahan Masalah
8. ”Knowledge Base”-nya Tidak Dinamis
9. Rendahnya Kemampuan Berfikir Lateral
10. Kurang Berani Tampil Percaya Diri
Kebutuhan Industri
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Secepat mungkin lulusan dapat produktif
Pengetahuan yang memadai dan didukung oleh soft skills yang
cukup
Tidak terlampau teknis mengetahui konteks TI dalam bisnis
Fokus pada penerapan teknologi, bukan teori/konsep semata
Berbasis kompetensi dengan keahlian sesuai dengan trend
Sifat: inovatif, kreatif, mandiri, improvisasi, tahan uji, dan percaya
diri
Berjiwa entrepreneurship dan intrapreneurship
Libatkan industri semaksimal mungkin dalam kegiatan pendidikan
Berorientasi “demand” bukan “supply”
Langkah-Langkah Utama
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Kajian industri komputer dan informatika di Indonesia
Evaluasi kompetensi lulusan perguruan tinggi selama ini
Definisikan target kompetensi yang ingin dicapai
Sesuaikan kurikulum dengan obyektif yang diinginkan
Tentukan sistem dan pendekatan pendidikan yang mendukung
Kompetensi SISTEM INFORMASI
I Mempunyai wawasan dan menguasai pengetahuan komputer
dan penggunaannya untuk membantu pelaksanaan proses
bisnis dan manajemen
I Mampu melakukan rancang bangun sistem informasi berbasis
komputer dan mengimplementasikannya dengan menggunakan
metode, teknik, dan alat bantu tertentu berikut dokumentasinya
I Mempunyai kemampuan untuk mengembangkan bidang ilmu/
teknologi atau melanjutkan studinya
Kompetensi INFORMATIKA/ILMU KOMPUTER
I Mampu menjelaskan mekanisme kerja komputer
I Mampu membuat model solusi sistem berbasis komputer
I Mampu melakukan rancang bangun perangkat lunak dengan
menggunakan metode, teknik, dan alat bantu tertentu berikut
pendokumentasiannya
I Mempunya etika profesi dan sikap profesional yang tinggi
berdasarkan ketaqwaan kepada Tuhan YME dan kecintaan
terhadap tanah air
I Mampu melakukan penelitian/karya ilmiah
Langkah-Langkah Utama
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Kajian industri komputer dan informatika di Indonesia
Evaluasi kompetensi lulusan perguruan tinggi selama ini
Definisikan target kompetensi yang ingin dicapai
Sesuaikan kurikulum dengan obyektif yang diinginkan
Tentukan sistem dan pendekatan pendidikan yang mendukung
International Practices
Computing Curricula 2001
SOFTWARE
ENGINEERING
Software Engineering
Education Project
COMPUTER
SCIENCE
COMPUTER
ENGINEERING
IEEE Computer Society
IEEE Computer Society
Association for Computing
Machinery
Association for Computing
Machinery
INFORMATION
SYSTEMS
Association for Computing
Machinery
Association for Information
Systems
Association of Information
Technology Professionals
Teknik Informatika
Ilmu Komputer
Sistem Komputer
(Teknik Komputer)
Sistem Informasi
(Manajemen Informatika)
Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak ?
IT Industry Needs
Tiga
INFORMATIKA
3
LAPISAN ENTITAS TERAPAN
2
LAPISAN KOMPONEN PRODUK
1
LAPISAN PENGETAHUAN POKOK
Lapisan Pertama
Matematika
Algoritma
Fisika
Logika
“Soft Skills”
”
Teknologi
Sosial
Sistem
1
Etika
Organisasi
LAPISAN PENGETAHUAN POKOK
Filsafat
Ilmu
Dasar
Lapisan Kedua
PERANGKAT
TEORI
KOMPUTASI
Computer
Science
2
PERANGKAT
KERAS
Computer
Engineering
PERANGKAT
LUNAK
Sofware
Engineering
LAPISAN KOMPONEN PRODUK
PERANGKAT
MANUSIA DAN
ORGANISASI
Information
System
Lapisan Ketiga
ERP – SCM – CRM
E-Commerce
E-Business
Embedded
Devices
Robot
ICT-Based
Devices
EDMS
Electronic
Government
Business
Intelligence
3
Virtual
Corporation
Digital
Enhancement
Enterprise
Integration
Voice-Image
Recognition
LAPISAN ENTITAS TERAPAN
Intelligent
Technology
Call Center
Knowledge
Management
Anatomi Ilmu
ERP – SCM – CRM
E-Commerce
E-Business
Robot
Electronic
Government
Virtual
Corporation
Voice-Image
Recognition
Digital
Enhancement
Intelligent
Technology
PERANGKAT
L A P I S A NTEORI
E N T IPERANGKAT
T A S T E R A P PERANGKAT
AN
KERAS
LUNAK
KOMPUTASI
3
Computer
Science
2
Computer
Engineering
Call Center
Knowledge
Management
ICT-Based
Devices
EDMS
Business
Intelligence
Enterprise
Integration
Embedded
Devices
Sofware
Engineering
PERANGKAT
MANUSIA DAN
ORGANISASI
Information
System
L A P I S A N Matematika
K O M P O N E N P R OAlgoritma
DUK
Fisika
Logika
“Soft Skills”
”
Teknologi
Sosial
Sistem
1
Etika
Organisasi
LAPISAN PENGETAHUAN POKOK
Filsafat
Ilmu
Dasar
Strategi Kurikulum
Lapisan 3
Lapisan 2
Lapisan 1
Langkah-Langkah Utama
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Kajian industri komputer dan informatika di Indonesia
Evaluasi kompetensi lulusan perguruan tinggi selama ini
Definisikan target kompetensi yang ingin dicapai
Sesuaikan kurikulum dengan obyektif yang diinginkan
Tentukan sistem dan pendekatan pendidikan yang mendukung
Strategi dan Implementasi
Higher Education Structure
HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION
ACADEMIC DEPARTMENT
ACADEMIC DEPARTMENT
ACADEMIC DEPARTMENT
PROGRAM OF STUDY
PROGRAM OF STUDY
PROGRAM OF STUDY
PROGRAM OF STUDY
PROGRAM OF STUDY
PROGRAM OF STUDY
PROGRAM OF STUDY
PROGRAM OF STUDY
PROGRAM OF STUDY
Portfolio Management of Higher Learning
HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION
Vision and Missions
Policy and Procedures
HR Remuneration
Legal and Regulatory
Technology Infrastructure
Chart of Account
Ethics
Academic
Department
A
Government Rules
Foundation
and Sponsors
Network and
Partners
I Different Size
I Different Contribution
I Different History
Rule of Conduct
Academic
Department
B
Academic
Department
D
Academic
Department
C
Academic
Department
E
Academic
Department
F
Organization
Structure
I Different Strategy
I Different Characteristics
I Different Life-Cycle
Academic
Department
G
Shared Resources
I Different Issues
I Different People
I Different Resources
Inside Academic Department
ACADEMIC DEPARTMENT
Financial Sources
Program
of Study
1
Program
of Study
2
Accountability
Program
of Study
3
Program
of Study
5
Shared Resources
Infrastructure
Program
of Study
4
Responsibilities
Program
of Study
6
Program
of Study
8
Join Courses
Program
of Study
7
I Different Characteristics
I Different Objectives
I Different Resources
I Different Prospect
I Different Size
I Different Contribution
I Different Life Cycle
Stakeholders of Higher Education
Foundation
Board of Trustees
Management
Employee
Teachers
Lecturers
Researchers
Students
Scholars
Alumni
Communities
Industry
Market
Users
Government
Authorities
Others
Inside the Academic Department
Revenue
Stream
Core Processes
Teaching
Research
and
Development
Academic Administration
Finance and Accounting
Human Resource and General Affairs
Student Services
Industrial Relationship
Campus Infrastructure
Cost
Center
Support Activities
Services
Stakeholder Objectives Matrix
Stakeholders
Process Type
Front Office
(Core Processes)
Back Office
(Support Activities)
Students
Quality of Deliverable
Fast and Cheap
Flexible
Lecturers
Facility Quality
Knowledge/Adaptability
Academic Environment
No Bureaucracy
Flexible
New Profit Stream
Contract Control
New Products/Programs
Continuing Study
Cheap
Reachable
Cross Registration
Join Operation
Foundation
More Revenue
Cost Containment
Leverage Investment
Employees
Hands-Off Administration
Good Salary/Benefits
Empowerement
Regulation Compliancy
Quality of Education
Standard Report
Submission
Industry Partners
Communities
Other Universities
Government
Campus Main Stakeholders
Students
and
Alumni
Front Office Processes
Teaching
Lecturers
Foundation
Research and Development
Services
Industry
Partners
Back Office Processes
Employees
Academic Administration
Human Resourcs and General Affairs
Communities
Finance and Accounting
Student Services
Industrial Relationship
Other
Universities
Campus Infrastructure
Government
Kunci Keberhasilan
link and match
quality assurance
national competitive advantage
Kunci Keberhasilan
Define
Win-Win
Shared Value
Sinkronisasi
Perguruan Tinggi
Dulu
Industri
…..
sekolah (belajar)
bekerja (berkarya)
wisuda – menunggu/training
Perguruan Tinggi
Sekarang
sekolah (belajar)
Industri
bekerja (berkarya)
wisuda – langsung kerja
Knowledge Processes in Higher Education
Teaching
Scholarly Research / Creative endeavors
Instruction
1. Teaching regular course offerings
2. Developing course materials
3. Developing replicable systems of instruction
4. Developing new course/labs
5. Coordinating clinical teaching/independent study/tutorials
Publications
1. Book
2. Journal and magazine article
3. Monograph, etc
4. Presenting recitals and exhibitions
5. Staging, directing, or acting in musical, theatrical, and dance
productions
6. Exhibiting paintings, sculptures, and other creative arts
7. Developing software / media
8. Reviews
9. Nonrefereed material
10. Citation counts
11. Invited/ contributed presentation
12. Invited/ contributed papers
13. Poster session
Advising
1. Advising students on programs of study
2. Sponsoring of advising student groups
3. Serving on master’s or doctoral supervisory committees
4. Chairing master’s or doctoral supervisory committees
Service
Faculty Service
1. Serving on departmental, college, or university committees
2. Serving on the faculty senate
3. Chairing any committee (student, faculty, etc.)
4. Serving as a sponsor for student activities/groups
Professional Service
1. Activity in professional organizations (holding office, serving on
committees or boards )
2. Consulting to organization or corporations
3. Consulting to university/ colleges, etc.
Public or Community Service
1. Participating in local, state, or national civic activities and
organizations
2. Applying academic expertise in the local, state, or national
community without pay or profit
Ongoing research
1. Basic scientific investigation, both theoretical and applied
2. Investigation of educationally relevant problems
Professional Recognition
1. Awards, honors, or invited presentations
2. Achieving advanced degrees, certification, etc.
Components of Program of Study
PEOPLE and PROCESS
modules
units
sessions
learning
objects
TOOLS and TECHNOLOGY
programme
of study
Products
and Services
CUSTOMERS
Modular Approach
I Institution
I Academic Department
I Program of Study
I E-Learning
I Partnership
I Remote Campus
I People
I Modules
I Resources
Products
and Services
CUSTOMERS
Paradigm Change in Higher Education
From studying once a life
to life-long learning
From ivory towers
to competitive markets
From single-mode universities
to multiple-mode univ.
From broad scope universities
to profiled universities
From isolated universities
to cooperating universities
From single-faculty curricula
to inter-faculty curricula
From broad basic studies
to just-in-time basic studies
From curricula-oriented degrees
to knowledge certificates
From term-oriented learning
to learning on demand
From linear curricula
to learning spaces
New Ways of Learning
TRADITIONAL TEACHING
NEW LEARNING
Teacher-centered instruction
Student-centered instruction
Single-sense stimulation
Single-path progression
Single media
Isolated work
Information delivery
Passive learning
Factual, knowledge-based
Reactive response
Isolated, artificial context
Multisensory stimulation
Multipath progression
Multimedia
Collaborative work
Information exchange
Active/inquiry-based learning
Critical thinking, informed
decision making
Proactive/planned action
Authentic, real-world context